Dipl. Ing. Matthias Mayerhofer Technische Universität München ...

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VIII Notation Notation ΔH [Kj/mol] Enthalpy (or Heat) of Vaporization Τ [s] Residence Time C* [-] Number of atoms of carbon in hydrocarbons D [-] Metal Dispersion dp [mm] Particle Diameter dp [mbar] Pressure Drop F [-] Mole fraction of each component in the product gas Kapp,tar [mTb,wet³/kgh] Apparent kinetic constant for tar elimination LHV [Kj/Kg] Lower Heating Value M [-] Molar density of gas MM [g/mol] Molar mass of the noble metal MN [mol/h] Molar feed rate of carbon to the reactor P [bar] Pressure Q [mTb,wet³/h] Gas flow rate at the inlet of the catalytic bed Q [1/h] Volumetric flow rate of gas QV_N [kg/h] Gas Flow S/B [-] Steam/Biomass ratio St [mol/mol] Stoichiometric Ratio SV [1/h] Space Velocity T [°C] Temperature T [-] Fraction of tar (or tar model compound) that reacted Tb [°C] Temperature in the center of the catalytic bed tspc [kgh/mTb,wet³] Critical space time
Notation IX tₒ [kgh/mTb,wet³] Space Time [W/Q] Vcat [L] Volume of the Catalyst Vx [cm³/ggas] Irreversable H2 uptake W [kg] Weight of Catalyst W/mb [h] Catalyst weight/ biomass flow rate ratio WHSV [1/h] Amount of fed/mass of catalyst in the reactor ratio wt% [g/gcat] Loading Xtar [-] Conversion of tar
Page 1: Betreuer der Arbeit: Dipl. Ing. Mat
Page 5: Acknowledgements This work was acco
Page 8 and 9: II Content Content Acknowledgements
Page 10 and 11: IV List of Figures List of Figures
Page 12 and 13: VI List of Abbreviations List of Ab
Page 17 and 18: Introduction 1 1 Introduction The d
Page 19 and 20: Introduction 3 1.2 Tasks The presen
Page 21 and 22: Biomass Gasification 5 2 Biomass Ga
Page 23 and 24: Biomass Gasification 7 Spouted Bed
Page 25 and 26: Biomass Gasification 9 2.2 Gas Clea
Page 27 and 28: Biomass Gasification 11 types of ca
Page 29 and 30: Biomass Gasification 13 Mechanical
Page 31 and 32: Biomass Gasification 15 Partial oxi
Page 33 and 34: Biomass Gasification 17 The followi
Page 35 and 36: Biomass Gasification 19 Groups of C
Page 37 and 38: Nickel Based Catalysts 21 even show
Page 39 and 40: Nickel Based Catalysts 23 The conte
Page 41 and 42: Nickel Based Catalysts 25 ing press
Page 43 and 44: Nickel Based Catalysts 27 3.4 Proce
Page 45 and 46: Iron Based Catalysts 29 4 Iron Base
Page 47 and 48: Iron Based Catalysts 31 Measurement
Page 49 and 50: Iron Based Catalysts 33 The percent
Page 51 and 52: Iron Based Catalysts 35 4.6 Catalys
Page 53 and 54: Iron Based Catalysts 37 Reduction i
Page 55 and 56: Iron Based Catalysts 39 and MgO (Di
Page 57 and 58: Precious Metal Catalysts 41 5 Preci
Page 59 and 60: Precious Metal Catalysts 43 Bimetal
Page 61 and 62: Experiments 45 Table 3: Biomass fee
Page 63 and 64: Experiments 47 6.3.1Experimental Pr
Page 65 and 66:
Experiments 49 6.3.2 Tar Sampling M
Page 67 and 68:
Results and Discussion 51 7 Results
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Results and Discussion 53 7.2 Sampl
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Results and Discussion 55 Wet Gas C
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Results and Discussion 57 er, the v
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Results and Discussion 59 7.3.1. Ef
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Results and Discussion 61 The conve
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Results and Discussion 63 7.3.3 App
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Results and Discussion 65 7.4 Blank
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Summary/Outlook 67 The aim is to pr
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References 69 (Aznar,1993) Aznar, M
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References 71 (Hepola,1997b) Hepola
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References 73 (Sarvaramini,2012) Sa
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75 Appendix Appendix A: Iron based
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Dipl. Ing. Matthias Mayerhofer Technische Universität München ...

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