Schmucker-Weidelt Lecture Notes, Aarhus, 1975 - MTNet
Schmucker-Weidelt Lecture Notes, Aarhus, 1975 - MTNet Schmucker-Weidelt Lecture Notes, Aarhus, 1975 - MTNet
small eigenvalues. The parameter vector of a high eigenvalue shows the parameter combination which can be resolved well, the parameter eigenvector of a small eigenvalue gives the combination of para- meters for which only a poor resolution can be obtained. The generalized inverse is used both to invert a given data set and to estimate the information contents of this data set when the final solution is reached. hring the inversion procedure one has two too1.s to stabilize the notable unstable process of linearization: a) application of only a fraction of the con~puted parameter correc-- tion, leading to a trade-off between convergence rate and sta- bility; b) decrease of number of eigenvalues taken into account. In the final estimation of the data contents one might prescribe for exh parameter a maximum variance. Then one has to determine from (6.35) the number of eigenvalues leading to a value nearest to the prescribed one. Finally the row of the resolution matrix for this particular parameter is calculated. 6.3. 'mri.vation of the kernels for the linearized inverse problem of electromagnetic induction 6.3.1. The one-dimensional case Both for the Backus-Gilbert procedure and for the generalized linear inversion a knowledge of the change of the data due to a small change in the conductivity structure is required. In the one-dimensional case the pertinent differential equation and datum are , flr(z,w) = I K ~ + iwp0o(z)}f (zrw) Consider two conductivity profiles o and o with correspondicg 1 2 fields fl and f2. Multiplying the equation for fl with f2 and the equation for f2 with flr subtracting the resnltinq equations and - integrating the difference over z from zero to infinity, we obtain .I (f;'f2 - f:fl)dz = iwp o 1 (ol-cr2)flf2 dZ 0 0
Now m Division by f !, (0) :f; (0) yields If the difference 60 = a - o is small, f2 in the integral may 2 I be replaced by fl, since the difference f2 - fl is of the order of 60 = a2 - o leading to a second order term in 6C = C2 1' - C1. Hence to a first order in 6s m 6C(w) = - iwp l6a(z){ f (z,w) 12 dz O 0 f' (0,~) Therefore in the Backus-Gilbert procedure the FrGchet derivative of C is -iwpb{f(~)/f'(o)}~. In the generalized inversion the deri- vatives of C with respect to layer conductivities and layer thick- nesses is required, if a structure with uniform layers is assumed. Let there be L layers with conductivity am and thickness d in m the m-th layer, h < z 2 hm+l (hL+l = -). m - Then (6.38) yields since in the last case all layers below the m-th layer are dis- placed too.' ' '6':3 :2 : Pa,rt?al - derivatives in two- and 'three-dimensions For two-dimensions only the E-polarization case is considered. The pertinent equation is (cf . (3.5a) ) AE = iwp a E . 0 Considef again two conductivity structures a and a2. 1
- Page 27 and 28: The approximate interpretation of C
- Page 29 and 30: I ~ispersi-on relations I Dispersio
- Page 31 and 32: where L is a positively oriented cl
- Page 33 and 34: 1 2 3 4 CPD 1 2 3 4 CPD - g) Depend
- Page 35 and 36: The TE-mode has no vertical electri
- Page 37 and 38: i I Earth Anomalous domain 3.2. Air
- Page 39 and 40: Hence, the conductivity is to be av
- Page 41 and 42: The RHS i.s a closed line integral
- Page 43 and 44: 4. Having determined B;, the coeffi
- Page 45 and 46: 3.4. Anomalous region as basic doma
- Page 47 and 48: - 6 and 6= can be so adjusted that
- Page 49 and 50: From the generalized Green's theore
- Page 51 and 52: and y can again be so adjusted that
- Page 53 and 54: 4.2. In3ral - --- equation method L
- Page 55 and 56: The element GZx is needed for all z
- Page 57 and 58: With this knowledge of the behaviou
- Page 59 and 60: After having determined Qzr VJ,; @,
- Page 61 and 62: 4.3. The surface inteyral approach
- Page 63 and 64: F At the vertical boundaries the co
- Page 65 and 66: The four equations A A A A H = i sg
- Page 68 and 69: 6. Approaches to the inverse proble
- Page 70 and 71: to minimize the quantity a s = 12 /
- Page 72 and 73: It remains to show a way to minimiz
- Page 74 and 75: Agai-n, from a finite erroneous dat
- Page 76 and 77: Here lJ - is a N x P matrix contain
- Page 80 and 81: Then - 77 - A(E2 - E ) = iwu U (E -
- Page 82 and 83: whence 2k d -2k d where a = CA:(A;)
- Page 84 and 85: . 7. Basic concepts of geomagnetic
- Page 86 and 87: orders of magnitude smaller' than t
- Page 88 and 89: Elimination of - E or .,. H yields
- Page 90 and 91: Observing that rot pot rot g = - ro
- Page 92 and 93: Two special types of such anomalies
- Page 94 and 95: Model : wo+ Solution for uniform ha
- Page 96 and 97: parameter u and that the pressure d
- Page 98 and 99: (=disturbed)-variations: After magn
- Page 100 and 101: with 4 as geographic latitude. From
- Page 102 and 103: Very rapid oscillations with freque
- Page 104 and 105: ! 8. Data Collection - and Analysis
- Page 106 and 107: A horizontal electric -- field comp
- Page 108 and 109: For a data reducti.on in the fr3equ
- Page 110 and 111: Let q be the tranfer function betwe
- Page 112 and 113: . A as transfer function between A
- Page 114 and 115: -- Structural soundi~z with station
- Page 116 and 117: Since it follows that - E 1 = - T E
- Page 118 and 119: - - . the same or from different si
- Page 120 and 121: The Fourier integral - +- -io t T -
- Page 122 and 123: The weigh-t . function W is then fo
- Page 124 and 125: Two convenient filters are 3 sinx I
- Page 126 and 127: (e.g. X), their realizations by obs
Now<br />
m<br />
Division by f !, (0) :f; (0) yields<br />
If the difference 60 = a - o is small, f2 in the integral may<br />
2 I<br />
be replaced by fl, since the difference f2 - fl is of the order<br />
of 60 = a2 - o leading to a second order term in 6C = C2<br />
1'<br />
- C1.<br />
Hence to a first order in 6s<br />
m<br />
6C(w) = - iwp l6a(z){ f (z,w) 12 dz<br />
O 0 f' (0,~)<br />
Therefore in the Backus-Gilbert procedure the FrGchet derivative<br />
of C is -iwpb{f(~)/f'(o)}~. In the generalized inversion the deri-<br />
vatives of C with respect to layer conductivities and layer thick-<br />
nesses is required, if a structure with uniform layers is assumed.<br />
Let there be L layers with conductivity am and thickness d in<br />
m<br />
the m-th layer, h < z 2 hm+l (hL+l = -).<br />
m - Then (6.38) yields<br />
since in the last case all layers below the m-th layer are dis-<br />
placed too.'<br />
' '6':3 :2 : Pa,rt?al - derivatives in two- and 'three-dimensions<br />
For two-dimensions only the E-polarization case is considered. The<br />
pertinent equation is (cf . (3.5a) )<br />
AE = iwp a E .<br />
0<br />
Considef again two conductivity structures a and a2.<br />
1