CRIMES WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES - gpvec
CRIMES WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES - gpvec CRIMES WITHOUT CONSEQUENCES - gpvec
ConClusion speeds, c) requiring emergency stops on the bleed rail, d) requiring a portable stunning device, and backup, for use in ante-mortem areas, e) requiring a backup stunning device in the stunning area and at the bleeding station on the slaughter line, f) requiring testing of all stunning devices, including backups, at the beginning of each shift and regular stunner preventive maintenance and cleaning, and g) requiring formal worker training in humane handling and slaughter. 11.2 Federal Enforcement in U.S. Plants • • Finding #4: The USDA issued approximately 500 humane handling/slaughter NRs for all federal inspected slaughterhouses during an 18-month period. This represents no increase in the number of deficiencies cited for humane handling/slaughter since the mid- 1990s. (This suggests that either no increase in enforcement has occurred or that industry compliance with regulations and federal enforcement of the regulations increased proportionally during the time period, which seems unlikely.) The number of slaughter plants suspended for humane violations over the past 10 years has increased, however, overall, less than 1 percent of all food safety NRs—and less than 10 percent of all food safety suspensions—are issued for humane handling and slaughter violations. Recommendation: The USDA should consistently cite all incidents of noncompliance with federal humane handling and slaughter regulations and take all appropriate associated regulatory actions, such as the suspension of plant operations, until the problem is resolved. USDA personnel who repeatedly fail to cite noncompliance should be subject to discipline, including termination. Finding #5: District veterinary specialists in humane slaughter have improved oversight of humane activities in federal plants, as evidenced by the number of NRs referencing the involvement of the district vet. However, these specialists visit individual slaughter plants only rarely, suggesting that most humane violations go either unobserved or unreported. Recommendation: The USDA should permanently station inspection personnel in the stunning area of all federal slaughter plants classified as “large.” Their sole responsibility should be ensuring enforcement of the Humane Slaughter Act. In addition, the USDA should require that inspection personnel in all “small” and “very small” plants observe the stunning process at least two times each shift to assess worker competence and proper equipment function. Inspection in the anti-mortem areas of all plants should increase significantly to ensure that animal handling is being conducted in a humane manner. 95
• Crimes Without ConsequenCes Finding #6: A review of federal enforcement documents indicates serious inconsistencies in the manner in which humane handling and slaughter violations are handled between plants. Slaughter operations were suspended in some cases for failure to provide water to animals in pens, while in other instances officials failed to take action against plants found to be repeatedly butchering conscious animals. Serious inconsistencies were also noted in the manner in which humane handling and slaughter violations were handled between USDA-FSIS districts. During the past decade, one FSIS district covering only 32 plants issued 15 suspensions, while another district covering 139 plants issued just four suspensions. Recommendation: USDA headquarters must routinely review the enforcement records of FSIS district offices and provide enforcement guidelines to ensure strong, consistent application of the federal humane slaughter law. 11.3 Federal Enforcement in Foreign Plants • Finding #7: The USDA does not routinely consider humane slaughter laws and their enforcement in reviewing foreign country eligibility for exporting meat and meat products to the United States. In inspecting foreign slaughter establishments, the USDA cites very few deficiencies of humane standards compared with the far larger number of citations made for food safety lapses. Recommendation: The USDA should review foreign country humane slaughter laws in determining eligibility for meat export to the United States and routinely review humane handling and slaughter practices when inspecting foreign establishments for compliance with the equivalent of U.S. humane slaughter regulations. 11.4 State Laws • Finding #8: The federal humane slaughter law and its regulations cover animals slaughtered in state-inspected establishments in all 50 states. However, because only 30 states have passed humane slaughter legislation, and not all species of animals killed for food are covered under these laws, a number of animals remain unprotected. In addition, animals killed on the farm are usually exempt from humane slaughter requirements, and slaughter practices at custom exempt establishments are not routinely monitored. Recommendation: States should enact humane slaughter legislation protecting all species of animals killed for food at all locations, including at custom establishments and on the farm. Penalties provided in existing humane slaughter laws should be strengthened. 96
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•<br />
Crimes Without ConsequenCes<br />
Finding #6:<br />
A review of federal enforcement documents indicates serious inconsistencies<br />
in the manner in which humane handling and slaughter violations are handled<br />
between plants. Slaughter operations were suspended in some cases for failure to<br />
provide water to animals in pens, while in other instances officials failed to take<br />
action against plants found to be repeatedly butchering conscious animals. Serious<br />
inconsistencies were also noted in the manner in which humane handling and<br />
slaughter violations were handled between USDA-FSIS districts. During the past<br />
decade, one FSIS district covering only 32 plants issued 15 suspensions, while<br />
another district covering 139 plants issued just four suspensions.<br />
Recommendation:<br />
USDA headquarters must routinely review the enforcement records of FSIS district<br />
offices and provide enforcement guidelines to ensure strong, consistent application<br />
of the federal humane slaughter law.<br />
11.3 Federal Enforcement in Foreign Plants<br />
•<br />
Finding #7:<br />
The USDA does not routinely consider humane slaughter laws and their<br />
enforcement in reviewing foreign country eligibility for exporting meat and meat<br />
products to the United States. In inspecting foreign slaughter establishments, the<br />
USDA cites very few deficiencies of humane standards compared with the far larger<br />
number of citations made for food safety lapses.<br />
Recommendation:<br />
The USDA should review foreign country humane slaughter laws in determining<br />
eligibility for meat export to the United States and routinely review humane<br />
handling and slaughter practices when inspecting foreign establishments for<br />
compliance with the equivalent of U.S. humane slaughter regulations.<br />
11.4 State Laws<br />
•<br />
Finding #8:<br />
The federal humane slaughter law and its regulations cover animals slaughtered in<br />
state-inspected establishments in all 50 states. However, because only 30 states have<br />
passed humane slaughter legislation, and not all species of animals killed for food<br />
are covered under these laws, a number of animals remain unprotected. In addition,<br />
animals killed on the farm are usually exempt from humane slaughter requirements,<br />
and slaughter practices at custom exempt establishments are not routinely<br />
monitored.<br />
Recommendation:<br />
States should enact humane slaughter legislation protecting all species of animals<br />
killed for food at all locations, including at custom establishments and on the farm.<br />
Penalties provided in existing humane slaughter laws should be strengthened.<br />
96