CRIMES WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES - gpvec
CRIMES WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES - gpvec
CRIMES WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES - gpvec
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Crimes Without ConsequenCes<br />
Minnesota 31.59<br />
New Hampshire 427:33—427:34<br />
North Carolina 106-549.17<br />
Ohio 945.01—945.03<br />
Oklahoma 2-6-183, 2-6-195<br />
Oregon 603.065<br />
Pennsylvania 2303, 2362<br />
Rhode Island 4-17-1—4-17-7<br />
South Dakota 39-5-23.1—39-5-23.2<br />
Utah 4-32.3, 4-32.6<br />
Vermont 3131—3134<br />
Washington 16.50.100—16.50.170<br />
West Virginia 19-2E.5<br />
Wisconsin 95.80<br />
At one time, it was felt that states needed to pass humane slaughter legislation in order to<br />
cover animals slaughtered at non-federal plants. However, all states conducting their own<br />
meat inspection programs have adopted by reference the federal food safety regulations,<br />
including those related to humane handling and slaughter. 188 Therefore, the humane<br />
slaughter provisions of the federal law cover all animals slaughtered under the authority<br />
of state food inspection laws.<br />
State-level humane slaughter laws are not completely irrelevant, however. State laws<br />
can afford protection to animals at slaughter, in several ways, by: 1) covering additional<br />
species, 2) prohibiting additional methods of slaughter, 3) limiting exemptions,<br />
4) applying the law to additional types of slaughter, and 5) assessing additional penalties.<br />
7.1 Species covered<br />
Nearly half of the 30 states with humane slaughter laws cover species in addition to those<br />
covered under the federal law (refer to Table 20). Ungulates are the most commonly<br />
added species. Six states cover ratites, and five cover bison. The laws of three states—<br />
California, Indiana and Utah—include poultry; however, only California has enacted<br />
regulations to implement the humane slaughter of birds. 189 Maine’s state veterinarian has<br />
indicated that Maine requires humane slaughter for poultry. 190<br />
188 Personal communication with Pam Osgasawara, deputy director, USDA-FSIS, federal, state and local<br />
government relations staff. See also FSIS review of state program: summary report, January 2007.<br />
189 California Code of Regulations, Article 15.1 Humane Slaughter of Poultry.<br />
190 Although Maine’s humane slaughter law refers only to “livestock,” and livestock is defined separately from<br />
64
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