P. Schmoldt, PhD - MTNet - DIAS

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List of Acronyms FE finite element (method) FV finite volume (method) GDS geomagnetic deep sounding GN Gauss-Newton (method) GN-CG GN with conjugate gradient (method) HIMU “high µ” with µ = 238 U/ 204 Pb HFU heat flow unit IE integral equation (method) L lunar daily variations LAB lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary LEMI long-period electromagnetic instrument MHD magnetohydrodynamic (waves) MT magnetotellurics MTZ mantle transition zone NLCG nonlinear conjugate gradients (method) Pc1 – Pc5 regular continuous ultralow frequency waves (pulsations) Pi1, Pi2 irregular transient ultralow frequency waves (pulsations) PDE partial differential equation PEJ polar electrojet in the ionosphere PICASSO program to investigate the convective Alboran Sea system overturn QN quasi-Newton (method) RMS root mean square SCS Spanish central system SD solar daily variation, enhanced on disturbed days sfe solar flare effect xx
sLAB seismic lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary SNR signal-to-noise ratio Sq solar daily variation on quiet days ssc sudden storm commencement SVD single value decomposition TE transverse electric mode / E-polarisation TEM transient (or time-domain) electromagnetic (method) tLAB thermal lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary TM transverse magnetic mode / B-polarisation ULF ultralow frequency (bands / waves) VLF very low frequency (bands / waves) WAL Weaver, Agarwal, Lilley (method) xxi
Page 1: Multidimensional isotropic and anis
Page 4 and 5: Contents 2.3. Deviation from plane
Page 6 and 7: Contents 8.3. Inversion of 3D model
Page 9 and 10: List of Figures 2.1. Amplitude of t
Page 11 and 12: List of Figures 4.17. Visual repres
Page 13 and 14: List of Figures 8.2. Ambient noise
Page 15 and 16: List of Figures 10.10.RMS misfit va
Page 17: List of Figures A.15.Result of anis
Page 20 and 21: List of Tables xviii 5.5. Parameter
Page 25 and 26: List of Symbols Below is a list of
Page 27 and 28: Symbol SI unit Denotation φ · pha
Page 29: Abstract The Tajo Basin and Betic C
Page 32 and 33: Publications Poster presentations x
Page 34 and 35: Acknowledgements Team, namely Colin
Page 37 and 38: Introduction 1 The Iberian Peninsul
Page 39 and 40: ections from enhanced one-dimension
Page 41: Part I Theoretical background of ma
Page 44 and 45: 2. Sources for magnetotelluric reco
Page 67 and 68: Mathematical description of electro
Page 69 and 70: yields 3.2. Deriving magnetotelluri
Page 71 and 72: 3.2. Deriving magnetotelluric param
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3.3. Magnetotelluric induction area
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Depth d s d 1 d 2 d n-2 d n-1 t 1 t
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3.4. Boundary conditions materials
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3.5. The influence of electric perm
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Distortion of magnetotelluric data
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4.1. Types of distortion Fig. 4.1.:
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J s 0 s 0 4.1. Types of distortion
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Scale Type Terminology Example Atom
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4.1. Types of distortion the use of
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4.2. Dimensionality Fig. 4.12.: The
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1D 2D local 3D/1D 3D/2D regional 4.
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4.3. General mathematical represent
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4.4. Removal of distortion effects
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Parameter Geoelectrical application
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4.4.5. Caldwell-Bibby-Brown phase t
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Method Applicability Swift angle 2D
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5. Earth’s properties observable
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6. Using magnetotellurics to gain i
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Part II Geology of the study area I
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7. Geology of the Iberian Peninsula
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Recovering a synthetic 3D subsurfac
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direction direction Depth: 12 - 30
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8.2. Generating synthetic 3D model
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Distance from the centre of the mes
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3D N45W 3D-crust TE Rho TE Phi Peri
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8.3. Inversion of 3D model data sch
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Model variation RMS misfit Optimal
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Profile: 3D-crust (TM-only) Depth (
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Parameter Value 8.3. Inversion of 3
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Depth (km) 10 -2 10 -1 10 0 10 1 10
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Depth (km) 10 -2 10 -1 10 0 10 1 10
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Step 1: Isotropic 2D inversion Step
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8.3. Inversion of 3D model data par
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8.4. Summary and conclusions bution
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Regularisation order Smoothing para
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S N 1% 0 Depth (km) 3% Depth (km) 1
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9.1. Profile location Data collecti
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Location (degrees) Recording period
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Geological region Stations Geologic
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9.4. Segregation of data acquired w
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Phase (degrees) 135 90 45 0 Z xy -4
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0 km 10 km 30 km 100 km 300 km Dept
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Pseudo-sections crustal strike dire
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9.8. Analysis of vertical magnetic
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9.8. Analysis of vertical magnetic
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10. Data inversion WinGLink softwar
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a (horizontal smoothing) 10. Data i
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10. Data inversion Short period ran
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10. Data inversion TM+TE Depth (km)
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10. Data inversion (a) Constrained
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10. Data inversion the model into u
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10. Data inversion Depth (km) S N 0
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Depth (km) 10. Data inversion S N 0
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10. Data inversion Group velocity m
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10. Data inversion ductivity of thi
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10. Data inversion Shtrikman upper
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10. Data inversion in the lithosphe
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10. Data inversion isotropic 2D lay
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10. Data inversion Depth (km) Depth
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10. Data inversion tigation is usua
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Depth (km) Depth (km) 10. Data inve
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Modelled Observed Modelled Observed
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Depth (km) 10. Data inversion 0 30
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10. Data inversion Depth off LAB (k
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10. Data inversion Depth (km) S 0 5
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10. Data inversion 10.3. Summary an
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10. Data inversion owing to availab
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11 Summary and conclusions The key
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11.2. PICASSO Phase I investigation
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A. Appendix Eocene 54 Ma 42 Ma 36 M
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A. Appendix A.2. Auxiliary informat
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A. Appendix 292 Fig. A.3.: Issues i
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A. Appendix A.2.4. Computation time
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296 3D-mantle profile Inversion res
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298 07-centre profile The profile 0
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300 3D-crust profile The profile 3D
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302 J-centre profile The J-centre p
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A. Appendix Anisotropy Resistivity
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A. Appendix A.4. Auxiliary figures
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A. Appendix 314 ρ TE(Ω−m) φ T
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A. Appendix 320 pic003 (off-diagona
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A. Appendix 322 pic013 (off-diagona
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Bibliography Abalos, B., J. Carrera
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Bibliography Artemieva, I. M. (2006
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Bibliography Berdichevsky, M., V. D
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Bibliography Cebriá, J.-M., and J.
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Bibliography de Vicente, G., J. Gin
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Bibliography Egbert, G. D., and J.
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Bibliography Ganapathy, R., and E.
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Bibliography Haak, V., and R. Hutto
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Bibliography Hutton, R. (1972), Som
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Bibliography Jones, A. G., and R. W
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Bibliography Kurtz, R. D., J. A. Cr
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Bibliography Lviv Centre of Institu
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Bibliography Merrill, R. T., and M.
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Bibliography Newman, G., and G. Hoh
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Bibliography Pádua, M. B., A. L. P
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Bibliography Prácser, E., and L. S
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Bibliography Ritter, J. R. R., M. J
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Bibliography Serson, P. H. (1973),
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Bibliography Spitzer, K. (2006), Ma
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Bibliography Tikhonov, A. N., and V
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Bibliography Wanamaker, B. J., and
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Bibliography Xu, Y., C. McCammon, a
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