CRIMES WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES - gpvec

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8. Enforcement of State Laws Animals killed for meat in the U.S. are slaughtered at more than 2,000 non-federal plants. These plants are inspected for compliance with food safety regulations, including those pertaining to humane handling and slaughter, by state and/or federal agricultural inspectors (see Section 2.5 for discussion of plant inspection authority). Although a vast majority of animals slaughtered for food in the United States are killed at federal plants, the treatment of animals at non-federal plants should be addressed in any review of U.S. humane slaughter practices. 8.1 Analysis of State Enforcement Records To evaluate the level of humane law enforcement at non-federal slaughter plants, public records requests were submitted to the 30 U.S. states operating meat inspection programs. The following documents were requested: 1) all records relating to enforcement actions for violations of humane handling and slaughter regulations and 2) all communications, including notices, directives and memos, relating to humane handling and slaughter. The requests were for all relevant documents generated during a 3-year time period, from January 1, 2002 through December 31, 2004. All states responded to the document request within two months. However, relatively few documents were provided, as illustrated in Table 21 (enforcement actions) and Table 22 (communications). Of 30 states, only 11 had records of any enforcement actions for humane slaughter during the 3-year time period, and just five had produced or distributed any communications relating to humane slaughter, other than notices or directives issued by the USDA-FSIS. Fifteen of the 30 states provided no documents of any kind related to humane handling and slaughter of animals at its state-inspected plants. The states providing no documents are responsible for inspecting a total of 600 slaughter plants. The state of Texas supplied the largest number of enforcement records. Of the 91 enforcement records provided by all states, only 60 were for state-inspected plants, and of those, one-half (30) were from Texas. Ohio produced 10 records. Some or all of the records provided by North Carolina and Virginia were for federal plants, which these states inspect under authority of the Talmadge-Aiken Act (see Section 2.5). Several other Talmadge-Aiken states—Alabama, Georgia, Illinois, Mississippi and Utah—provided no documents related to humane slaughter. Two states—Indiana and Georgia—responded that they possessed documents responsive to the request but were unable to readily provide them as their records were not filed by type of violation, requiring that all files for the 3-year period be manually searched for those relating to humane slaughter. 211 211 Dr. Lee Myers, Georgia state veterinarian, originally indicated that NRs were kept at the Georgia Dept. of Agriculture, and would be searched manually. He also indicated that the department does not normally conduct this type of search, but that an individual could come to the department to conduct a search of the files. The Georgia Department of Agriculture open records coordinator later responded that enforcement records were not available at the department, but were kept at the individual slaughterhouses, and the state would assess a minimum fee of $200 to initiate a search to determine whether documents existed. 69
Crimes Without ConsequenCes Table 21. State Enforcement Actions Related to Humane Slaughter 2002 to 2004 State Enforcement Actions Alabama No reports provided Arizona No reports provided California a Two NRs provided (in one case, notice of violation issued; in other case, inspection was suspended until issue resolved) Colorado a No reports provided Delaware No state inspected meat plants at this time Georgia No reports provided Illinois No reports provided Indiana No reports provided b Iowa No reports provided Kansas Two letters of warning provided Louisiana No reports provided Maine No reports provided Minnesota Two NRs provided (in one case, inspection was suspended and establishment was levied fine of $500, which was stayed; in the other case, the owner of the establishment pled guilty to inhumane slaughter, was fined $1,000, and was required to complete a course on humane slaughter) Mississippi No reports provided Missouri No reports provided Montana No reports provided New Mexico No reports provided North Carolina 34 NRs provided c North Dakota One NR provided Ohio 10 NRs provided (in one case, inspection was withdrawn and establishment ordered to cease operations) Oklahoma One NR provided South Carolina One NR provided (establishment agreed to consent order requiring employees attend training session on humane slaughter in lieu of civil penalty) South Dakota No reports provided Texas 30 NRs provided d 70
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CRIMES WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES: The En
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CONTENTS Executive Summary ........
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the enforCement of humane slaughter
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Executive Summary Each year, about
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exeCutive summary Federal enforceme
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1. Introduction The purpose of this
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2. Overview of Food Animal Slaughte
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overvieW of food animal slaughter i
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Page 26 and 27: overvieW of food animal slaughter i
Page 28 and 29: 3. History of U.S. Humane Slaughter
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Page 36 and 37: 4. Federal Humane Slaughter Law Con
Page 38 and 39: federal humane slaughter laW In 199
Page 40 and 41: 4.3 Exemptions federal humane slaug
Page 42 and 43: federal humane slaughter laW The US
Page 44 and 45: federal humane slaughter laW 01/18/
Page 46 and 47: 5. Enforcement of Federal Law in U.
Page 48 and 49: enforCement of federal laW in u.s.
Page 50 and 51: • enforCement of federal laW in u
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Page 54 and 55: Food in pens enforCement of federal
Page 56 and 57: 5.2 Reject Tags enforCement of fede
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Page 68 and 69: enforCement of federal laW in forei
Page 70 and 71: 7. State Humane Slaughter Laws Thir
Page 72 and 73: state humane slaughter laWs Unlike
Page 74 and 75: state humane slaughter laWs Indiana
Page 78 and 79: Notes enforCement of state laWs Uta
Page 80 and 81: enforCement of state laWs penalty o
Page 82 and 83: 8.2 Application of anti-cruelty law
Page 84 and 85: enforCement of state laWs However,
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Page 92 and 93: industry slaughter guidelines In 20
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Page 96 and 97: 10. Slaughter Standards under Anima
Page 98 and 99: slaughter standards under animal We
Page 100 and 101: 11. Conclusion Fifty years ago, the
Page 102 and 103: ConClusion speeds, c) requiring eme
Page 104 and 105: • ConClusion Finding #9: State an
Page 106 and 107: Appendix A: Federal Regulations Rel
Page 108 and 109: • aPPendiCes Allows that inspecto
Page 110 and 111: aPPendiCes Appendix b: Federal Plan
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Page 114 and 115: aPPendiCes conditions…. This oper
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aPPendiCes [Inspection personnel] s
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Stagno’s Meat Co (Modesto, Calif.
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aPPendiCes the pen. In these pens,
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aPPendiCes any hospital, educationa
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aPPendiCes Tennessee Section 39-14-
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Statutes Exempting Slaughter Genera
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aPPendiCes Name Location Est # 1 Di
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Institute Animal Welfare www.awionl
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CRIMES WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES - gpvec

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