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T h e M a g a z i n e o f H C T - D u b a i
DesertDawn
ءارحصلا رجف
The many sides of the niqab
Children growing up with violence
Blade weapons
One-day diary

Higher Colleges of Technology - Dubai
Encouraging a Green Environment

From the Director
Dr. Howard Reed, HCT-Dubai Director.
Mohammad Ahli. HCT-Dubai, Women’s
Campus
During recent issues of Desert
Dawn, the Editors have addressed
several very relevant articles;
articles that are not normally
featured in local publications such
as Sex Education, Female Circumcision
and Incest. Some of HCT
Dubai’s partners in the community
have been very responsive
and suggested that on the basis of
Desert Dawn articles we form task
forces and develop action plans to
work on the topics covered. This
exciting possibility gives Desert
Dawn a new dimension which was
only implied in the past, i.e. social
action.
Desert Dawn’s content intends
to heighten awareness of social
issues and even stimulate discussion.
This process has been disappointing,
but instructive in the
sense that it points out additional
learning experiences for our
students, such as: Learning more
about the business of magazines,
even the possibility of selling it;
creating social action task forces
with community partners; developing
our online potential to a
greater level; getting more male
readers; and, using more ‘forced’
reading and discussion groups.
The list of potential new learning
experiences can probably be expanded,
but this short list should
keep us busy.
For example, DWC and DMC are
now one college, HCT Dubai, with
two campuses, the Men’s Campus
and the Women’s Campus. This
means that we can get more male
students writing articles for and
reading Desert Dawn; perhaps
having discussion groups or
even debates about Desert Dawn
articles. As HCT Dubai moves into
this new exciting phase, Desert
Dawn is positioning itself to play
an important role in stimulating
the learning environment
to include social, economic and
cultural awareness.
Publisher
howard.reed@hct.ac.ae
04 2089 202
Publisher
Dr. Howard Reed
Editors
Alia Al Shamlan & Reem Binjab
Designers
Lamya Al Mualla & Mohammed Al Marri
Writers
Abdulla Al Shaiba
Abdulla Al Hammadi
Alia Al Shamlan
Afra Matar
Asma Obaid
Amna Al Falasi
Eman Al Ali
Hessa Falaknaz
Khulood Mohamed
Lamya Al Mualla
Maitha Al Haddad
Maitha Hamdan
Mariam Al Nuaimi
Maryam Sayed
Maryam Bin Ali
Moaza Al Sharif
Mohammed Ahli
Mohammed Al Redha
Mohammed Al Marri
Reem Binjab
Rehab Al Suwaidi
Salma Al Saadi
Samya Al Mandoos
Sahar Al Khatib
Saeed Salim Almas
Cover by
Abdulla Al Hammadi
Advisors
Dr. Hanan Hairab
Chair-Applied Communications
Arabic Text Editor
Laura McNabb
English Language
Margo Tummel
Graphic Design
Rajaa Abu-Jabr
Journalism
Higher Colleges of Technology-Dubai
Dubai Women’s Campus
Tel. +9714 2672 929
PO Box 16062, Dubai
www.dwc.hct.ac.ae
For feedback regarding Desert Dawn, please
contact Dr. Ken Newman on +9714 2089455
or email: desert.dawn@hct.ac.ae
Written & designed by HCT-Dubai Women’s
Year 4 Applied Communications students

Contents
06
CULTURE: The many sides of the niqab
The authoritarian brother
The struggle to fit in
06
WEARING THE NIQAB:
A PERSONAL
CHOICE?!
06
SOCIETY: Blade weapons
Women and horse riding:Manmade
barriers?
Playing football:a career or a dream
Women in police stations
14
MARRIAGE: Education threatens marriage
Women’s careers after marriage
26 When marriage becomes a
business plan
EDUCATION: DWC High School
Educating maids
35
HEALTH: Children growing up with
violence
39 Living healthy
Steroids and the youth
CAREER: One-day diary: Would you switch
roles with your housekeeper
45
PERSONALITY: National champions
Graduate profile: a view from
the top
48
FICTION: Joory
52
The opinions presented in this issue do not necessarily represent the views of Desert Dawn, the Applied Communications Department,
HCT-Dubai or its officials. Desert Dawn welcomes submissions from all students, however, not all submissions may be printed and they may
be edited for space, style and content. Desert Dawn is produced by HCT-Dubai’s Applied Communications Department، ––Women’s Campus.

6 CULTURE
The controversy of wearing the niqab. Reem Binjab/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
WEARING THE NIQAB:
A PERSONAL
CHOICE?!

The many sides of the niqab
Reem Binjab
Muslim women’s decision to wear or not to wear the niqab remains a controversy.
“The niqab is not a religious symbol,
it’s a sign of enslavement and
debasement. I want to say this
solemnly; the niqab will not be
welcomed on the territory
of this republic. We cannot
accept in our country women
imprisoned behind a mask,
deprived of all social life of their
identity.” – Sarkozy, President
of the French Republic
The niqab is commonly known as
a face veil, which is used by Muslim
women to represent modesty
and to avoid attention from the
opposite sex. Despite its general
connection with Islam and its religious
value, scholars have stated
that its origins are pre-Islamic and
it is in fact only a cultural practice
with no roots in Islam. The dean
of Al-Azhar University and one of
the highest Islamic authorities in
Egypt, Sheikh Mohammed Tantawi,
says the niqab is a tradition and
not a part of Islam. on his visit to
one of the schools associated with
Al Azhar, he apparently told a girl
wearing the niqab, “I know more
about Islam than your parents
and I’m telling you to take it off.”
The origins of the niqab go back
to a millennium pre-Islam; it was
introduced in the Roman Empire
and was later adopted by different
cultures. If the niqab isn’t originally
Islamic, why are more women
wearing it in Arab countries like
Egypt and Saudi Arabia? Could
it be that its purpose is misinterpreted
and scholars are using
the name of Islam to promote
oppression among Muslim women?
THE oRIgINS oF
THE NIqAB
go BACk To A
MILLENNIUM
pre-Islam; It was
INTRoDUCED IN
THE RoMAN
EMPIRE AND WAS
LATER ADoPTED
By DIFFERENT
CULTURES.
Integrating devoted Muslims into
foreign societies has started many
debates. Today, wearing the niqab
is banned in many countries
around the world as it has been
labeled a new form of enslavement.
It is said to cause confusion, draw
crowds in public and even pose
a threat to a country’s security.
Many Muslims are enraged by
the ban. During a debate on CNN,
Heba Ahmed, a USA based author
and a writer on the MuslimMatters.org
blog argues that “just
because someone does not accept
my interpretation of Islam or
doesn’t personally like it, doesn’t
mean we can use laws to violate
people’s freedom of expression
and freedom of religion.”
She also believes that the niqab
does not in any way represent
oppression or enslavement
because the majority of women
who wore it did so willingly and
were not in any way pressured
into it.
This, however, is not the case
in some developing countries
such as Afghanistan and Bangladesh,
where women’s rights are
jeopordized by a male-dominated
culture and women are expected
to conceal their identity whether
they want to or not. According
to Hamida, an Afghan college student
in Dubai, most of the women
she knew back in her country
would have suffered dreadful
violence at the hands of their husbands
and male relatives had they
refused to cover up in a certain
manner and maintainthe family’s
honor. Under the current Afghan
regime, women are not officially
required to cover their faces.
In rural areas of Pakistan, it is
worn by women as part of conventional
traditions that are not
connected to religion; minorities
like Christians and Hindus also
practice these customs.
7

8
In cities like Mecca and Madina
in Saudi Arabia, it is considered
compulsory to wear the niqab and
women who fail to do so are often
taunted. In an interview with
Dr. Iman, a newly specialized
family physician at Dubai Health
Authority, she said that during
her visit to Mecca to perform
Al Haj, a member of a religious
group scorned, “Cover your face,
woman,” and gave her a pamphlet,
which labeled women who expose
their faces as “sinners.” She ex-
plained that she found his behavior
very shocking and was intimidated
by the people around her.
BEyoND THE
CoNTRovERSy
oF WoMEN’S
REASoNS FoR
WEARINg THE
NIqAB, THERE IS
A gRoUP WHo
WEAR IT FoR
MANIPULATIvE
PURPoSES.
The niqab in the UAE is often worn
by women in public. Despite the
presence of workplace rules,
which banned government employees
from covering their faces
in the late 1990s and early 2000s,
teachers, receptionists, bankers,
and even doctors today are seen
with covered faces while at work.
Dr. Fatima, a dentist at Rashid
Hospital who wore the niqab for
eight years of her life, revealed
that she decided to stop wearing
it because of the restrictions it
enforced on her. “I loved being
a niqabi, it is who I am. But I realize
that being a qualified doctor is
more important. Patients’ satisfaction
comes first and if revealing
my face provides some sort of
comfort for the patient, I’m all
for it.”
In another interview, a doctor at
the Dubai Hospital explained that
recently a number of patients
requested to see her specifically
because they were uncomfortable
visiting one of her colleagues
who wouldn’t reveal her face
for religious reasons.
Beyond the controversy of women’s
reasons for wearing the niqab,
there is a group who wear it for
manipulative purposes. There have
been reported incidents in which
both men and women have used it
to perform illegal operations such
as bank robberies and identity
theft.
on February 10, 2010, an article
with the headline “Man claims
fiancee hid beard under niqab”
was published in gulf News.
It revealed a story of an Arab
ambassador in the Emirates, who
called off his wedding because his
wife was allegedly bearded and
cross-eyed and purposely hid her
flaws behind the niqab. “the arab
man, who also holds the title of
minister plenipotentiary, claimed
to a Sharia court judge in Dubai
that the bride’s family showed
his mother photos of the bride’s
sister and not the woman he was
going to marry.”
Another article published on
october 15, 2010 by The National
newspaper, reported an incident
in which a man tried to illegally
enter the country by wearing the
niqab.
“The Bangladeshi man was sitting
in the front seat next to the driver.
The driver, kH, from oman, told
the police that the person in an
abaya was his wife and handed
a female police officer his wife’s
passport. The policewoman
insisted the passenger take off
the niqab.”
Women continue to struggle for
their rights to walk out in public
wearing the niqab. But if wearing
the niqab in the West brings
unnecessary attention and hardships,
could it be possible that
persistence in this case defeats the
main purpose, which is modesty
and simplicity?
Ironically, the main debate on the
importance of the face veil lies
within the Muslim community
rather than the Western governments.
Since Islam is a religion
that mainly focuses on spiritual
and behavioral aspects, many
individuals find it hard to agree
that concealing one’s face somehow
makes them more devoted
Muslims or “closer to god.” on
the other hand, a great number of
Muslims believe that dressing in a
certain manner plays a great role
in one’s dedication to their religion.
There have been protests for freedom
of choice and religious practices,
but the main question remains:
is concealing one’s identity
truly considered freedom? There’s
no way to justify why it is a good
idea to either allow the niqab or
ban it especially considering the
many sides of the controversy.

victim of brother abuse. Alia Al Shamlan/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
The authoritarian brother
Alia Al Shamlan
When a brother abuses his role as the man of the house.
Not knowing how to deal with
the situation, Amna was shivering
and nervous. She called
the family driver several times,
but he didn’t reply and she was
worried her older brother would
find out about her problem. She
hated herself for losing her car keys.
“I was working on the night of
the Dubai World Cup and I lost
my car keys. I called my younger
brother to pick me up, but he
said he couldn’t. I then called the
driver and asked him to get me
the spare key and by the time he
arrived, it was around 11:30 pm.
When I got to my car my older
brother was standing there looking
so angry; he forced me into
his car and kept punching me in
the face. He broke my jaw, gave
me a black eye and a busted lip.
His reasons were ‘you were late
and I thought you were doing
9

10
something wrong’,” said Amna.
The issue of the authoritarian
brother is relevant to Arab countries
especially in the gCC area
Although many of the common
traditional practices that hinder
development and have harmful
effects on a society have diminished
through time, some traditions
resist change. one of these
traditions is the authoritarian
role the man plays in the family.
Men are mostly seen as the
more powerful members of the
familities as their role is to take
care of women, be responsible
for their expenses, and provide
them with whatever they need.
The responsibility is with fathers
as they take care of their families.
When the father isn’t present
whether because he passed
away or divorced, or even if
he was sick, the responsibility
automatically shifts to the mother.
However, in most cases when
there are elder brothers, they
take over. Some brothers misunderstand
their role. They assume
taking the responsibility of the
house means controlling the lives
of the family members, especially
the women.
A.F., a student, has three brothers
who did not interfere in her
life when her father was alive.
“When my father passed away my
life changed dramatically,” A.F
explains. She now needs to get
permissions from her brother
for things like getting her driver’s
license or going out with friends.
“I really wanted to drive and be
independent, but because most
of my brothers are policemen
and army officers, they claim
they are really worried about
allowing me to drive and risk
my life in an accident.”
Dr. Abdulaziz Al Hammadi, Head
of Family Cases Division at Dubai
Courts, explains that the reason
why brothers act authoritarian
and strict is that they are not
actually aware of their role as
brothers. “They need to understand
their role properly and not
confuse discipline with abuse.”
He also adds that some of them
know their role and are well
educated about it but sadly
do not attempt to practice it
because they are either too
attached to their traditions or
suffer psychological problems.
HE REPEATEDLy
SLAPPED AND
PUNCHED ME.
My FACE, BACk
AND ARMS WERE
BADLy BRUISED
AND MoST
IMPoRTANTLy
My HEART WAS
BRokEN
ghanima Hassan, counselor
of Psychology Services at the
Dubai Foundation for Women and
Children, explains that young men
tend to act authoritarian. This
goes back to the mother as she
implants these ideas and beliefs
in her sons’ minds. In some cases
mothers are not educated, and,
therefore, trust their sons’
decisions.
Hassan also points out that the
first five years of a child’s life
greatly influences his future. If
a child as young as three years
old is exposed to a father who
physically or verbally abuses the
mother, the child is most likely
going to do the same when he
grows up. “It’s an ongoing cycle,
unless one of the men realizes
that he has a problem and seeks
help from a counselor to solve
his issue.”
In some cases, men claim to love
their sisters and excuse themselves
by saying, “I hit her because I am
worried about her.” M.S, defending
his violent actions towards
his sister in the following story,
used this argument. M.S. had a
father who constantly abused
his mother; he lived in a tense
environment for 15 years of his
life and his mother always had
unpleasant things to say about
his father. He has three sisters
and is the only man in the house
since the divorce of his parents.
His sister, L.S., a young business
student, is not convinced that she
deserved to be punished by him.
L.S. got to know Ali through
a social networking website
and started communicating
with him as a family relative
with no intentions of doing anything
that could be perceived as
inappropriate. She was the best
student in her class, religious
and respected among her peers,
and her mother was very proud
of her. “When Ali proposed to me
I instantly told my mother and
she told my brother, who got
really angry!”
In a week or so, Ali’s mother
spoke to L.S.’s mother to ask for
her hand in marriage; however,
during that week her future

changed drastically. “My brother
caught me having an innocent
conversation at night with Ali on
the phone and lost control. He
started beating me and wouldn’t
stop; he repeatedly slapped and
punched me. My face, back and
arms were badly bruised and
most importantly my heart was
broken because I wasn’t allowed
to contact Ali again.” However,
L.S. is still in touch with Ali
and is very insistent on having
his family visit them again for a
proper engagement.
Hassan described that some
brothers tend to lose control
of their emotions and behavior
because of their fear for their
sister’s reputation at that
moment.
Some parents might, by stating
cultural beliefs, convince their
children that they deserve to
be physically abused for making
a mistake. Hassan disagrees with
such upbringing by stating that
violence is never the solution
even if the victim made a mistake
that affected the family’s
reputation. “Dealing negatively
with a negative situation will
only bring negative results,” she
added.
The number of reported cases of
household physical abuse seems
to be very low compared to the
actual number of cases. Hassan
said that since 2008, the Dubai
Foundation for Women and Children
has only received two cases
of physical abuse and that was
after the victims had suffered for
years.
Women who are victims of physical
abuse should always seek
help from professionals who can
improve their situation at home.
For example, a victim could first
report the physical abuse incident
to the police; if the abuse
persists the police would call
the abuser in to sign a pledge,
as well as arrange therapy
sessions to permanently resolve
the issue. If the situation persists,
it could be taken to the court and
resolved by the authorities.
Endless problems seem to affect
the victim if either the verbal
or physical abuse continues.
“She will lose self-confidence,
become an introvert and if she
was a student, her grades would
definitely deteriorate. Most
importantly, family ties are
disconnected and societies
become corrupt,” says Hassan.
“I had to quit my job since I was
badly injured and couldn’t go to
work. My life was ruined. I hope
I marry to a good man and start
a loving family where authority
is nowhere to be seen. I yearn
for this everyday. I will never
lose hope. I hope my brother
changes and at least senses guilt
whenever he sees my face and
the scars that he left on my skin
and my heart,” Amna says.
11

12
Lonely lemon. Samya Al Mandoos/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
The struggle to fit in
Samya Al Mandoos
The challenges foreign wives face while living in a different culture.
“I woke up that morning with a
strange feeling. I opened my eyes
to a different room, different house,
and different country. I closed my
eyes tightly and prayed to god that
I would fit into their society,” said
Maryam Mohammed, a foreign wife.
According to the Dubai Statistics
Centre, about 30 percent of local
men are married to foreign women
and the figure is expected to grow
in the future. Among this percentage
there are successes and
challenges.
When Ali returned from a trip to
an Asian country, his mother could

not wait to see him. But when he
walked into the house, he was not
alone; he had brought a wife back
with him. “His mother disliked me
from the first time she saw my face,”
said Maryam, Ali’s wife.
Maryam has been married to Ali
for 23 years and has faced many
problems with her mother-in-law;
Ali’s mother could not accept
maryam and always picked fights
with her. Maryam thought her
mother-in-law would finally
accept Maryam into the family
after giving birth to her grandchildren,
but she was wrong and
the hate persisted. Maryam said
her marriage got worse, but Ali
refused to divorce her because he
was worried it would negatively
influence their children.
Maryam’s story does not represent
the story of all foreign wives. Some
live happily with their husbands’
families. “I never had any disagreements
with any of them,” says
Alison H., referring to her in-laws.
Alison met her husband while
studying at university; she got
married in her country and then
moved to her husband’s home
country, the UAE. “The main
struggle was the language. I didn’t
speak arabic when I first came to
Dubai and had to learn it to be able
to understand,” Alison notes.
“I believe being a Muslim helped
me fit in with the arab society.
I have always been fascinated by
different cultures, and so it wasn’t
that difficult to have an open mind
to something different.” However,
Alison’s marriage ended in divorce
and she went back to her country.
A contradicting opinion comes
from Josephine Howells, who got
married in 1988 and came to the
UAE in 1989. “Personally, coming
to the UAE was a culture shock.
I was an independent woman in my
country, but when I came to the
UAE, my husband refused to let
me drive or work.” She explained,
though, that she was very happy
with her in-laws because they
respected her and her culture.
ACCoRDINg To THE
DUBAI STATISTICS
CENTRE, ABoUT
30 PERCENT oF
LoCAL MEN ARE
MARRIED To
FoREIgN WoMEN
Salma Mahboob is a foreign
woman whose family was struggling
financially and living in poor
conditions. An Emirati man who
was visiting her country offered
her a marriage proposal. “I was
very afraid, but I accepted his
proposal to help out my family
and support my younger brothers,”
Salma declared.
After her marriage, Salma faced
a great tragedy when her husband
died. “After my husband passed
away, my in-laws tried to adopt
my children, but I refused,” Salma
said. She managed to raise her
children on her own and received
a monthly income from the
Ministry of Social Affairs. Today,
Salma is very happy with her
choices and loves her children
very much.
In a survey conducted on Emirati
society’s opinions on foreign wives,
the majority of the respondents
refused the idea of local men
marrying foreign women.
“Cultural differences are the main
reason I reject this idea,” said
Naeema Al Amiri, an employer
at Sharjah Ladies Club. Al Amiri
is concerned that mixing two
cultures would confuse the
children’s identity.
“It will most likely end with a
divorce,” affirms Kamal mahdi,
judge of family disputes at Dubai
Courts. Mahdi rejects the idea
of local men marrying foreigners
as he has handled many cases in
the court, which involved foreign
wives. He believes foreign women
are usually looking for personal
benefits when choosing to marry
a local man. “A foreign woman will
always remain loyal to her home
country; her intentions to marry
a local man are always influenced
by materialistic reasons.” Mahdi
believes that the children are
always the victims of the parents’
separation and that they are the
ones who are going to suffer in
the end.
13

14
SOCIETY
Blade weapons
Saeed Salem Almas
gangs, weapons, blood, and revenge; is it only in the movies?
knives, daggers and swords,
collectively known as “white
weapons,” are used in hunting,
sports, and craftwork. However,
some Emirati teens and adults
use them as personal weapons
with deadly consequences. As it
is easy for adults and even teens
to buy such weapons in the UAE,
crimes involving bladed weapons
have become a common
issue in recent years.
Across the Emirates, men and
teenage boys, most of them
unemployed or uneducated, often
carry white weapons. gang wars
commonly start in neighborhoods
over control of specific streets
and areas; most of these fights are
related to family issues, revenge,
and turf wars or even just to
show off.
“We found them sitting near
an electricity cable in a really
dark place. My friend and I took
out medium-sized knives and
attacked them. I stabbed them
both really deep and my friend
slashed them hard on their
backs. I saw them bleeding and
begging for mercy, their blood
was on my hands and clothes,
they didn’t fight back and we ran
from the scene. A few days later,
I was arrested by the police and
have been in prison since then,”
says g.A., a 26-year-old convict.
White weapons used to be regular
items in Emirati homes and were
kept as part of traditional decorations.
Nowadays, people who
are interested in buying these
weapons must visit local souks
or the black market.
STATISTICS
CoNDUCTED By
DUBAI CUSToMS
SHoW THAT
THERE HAS BEEN A
RECENT
ATTEMPT To
SMUggLE ARoUND
900 WEAPoNS
INTo THE UAE.
According to Issa Al Shamsi, an
officer at the Ministry of Interior,
“These weapons are classified by
size and how harmful they are;
some of the dangerous white
weapons are not allowed to enter
the country, while others can be
traded under specific conditions.
Trading them in public places
such as shopping centers, sport
stadiums and the like, is banned.”
In 2008, Majid Al Matroushi,
Chairman of the Committee of
Internal Affairs and Defense of
the Federal Council, declared
that bladed or white weapons
were to be excluded from the
draft of federal law that covers
weapons, ammunition and
explosives. They are expected to
eventually be added to the final
draft and discussed at a later
time.
Al Matroushi calls for tighter
control and monitoring of industries
that include the use of
what can be classified as bladed
weapons and to put security
and safety before commercial
interests.
As crimes involving bladed weapons
increase, people have been
pushing for stronger weapon
legislation in the region. The authorities
feel it is best to cooperate
with the Ministry of Interior
and other departments regarding
this issue. The problem
cannot be solved by a ban since
there are many industries that
use tools, which can technically
be classified as bladed weapons.
one can legally buy bladed
weapons in a variety of places,
such as fishing shops. The tools
are licensed from the Department
of Economic Development
under the category of “trade
gear.” However, since unlicensed
fishing and hunting are prohibited
in all seven emirates, what is
the purpose of providing fishing
gear and other tools for hunting?
Another unfortunate factor that
makes weapons popular among

Gang fight. Fatma salem almas/HCt-Dubai, women’s Campus
15

16
both adults and teens is the
price. A sword ranges between
250 and 750 AED only and the
cost of an air-hunting rifle can
vary from 600 to 1800 AED.
Statistics conducted by Dubai
Customs show that there has
been a recent attempt to smuggle
around 900 white weapons
into the UAE. Also, two years
ago, a group of teenagers aged
between 14 and 19 years old
were involved in 15 crimes using
white weapons in the city of Ras
Al khaimah. Another statistic
shows that around 910 bladed
weapons have been seized from
foreigners entering Dubai International
Airport in the past
three years.
The Senior Manager of Airport
operations at Dubai Customs, Ali
Almaqhoi, noted that travelers
of different ages and nationalities
have been caught carrying
bladed weapons hidden in their
luggage and personal belongings.
He also noted that among the
white weapons seized by Dubai
Customs were swords, knives,
sharp handgrips, iron sticks with
nails and other sharp objects
that can be used as weapons.
In 2009, 351 knives were seized.
In 2010 the number fell to 326
and proceeded to decline to 233
in 2011. Almaqhoi stated that
these numbers prove that the
Dubai Customs’ efforts to inform
people of the dangers of traveling
with such weapons are working.
The spread of white weapons
use among minors began to
attract media attention approximately
seven years ago.
White weapons are commonly
carried by “Siyaa” or gangs, who
bring what they are exposed to
from violent films to their own
neighborhoods. Some of them
walk around carrying swords and
knives anticipating challenges
and duels that sometimes end in
serious injuries and even death.
“...PARENTS SHoULD
TAkE FULL
RESPoNSIBILITy
FoR WHAT THEIR
CHILDREN ARE
BEINg ExPoSED To;
THE BEST SoLU-
TIoN IS To SPEND
MoRE TIME WITH
THEM INSTEAD
oF LEAvINg
THEM oUT IN THE
STREETS WITHoUT
SUPERvISIoN.”
ghareeb Ateeq, a former police
officer, specified that some bladed
or white weapons that are available
in the markets are not sharp or
lethal weapons. However, some
individuals buy, sharpen, and use
them as lethal weapons. He also
added that he once found out
about an underground community
that hid sharp swords and knives
in a tent; they were later arrested
by the police.
A social specialist at a high school
in Sharjah was questioning how
some parents raise their children,
especially boys. He has personally
come across male students from
different social and economic
backgrounds, who started trading
or buying weapons.
According to him, rich families
spoil their children, giving them
the opportunity to have access
to whatever they want, including
expensive daggers and knives.
He also describes how teens
are easily influenced by media
exposure, as they are undergoing
emotional and psychological
changes. “Controlling your sons
and daughters in a positive way
is the key. Parents should take
full responsibility for what their
children are being exposed to;
the best solution is to spend
more time with them instead of
leaving them out in the streets
without supervision.”
Crimes involving bladed weapons
have always existed; however,
population growth and increased
media coverage on such issues
have led people to believe it is
a recent issue. This could bring
a positive change to the country,
as with more awareness comes
effective measures of improving
the society’s security and wellbeing.

Women’s Education Worldwide
HCT-Dubai Women’s campus is delighted to have been given the
opportunity to host the WEW Faculty Conference in January 8-10, 2013.
The mission of WEW is
to share best practices,
to collect and disseminate data
about women’s colleges, to
foster exchange among our
institutions, and to advocate for
women’s education worldwide.
https://www.mtholyoke.edu/pro
j/wew/index.html
WEW Faculty Conference
January 8-10, 2013.
For more information, please
email: dwc.wew2013@hct.ac.ae
-
HIGHER COLLEGES OF TECHNOLOGY - DUBAI
P r a c t i c i n g t h e F u t u r e

18
A’ayan horse riding club for women. Lamya Al Mualla/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
Women and horse riding:manmade barriers?
Lamya Al Mualla
What is the controversy over females horse riding in the UAE? Why are some families
prohibiting their daughters to practice the sport?

Why are Emirati females held
back from playing certain sports?
Are there sports that are truly
exclusive to men only?
Horse riding is a sport that has
psychological and social benefits
as it gives confidence and a feeling
of independence to the rider.
However, some females are
deprived of its benefits due
to cultural influence.
L.A., a 20-year-old female who has
been riding horses since the age
of six, tells us about her experience.
“We’re a family of two boys and
a girl. My mom has always
encouraged us to practice all
kinds of sports following the
recommendation of Caliph Umar
bin Al khatab in which he says:
‘Teach your children swimming,
archery and horse riding.’ While
riding horses, I have fallen several
times and I thank god that it has
only resulted in minor injuries.
Nothing has stopped me from
reaching my ambitions, but the
biggest hindrance was when I
turned fifteen and had to wear
the sheyla and abaya. I decided to
stop because I felt like I couldn’t
ride in front of males. Recently, I
joined a private women’s stable
and went after my dream.”
the benefits of the equestrian
sport include positive influence
on an individual’s physical and
psychological health as it helps
the development and refinement
of the body. It also improves the
horse rider’s attention because
it stimulates blood circulation
and breathing and increases the
ability to control body movement
and maintain balance.
In 2006, Hanan Al Muhairi directed
a documentary called Arabyana,
which focused on female riders
in the UAE and why people think
negatively about such sports.
According to the documentary,
Emirati families are divided into
three groups. The first group
allows their daughters to ride
horses without restrictions, the
second group allows their daughters
to do so, but within private
arenas and without participating
in competitions, whereas the third
group does not support the idea
of a female rider.
“HoRSE RIDINg IS
A vERy DANgERoUS
SPoRT ESPECIALLy
FoR FEMALES
BECAUSE THEy
CoULD FALL AND
gET SERIoUSLy
INJURED.”
Nada Hussain Al Mansoor, owner
and managing director of Aayan
Dubai Equestrian, opens the stable
five months a year exclusively
for female horse riders. Records
show that each year 300 females
between the ages of 14-50, most
of them teenagers, join the stable.
when al mansoor first started
she only had two horses, but
now with the growing number of
participants, she has 32 horses in
her stable, eight of which are for
private use.
“Culture and traditions are the
main reasons Emirati families
prohibit their daughters from
horse riding. The second reason
is the belief that playing certain
types of sports could affect a
female’s virginity. However, in the
past, Arab women used to ride
horses for transportation and also
during war. Why should women
of this generation be stopped from
riding horses based on traditions?”
Al Mansoor also believes that
“horse riding makes women more
feminine since it teaches the rider
to be soft-hearted and affectionate
with the horse in ordere to tame
it. Furthermore, a woman becomes
stronger and more confident.”
Hanan Al Muhairi, the founder
of Arabyana group, which was
established in 2007 by six Emirati
females, tells her story. “one of
the challenges I faced was the fact
that my dad wasn’t happy about
me riding horses in the beginning.
I’m ambitious and I want to learn
everything, but my dad didn’t
encourage me because he thought
that taking part in various activities
in addition to going to college
would affect my studies.”
In an interview with Al Muhairi’s
father, he said, “Horse riding is a
very dangerous sport especially
for females because they could fall
and get seriously injured.” However,
Al Muhairi’s father approved of
the idea, as his daughter’s passion
and determination convinced him
to allow her to pursue her dream.
Alia Ali, 23 years old, rode horses
without her family’s consent. “My
family is against the idea even
though we have a big farm with
many horses that are only used by
my brothers. The reason I’m not
allowed to ride is because they
have the wrong idea that it could
result in the loss of my virginity.”
In the documentary Arabyana,
Dr. Waeel Samoor, a gynecologist
explains that “horse riding doesn’t
affect a woman’s virginity. Based
on the female anatomy, there is no
direct contact between a female’s
sensitive parts and the saddle or
19

20
even anything that is similar to
the saddle in any other sport.”
yousif Al Hammadi, a trainee
at Dubai World Stable, which is
owned by H.H Sheikh Mohammed
Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, says, “I
worked at Dubai World stable for
six years and taught 15 females
who never mentioned being
afraid of losing their virginity. H.H
Sheikh Mohammed encourages
Emirati women to practice the
sport by attending horse races
and cheering for them. He also
visits three days a week while
the girls are practicing and even
rides horses at the stable with us.
Sheikh Mohammed’s vision involves
encouraging more women into
the field of horse riding. In 2004,
the percentage of female Emirati
horse riders was about 40 percent
and in 2012 it reached 80 percent.”
Also from the royal family, Princess
Haya bint Al Hussein, Sheikha
Madiya bin Hasher Al Maktoum,
Sheikha Latifah Bin Mohammed Bin
Rashid and many other members
of Al Maktoum family support and
encourage female horse riders.
Additionally, Sheikha Fatima bint
Mubarak, wife of the late UAE
ruler, H.H. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan
Al Nahyan, supports women’s
rights through her establishment
of the general Women’s
Union (gWE) that was founded
34 years ago. The gWC creates
competitions, workshops and
events to promote causes such as
the Sheikha Fatima Bint Mubarak
Ladies World Championship
(IFAHR) that encourages amateur
female horse riders in Arabian
horse races.
Twenty-one-year-old Sara Al
Sharif has been riding horses
since she was 4 years old. “My
mom bought me my first horse
when I was 4 and encouraged me
to ride it because I loved animals.
I developed this passion from my
mother because she was raised in
America and her lifestyle included
a stable and lots of horses. I
fell off a horse for the first time
when I was 6 years old and she
helped me up, put me back on
the horse and watched me as I
learned. This experience taught
me to never be afraid.”
“CULTURE AND
TRADITIoNS ARE
THE MAIN REASoNS
EMIRATI FAMILIES
PRoHIBIT THEIR
DAUgHTERS FRoM
HoRSE RIDINg.
Al Sharif fell off the horse several
times later on and decided to stop
riding when she was 12 years old
due to a painful injury in her back.
Two years later, her mother
encouraged her to go back to horse
riding, and when she turned 15 she
participated in a horse race where
Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed
saw her and asked her to join as
a rider in his club. A year later she
joined Fazza Equestrian Club and
is still a member today.
“I have always heard girls use
culture as an excuse not to ride
horses, but it’s totally wrong. I’m
not manly, I am feminine and I
don’t think my hobby has affected
my femininity at all.”

Playing football: a career or a dream?
Moaza Al Sharif
A dream job or just an uncertain future?
our eyes speak the same language. omar Al Bastaki
21

21
Saif k. was once very ambitious; he
always received the highest grades
among his classmates in almost
every subject until his father lost all
his money and Saif needed to
support his family as he was the
only son. Saif was a talented
football player and everyone
appreciated his footwork. After
joining the school’s football team, a
sports agent noticed his talent and
offered him a position on a popular
football team. Saif could not resist
the tempting offer and dropped out
of school so he could support his
family.
“IF A PERSoN
HAS CoNSTANTLy
FAILED AT SCHooL
HE WoULD PRoB-
ABLy DRoP oUT
AND JoIN A FooT-
BALL CLUB AS A
RESPoNSE To HIS
EAgERNESS To
SUCCEED AT SoME-
THINg.”
Saif is one of many young men who
made the hasty decision of getting
a job instead of pursuing higher
education degrees. In the Emirates,
a football player typically receives
the salary of a minister and leads
a luxurious life.
In the UAE, most males who join
football clubs see it as a chance
to play professionally as well as
a shortcut to luxury and wealth.
The United Arab Emirates has
around 30 different football clubs
competing to make football history.
The are considered a source of
temptation to young men to abandon
their education in hopes of
accomplishing one goal.
According to a football coach who
trains young boys in a famous club
in Dubai, the main reasons behind
this phenomenon are poverty and
failure in school. Dreams of becoming
professional football players
along with intense training provide
the means of escaping their reality.
Many young men dream of becoming
the next Adnan Al-Taliani, one
of the UAE’s best football players
who scored the UAE winning goal
at the World Cup in 1990.
The football system in the UAE
is quite different from the West.
“There, players cannot join any kind
of sport at school if their grades are
bad or if they fail any of the mandatory
subjects,” says Samir Hussain,
a 16-year-old student who studied
abroad for seven years. “Their application
to join the sports club is
rejected until the player passes all
subjects,” he adds.
Implementing a similar system
for footballers and athletes in the
UAE could have a great impact on
society. “Being a football player is
a dream profession but it’s a risky
road; when a player gets injured
during a match, the club forgets
about him until he recovers. And if
he fails to recover, he has to look for
a proper job which pays well, but he
won’t be able to because he doesn’t
have the necessary degree to get it,”
said omar Al-Ayobi, a 24 year old
Emirati actor. “If a person has constantly
failed at school, he would
probably drop out and join
a football club in his eagerness
to succeed at something,” he
commented.
yaser Matar is an ambitious 26 year
old football player who plays for
the UAE’s Al-Jazeerah club and
has been obsessed with football
ever since he was a little kid. “It
has been my first and only dream
since I was five years old. I believe
it is because all my brothers, who
are older than I am were not only
involved in this remarkable sport,
but were also champions of the
UAE football league,” he said.
According to Matar, although playing
football may not be a secure
career, it is the only path he could
see himself excelling in. “This job
is a short-term job unlike other
jobs. We play until we reach the
age of 30 -35 years, which is when
we can’t play anymore,” he added
Nevertheless, he also believes that
football is a way for him to serve
his country and give back to his
community. “The challenges and
obstacles that come with this job
make us deserve the rewards we
get because we work hard just
like people in other jobs. Sometimes,
we leave our families for
months to play football matches
nationally and internationally.”
one of the biggest barriers that
football players face is the possibility
that they might not be able
to play again. Luckily for Matar,
his injury was not permanent,
unlike many other athletes. “Last
year, I injured my knee and had
to undergo an operation. As per
the doctor’s instructions, I had to
stop playing for seven months, but
after my recovery period, I went
back and trained hard to get back
in shape.”
Saeed Abdulla is one of the great
football players, arbitrators, and
analysts in the history of Emirati
football. He played for the UAE

national team and Al-Wasl Club
from the early 70s to the mid 80s.
He also joined the arbitrator
committee in 1988 until 2001.
Later on, he became a sports analyst
on Sharjah Tv until he retired.
“You can find a high percentage
of illiteracy in young players
emerging onto the football field
because many of them did not
attend school in the first place.
In my opinion, football clubs are
dragging players to an early
illiteracy age where none of them
will be able to even communicate
coherently,” he commented.
According to Abdulla, many football
players do not think about the
consequences of choosing a football
career over getting a proper
education because of the tempting
monthly salary, which reaches
about AED 100,000. “The problem
is not the players, but the fast-paced
culture of the Emirates. Football
players of this generation suffer
from lack of education and won’t be
able to keep up with the fast developing
life in the country,” he stated.
Despite the exceptional care that
is channeled towards the football
profession in the country, the
development of Emirati football
remains somewhat weak compared
to other countries. “Unfortunately,
the development of Emirati football
is declining. It is true that we
developed professionally but we
moved too fast without planning
for good quality. Emirati football
was at its best in the past; it
brought wonderful results and
set the greatest records,” Abdulla
affirmed.
The late Salem Sa’ad was an Emirati
football player who started his
career playing for Al-Shabab Club
and Al-Naser Club. When Sa’ad
passed away his family were left
to struggle financially due to their
full dependence on Sa’ad’s career
advantages. As Sa’ad did not
complete his education, he was
not aware of his rights as a player
and his family ended up paying
the price.
“yoU CAN FIND A
HIgH PERCENTAgE
oF ILLITERACy IN
yoUNg PLAyERS
EMERgINg oNTo
THE FooTBALL
FIELD BECAUSE
MANy oF THEM
DID NoT ATTEND
SCHooL IN THE
FIRST PLACE.
IN My oPINIoN,
FooTBALL CLUBS
ARE DRAggINg
PLAyERS To AN
EARLy ILLITERACy
AgE WHERE NoNE
oF THEM WILL
BE ABLE To EvEN
CoMMUNICATE
CoHERENTLy.”
“I wish to be a football player, but
at the same time I want to have
another career on the side, which
would serve as a back up plan if I
have to stop playing football one
day. I need to make sure I can
continue my life without any
obstacles,” said Mohammed
Rashed, a 22-year-old student
at the American University of
Sharjah. Rashed also added that
it is never too late for anyone to
complete his or her education.
“Local players deserve all the
rewards they’re getting because
football is part of our culture, and
by playing football, they’re keeping
us entertained and are making
accomplishments on behalf of the
country,” Ibrahim Al-ghanim, a
22-year-old law student, stated.
others, however, believe the
rewards and benefits that football
players get are more than what
they deserve. “They don’t deserve
all the money and rewards they
are given because after receiving
them, they forget about the sport,”
says khalid Ahmed, a 25-year-old
Emirati working in the army.
Nowadays, Saif suffers a leg injury
that put an end to his football career.
And because he has no degree, he
is not able to find a good paying
job to support his family. He regrets
his hasty decision. If he could go
back, he would postpone football
a couple of years so he can first
get his educational degree and
the right position in a successful
company to secure a stable
income and a stable life for his
family.
22

23
Cultural boundries affecting women’s rights. Maryam Bin Ali/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
Women in police stations
Maryam Bin Ali
Cultures and traditions can prevent women in the Arab region from practicing many
things, but would it ever stop a woman from reaching out to the police?
on the morning of 31 December,
2010, I woke up after hearing my
mother screaming at everyone in
the house. “Fire, fire, wake up
Maryam, the house is on fire!”
She was running, crying, knocking
on the doors and calling us. I
jumped from my bed immediately
and was shocked to see thesmoke
all over the place.
I got my mobile and jumped
from my brother’s room window
and called the emergency number
asking for help. My brother saw
me calling the police helpline
number and argued with me
not to call and said, “Why are you
calling the police from your personal
mobile phone?” I wondered
if this was the proper time to
worry about such an issue!
Police stations exist to serve
people regardless of their gender.
yet, in some cases, Emirati men
do not allow their female relatives
to approach police stations
whether by phone or in person.
There are different opinions
regarding that matter.

The UAE police are a service
center, which provide a variety
of services. Ahmed Bin Ali, a
policeman who works in Dubai
Police said, “Dubai Police value
gender equality and they offer
their services to all individuals
whether they are men or women.
As police employees we are aware
that women nowadays are in need
of all the services just as men.”
Sometimes women have no choice
but to visit the police station for
certain documents such as good
conduct certificates, comprehensive
traffic statistics and driving
license renewals.
However, there are some services
in the police station that can be
done by someone on behalf of
the woman. “If the case can be
solved without personal attendance,
I prefer not to take my wife
with me. I believe that the police
station isn’t the proper place for
a woman,” Mohammed said.
going to the police station with
a family member is one way of
preventing a woman from being
judged by society. Mohammed
Ahmed explains he would not
judge a woman for going to a
police station if she had her
husband with her or one of her
male family members. “I will
allow my wife to go to the police
if the case is serious and can only
be solved with her presence. Also,
I need to be with my wife just to
stop people from judging her.”
khawla Al Matawa is one of
many local women who are facing
the same problem. After a
long day at college, Al Matawa,
22 years old, got into an accident
with a reckless driver on
her way home. Al Matawa called
the police and was asked for her
driving license and car registration
document. When he read
her name he recognized her
uncle and he asked Al Matawa
to come to the police station to
sign important documents. The
next day she received a call from
her furious uncle who was upset
because she went to the police
station without having a male
present with her.
“IF THE CASE CAN
BE SoLvED WITHoUT
PERSoNAL
ATTENDANCE, I
PREFER NoT To
TAkE My WIFE
WITH ME. I BELIEvE
THAT THE PoLICE
STATIoN ISN’T THE
PRoPER PLACE FoR
A WoMAN.”
on the other hand, some locals
do not see anything wrong with
a woman going to the police station.
“Twenty years ago, it was considered
shameful for a woman to go
to the police station. Parents didn’t
allow their daughters to do so
because at that time the police
station offered very few services
and people generally thought
that being seen there would ruin
one’s reputation.” says Shamsa
Taymoor.
According to an article published
in Al Emarat Al Youm newspaper,
Dubai Police reported that the
number of domestic violence
cases against women increased
reaching 102 cases in 2009
Women are culturally not allowed
to visit the police station to report
their issues, which gives the abusers
more power. As a solution to
this issue, Dhahi khalfan, the
commander of Dubai Police, has
assigned 27 policewomen to
personally visit the houses of
female victims.
Police management is aware
of how the community judges
women who work at a police
station. Maitha Al Haddad applied
for a job at the police station.
“I received a phone call from the
police’s human resource department
asking me to come for a job
interview and I accepted it immediately.
When I told my father
about it, the first thing he said
was, “I’m going with you.” After
Al Haddad was accepted for the
job, she went to Dubai police to
sign the contract. “I was surprised
when my manager told me that
that my office is located in the
Dragon Mart and not in the main
police station,” she added.
Al Haddad and six other girls
could not even pursue their
dreams of working at the police
station because of the belief that
it could affect their reputation.
24

26
MARRIAGE
Mohammad Ahli
A detour taken to pursue a
college degree and putting
marriage and motherhood on
hold has become normal in the
life of an Emirati female. The
majority of females have decided
to secure themselves with a
degree that will grant them
independence before tying the
knot and committing to a life full
of responsibilities and endless
First I need to
GRADUATE from college
then think of MARRIAGE!
Education or marriage. Photo source: Ahmed Abdullah
Education threatens marriage
Some women prefer to stay home and get married, whereas others insist on pursuing
their education.
chores. Worldwide women empowerment
and rights developments
have paved the way for Emirati
females to be more than just wives
to embrace their freedom, express
their individuality and have an
important role in developing the
country.
Thirty years ago, opportunities for
female Emiratis were not as diverse
as they are now. Her Highness
Sheikha Fatima Bint Mubarak,
Chairperson of the general
Women’s Union, is the driving force
behind Emirati women securing
their rights . She encouraged the
late President, Sheikh Zayed Bin
Sultan Al Nahyan, to start the women
empowerment movement and
allow Emirati females to gain their
full rights. A report published in

gulf News in 2011, stated that her
Highness always believed Emirati
women could contribute much
more to their society by building
a stronger generation through
improving their education. She also
believes that women are able to
handle any position, be it political,
business-related or even military.
opportunities today are wide open
for Emirati females to handpick
their dream job and excel at it.
However, having the chance of
pursuing a career-oriented life has
delayed the process of sharing a life
with a partner, as many believe that
“sealing the deal” involves giving up
many of one’s career opportunities.
In the past, most parents would
never have passed up the chance
to marry off their daughters
regardless of their age or education;
girls were considered to be
eligible for marriage as soon as
they reached puberty. Nowadays,
not only do girls prefer to delay
their marriage until receiving
a college degree, but also their
parents encourage them to do
so. Most mothers believe their
daughters should take advantage
of the opportunities that were not
granted to them when they were
young, since the majority of
Emirati mothers only carry a
middle or high school degree.
Ibrahim Al Fardan, a father of six
daughters, agrees strictly to only
allowing an engagement if the
suitor is extremely eligible and
can not wait. “Marriage can wait.
My daughters’ education come
first and they should always have
their degrees as back up.” He also
explained that the only time he
would be willing to let any of his
daughters know about a marriage
proposal is if he thinks the guy is
suitable enough and exceptional.
“My daughters are still young and
have their whole lives in front of
them; I don’t want to see them
stressing themselves out trying
to balance their education and
marriage. Waiting a few years
for marriage is fine,” al Fardan
explained.
ACCoRDINg To A
STATISTIC
REPoRTED By Al
EmArAT Al Youm
IN 2011, MANy
PEoPLE BELIEvE
THAT oNE oF THE
MAIN REASoNS
BEHIND THE HIgH
DIvoRCE RATES IN
THE UAE IS
EDUCATIoN.
According to a report published
in Al Emarat Al Youm newspaper
in 2011, many people believe that
one of the main reasons behind
the high divorce rates in the UAE
is education. “young couples
underestimate the responsibility
and commitment that marriage
brings,” said Fatma Al Falasi, an
Emirati columnist of Gulf News.
However, research conducted
through social media revealed
otherwise. one simple question
was asked: are Emirati females
willing to get married while they
still go to college? Subsequently
within a few hours, 200 replies
were received with 146 of them
answering no and only 54 voting
yes. This shows that the majority
of Emirati females prefer to
prioritize education to marriage.
The results were informative as
some of the girls revealed their
parents’ views about them getting
married before completing their
college degree. Most of the families
seemed to leave the decision
to their daughters.
Emirati females rejected the idea
of marriage before completing
their studies for various reasons.
khadija Mahmood, a student at
Zayed University, stated that
marriage could be “handful” and
said that she views marriage as a
difficult task because she is aware
of the responsibilities and repercussions
of marriage. She also
added that having a husband and
possibly a baby would distract her
from her studies and that is something
she would not want.
Zahra Habib, a recent graduate
from DWC, shares a different
view. “I am against marriage
while studying.” Habib supports
her opinion by saying that both
education and marriage demand
hard work and that it is all about
one’s ability to balance the two.
“If a girl is unable to balance the
two then she should probably
wait on marriage.” Speaking from
her own experience, Habib knew
her capabilities very well and
decided to delay her marriage and
be completely dedicated to her
education. She thinks of education
and marriage as two different
lives; girls must complete one to
be fully committed to the other.
In an opposing view, Hawra
Dawood, a married student at
Zayed University, does not see
a problem with marriage while
studying. “I don’t regret it,” she
said. Dawood believes there
are advantages to marriage and
education coexisting. If a female
27

28
has the support of her partner, it
would encourage her throughout
her education. If she faces any
difficulties, she always has her
partner to talk to. Marriage to her
is inevitable and she doesn’t see
why some girls choose to avoid it.
She admitted that it is hard work,
but to her it is all about priorities
and in her opinion family comes
first.
The negative impact that marriage
had on Dawood’s education mainly
revolved around time management.
She found it hard to give both her
education and marriage an equal
amount of time and attention.
Being pregnant was also an
obstacle since she had to take a
year off from her studies and take
care of her baby. After her year off,
she went back to university even
more determined, as her partner
encouraged her to continue her
studies. “Family is important and
your husband is a part of that,
you must always put your family
first. If you had the chance to get
married and everything felt right
then there’s no reason to refuse,”
she said.
There are also females who are
not completely against the idea
of marriage during education,
but only under certain conditions.
Sana Sajwani, an Emirati student
at UoWD, explains she would agree
to a marriage proposal during her
DWC Short Story Competition
Winner:Shaima Yousuf Altannak
education as long as it is only an
engagement and not an actual
wedding. She revealed that
handling both marriage and
education would be stressful for
her; however, she does not see
the harm in being engaged while
studying.
Looking at how life in the UAE
was in the past, people could
easily say that back then, every
female’s priority was to get married,
buy a house, and start a
family. But now with the presence
of various educational opportunities
for young Emirati women, it is
quite clear that the general perception
of a woman’s role is no longer
the same.
DWC Library held a Short Story Competition for enrolled students to coincide with the Emirates Airline Festival
in the “visiting Author’s Room” at the festival and the winner, Shaima yousuf Al Tanak, received the most votes
from the visiting authors. Congratulations, Shaima.
Hi. My name is Shaima Altannak. I am 20-year-old girl who enjoys creating something out of nothing. I am an
optimistic person and an animal lover. This is my story.
I am a girl with a lemon brain
I am a girl with a lemon brain who squeezes her brain to get new thoughts like squeezing the lemon to get a delicious
drink. When life makes me mad I add some ice in my lemon drink. I love to try something new like trying
a lemon-kiwi juice. I add sugar in a sour juice exactly like adding positive thoughts in my problems. Finally I am
a hopeful girl who is squeezing her lemon before falling from a tree and become a useless rotten lemon brain.

Marital problems. Maitha Al Haddad and Shaimaa Jamel/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
Women’s careers after marriage
Maitha Al Haddad
Whose choice is it?
“I got divorced the same day of
my wedding because I wanted to
continue working after marriage,”
said Hessa, in a sad tone.
Hessa Mohammed, a 24-year-old
government employee, insisted that
her father mention her wish to
continue working as one of the
terms on her marriage certificate.
Her husband Ahmed listed some
conditions in his future wife. one
of his conditions was for the future
wife to be a housewife. Ahmed was
disappointed by her decision to
continue to work and decided
to call off the wedding and divorce
her on the same day.
Emirati husbands prohibiting
their wives from going to work
is a common issue in the culture
of the United Arab Emirates; most
men ask their families to search
for unemployed women to marry
rather than employed. Also, in
many cases, an Emirati man would
ask his future spouse to stop
working after marriage and if she
did not agree to his terms, he would
search for someone who is willing.
This is an issue for educated
29

30
women, as most of them prefer
working and depending on themselves
rather than depending on
their husbands. Some women try
to convince their husbands to let
them work by offering to support
them financially or explaining that
it would help to change their daily
routines.
Mariam Al Hammadi, a 21-yearold
Emirati wife, voiced her opinion
about her husband. “When I got
married my husband put a list of
conditions, one was not working.
He believes since our financial
situation is good and stable, there
is no need for me to work.” Al
Hammadi also added that her
husband believes it is the man’s
duty to financially support the
family while the woman’s role is
restricted to being a housewife.
“My husband thinks that work is
limited to men as part of our customs
and traditions in the United
Arab Emirates.”
Basma Al Dahri, a mother of
four and a government employee,
explained her experience. “I wanted
to support my husband and my
children financially, so I asked my
husband to allow me to work.
However, I did not get any support
from his side. He refused the idea
for a couple of reasons; he was
worried about our children staying
at home while we were both away
and also believed that a married
woman’s career may lead to future
family problems.”
The UAE’s customs and traditions
are some of the main factors that
influence emirati men’s decisions.
In the past, men bore the responsibility
of supporting the family
financially. However, recently,
the Emirati society has started
to support women to complete
their education and go to work.
According to the labor force survey
published by the National Bureau
in 2009, about 54 percent of
Emirati employees were females
of which around 55 percent were
married. only about 22 percent of
Emirati females were housewives.
ACCoRDINg To THE
LABoR FoRCE
SURvEy PUBLISHED
By THE NATIoNAL
BUREAU IN 2009,
ABoUT 54 PERCENT
oF EMIRATI
EMPLoyEES WERE
FEMALES oF
WHICH ARoUND
55 PERCENT WERE
MARRIED.
Al Dahri believes women’s voices
are strongly heard nowadays.
“I convinced my husband of the
importance of going to work
and the positive impact of my
participation in taking care of the
family’s needs. He agreed to change
his decision, but under the terms
of dressing appropriately for work
and balancing my duties at home
as well.”
Afra Abdullah, an employee at
Dubai Police, believes men should
share their responsibilities with
their wives. “I consider my husband
an open-minded person who supports
my career. To him, a woman
who has completed her education
must work and put her education
to good use at some point in her
future. Maybe it’s because he
studied in the United States for
about ten years.”
Abdullah categorizes the UAE’s
society into three different
categories. The first category
includes people who support
working females and consider
them independent wives and
mothers. The second category
includes people who permit women
to go to work under certain conditions
such as working in an
all-female office or a school. Finally,
the third category includes families
who believe that work is off-limits
for a woman.
Nowadays, women occupy high
positions at the workplace and
compete with men in all fields.
Some seem to believe that this
presents a threat to the man’s role
in the society. A number of the
cases that were presented to the
Department of Reform at Dubai
Court revealed that some men
believe working women do not
respect their husbands.
Ahmed Ibrahim, a father and a
government employee, is of the
opinion that men refuse to let
their wives work for different
reasons. “A married woman needs
to be present full-time to take care
of the house chores and duties. She
also needs to always be available
for her children and husband. Work
also gives way for jealousy and
suspicion in a marriage, which
sometimes could lead to major
marital problems.”
Ibrahim only supports permitting
a married woman to have a career
in certain conditions. For instance,
he sees that the family of a working
mother should either be living in
her parents’ house or the house of
her in-laws in order for a relative to
be present to take care of the house
while she is away. “If the couple live

in an independent house, then the
husband should absolutely refuse
his wife’s career because she must
devote her time to him and the
children.”
He also thinks that the financial
situation of the family plays an
important role in the husband’s
decision. “If the man was well off,
then his wife should stay at home
and raise her children. But if the
man’s salary was too low and he
couldn’t support his family, then
the wife could support him by
working.”
Bu Sultan, a government employee,
seems to have a more biased point
of view when it comes to supporting
the family. “A married
woman’s perfect place is to stay
at home regardless of her education
level or her husband’s financial
situation.” However, he adds that
women should consider taking
jobs that are compatible with
their gender such as teaching the
holy quran, working in a nursery,
or teaching women the basics of
cooking. “But any job in the world
is not a good enough substitute
for a woman’s main job, which is
staying at home and taking care
of her children and her husband.”
Bu Sultan also mentioned that
religion and jealousy could both
be reasons why men refuse to let
their wives work. “For instance,
we don’t let our wives in Al Ain
drive a car. While the man is busy
at work, he might often worry
about who is going to take his
wife to work,” he explained.
According to Mohammed Abdulrahman,
Director of Personal
Cases Department at Dubai Courts,
the percentage of men who support
employed married women
is at its highest. “It reached 90
percent in recent years in Dubai.”
However, since divorce rates in
the Emirates are also on the rise,
there could be a possible connection
between the two issues.
Abdulrahman seems to also
believe that there is a connection
between the two as he mentioned
that some divorce cases were the
result of the husband agreeing to
let the wife work, but changing
his mind afterwards. This is why
the government is taking preventive
measures to decrease divorce
rates in the country. “Recently,
the role of educational and social
institutions has been to rehabilitate
young people for marriage and
practical life and to help avoid
divorce and imbalance between
couples in the UAE,” said
Mohammed.
The issue of married women
being prohibited to work is a
problem in the entire gulf region
and not just the UAE. The gulf
region shares similar customs and
traditions that make the career of
a married woman a controversial
subject. For instance, in Saudi
Arabia most men believe that
women should not be involved
in the workforce regardless of
their martial status because of
Islamic laws.
A study carried out in Saudi
Arabia in 2008 showed that 40
percent of Saudi men supported
women working after marriage in
social and education fields, while
on the other hand, 53 percent
refused to let their wives work.
Seventy percent of them did not
allow it because they claimed it
would affect the wife’s ability to
raise her children and take care of
household duties, and another 12
percent claimed the main reason
was traditions.
qassaam Mahmood, a married
Saudi man, personally does not
like the idea of women going to
work to pass their free time and
thinks that it is necessary to make
sure that the job does not affect
the family negatively. “The house
needs a great captain to take
responsibility and the woman
is made for that. I think that
children are the most important
part of a woman’s life, ” he said.
In kuwait, however, people seem
to be more open-minded when it
comes to working mothers and
wives. Talal Al qahtani, a married
kuwaiti man, explains that even
though most kuwaiti families are
well off, women do not seem to
face any resistance from their
husbands and do not mind working
for low salaries. “Because kuwaiti
women are very much interested
in fashion trends, they feel the need
to work and support themselves
financially and fulfill their requirements
independently. Also,
some women choose to work as
an excuse to leave the house and
meet new people,” said Al qahtani.
31

32
When marriage becomes
a business plan
Asma Obaid
People get married for many reasons. Sometimes it is a business agreement.
Using marriage for benefits. asma Obaid/HCt-Dubai, women’s Campus

In 2011, the number of marriages
between Emiratis and foreigners
increased greatly from 2010. The
number of marriages among Emiratis
was 104 000 contracts; 762
of them were between Emiratis
only, whereas 342 marriages were
between Emirati men and foreign
women.
There are many reasons to why
UAE citizens choose to marry
foreign women. Some people
believe it is the lower cost while
others believe it is because the
younger generation of Emiratis
is very much influenced by the
West. Nevertheless, there is a
new phenomenon appearing in
the UAE, which encourages young
men to marry foreign women;
trade marriage.
A trade marriage occurs when a
couple agrees to marry for mutual
benefits even though they do not
know each other; the benefits differ
depending on the needs and the
country they are in. For instance,
a foreign woman could ask a
local man to marry her and pay
him a certain amount of money in
exchange for gaining the country’s
citizenship. The couple in a trade
marriage does not share a real
marriage relationship and may
not even live under the same
roof; it is more like a business
arrangement.
The amount of money paid ranges
between 10,000 – 20,000 dirhams
or more. “I knew a foreign girl
who was living in the Uae. at first,
she was just a friend, but then she
asked me to marry her and offered
me 10,000 dirhams in exchange for
her to stay in the country; we are
married, but we don’t know anything
about each other,” said yahya,
an Emirati. Men consider this an
effortless source of income.
“SHE ASkED ME
To MARRy HER
AND oFFERED ME
10,000 DIRHAMS
IN ExCHANgE FoR
HER To STAy IN
THE CoUNTRy; WE
ARE MARRIED, BUT
WE DoN’T kNoW
ANyTHINg ABoUT
EACH oTHER,”
The police are trying to develop
solutions in order to stop the
issue of trade marriage before it
becomes an uncontrollable problem
that threatens the safety and
security of the country. Dubai Police
stated it is difficult to detect such
marriages as they are documented
legally in the court just as any other
normal marriage. However, they
also affirmed that they have their
own methods to investigate such
cases through confidential sources.
The police have arrested a number
of couples involved in trade marriages.
They banned the wife from
entering the country again and had
the husband go to court.
The general Directorate of Residency
allows the wife to obtain a
residency visa under the custody
of the husband whether the
couples were local or expatriates
as long as the husband is providing
a house and salary of at least
20 thousand dirhams, along with
other conditions that are imposed
by the administration.
young expat men may also accept
trade marriages in order to have a
place to live and avoid the government’s
rules. Therefore, because
single men are not allowed to live
in a neighborhood that is specified
for families only, they might sign
a marriage contract with a random
woman in order to qualify to live
in a family-only neighborhood.
“I was living in an apartment in
Sharjah for a long time and it was
very comfortable. After the mu-
nicipality asked me to evacuate the
apartment because the building
was for families only, I married
a girl I didn’t know and in return I
paid her AED 900 just so I could stay
in the apartment,” confessed A.S.
Just as A.S had to pay the woman
to remain in his building, many
others do the same to solve their
issues. Another issue occurred
with a foreign man who had a
maid with no residency; he convinced
his local friend to marry
the maid in order for her to get
legal residence and not lose her job.
“Citizens who have agreed to this
type of marriage don’t know or
think of the consequences; many
of the unknown partner may be
working illegally in the country
and it’s very dangerous,” says Um
Jasim, a social worker. Marriage
was created for two people to build
a family, have children and share
love and affection. Its goal is to
achieve social stability and safety.
33

34 EDUCATION
DWC High School
Rehab Al Suwaidi
the DwC High school is one of three hybrid education schools in the world. Fatima al Ghafli/HCt-Dubai, women’s Campus marketing
Styles of education are almost the same in every city of the UAE. DWC High School
asthonishes the UAE by introducing hybrid education!
Parents often wonder which
school is the most suitable for
their children; what school will
be the best choice? Is it going to
provide good education that will
support students in the future
or will they suffer from language
problems and continue to struggle
throughout their careers?
“I moved my daughter to two
different schools while she was
in the seventh grade in an attempt
to find a school with high qualifications
that would prepare her
for university. I’ve seen lots of
students struggling to pass the
Ielts during their first year at
university because of their weak
English language skills,” said Zainab,
parent of a high school student.
In order to have more high school
graduates who are prepared for
the instruction level of university,
Dubai Women’s College teamed
up with k12 Middle East to launch
a hybrid high school on the college
campus. DWC High School is
expected to open its doors
in September 2012 with 60
students from grades 9 to 12.
DWC High School is the second
high school to be established on
a university campus following

the School of george Washington
University in the United States. It
is also one of only three schools
in the world that provide hybrid
education.
Hybrid education is a virtual
learning system in which instructors
teach the students online
most of the time; classes with
face-to-face interaction take
place occasionally. “Their college
foundation year will be completed
while they are still in highschool,”
said Jeffrey Herr, head of k12
Middle East and principal of DWC
High School. one of the important
goals of this school is to prepare
students to be completely qualified
for a certain major without having
to take additional foundation
courses. “We expect the students
to be far above the entry level of
IELTS and SAT by the time they
graduate,” Herr adds.
The DWC school curriculum is
designed to be advanced and to
provide a language course in the
summer before the school year
starts. In addition, what makes
this school unique is that the students
are going to be taught and
assisted individually according
to their levels. “The students will
have to take a test before they are
admitted to the school in order
for us to have an idea about their
educational level and a mastery
online program will be prepared
for each student accordingly.”
He also mentioned that mentors
will always be present in the
classroom even during an online
tutoring session.
“We’ve compared tuition fees
of different private schools in
the region and chose a fee that
is average; partial scholarships
that reduce tuition costs are also
offered,” he clarified.
“I transferred my daughter from
a private school to a government
school as she faced difficulties
passing her English course due
to her weak English writing
skills. She was very good at
speaking English though,” said
Laila, a mother of a high schooler.
“I’m sure she will need to be
placed in a foundation year if she
goes to DWC or Zayed University,
otherwise, she’ll have to go to an
Arabic based university like the
Islamic Studies College.”
IT IS ALSo oNE
oF oNLy THREE
SCHooLS IN THE
WoRLD THAT
PRovIDE HyBRID
EDUCATIoN.
Shaima, an Emirati gynecologist
who attended a government
school, wishes this option was
available during her school years.
“when I first heard about DwC
High School, I wished to have had
the opportunity of joining when
I was young. Back when I was
in high school I got high grades
in English; however, when I went
to college to study medicine,
I had to take additional English
courses because my English
language wasn’t good enough.”
For Arabic and Islamic curriculums
that meet government standards,
Herr explained that the new High
school plans to hire qualified in-
structors who are capable of using
advanced technology+ to teach
Arabic and Islamic subjects online.
Despite the advantages the DWC
High School promises, some
parents are concerned about
having their children study on
a college campus because they
believe it might affect their
children negatively and introduce
College students behavior that
that does not match the age of
their daughters. Fatima Ahmad,
mother of a teenage student,
said, “Many college students have
boyfriends and wear skinny jeans
at college, which are things I don’t
want my daughter to be doing
when she makes new friends
at school.”
Addressing parents’ concerns,
Herr explained that the high
school students will be going
to the cafeteria, library and gym
with mentors and that they will
have their own specified areas.
“We want to respect the country’s
culture, which is why we chose
to take certain measures to make
sure that the students are in a
safe environment. Some of the
high school’s classes will take
place with college students to
help them with their educational
development, but there will always
be mentors present.”
With the opening of the DWC
High School, transfer students
from government schools are
going to have new opportunities
and extra-curricular activities
such as camps, educational clubs,
theater and other after-school
activities that will greatly improve
their leadership and social skills.
35

36
Educating maids
Maitha Hamdan
Recipe. Mohammed Al Marri/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
Maids’ rights; whose responsibility is it?
“It was late at night; everyone at
home was sleeping including the
maids. He knocked on my door
many times asking me to make him
coffee and I had no choice but to
listen to him. I felt something wasn’t
right when he started touching me
and I tried to move away and shout
for help, but no one was awake to
hear me. He then raped me twice
and threatened me to make sure
I wouldn’t tell anyone.” tells a
20-year-old maid from the Philippines
who was sexually abused
by her employer’s driver.
Many women come to the UAE to
work as maids, with the hope of
better opportunities and solutions
to their problems. Unfortunately,
most of them are not aware of the

importance of learning their rights
before they arrive to the country.
A survey of 86 maids showed that
85 percent of them were not aware
of what to do in the case of being
sexually harassed. Fifteen percent
said they would turn to their
employers for help if they were
abused by anyone.
The general Directorate of Residency
and Foreigners Affairs
published an official contract, which
showed both the servant’s and
employer’s rights and duties
towards each other; these contracts
regulate the relationship on both
sides to guarantee their rights. In
addition, the UAE offers full health
care to all servants to make sure
they remain fit throughout their job.
galila, a 19-year-old maid from
Ethiopia, worked for a foreign
family in kuwait for two years. She
had been sexually abused by her
employer and had no idea how to
react or who to tell. “one day, he
came back home early and I was
home alone. His wife was at work
at the time and he came to me and
started touching me; I ran away to
my room and locked the door until
his wife came home,” galila stated.
She also added that the situation
occurred repeatedly until he got the
chance to finally rape her and her
only solution was to run away.
“When I locked the door, all I could
think of was my family and how to
protect myself. I thought of telling
my boss’s wife about it, but I was
afraid I would lose my job.”
There are other similar stories
of maids who were physically
and sexually abused. Most of them
had no idea how to deal with the
situation as they had no access to
social services or any other help.
A SURvEy oF 86
MAIDS SHoWED
THAT 85 PERCENT
oF THEM WERE
NoT AWARE oF
WHAT To Do IN
THE CASE oF
BEINg SExUALLy
HARASSED.
FIFTEEN PERCENT
SAID THEy WoULD
TURN To THEIR
EMPLoyERS FoR
HELP IF THEy
WERE ABUSED
By ANyoNE.
Maid recruitment agencies are
typically where the servants meet
their employers. However, most
agencies in the country focus
mainly on bringing maids from
abroad and promising them good
payment without informing them
of the safety measures. “In the
beginning, we clarify to the client
the maid’s salary amount and
after the agreement is settled, we
notify the maid about the salary
proposal,” A Dubai-based agency
employee said. A maid from a local
agency confirmed. “the only thing
they told me was that I was going to
get paid 700 AED every month.” She
also added that she did not inquire
about anything else because it was
her first job and her only concern
was the salary.
Another survey showed that 69
percent of the agencies bring maids
and do not educate them about
their rights. Thus, the majority of
maids do not know what awaits
them. “If I had an idea about how
to protect myself, I wouldn’t
have been in that situation,” said
Eva, a 23-year-old maid from the
Philippines. An Ethiopian maid
who worked with Eva at the same
house, used to physically abuse her
and even tried to kill her. “She tried
to kill me many times until my boss
finally fired her,” eva added. If eva
had been informed about how to
respond and had access to social
services, she would not have stayed
quiet about the situation.
In addition to educating maids,
employers need to realize that
holidays, healthcare, and travel
tickets are all part of the maids’
rights and that they are obliged to
provide them. The general Directorate
of Residency and Foreigners
Affairs provides these rights for
maids, but the agencies typically
fail to inform them.
37

38 HEALTH
Children growing up with violence
Mariam Al Nuaimi
“Every child has the right to
grow up safe from harm and
should feel that those they love
are also protected. violence at
home shatters a child’s basic
right to feel safe and secure in
the world. Children need the
violence to stop,” Behind Closed
Doors: The Impacy of Domestic
violance on Children, a report
developed by UNICEF.
Mom
A devastated child. Mariam Al Nuaimi/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
Dad
A young child witnesses his father abusing his mother. He grows up to become just like
his father and the cycle continues!
A home for a child is their world;
they see it as their safe place,
their school, their playground
and most importantly it is where
their personality and character
are formed.
Although most parents may
think that a newborn or a toddler
does not understand much
of what happens around them,
children do pick up on emotions
and are startled by loud voices.
“A child is born with one fear,
fear of loud voices. Research
has proven that if a mother was
working in a loud environment
while pregnant, the baby would
suffer and be stressed,” stated
Dr. R. McCarthy, a clinical
psychologist with a Ph.D. in
counseling and development.

Children who witness or are exposed
to violence at home suffer
many challenges in their lives as
adults. Dr. Saliha Afridi, a family
and child psychologist, explains
“children become quite hypervigilant
from parental fighting.
Parents should be aware that
whether it’s verbal hostility or
aggressiveness, children pick up
on the negative wavelengths of
their parents.”
Studies have proven that children
who witness violence of any kind
are most likely to be affected by
it as adults either as victims or
they may inflict the same violence
in their relationships. A UNICEF
study finds that “as many as 275
million children worldwide are
exposed to violence in the homes.”
However, it is believed the number
is much higher than that as many
countries do not have data.
UNICEF believes millions more
are affected by violence in their
homes.
Children’s brains during the
early development years are
typically “becoming ‘hard-wired’
for later physical and emotional
functioning.” violence at homes
harms this development as
seen in Buthaina Mohammed, a
21-year-old Emirati student and
mother of two young daughters,
5-year-old Alia and 18-monthold
Maria. Mohammed is one of
the few parents who decided to
turn her childhood trauma into
a positive lesson on how to raise
her children, despite the fact
that studies have proven most
children follow their parents’
steps.
“I remember my mother and
father always fought even though
I was very young. one day my
father slapped my mother and I
was so shocked, it affected my
speech development. I didn’t
start talking until I was 5 years
old and that was after my mother
and aunt took me to see a child
psychologist,” Mohammed says.
She says her childhood experience
has made her a better parent.
“I have learned to avoid fighting
in front of my kids because I
know how it feels as a child
and I recall the fear that I felt.
Parents should learn how to
provide their kids with a healthy
environment and try to be good
examples.”
“THESE CHILDREN
gRoW UP WITH
LACk oF SELF
CoNFIDENCE AND
SoME LIE AND
STEAL.
IT’S THE WAy
THEy PRoTECT
THEMSELvES.”
Many of the emotional traumas
start to show when individuals
enter their teenage years and
adulthood; this is when most people’s
personalities and characters
start to form. As they grow up,
they may become bullies or isolate
themselves from the rest of the
world. “These children grow up
with lack of confidence and some
lie and steal. It’s the way they
protect themselves,” notes Arwa
Saif, a counselor at Al Ittihad
Private School. Also, a study in
Australia has shown that “up to
40 percent of chronically violent
teenagers have been exposed
to extreme domestic violence,”
(UNICEF).
Teenagers who come from
violent homes face serious
emotional and social damage. The
feeling of social isolation and the
inability to make friends has been
noted to add to the social discomfort
and confusion that these kids
feel. “It affects their attitudes, they
become aggressive and withdrawn.
When they are older they need
therapy; some leave home and
don’t want to come back,” affirms
Dr. McCarthy.
Many studies show that these
children are more likely to be
involved in fights at school and in
public. “When we see our students
misbehave at school, we try
to bring them out of these habits
and build their confidence by
integrating them into projects that
require them to be leaders,” says
Saif. She explains that the goal
of this method of teaching is to
help them learn how to stand up
for themselves and take charge
ensuring that by the time they
graduate they are confident young
people who areable to socialize
with others.
“They turn out wounded, they
might be successful academically
and in their careers, but relationship-wise
they are wounded. They
can be successful in different areas
of life, but emotionally they are
wounded. They either become
like their parents or become
the other extreme and try to
save someone else who in their
eyes needs to be saved. They like
to rescue people,” Dr. McCarthy
remarked.
39

40
Living healthy
Sahar Al Khatib
People complain of diseases and health problems constantly whether they are 15 or 50.
Don’t they know that healthy living is the real fountain of youth?
Healthy breakfast. Sahar Al khatib/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus

good health is significant to our
daily lives because of its beneficial
outcomes. It can be achieved
through proper diet plans and
physical workout. Health is the
state of functional and metabolic
efficiency of a person in which
the mind, body, and spirit are
free from physical, emotional,
or mental disorders.
Diets consist of a specific quality
and quantity of food that should
be consumed adhering to a regular
routine. “of course diets are not
suitable for individuals under 18
years of age because they cause
side effects, as during these years
they are going through hormonal
changes. Some of the adverse
effects include the increase of
micronutrients, body minerals,
and lowering the Iq,” said Dr.
Wafa Ayesh, Director of Clinical
Nutrition DHA. Such individuals
should follow a healthy lifestyle
and professional advice.
For adults, diets are highly recommended
in order to balance
daily body requirements. Diets
can be classified into two forms:
therapeutic and non-therapeutic
diets.
Because of the complexity involved
in choosing diets, the Ministry
of Health has instituted the
following measures as explained
by Dr. Ayesh. “The Ministry of
Health has initiated awareness
campaigns in schools and health
institutions about healthy living.
Pregnant women at Rashid
Hospital are educated about pre
and post pregnancy and child
healthcare.” Mothers are asked
to be role models to their children,
especially in the selection
of food. “Mothers are encouraged
to include vegetables in daily
meals because they contain
essential vitamins. Junkfood like
colored foods, lollipops and all
types of candy should be avoided
and their consumption should be
regulated because they have no
nutritional value to the body and
cause several disorders.”
FoR ADULTS , THE
BEST ExERCISE
SHoULD BE THEIR
FAvoRITE SPoRTS
ACTIvITy BECAUSE
THEy WILL Do IT
WITH PASSIoN AND
CoNSISTENCy
Exercise is a physical activity
that is planned, structured, and
follows a routine with the aim
of enhancing different parts of
the human body. It also improves
health, maintains fitness, and
acts as a physical rehabilitation.
The best exercises for kids
include park activities like rope
skipping, ball games and swimming
during summer. Children
should not be involved in any
gym activities because they are
strenuous and could damage
their muscle tissues. For adults,
the best exercise should be their
favorite sports activity because
they will do it with passion and
consistency.
exercising is beneficial to everyone
in several ways. The most
notable ones include control of
body weight, enhancing energy
levels, improvement of mood, and
regulation of heart conditions
and diseases. In addition, exercise
promotes better sleep, improves
sex life and can also be a fun
activity. For maximum efficiency,
60 minutes of exercise everyday
is encouraged and the best timings
are 30 minutes between 8 am to
10 am and 30 minutes between 8
pm to 10 pm at least three times
a week. In addition to these steps,
adequate water intake should be
encouraged to avoid dehydration,
depending on the weight of
a person; 35 milliliters of water
per 1 kilogram of weight.
A healthy diet plan and regular
exercise together keep the body
in good physical condition for
a healthy future.
41

42
Steroids and the youth
Abdulla Al Shaiba
Steroids and amino acids. Abdulla Al Shaiba/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
Taking steroids to enhance physical appearance is another destructive trend among
the youth.
It seems that physical appearance
matters more than health.
Teenagers are increasingly taking
steroids to change the physical
appearance of their bodies with
quick results and without learning
about risks.
A steroid is an organic compound
that contains cycloalkane rings,
which are connected to each
other. There are three types of
steroids: anabolic, androgenic,
and cortico. These three are subdivided
into other types of steroids.
The anabolic steroid, which is the
most commonly used steroid,
is derived from the testosterone
hormone and helps develop
protein cells in the muscles.
Androgenic steroids contain
testosterone, which helps in
building a masculine shape, while
cortico steroids are inflammatory
in nature and are used for several
purposes such as the treatment
of allergies, asthma, kidney
problems, and eczema.
Steroids are mostly consumed

y young males to enhance their
physical appearance. With their
global widespread use and in-
creased popularity comes a mostly
ignored the fact that steroids can
be extremely dangerous when used
without approval from a health
professional.
There are many disorders associated
with the consumption of
steroids such as liver problems,
cancer, and kidney failure. Steroids
are also harmful for the cardiovascular
system of the human
body and may result in internal
bleeding in some cases. They
also cause hormonal imbalances
and could cause psychological
problems.
The major side effects of androgen
steroids for men include blood
clotting, difficulty in urinating,
male pattern balding, decreased
sperm production, impotence,
hypertension, high cholesterol,
heart attack, risk of kidney disease,
and mental disorders. It also causes
health problems among women
like enlargement of the clitoris,
loss of body curves, deepening
of the voice, menstrual problems,
and irreversible pattern baldness.
Due to the extreme side effects
of steroids, young people need
to be aware of the risks and dangers
to their bodies. This can be done
by parents, doctors, and most
importantly, gym instructors in
order to ensure young people’s
wellbeing and safety. The youth
also need to understand that
steroids do not make them more
successful athletes as it is considered
cheating and an unethical
way of developing the body.
Bodybuilding is an exercise that
helps muscle growth; however, it
has now become a form of compe-
tition. Since bodybuilding requires
hardcore exercise, muscular
contraction and muscular sculpting,
many people feel the need to use
steroids for advanced results. It
is difficult to judge, in most cases,
whether the body builder is truly
a natural builder or not.
“ALTHoUgH I kNoW
THAT oNE DAy
SoMETHINg WILL
EvENTUALLy go
WRoNg, I CAN’T
SToP. STERoIDS
To ME ARE LIkE
CIgARETTES To A
SMokER; I SIMPLy
CAN’T qUIT.”
Ahmed, a coach and a gym owner,
revealed his experience with
steroids. He participated in sports
competitions in the 90’s and was
doping at least three months before
each tournament. Although he
used steroids for a short period,
it had a huge impact on his health.
“During the mid 90’s we started
seeing attractive body shapes in
Hollywood movies like Arnold
Schwarzenegger who won the title
of Mr. olympia at that time. I was
going to the gym and training for
months without any results, until
later, a student arrived from the
States and told us his secret; steroids.
I started taking them without
instructions until I suffered
a serious injury in 2001, which
stopped me from working out for
a year and a half. During my time
off from bodybuilding, I started
experiencing sharp pain in my
back, which worsened each day.
I finally went to the hospital and
received the shocking news that
I had kidney disease. I couldn’t
believe what I was told because
my food and lifestyle were always
healthy. That was when I decided
to stop taking steroids and thankfully
my condition has improved.”
Another example is Nasser, a 25-
year-old bodybuilder, who joined
the gym two years ago and currently
has huge biceps and a buff
chest. “I only take proteins and
amino pills,” Nasser said jokingly.
“After a full year of exercise, I didn’t
notice any development in my body.
on the other hand, my friend who
had recently joined the gym experienced
improvements in his
figure. I asked my coach about the
reason and he answered with one
word, ‘steroids.’ at first, I abstained,
but with time, the guys at the gym
started recommending pills and
proteins. I finally stopped protesting
when they told me that I was
going to spend the rest of my life
training without any improvement.
Reading about the risk factors of
steroids did not stop me; the first
two months I started to notice acne
on my body and a rapid heart rate.”
Nasser also explained that he
knows his decision will affect his
health in the future, but claims
to be happy for the time being.
“Although I know that one day
something will eventually go
wrong, I can’t stop. Steroids to
me are like cigarettes to a smoker;
I simply can’t quit.”
43

44 CAREER
Cleaning tools used at home. khulood Mohamed/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
ONE-DAY DIARY:
Would you switch roles with your housekeeper?
Khulood Mohamed
Dear Diary,
Today I’m going through a new
experience as a young Emirati
woman. I’m wondering about the
tasks that I’ll be fulfilling. I have
seen Rowena working for nine
years; she became a member
of our family.
The Text Message “Tuesday night’
It all began when I texted Rowena
asking her to write down her duties
as a housekeeper for Wednesday,
which are going be my duties for
that day.
“Hello Rowena, could you please
write down your duties for

tomorrow? I wish you a lovely
day off. good night.”
Wednesday morning: “B+”
I woke up around 6:35 AM and
went to our yard holding the
broom. The smell of the trees was
filling the air with the sounds
of chirping birds in the atmosphere.
But all that disappeared
as soon as the sunrise began and
all I could think of was when was
I going to finish the task. It’s a task
I have never done before; I mean
can you believe it?
While I’m cleaning the yard, all
the tiredness started to show up
and I knew my cheeks were starting
to get red. Suddenly, a positive idea
came to mind, which was “I might
get a tan today!”
Around 45 minutes passed and
I was finally done with the first
task. So I went to the kitchen and
had a refreshing glass of cold water
with ice, which gave me just the
prefect feeling of victory after
accomplishing my first duty.
However, I noticed while I was
cleaning that many thoughts were
crossing my mind and things
started mixing up through my
brain, like some issues I was
worried about. “Does this happen
to Rowena everyday? I don’t know,
but I’m sure she thinks of something
because the place is too quiet
and it makes you think and wonder
about so many things,” I thought
to myself.
The Turkish coffee queen
Now I was going to start my second
task; I knocked on all the doors to
wake the “princesses” up for their
work. “Wake up,” I kept saying in
each room more than three times
and thought to myself, “How many
times does Rowena usually do
this?” It was extremely boring!
I thought that the task of waking
everyone up was going to be easy,
but after the “queen and her
daughters” woke up they surprised
me with unexpected orders.
AFTER My DAy oF
HARD WoRk AT
HoME, I BELIEvE
EvERyoNE SHoULD
WoRk oN HoUSE
CHoRES AS A
FAMILy AND A TEAM
AND AT LEAST
APPRECIATE THE
HoUSEkEEPERS’
RoLE.
“khulood, is my Turkish coffee
ready?” the queen asked.
“Turkish coffee? No!” I answered,
and immediately went to take
a quick look at Rowena’s duties
list, but Turkish coffee was not
included.
They kept on yelling, “khulood,
get my shoes from upstairs!”
“khulood, I forgot my laptop, bring
it!” I kept thinking, “Seriously!
That’s annoying.” However, I had
to do it.
I went to the kitchen and made
the Turkish coffee the same way
I make Arabic coffee, but un-
fortunately the queen did not like
it! “That’s not Turkish coffee, I can
tell from the taste.” So, we went
back to the kitchen where I was
taught how to make that famous
Turkish coffee.
Time was passing slowly; it was
only 8:25 am. According to the
list, it was time to prepare breakfast,
and even though the eldest
princess didn’t usually eat breakfast,
she took advantage of seeing
me working instead of Rowena and
insisted on breakfast that day.
And yes,I had to accept any and
all orders.
She asked me with a smirk on
her face: “What did you make for
breakfast?”
“Cornflakes with fresh milk,”
I answered.
“That’s good, I’m leaving now,
goodbye,” she said.
I knew that she was just making
sure I prepared something for
her and for a moment I felt like
“Cinderella” with her evil stepsister!
Cinderella is cleaning!
Two main tasks were achieved with
many unexpected orders. My third
task was to clean the area upstairs,
which consisted of four bedrooms
and one living room. At 9:30 am,
I started with the living room. While
cleaning the rooms, I wondered:
“Why couldn’t she return the towel
to its place in the bathroom?”or
“Is it so hard to pick up that empty
cup of tea and return it to the
kitchen?” The simplest and smallest
details were annoying me. Also,
cleaning the bathrooms was really
difficult. I emptied the trash and
disinfected the toilets and bathtubs,
which was very tiring. I success-
45

46
fully cleaned all rooms except for
one; I couldn’t because there was
a sleeping princess who refused
to wake up.
I sat on the couch, stared at the
clock, and was surprised to see
that it was only 11:05 AM! I had
no more energy left; it felt as if
I had lost two kilos after an hour
and a half of continuous work.
I decided to take a nap even
though that’s probably not something
Rowena would do since she
is used to doing the same work
everyday.
New chef
I woke up and it was lunchtime
already; I don’t know why it felt
like I’d been sleeping the whole
day. My body was exhausted, I had
a bad headache, and of course I had
Panadol pills ready just in case I
needed them. I checked Rowena’s
list. It was time to go the kitchen.
I started checking the ingredients
to see what I could cook. I personally
love cooking, but the worst
part was cutting the onions! I made
penne pasta with pink sauce and
chicken cream soup. It was 2:35
PM and the princesses were back
and ready to eat.
After half an hour, “that was really
yummy khulood, you should cook
every day,” the eldest princess
said. The youngest agreed and my
facial expressions showed how
I relieved I was. I was really proud
of myself and started to see my
future as a good housewife. The
most important thing was that
I was finally praised for my house
chores. It felt so good.
After having my lunch, I walked
into the kitchen for a big surprise;
the kitchen looked like a hurricane
had hit it. I had to wash all the
plates and clean up the mess.
I was finally done and had the
chance to rest and have a cup
of tea. I felt fatigued even though
it was only my first day. I kept on
asking myself the same question
over and over again, “How could
Rowena handle all this stress?”
Glass of water
The prince was back and he was
sitting on his favorite couch playing
games with his school bag on
the floor and all his belongings
scattered everywhere. He started
calling for Rowena, but she wasn’t
at home.
“What do you want from her?”
I asked.
“I want water, ” he responded.
I started thinking, “Does he do
this everyday?” “ you can get the
glass of water yourself!” I said
with an angry tone.
“ok I will, why are you screaming?”
the prince replied.
Rowena of course would never
ask any of us to get our own
glass of water. After that, I went
to the supermarket and bought
necessities for the house and then
returned home to prepare dinner.
At around 9:30 PM dinner was
ready; I made burgers and banana
juice. Suddenly, Rowena entered
the house, “How was it?” she asked.
“Honestly, it’s not easy,” I replied.
The last task
Here I was in the kitchen again
washing the dishes and when
I was done I immediately went
to the washing machine and
washed everyone’s clothes. The
task was easy, but I was really
tired and I ended up mixing colors
because I wasn’t paying attention.
No one can appreciate Rowena
like I do after actually doing her
job for one day!
Good night
It was 10:45 pm and I kept thinking
about what I did the whole
day. It might sound easy, but in
fact it was extremely exhausting;
any job that requires you to work
the whole day is not fun. I still might
not understand how Rowena feels
about working in a place far away
from her house and family, but
I can make her feel at home and
try to be her family. I then remembered
the princesses saying lovely
words about my cooking, “So, nice
words do make a difference and
I will make sure Rowena hears
compliments everyday,” I thought.
After my day of hard work at home,
I believe everyone should work
on house chores as a family and
a team and at least appreciate the
housekeepers role.
good Night.

48
PERSONALITY
National champions
Hessa Falaknaz
Saif Al Dabal. Photo source: Sonia Al Hashimi, UAE Down Syndrome Association
on a normal day at the mall, you pass by a family and see a member with special needs
walking along with them. Some people glance and others stare, yet they do not know
that that person is actually special by his accomplishments and not only his needs.
Nowadays, we hear often about
parents who neglect their children
and abandon them for many
different reasons; many stories
have been published in newspapers
and magazines about children
being neglected by society and
deprived from living their childhood
dreams. The following
are profiles of two successful
Emiratis, who have won numerous
championships and accomplished
far more than the average Emirati
could.
“I am a champion!” These are the
words of Saif Al-Dabal, a passionate
and confident 25-year-old emirati,
as he described himself.
Al-Dabal is an award-winning
Emirati champion who participated

in several athletic competitions,
not only locally but also across the
Middle East. He started swimming
when he was only two years old
and participated in swimming
championships when he turned
14. “I got very excited when I
achieved this medal. It made my
day,” he said, explaining that the
day he was awarded a gold medal
in the Regional Championship held
in Syria in 2010 was the happiest
day of his life.
“My daily life is interesting because
I do many things I love,” he said.
according to al-Dabal, the five
things he cannot live without are
going to the cinema, singing, playing
sports, eating, and of course
being around his mother and his
family. Just recently, Al-Dabal was
casted as an actor for a kuwaiti
series that is expected to air during
Ramadan. He acted with famous
actors from the gulf, which is one
of the things he always wanted
to do and finally achieved with
determination.
Rashid Saeed Al-Marzouqi is a
26-year-old Emirati who works
as an administrative assistant
in the Community Development
Authority. His initial job was to
prepare paperwork and answer
phone calls until he later got
promoted to take on more challenging
tasks and receive a higher
salary. Dubai government Excellence
Program honored Al-Marzouqi
in the category of Unsung Heroes.
“It was hard for me to work in
the beginning, but now I have no
problems doing my job,” he said
with high spirits. Al-Marzouqi is
a very social person; he dreamt
of working as a public relations
officer. He also loves to join conferences
and to communicate with
other people. “I’ve always wanted
to be like Sheikh Mohammed Bin
Rashid Al-Maktoum, because he
is an ambitious person and has
a vision for Dubai’s future.”
With his modest salary, newly
married Al-Marzouqi did not
struggle much during his wedding
preparations. “People were curious
about how I would handle my
wedding expenses, but I didn’t
see a problem.” He explained that
he wanted people to understand
and to be aware of the things that
might bother him.
“I MIgHT NoT BE
PERFECT, BUT THAT
DoES NoT MEAN
I AM DISABLED...
WHEN goD CLoSES
oNE DooR, HE
oPENS ANoTHER.”
These successful men stepped
out of their comfort-zone and
were not discouraged by the
thoughts of the people around
them. Al-Dabal and Al-Marzouqi
are considered challenged, not
only with Down syndrome and
cerebral palsy, but also with the
negative behavior of the people
surrounding them. Sonia Al-
Hashimi, Al-Dabal’s mother and
the Chairperson of the UAE Down
Syndrome Association, treated
her son like a normal child, took
him out with her wherever she
went and did not pay attention
to the negative things people had
to say about her son.
Al-Dabal has a very energetic
personality and big dreams. “I
want to live in an apartment alone
and sing my lungs out without
anyone interfering,” he explained.
What he wants more than anything
is to be independent and self-reliant.
“I can’t wait to wake up every
Tuesday morning and go to work
at the office.” He currently goes for
training at the Shangri-La Hotel
offices in Dubai and dreams about
having his own driver’s license
as well as working at the office
of Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid
Al-Maktoum.
Al-Marzooqi’s mother was always
there for him. She encouraged him
to work and socialize with other
people. “My mother always asked
me to go out and to live my life
like I am supposed to. ‘Enjoy
being who you are,’ she always
told me,” said Al-Marzooqi. He is
passionate about learning different
things in life. In addition to being
a loving son, a kind husband and
a hard worker, Al-Marzouqi won
the title of the First Ambassador
for People With Disabilities in 2006.
Al-Marzouqi suffers from cerebral
palsy that is caused by brain damage;
he has weak muscles, which
allow him to only walk slowly
and with the support of crutches.
Despite his condition, Al-Marzouqi
has proved that he can work
hard and is qualified to work in
any environment. “Before joining
work I was at the Dubai Center for
Special Needs for 23 years, which
is why it was hard for me to get
used to the work environment and
its challenges. I might not be
perfect, but that does not mean
I am disabled. I have talents that
people might not recognize;when
god closes one door, he opens
another.”
49

50
khadija Al Bastaki, a successful DWC graduate. Photo source: khadija Al Bastaki
Graduate profile: a view from the top
Eman Al Ali
A closer look at the life of a successful Emirati female; khadija Al Bastaki.
khadija Al Bastaki is the Senior
Regional Manager of America
and Africa at Jafza (Jebel Ali Free
zone). She is a Dubai Women’s
College software engineeringgraduate
who continued her studies
and was awarded an Executive
MBA in Strategic Management
from the Abu Dhabi Men’s College.
Khadija Al Bastaki on the spot
There are various characteristics
that describe Al Bastaki’s personality,
life, and dreams. one of the
key features that highlights her
personality is her ambition and
constant striving for the best.
“My father used to work in the
United States and my childhood
dream was to work abroad too.”
This goal pushed her to do her
best and motivated her to work
harder; one of her major accomplishments
was balancing her
time between working in Jebel
Ali and studying in Abu Dhabi.
Al Bastaki is an individual who
cherishes independence, a characteristic
that hepled her accomplish
successful career growth.
She is also socially involved with
the environment around her and
does not like to shut herself off
from new opportunities as she
enjoys helping people and

providing them with assistance
whenever she has the chance. Al
Bastaki also enjoyed participating
and contributing to various
events while being a student such
as presenting, acting and organizing
events and ceremonies.
“Although I had these interests
since I was a child, I preferred
to keep them as hobbies only.”
The role of education in
Al Bastaki’s career
Al Bastaki was awarded a
Bachelor degree in software
engineering from Dubai
Women’s College in 2005. She
believes her education life was
full of challenges and experiences.
Al Bastaki’s classmates were the
first graduates who were allowed
to practice their work placement
abroad. “During my work exper-
ience, I was exposed to an international
workplace, IBM Cairo
in Egypt, and this international
exposure lead to many career
opportunities,” she said.
The experience of traveling alone
to another country provided
her with many opportunities.
This contributed to making her
develop strong communication
skills and interpersonal characteristics.
Al Bastaki’s family
supported her to continue her
studies and build her skills. They
her the inspiration to continue
her higher education and achieve
her executive MBA in Strategic
Management in 2010 while
also working for Jafza.
Climbing the career ladder
After completing her work
placement at IBM in Egypt, Al
Bastaki worked at Dubai Port
World for a year as a sales
executive. In 2007, she started
working for Jafza, where she
climbed up the career ladder
from sales executive to deputy
manager of Commercial Sales. The
main duty of her current position is
to promote Dubai as a global business
hub, which requires her to be
a frequent traveler to different parts
of the world.
“I AM RESPoNSIBLE
FoR CREATINg
My oWN FUTURE
By FACINg My
PRoBLEMS
AND LookINg
FoRWARD To THE
BEST To FULFILL
My DREAMS.”
In addition, one of Al Bastaki’s
dreams is to be a role model for
Emirati females and to be their
representative in foreign countries.
Presenting the best to the world
led her to attract the interest of
major investors to set up in the
free zone. Al Bastaki family had
concerns regarding her regular
travel commitments especially
since that her work commitments
constantly result in her missing
family events and weddings.
Achieved milestones
Being an active member of her
community, Al Bastaki enjoys
participating in different social
events as a volunteer. Al Bastaki
enrolled as a volunteer of Architectural
Heritage Society in 2003 to
become a part of the breast cancer
awareness and donations campaign,
which took place in all seven emirates.
She also participated as a member
of F1 Dubai Women Auto Race Club,
Toastmasters Club, Emirates Science
Club, and Speakers.ae.
Al Bastaki’s future plan
“Learn from the past, watch the
present, and create the future.”
AlBastaki says she considers the
saying as a guide on how to live
her life. “I am responsible for
creating my own future by facing
my problems and looking forward
to the best to fulfill my dreams,”
she added. Al Bastaki aims to continue
her studies and is planning
on achieving a degree in Logistics
and Supply Chain Management.
Moreover, she expresses her goal
to be a public speaker.
Her advice to DWC students:
“Each person has hidden capabilities
which need to be discovered,”
Al Bastaki says, highlighting
that going to college and receiving
a proper education is the
main source for developing one’s
career and that it contributes to
shaping the students’ future.
51

52 FICTION
young boy in a Turkish village. Photo source: Saad Al Saadi

Joory
Salma Al Saadi
An imaginative young Emirati girl chases her dreams on a journey of self-discovery.
Another day at my university was
just like any other, boring and dull.
All I do is daydream, my favorite
lazy hobby. I can picture myself on
a desk frustrated and thinking very
hard to make a decision regarding
a huge dilemma in my firm. “I need
this to be submitted on Saturday
not later than 11:59am!” were my
professor’s last words on my way
out of my first class of the day and
three more to go. Less than 150
days left and I would be an official
Bachelor degree graduate. How I
longed for that day to come to unleash
my soul and decide my path
into the gates of the “real” life.
Walking past the corridors on the
campus I stop in front of the
bulletin board. Stacked on top of
each other I rarely find a flyer that
attract me, but as curious as I am,
I have to stop and scan each one to
avoid the unlikely event of missing
out on any news, or worse, hearing
it from somebody else weeks later.
“Do you have what it takes to run
16km?” was the heading of a small
flyer hidden under a “math Club”
contest flyer. By participating in this
race, half of the expenses paid for
the trip would be donated to help
uneducated children. Apart from
the noble cause that encouraged me
to join the trip, three other reasons
crossed my mind that support my
decision to participate in the race:
travel, knowledge, and independence.
This is what I really need
“oTHER
CoUNTRIES, LIkE
BANgLADESH AND
CHINA HAvE THE-
HIgHEST
ILLITERATE
NUMBER oF
ADULTS AND THE
PRogRESS IS
ExCRUCIATINgLy
SLoW
before graduating, enjoying my last
few months as a student. Being a
student isn’t only about studying
and getting A’s; it’s about learning
new things everyday in or out of
the class. Holding this memory will
make me look back and smile, “I
accomplished something!”
“The campaign describes many
factors to attract tourists, but what
type of audience will respond
most? Joory?” Professor Salam
asked me, noticing my distracted
gaze. I wake up from a captivating
dream embarrassed by his accusing
stare and struggle to come up with
a response. “People with passion,”
I replied, half relating to myself and
half hoping that it would suit the
question I barely heard. Professor
Salam nodded with a smile and
carried on explaining how Australia
can determine which type of tourists
will rank first.
Driving back home my phone rings,
“Hello.”
“Hi Joory! How is it going?” Manal
asks on the other end.
“What do you think about the
marathon trip? Awesome right.
Don’t you just love it when I find
sweet deals like this one?! Listen
you have to talk to your father
pronto!”
“Are you really considering this?”
Manal questions me with astonishment.
“of course!” I reply.
“I didn’t think you’d take it seriously.
And you can donate for
uneducated children from Dubai.
Plus who wants to run for 18
kilometers?” answers Manal.
“I would!” I fire back at her.
“Honestly I don’t think it’s a good
idea and if you feel you have enough
money for a lame, pointless trip, I
think we should consider London
instead.”
Manal’s words create silence.
I end the conversation hoping to
53

54
think clearly about her words.
I have to focus on what to say to
my parents and how to broach the
subject without ambushing them.
going down the stairs I catch a
whiff of the mesmerizing chicken
biryani and breathe deeply. I’m
definitely going to miss this meal
while running in Turkey. Laughing
at myself, I walk to the dining table
where my family has just started
eating. I feel blessed for having two
very understanding parents who
would support anything that would
benefit me. sometimes, however,
they worry too much.
“Mom. Dad. I have an announcement
to make.” I start slowly,
“growing up I felt I was the luckiest
girl in the world. you never refused
a request of mine.”
“What is it darling?” my mother
asked. I look at both of them and
start telling them about the flyer
that will change my life.
“That is impossible my dear, you
cannot go by yourself”
“Please, Mom, I have to do this, it’s
a life changing experience! Dad!
Talk to her!”
“We will have to think about it
more darling, I can’t just agree
without talking more about it.”
“Fine, I have to leave now!”
Later on, I met Manal at a small,
quiet café close by. She was sitting
in the corner by the window
working on her laptop with a coffee
mug clutched in her hand. I make
my way through the tables and
sit in front of her with a serious
expression, ready to give her “the
talk.” Manal stares up in surprise
and laughs. I smile back and order
mixed berries juice for myself.
“Manal. What are you doing?”
“Researching,” Manal replies.
“you obviously know why I’m here.
I mean you can’t possibly think that
I would let it be and forget about it!”
Manal starts laughing hard, “I’m
coming. I’m coming.”
“Are you kidding me?!” I scream.
She catches her breath and says,
“After our conversation on the
phone I thought about it for a while.
I wouldn’t let you go all by yourself.
Plus, I can do a bit of shopping!”
I gather myself and reply, “you can’t
imagine how happy I am. I could
cry.” Manal starts laughing again.
“But Manal, the problem is that my
mother sounded unsure about the
trip. She’s still thinking about it, I’m
just keeping my hopes up.”
Finally, my mother is confident that
I’m old enough to take care of
myself. All packed and ready to
go I tuck in some last minute
toiletries in the sides of my suitcase.
“There’s not much time,” my
dad yells from down stairs. Phone
check. Passport and ticket check.
Camera check.
Manal! I forgot to call her! I call
Manal to make sure she’s ready
since she tends to be late. I call
her and wait.
“Hey Joory. Where are you? Have
you left yet?”
“I’m on my way Manal. What
about you? Are you done
packing?”
“I’ll get into the car now.”
I feel relieved, “okay, see you there”
What am I going to do there once
I’m in Turkey? Am I going to like
it? of course I will; it’s something
new that I haven’t tried before. I
come out of my reverie to the
announcement, “Welcome to
Istanbul!”
In the hotel room, I call my parents
to let them know I arrived
safely. The hotel room wasn’t big,
but neat and tidy, contemporary
and adequate. I started unpacking
my things and prepared myself
for exploring the city before our
lunch with the group and the race
committee. getting ready to leave
the hotel room, I found Manal
sleeping. She probably didn’t
sleep much during the flight.
Cobblestone streets, restaurants
and hotels, and grocery stores
displaying all sizes of luggage told
me the area is touristic. only tour
buses and taxis were allowed to
drive down the street. It felt safe
considering I had heard that theft
was common in this country, but
what country doesn’t have crime?
People should be careful wherever
they are. I walk around browsing
the shops. They have local sweets
in different colors and sizes; I
should get some for my Mom. on
my way back to the hotel, I stopped
at a grocery store to get snacks for
later.
“Manal. Manal. Manal. Wake up!
We have to go meet with the
Istanbul Race Committee for
introduction and registration.
We’ll even get t-shirts and numbers.
Come on, they’re all downstairs
waiting.”
In the lobby I see our chaperone,

Ms. Headly; she smiles and waves
at me. “This is Mr. Bayroon from the
Istanbul Race Committee. He will be
guiding us with three other groups
in the race.”
Tall, in his 50’s, small light brown
eyes, curly hair, long nose, a thick
mustache and an ex-tour guide, Mr.
Bayroon seemed like a nice man.
“Hello, my name is Joory. very nice
to meet you.”
He nodded back in acknowledgement
and responded in moderate
English, “Thank you, Joory. I will tell
you today what you will do in the
Istanbul Race once the of the group
is here.”
In the box behind him, he grabbed
t-shirts and proudly handed one to
each of us with a broad smile on his
face. “Tomorrow at 7:00 am please.
All come to Bosphorus Bridge
to start stretching and take our
places,” were Mr. Bayroon’s last
words before we left the hotel for
traditional Turkish lunch.
In the hotel lobby, Ms. Headly
started talking to us about our
plans, “Tomorrow is the Istanbul
Race supporting uneducated
children. you shouldn’t forget that
this is the main reason we are all
here. Do not forget your t-shirts,
number tags, and running shoes.
We’re running 16 km. Tomorrow
will be a very long day and I’m sure
all of us didn’t get enough sleep. So
we will all go to bed early keeping
in mind we will leave the hotel at
6:30 am sharp. Be in the lobby at
6:15 am.”
My alarm went off at 5:55 am. It’s
race day. I get up keeping my eyes
shut and found my way to the toilet.
I try to resist morning as much as
I can. I had a quick cold shower
to erase sleepiness. I check my
backpack in case I forgot somethig.
I turned on all the lights, opened
the curtains, and shouted, “Manal,
wake up!” I put on my race gear and
rushed down for express breakfast
at 6:15. Eating my cereal as fast as
possible, I asked the waiter to call
our room to wake Manal up. He
came back in a few minutes with
no answer.
I rushed upstairs and opened our
room door wide to find manal
sleeping like a baby. I stared at her
in disbelief. What was she thinking?
We’d talked about this before sleeping
and this was what the whole
trip was about. She doesn’t listen
to anyone, but herself and the main
reason behind joining the trip was
for fun. I admire her strong character
and confidence. she’s used to
traveling alone and doing what she
pleases. Like me, she’s an only child,
but without a mother.
At the meeting area, Mr. Bayroon
used a microphone so all of us
could hear his instructions.
I was not listening; I was looking
around at the huge number of
people. There were old women
with teenage girls and boys or
little boys with their parents. The
gunshot sounded and the stampede
began.
About 100,000 people ran
together for the same cause. In
India, around 72 million children
in the primary school age are not
in school yet. other countries, like
Bangladesh and China, have the
highest illiterate number of adults
and the progress is excruciatingly
slow. How will those children affect
their country and the world in the
future? These children will grow
up in poverty and no income to
support their basic needs due to
their illiteracy. How can we help
them?
Awareness about this issue is very
limited in our region as there are
many illiterate individuals in Arab
countries, yet we are not organizing
huge events for the whole world
to join. I had been thinking of a
successful graduation project idea
for many weeks and it was right in
front of me. People have the option
to leave a mark in this world and
pursue it for a humanitarian cause
that is noble and selfless. the most
famous leaders lived their lives
defending humanitarian causes.
Mother Theresa and gandhi are
examples of such leaders.
I can’t stop running, so are my
thoughts.
55

56
DWC NEWS
Mohammad Al Redha
Technology Week at DWC
on May 9th, 2012, Dubai Women’s College (DWC)
organized its 2nd annual Technology Week. The Technology
Week’s purpose was to offer students and staff an
opportunity to learn about new technology which can
help their learning and teaching plans. Students had
the opportunity to try the new 3D softwares, IBM’s
Watson super computer, and virtual computing. Jamie
Stewart, Associate Director and Dean of the Business
and Technology Division at DWC, was present to
absorb the event. Ford representatives in the Middle
East, demonstrated the technology used in ite most
recent can models released recently in the markets.
Cotopia Social Responsibility
Students from the Applied Communications Department
at DWC helped organize the second CoToPIA
Social Responsibility Dialogue. The event aims at
building bridges connecting corporations to issues
relevant to the community. The event was held at
DWC on 25 April, 2012. Sheikh Abdul Aziz Al Nuaimi,
Environmental Advisor to the Ajman government and
CEo of Al Ihsan Charity Centre, attended the event
along with more than 600 other attendees. Many
successful Emiratis also participated in the event
to talk about their achievements during their work
experiences.
Dubai Students Film Festival
The Higher Colleges of Technology, Dubai Men’s Campus
(DMC), hosted the 2nd Dubai Students Film Festival
(DSFF) on the 2nd and 3rd of May, 2012. DWC and
DMC Applied Communications students organized DSFF
following the footsteps of 12 students who started
the DSFF last year. DSFF was organized to showcase
the creativity of students in the media production field
within the UAE. The event was attended by more than
450 visitors. “This is a one step ahead, I think we made
great improvement this year,” said Suqrat Bin Bisher,
DSFF’s chairman and a DWC Applied Media student.
Photo by Caroline Bianca/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus Marketing
Mohammad Al Redha/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
Mohammad Al Redha/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus

Library Week in DWC
on April 15th 2012, his highness Sheikh Majid bin
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Chairman of the
Dubai Culture and Arts Authority, opened the Library
Week event at DWC. Present at the opening event were
Juma Al Majid, Chairman of Dubai Economic Council and
Dr. Howard Reed, Senior Director of the HCT-Dubai. The
event also included the opening of DWC Arabic Book
Fair. His highness Sheikh Majid toured DWC’s campus,
visited its academic departments, attended students
presentations, and was introduced to the No Fizzy Drink
Campaign introduced by DWC to help students learn
about the health risks behind fizzy drinks consumption.
Insight Dubai Conference
The eighth Insight Dubai Conference was held from
18-22 March at DWC. The annual conference focused
on empowering women through bringing together
more than 65 students from different nationalities and
pairing them up with 65 Emirati students from DWC to
discuss current and relevant issues including Shariah
law, Uae governance and human trafficking. “It was
my first time to facilitate in such a powerful conference.
I can consider myself as a changed person after spending
5 days with 16 inspiring young women,” said Alia Al-
Shamlan, one of the conference’s facilitators.
Techno Girlz
Mohammad Al Redha/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
Mohammad Al Redha/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus
Focusing on environmental sustainability, DWC
launched the 4th Technogirls event which received
around 400 students from different schools. The
event aimed at educating DWC and other high school
students about the importance of green technologies
that provide support to the UAE community. Technogirls
2012 was also organized to encourage high school
students to enter the fields of Engineering, Math,
Technology, and Science. Tech nogirls 2012 keynote
speaker was His Highness Sheikh Dr. Abdul Aziz bin
Ali Al Nuaimi, Environmental Advisor to the Ajman
government and the Chairman of the International
Steering Committee for the global Initiative towards
a sustainable Iraq. Caroline Bianca/HCT-Dubai, Women’s Campus Marketing
57

58
OUT AND ABOUT
by MOHAMED AL MARRI
INTERNET CAfé
MOHAMED AL MARRI
http://bookcoverarchive.com/
http://www.wattpad.com
http://www.livestrong.com
Book Cover Archive
The Book Cover Archive has a collection of over 1,000
book covers sorted by designers, authors, titles, art
directors, photographers, illustrators, and more. viewers
can leave comments on the cover pages. It is one of the
best websites for book cover researchers and art fans.
Wattpad
Wattpad has free unlimited access to books. The reader
will find an abundant number of books from all genres.
The reader can also contact the author and leave his/
her comments on the book pages. This website offers
a page where the reader can add friends and get feedback
or criticism on his/her own writings. What makes
this website unique is that it has an inviting layout and
is well organized. Writers’ rights are reserved in Wattpad.
Live Strong
LiveStrong is bringing helpful information and motivation
to people all over the world. Through the LiveStrong
website, users can find out more about health, learn
about fitness, and improve their lifestyle. the website
has many helpful resources. It encourages users to live
better and maintain healthier lives.

BOOk REvIEW
MOHAMED AL MARRI
A Thousand Splendid Suns
By khaled Hosseini
A Thousand Splendid Suns is a
touching story about the struggles
of two women, Mariam and Laila,
during the reign of the Taliban in
Afghanistan. Mariam had to suffer
her father’s rejection and later on
her husband’s brutal treatment.
Meanwhile, Laila lived with her
mother’s ignorance and then the
loss of her love. All this happened
in times when Afghanistan fought
against the Soviet Union. When
I read the book, I learned about
the innocent women, children
and men who struggled during
this cruel war. The author successfully
ties the reader with the
characters, who grow from childhood
to adulthood. It is a great
book because it speaks to our
emotions, to our conscience.
The Alchemist
By Paulo Coelho
The Alchemist, a tale of meaningful
lessons and messages, is about a
shepherd, Santiago, who leaves
his hometown to fulfill his dream.
Throughout his journey Santiago
had to overcome many obstacles
that in the end helped him accept
life. The Alchemist, in my opinion,
is paolo Coelho’s finest book.
Even though the story was simple,
its message was beautiful and
hopeful. The events were exciting
and never boring. The size of the
book is inviting. It is a quick read,
but you finish with one lesson,
that through your ups and downs,
you can create positivity.
Kiss That Frog
By Brain Tracy & Christina Tracy Stein
kiss That Frog! is a self-improvement
book by Brian Tracy and
Christina Tracy Stein. The name
of the book comes from the
famous fairy-tale, which signifies
change from bad to better when
the princess kissed the frog and
he turned into a prince. The book
discusses 12 guaranteed ways
to flip negatives into positives
in someone’s life and work. The
authors lay out seven ways to
develop a positive personality for
a better life. The steps were easy
to achieve and the language used
was simple and clear. I enjoyed
reading this book because it gives
readers hope to change their
lives in a fun and easy approach.
59

60
BUQSHA
Mohamed Al Marri
We chose to call this section ‘Buqsha’ (see below for meaning) as it is dedicated to exploring various elements of Emirati
culture and traditions.
هعبرم هعطق نوكتو شامقلا نم ةرصلا يه :هشقب ىنعم
.ايمدق سبلالما اهب عضوت
Buqsha: an old word used to describe
a square shaped piece of cloth. It was used
to carry various items such as groceries,
clothes and other items.
old Dubai (Sea)
Fate chose Dubai to become one
of the luckiest cities in the gulf.
The sea and the creek together
gave Dubai advantageous location
attracting settlers and providing
them with a way of living.
The technique of boat building
including dhows (wooden sailing
boats) and trade such as sail
production, diving and pearling
equipment showed profit. Boats
carried thousands of sailors and
pearling crews to deep-sea every
summer so they can provide their
families with food and other necessities.
Fishing has long been a
main source of income for people
of Dubai.
old Sea Fishing Way
In the past, sea fishing was the
second most important industry
after pearl diving in the Emirates.
Fishermen could indentify over
300 varieties of fish and knew
where to catch them. They made
cages from palm leaves (al garagir)
and nets (al aliakh) to trap the
fish. they had different kinds of
boats such as: al shasha, al houri,
al shahoof and al shouee. Fishermen
passed their knowledge on
to their sons, who were expected
to follow their fathers’ footsteps.
They joined their fathers from
an early age in order to learn
the practical lessons of fishing
and became talented fishermen.
Women helped their husbands
sell the catch in the markets. In
the 1930’s, there were 30 women
selling fish in the fish market
in Bur Dubai.
(Al gargoor)
al gargoor is an old fishing gear,
which is used untill today. It is
semi-circular cage that is made
of metal. The process of using al
gargoor is: Firstly, the hole in the
al gargoor gets thinner as fish
swim into it. Secondly, the fish
goes for the bait that is hanging
in the middle of al gargoor. Finally
the fisherman strings a rope from
the al gargoor to the top of the sea
to identify the location.

Dhow Building
In the beginning of the 20th century, the Emirates produced 50 sailing
dhows annually. Some of the sailing dhows, such as al baghlah and al
boom, were designed for long distance travel. others, such as al shouee
and al jalbout, were for pearl diving and fishing. today, you can find these
gorgeous traditional old dhows in Dubai greek. Many locals in the UAE
still build dhows for business and profit.
Al Jalbout (Boat)
Al Jalbout is one of the locally made and used dhows in the UAE.
al jalbout was used mostly for diving trips, finding pearls, and fishing.
Its length is 20-30 feet and it can carry between 15- 45 tons. It is said
that al jalbout has been named after the Portuguese boat jalbota.
61

62
ىدحإ يف لمعتو ،اهمسا ركذ مدع
ىدم نع ،ةيموكلحا هبش تاكرشلا
يف ةمهاسلما تاكرشلا ةيقادصم
ةرظنلا نأب تباجأ ،فيظوتلا ضراعم
تاكرشلا هاتجا روهملجا مومعل ةيبلسلا
ضراعم للاغتساب اهماهتاو ةمهاسلما
وه نلاعلإاو ةياعدلاو جيورتلل فيظوتلا
عقاولاو ةحصلا نع دعبلا لك ديعب رمأ
جورت نأ يف ةلكشلما ام :تفاضأو
يتاراملإا عمتجملل اهءامتنا ةكرشلا
ىوتسم ىلع ةمهم ةرهاظت اذكه يف
ةكرشلل نوكت ةسفن تقولا يفو ةلودلا
لمتح يف ةسوملمو ةيقيقح ةمهاسم
ةلكشلما هذه لح هاتجا اهتايلؤسم
حبصيس اهلح رمأ نأ ملعلا عم ؟هقرؤلما
بيرقلا لبقتسلما يف ايمازلإ ارمأ
اهضرف للاخ نم ةموكلحا لبق نم
لفكت ةصالخا تاسسؤلما ىلع ينناوقل
ةكرشلا نإ :ةلئاق تدرطتساو .كلذ
ضرعم يف اهتكراشم للاخ تلبقتسا
زكرم يف دقع يذلا ريخلأا فيظوتلا
7 ىلإ 5 ةرتفلا نم يراجتلا يبد
متيس بلط 1500 ىلع ديزي ام سرام
نم ةسلس نمضو ،ايدرف اهعم لماعتلا
ىوتسلما ديدتح ناحتماب أدبت تاوطلخا
جمارب ديدحتب ًءاهتناو ةيزيلنجلاا ةغلل
عيملج مدقتلما زايتجا ةلاح يف بيردتلا
ىوتسلما ىلع ظافحلل كلذو ،تابلطتلما
. ةينهلما نم عيفرلا
ةريخأ ةملك
لاقلا نع اديعبو ،فيظوتلا ضراعم
اهتذختا ةوطخ لاإ يه ام ،ليقلاو
ةكراشم نامض لجأ نم ةموكلحا
ةيمنتلا يف ةينطولا ةيرشبلا دراولما
يف اهجمدو ،ةينطولا ةيداصتقلاا
سوردم ططخم نمض صالخا عاطقلا
نم اهيلع بترتي امو ةلاطبلا نم دحلل
ةوطلخا هذه نوكت دق ،تلاكاشم
نوكت دقو ،ضعبلا رظن يف ةفيعض
نأ ول نكل ،رخلآا ضعبلا رظن يف ةيوق
ايونس مظنت يتلا فيظوتلا ضراعم
حجنت ،ةلودلا تارامإ دادتما ىلع
نإف صخش 2000ل لمع داجيإ يف
قحتسي احانج كلذ نوريس نيريثكلا
!هدنع فوقولا
.ةفاك لامعلأا
لوصح ، يديوسلا ءايلع تحرتقا
يف ةيموكح تازايتما ىلع نطاولما
ةحرتقم ،صالخا عاطقلا يف لمعلا
عاطقلا بتاور ةلكشم لح كلذب
ةموكلحا موقت نأب ةيندتلما صالخا
ًايدام ًادفار لثيم يلام قودنص ءاشنإب
صالخا عاطقلا يف يننطاوملل ايفاضإ
عاطقلا نع ةفزاعلا ةئفلا عجشت كلذبو
قاحتللاا ىلع هبتاور يندتل صالخا
تاكرشلا دعاست ةيناث ةهج نمو ،هب
بتاورلا عفد لمتح يف ةصالخا
يننطاوملل ةبسانلما
ةمهاسم تاكرش
،ينطوتلا ةريدم ،ينلماس ةمطاف تراشأ
)طسولأا قرشلا وكريس( ةكرش يف
يفو لكك يبد يف ينطوتلا نأ ىلإ
ريسي )طسولأا قرشلا وكريس( ةكرش
2030 يبد ةيؤرل ًاقفو ةديج ىطخب
فظوم 1700 ىلإ لصي ينفظولما ددعف
جمارب ةكرشلا دمتعت :تفاضأو ،ايلاح
ةزكرم يننطاولما ليهأتو ينيعتل ططخو
اهعاونأب ةسدنهلا تاصصخت ىلع
ينطوتلا ةبسن زهانت ثيح ،ةفلتخلما
يلامجإ نم ةئلماب 8 وحن ةكرشلا يف
هتاذ قايسلا يفو .ةلماعلا ىوقلا
ضراعم نأ ،ينلماس ةديسلا تركذ
تاقلح نمض ةقلح لاإ يه ام فيظوتلا
نم ةموكلحا اهتنبت ةلصتمو ةريثك
ةلاطبلا ةلكشم لح يف ماهسلإا لجأ
ةقلعتلما تاماهتلاا ةضحاد ينطوتلاو
،ضراعلما هذه لثم ةيثبعو ةيروصب
عقاولا ضرأ ىلع تايئاصحلإا نأ ذإ
هذه لثم ميظنت لعج امم ةياغلل ةعجشم
تركذو .احجان ارمأ ايونس ضراعلما
)طسولأا قرشلا وكريس( ةكرش نأ
هذه يف ةكراشلما ىلع تصرح دق
ةسملخا تاونسلا رادم ىلع ضراعلما
اهتكراشمو اهدوجو تابثلإ لا ،ةيضالما
اهتجالح لب ؛امومع لاقي امك ،ةيروصلا
نم ريثكلا لغشل ةحللماو ةيقيقلحا
.رغاوشلا
تلضف يتلاو ).ر.أ( ةديسلا لاؤسبو
وه كلذ يف ببسلا نأب امزاج ،!هريبعت
اهتيلوؤسلم ةياعدلا يف ةكرشلا ةبغر
هاتجا ةيلكشلاو ةيهاولا ةيعامتجلاا
يف اهتروص ليمتجو ،ينطوتلا اياضق
وهو ماوعأ ةثلاث ذنم هنأ ًادكؤم قوسلا
هتعانق نم مغرلا ىلع لمع نع ثحبي
ىدعتت لا اهب مدقتي يتلا هقاروأ نأب
بتاكم جاردأ لاوحلأا نسحأ يف
يهتنيل ،ضرعلما يف ةكراشلما تاكرشلا
وأ ةمامقلا تلاس يف امإ فاطلما اهب
تاسدع اهدصرتت ضرلأا ىلع ةكورتم
ريثت ةدام اهيف اودجيل ينيفحصلا
.فحصلا يف اشاقن
تاحارتقلااو بتاورلا
ىلإ يلودبعلا ةصح تراشأ ،كلذ ىلإ
ىدعتي لا رملأا نأب اهتعانق مغرو اهنأ
تاسسؤلماو تاكرشلل اعيملت هنوك
اهلمأ نع تبرعأ اهنأ لاإ ،ةكراشلما
لامع دتجو ظلحا اهفلاحي نأ يف
ةعبرلأا ماوعلأا للاخ اهراظتنا يهني
يف اهيأرو اهتعانق ددبيو ةيضالما
ضراعم يف ةكراشلما تاكرشلا
ةلكشم دوجو مدع ىلإ ةتفلا ،فيظوتلا
صالخا عاطقلا يف يننطاولما لمع يف
، تاراهلماو تاربلخا نع ثحبي يذلا
بتاور يطعي هنإف ترفاوت نإ يتلاو
وأ نطاوملل ءاوس ةيزجم تازايتماو
.دفاولل
يشولبلا نانح تحرتقا ،اهتيحان نم
ةصرف نع ثحبتو ،ضرعملل ةرئاز
تاكرشلا موقت نأ ،اهتنبلا لمع
ةيموكلحا تاسسؤلماو ةصالخا
بيردتل ،اهحابرأ نم ةبسن صيصختب
،مهل ةيفيظو صرف قلخو يننطاولما
تاكرشلا عيمج ةموكلحا مزلت ثيح
؛اهفئاظو نم ءزج ينطوتب ءانثتسا نود
.يننطاولما ينب هلاطبلا ةلكشم للح
تماق ام نأ تلااشلاب للهادبع ربتعاو
ةنهم ينطوتب قلعتي اميف لمعلا ةرازو هب
نوؤش ماسقأ ىلإ ةفاضإ ،بودنلما
ةريبكلا ةصالخا تاكرشلا يف ينفظولما
ةموكلحا ميمصت سكعت ةديج ةيادب
اهميمعت ًاعقوتم ،ينطوتلا يف دالجا
تاسسؤمو تاعاطق يف ايجيردت

نع ينثحابلا باسكإ ضرغب ةيبيردت
مهقالحإ مث نمو تاراهمو تاربخ لمع
.اهيدل لمعلاب
ىري يئابرهك سدنهم يحشلا دوعس
دح ىلإ ةديج ةصرف ضراعلما نأ
نم ريثكلا كانه نأ دكأ هنأ لاإ ، ريبك
يجيرخ يننطاولما هجاوت يتلا تاقوعلما
تاكرشب لمعلا يف ةسدنهلا ةيلك
اهرود يمانت مغر ،صالخا عاطقلا
اهراثئتساو عراستمو ريبك لكشب
يداصتقلاا طاشنلا نم ةريبك ةصحب
ينسدنهلما نأ ىلإ ًاريشم ،ةلودلا يف
بتاور ىلع نولصحي نيدفاولا
ضرتعي نم ًابلاطم ،ةديج تازايتماو
ةّينف تاعاطق يف نطاولما ينيعت ّ ىلع
ىلختي نأ صالخا عاطقلا يف ةّينقتو
:فاضأو ةيهاولا ةيديلقتلا ةجلحا نع
طعي مل نإ لاصأ يتأت نأ ةربخلل فيك
!لمعلل ةصرفلا نطاولما
تاراملإا داصتقا نإ
عرسلأاو ،مخضلا
رداق ةقطنلما يف ًاونم
600 وحن قلخ ىلع
يف ًايونس ةفيظو فلأ
هدحو صالخا عاطقلا
ةرئادلا تانايب بسحب
ةيداتحلاا ةيداصتقلاا
ةياعدلاو جيورتلا
وعدي ارمأ كانه نأ ،مرك للهادبع ركذ
جيرلخا نطاولما نأ وهو ،بارغتسلال
لمعلل ةصرف دجي لا دق ،ماوعأ ذنم
تاكرشلا نم ريثكلا باوبأ هقرط مغر
تاهلج هتلاهؤمو ةيملعلا هتريس يمدقتو
فيظوتلا ضراعم يف دجي امنيب ،لمعلا
،ةيقيقح ىلولأا ةلهولل ودبت ًاصرف
ىتحو لاابقتساو ًامامتها ىقلي امك
دح ىلع اهانعم نم ةغراف ةعباتم
دجيروملأا تايرجلم عبتتلما نأ ريغ
لاو ةيدامرلا كلتب سيل فقولما نأ
كانه نأ ذإ ،مؤاشتلا نم ردقلا كلذب
هيلإ ةراشلإا نم دب لا اقرشم ابناج
ينطوتلا لوح يعمتجلما شاقنلاف ،انه
نأ حضتا امك ،فقوتي نلو رمتسم
عاطقلا ةنميهل ملستست نل ةموكلحا
راعش عفر نع فقوتت نلو ،صالخا
يضلما نع فقوتت نل امك ،ينطوتلا
ىلعو ةيلمعلا اهتاوطخ يف امدق
فيظوتلا ضراعم ميظنت اهسأر
وحن ذنم كلذ ىلع ةبظاولماو ةيونسلا
ةموكلحا تبأد ثيح ،اماع رشع ىنثا
ةيونسلا ةرهاظتلا هذه ميظنت ىلع
هذه زكترتو ،ةلودلا تارامإ عيمج يف
فيظوتلا ىلع اهتركف يف ضراعلما
تاكرشلل صرفلا حاتت ثيح ينطوتلاو
لمشيو ،اهيدل ةرفوتلما رغاوشلا ضرعل
ةيموكلحا تاسسؤلما ينضراعلا لجس
تاسسؤمو كونبلاو ةيموكلحا هبشو
ةيميلعتلا تاسسؤلماو تاءاشنلإا
اهريغو تامدلخا تاكرشو ةيراجتلاو
فيظوتلاب متهت يتلا تاكرشلا نم
.دقاعتلاو
هذه لوح راثي اريثك اطغل نأ ريغ
اهديصتت ثيح ،ماع لك يف ضراعلما
اهلوانتتو ينيفحصلا تاسدع
عيمج نم ملاعلإا لئاسوو فحصلا
نع داقنلا نم ديدعلا رمشيو ،اهبناوج
.اهيلع مهبضغ ماج اوبصيل مهدعاوس
ضعب ةلاجع يف مكعم ضرعتسأس
اهتعمج يتلا ةفلتخلما رظنلا تاهجو
ةيسيئرلا فيظوتلا ضراعم شماه ىلع
يّلع ،ةلودلا يف تميقأ يتلا ةيعرفلاو
حضوأ يأرو ةروص نيوكت يف قفوأ
!ضراعلما هذه نع
تاربلخا
لمع نع ثحبي بساحم ناورم دكؤي
ًامامتها دجو هنأ ،2010 ماعلا ذنم
تاسسؤلماو تاكرشلا نم ًاقئاف
للاخ »فيظوتلا ضرعم« يف ةكراشلما
صخلتت هتلكشم نكل ،ةيضالما تارودلا
تاكرشلا ًابلاطم ،ةربخلل هراقتفاب
جماربل ًاصرف رفوت نأ ةضراعلا
حبصتل ،حيحصلا اهراطإ يف ةروصلا
،لدجلل ةراثإ لقأ ابمرو احوضو رثكأ
يتلا تاراملإا ةلود نع انه ثيدلحاف
نواعتلا سلجم ةموظنم نمض تلتحا
دعب ملاعلا يف ةثلاثلا ةبترلما يجيللخا
تلتحا يتلا ةيكيرملأا ةدحتلما تايلاولا
تلتحا يتلا ابوروأو ،ىلولأا ةبترلما
باطقتسا لاجم يف ةيناثلا ةبترلما
ءوشن نإ ؛ةرجاهلما ةلماعلا يديلأا
مامتها هنع جتن تاراملإا يف ةورثلا
ذإ يئانملإا طيطختلل ريبك هجوتو
ىنبلا ءاشنإب ةيداصتقلاا ةيمنتلا تأدب
ىمسي الم ناك ثيح ،ةعونتلما ةيتحتلا
ذيفنت يف يساسأ رود ةدفاولا ةلامعلاب
اهتردق نم هب زيمتت الم ؛ططلخا كلت
ًءادأ ةبعصلا لمعلا عقاوم لاغشإ ىلع
اهلاغشإ ةيللمحا ةلامعلل نكيم لا يتلاو
ملس يف ىندلأا ةبترلما يف فنصت ثيح
ةئف نأ ينح يف ،يننطاوملل لامعلأا
لبقت نأ عيطتست ةدفاولا ةلامعلا نم
،ةريثك لماوعل ةضفخنم روجأب لمعلا
اهلمحتب فصتت كلذل ةفاضإ اهنأ امك
عيطتسيلا يتلا ةبعصلا لمعلا فورظل
.اهلبقت تاراملإا ونطاوم
عرسلأاو مخضلا تاراملإا داصتقا نإ
وحن قلخ ىلع رداق ةقطنلما يف ًاونم
عاطقلا يف ًايونس ةفيظو فلأ 600
ةرئادلا تانايب بسحب هدحو صالخا
ىلع نكل ،ةيداتحلاا ةيداصتقلاا
عيرسلا هونمو هتماخض نم مغرلا
فئاظو داجيإ ىلع رداق ريغ هنإف
،نطاوم فلأ 25-30 وحنل ةبسانم
ضراعم نم اساسأ نوفدهتسلما مه
لمعلا يف نوبغري نيذلاو ،فيظوتلا
صالخا عاطقلا يف ًلامع نودجي لاو
ةقرؤلما ةلاطبلا ةلكشم دجوأ امم
اهساسأ يف يتلاو عمتجلماو ةلودلل
ةبيكرتلا للاتخلا عجرت اهتقيقحو
يلامجإ نأ ذإ تاراملإا ةلودل ةيناكسلا
8264000 غلب تاراملإا ناكس ددع
تاراملإا يف يننطاولما ددع اميف ،ةمسن
نأ ينعي امم ،ةمسن فلأ 947 وه
قفو 12% زواجتت لا يننطاولما ةبسن
.2011 ماعلا تايئاصحإ
63

64
(ديبس رتش عقوم/ ردصلما) .ةفيظولا نع ثحبلا
اهتايعادتو اهيعاود فيظوتلا ضراعم
بتارب لوبقلا مدعو ،ةربلخا رفوت مدع
تاعاسب طابضنلاا مدعو ،ضفخنم
يتلا ةجلحا تاذ يهو لمعلا ينناوقو
تاونسلا للاخ اهدادرت ىلع لكلا بأد
تلعج يتلا بابسلأا يه امف .ةيضالما
ددع ليلقو دراولما ريثك دلبلا اذه
؟ةلاطبلا ةلكشم نم يناعي ناكسلا
ىدم امو فيظوتلا ضراعم يه امو
؟اهلوح ةفلتخلما ءارلآا يه امو ؟اهاودج
ضراعم لوح ةعيرس ةرظن لعلو
عضتس ةفلتخم اياوز نمو فيظوتلا
ىري ينح يفف ،ةصالخا تاسسؤلماو
ضارعتسا نم رثكأ تسيل اهنأ ضعبلا
فحصلا يف ةرخافلماو نلاعلإا هضرغ
نورخآ دكؤي ،ةفلتخلما ملاعلإا لئاسوو
.ةيقيقح ةيفيظو صرف قلخ يف اهتيلعاف
فيظوتلا ضرعم ماسقأ يف ةلوج للاخ
،يبظوبأ ةرامإ يف ًارخؤم ميقأ يذلا
ةريثك تاماهتا كانه نأ احضاو ادب
لامهإب ةصالخا تاكرشلا ىلع ينمئاقلل
تتح ةفيظو نع ثحابلا نطاولما
يهو ،ةئرتهمو ةيهاو تتاب تارربم
يداملحا هللادبع
يننطاولما بابشلا نم ديدعلا رظني
لا ،فيظوتلا ضراعم ىلإ لملأا ينعب
ةمخضلا ةيملاعلإا تلاملحا عم اميس
ضراعلما كلت لثم بكاوت يتلا
سملاتو بابشلا ملاحأ بعادتو
لمعلا قوسب قاحتللال ةسالما مهتجاح
ىلع ،مهتاوذو مهتيللاقتسا اوققحيل
تفلتخا .مهتاربخو مهتلاهؤم فلاتخا
صرف نع ينثحابلا ،يننطاولما ءارآ
فيظوتلا ضراعم ىودج لوح ةيفيظو
تاكرشلا ىربك اهيف مهاست يتلا

ةعماج يف يريهاملجا لاصتلاا
ملاعلإا ىلع ينمئاقلا وعدت تاراملإا
يف ينطوتلا ةبسن ةدايز ىلإ ةلودلا يف
بابشلا :لوقت ةيملاعلإا تاسسؤلما
ملاعلإا تايلك يجيرخ نم نطاولما
نأ انه مهلماو ،نوزهاجو نودوجوم
لمعنو نابشلا ءلاؤه رمثتسنو ينبن
هذهو ،نطولا ةمدلخ مهريوطت ىلع
عضوم حبصت نأ بجي ةينطو ةحلصم
ملاكلا لا ذيفنتلا
ىمادقلا ينملاعلإا نم ريثكلا دجوي
مهيدل نمم ةيملاعلإا تاسسؤلما يف
نولمعي نيذلا كئلوأ نم ءاوس ةربلخا
جماربلا يمدقم نم وأ سيلاوكلا فلخ
متي لاجلما اذه يف مهنس ربك عم نكلو
نع مهفيقوت و مهتامدخ نع ءانغتسلاا
دعاقتلا بتار مهحنم يلاتلابو لمعلا
ةمداق ةديدج ةباش تاربخب مهلادبتساو
ديدجتلا كلذ يف ةجلحاو جرالخا نم
روطتلا ةبكاولم ًايرورض دعي يذلا
.ملاعلا يف يملاعلإا
يف لمعأ تنك :قوثوم ردصم لوقيو
يفاقيإ تمو ةسسؤلما يف جارخلإا لاجم
،نسلا يف يمدقت دنع لمعلا نع
لبتقم يف باش ىلإ جمانربلا يطعأو
ةديدج اراكفأ هيدل نأ ةجحب رمعلا
.جمانربلا روطت فوس
يف ينطوتلا عوضوم ةشقانم دعب
دوصقلما نأ ايلج حبصأ .ملاعلإا عاطق
باطقتسا وه ام ردقب ينطوتلا سيل
ةيملاعلإا لئاسولا يف لمعلل يننطاولما
مهل ةبذالجا ةئيبلا ريفوتو ةيللمحا
ةساسح ةنهم ملاعلإاف ؛رارمتسلال
مسرت ،ةرثؤمو ةلعافو ،ةيويحو
لخدتو ،عمتجلما نع ربعتو تاسايس
هيدل ريغص عمتجم يف نحن .تيب لك
جاتتح يتلا تايصوصلخا نم ريثكلا
ربعيو اهليصافت مهفيو اهمهفي نم ىلإ
سأر ىلع نطولا ءانبأ ىلإ جاتحن ،اهنع
ةينويزفلت ةانق لكو ةيملاعإ ةسسؤم لك
دّرجم سيل ملاعلإاف .ةفيحص وأ ةعاذإو
امك ةّيلوؤسمو ةلاسر وه لب ،ةفيظو
يف جمارب مدقم يبعكلا دوعس لوقي
.يبد امس ةانق
متي ثيح ةلودلا يف ةيملاعلإا تاسسؤلما
تايبنجلأا تاعيذلما نم ضعبلا بلج
ةجردلاب ةددحم ةيلكش تافصاولم اقفو
ىلع نهبيردت متي مث نمو ،ىلولأا
اميف نرهظيل ةيتاراملإا ةجهللا ناقتإ
نهنأ ساسأ ىلع ةيلحم جمارب يف دعب
مضه كلذب متيو ،ةيسنلجا تايتارامإ
يتاوللا تايتاراملإا نم ريثكلا قوقح
نأ ملعلا عم نطولا ليثمتب نملحي
ربع نهروضح تنبثأ تايتارامإ كانه
.زافلتلا تاشاش
ىدحإ :رخآ قوثوم ردصم حرصيو
تتبثأ تاريدلجا تايتاراملإا تاعيذلما
ةيضاير جمارب للاخ نم اهدوجو
ىلولأا ةعيذلما تناك ذإ ،لاجرلا صخت
حاجنلا اذه ببسبو ،لاجلما اذه يف
يتاراملإا دوجو ةركف
ةيملاعلإا تاسسؤلما يف
ةيللشلا ددهت ةلودلا يف
كانه ةدجاوتلما ةيبنجلأا
مظعم رصح متي ثيح
كلتب ايلعلا فئاظولا
.ةئفلا
ةيبنجلأا ةيللشلا لبق نم اهتبراحم تتم
تراثأو اهيلع برلحا تنش يتلا
،ةينهلما اهتايقلاخأ ىلع تاعاشلإا
كلذو ،ةلدأ دوجو مدع نم مغرلاب
ةعيذم ىلإ اهناكم ءاطعإو ،اهتيحنتل
ثيح ،ناك اذكهو ،ةيتارامإ ريغ ىرخأ
.ةعاذلإا مسق ىلإ لوحتل ،اهتيحنت تتم
يف اهملح لامكلإ ةعيذلما نلآا ىعستو
ةلود ةشاش للاخ نم يضايرلا لاجلما
نأ ركذلاب ريدلجاو .ىرخأ ةيجيلخ
تاعاطقلا مهأ نم دعي ملاعلإا عاطق
نملأا اياضق ىلإ ىقرت يتلا ةيويلحا
يغبني ينطوتلا ةيلمع نإف اذل ،ينطولا
.ةلماكتم ةطخ راطإ يف متت نأ
مسق يف دعاسم ذاتسأ هاتول ةصح
تاعاسلا سلجيو ةليقثلا تادعلما
جارخلإ جاتنولما ةشاش مامأ ةليوطلا
نمو ،ةيلاع ةدوج تاذ ةينويزفلت ةدام
ىلع لوصحلل بلاطلا ىعسي كلذ لجأ
ةكراشلما ىلع صرحيو ،تاجردلا ىلعأ
ىتلا تاناجرهلماو تاقباسلما عيمج يف
عفرل كلذو ؛اهجراخو ةلودلا يف ماقت
هجوتيل ،ايلاع يتاراملإا ملاعلإا مسا
.هقثو ةربخب لمعلا نيدايم ىلإ كلذ دعب
دوجو ةركف نإ رملأا ةقيقح يف
يف ةيملاعلإا تاسسؤلما يف يتاراملإا
ةدجاوتلما ةيبنجلأا ةيللشلا ددهت ةلودلا
فئاظولا مظعم رصح متي ثيح ،كانه
داعبتسا متي يلاتلابو ةئفلا كلتب ايلعلا
قح نم هنامرحو ،اهنع نطاولما
،ينهلما روطتلا ةصرف ىلع لوصلحا
ملعلا عم ةيفيظولا ةيقرتلاب ىمسي ام وأ
ىلع لوصلحا قحتست رداوك كانه نأ
برلحا هذه نكلو 100% تايقرتلا
ةينطولا رداوكلا ىلع نشت ىتلا ةدرابلا
عشبأ نم دعت تاعومجلما كلت لبق نم
يفيظولا ىوتسلما ءاقبلإ تلاوالمحا
،ايندتم زيمتلما حومطلا نطاوملل
ميطحتل تاعاشلإا عشبأب هتمجاهبم
ججلحاب همصوو ،لمعلا يف هتيمزع
ماهتلاا عباصأ عضت يتلا ةيهاولا
لامهلإا تافصب هتعنتو نطاولما ىلع
مدعو ةيلاكتلااو لسكلاو يفيظولا
.نطولا ةمدلخ لمعلا يف ينافتلا
يف ًاوضع تنك:قوثوم ردصم ركذي
ةيرادإ ةفيظول ينمدقتلما تلاباقم ةنلج
لمتح ةيتارامإ ةاتف ةلباقبم تمقو
ةلباقلما تدأ دقو ريتسجالما ةداهش
اهتلباقم نم ءاهتنلاا دعبو ،زاتمم لكشب
دحأ رداب ثيح ،يبضغ راثأ شاقن راد
ةجحب ةمدقتلما ضفرب هنجللا ءاضعأ
روطت نلو،ةريدج ريغو هيتارامإ اهنأ
ةيفيظو تايمسلم ىعست فوسو ةرادلإا
.ريبك بتارو ايلع
ةنهم يه ملاعلإا ةنهم نأ ضعبلا ىري
فلتخم يف زفاولحا بايغو ،بعاتلما
قرطتلل ثيدلحا يندوقي انهو ،اهتلااجم
يف تاعيذلما فيظوت طورش ىلإ
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رايتخا ىلع ليعفتلا رصتقي لا ثيحب
ءلم متي اميف رداوكلا هذه نم ليلق ددع
ةجحب ؛ةيبنجأ تاربخب ةيقبتلما رغاوشلا
يف لمعلل ايلعف لهؤم ريغ نطاولما نأ
.بيردتلا ةرتف
رداوكلا قحب ةرركلما ةجلحا هذه
مئاغ يميمعت موهفم نم قلطنت ةينطولا
تاراهلماب لهؤم جيرلخاف ،فصنم ريغو
بيردتلا نم اظح لان دقو ،ةمزلالا
يف تاعمالجاو تايلكلا يف يناديلما
عوبطلما ءاوس ملاعلإا تلااجم عيمج
بلاطلاف ،عومسلما وأ ،يئرلما وأ ،اهنم
ةيساردلا هرتفلا يف ءابعلأا لمحتي
،ريوصتلا عقاوم يف دهلجا لذبيو
لمحيو ريوصتلا تلاآ عم لماعتيو
قفاولما ينعبرلأا داتحلاا موي يف
،يلالحا ماعلل ربمسيد نم يناثلا
دمحم خيشلا ومسلا بحاص رمأ
سيئر بئان ،موتكم لآ دشار نب
مكاح ،ءارزولا سلجم سيئر ،ةلودلا
نم ةبلاطو ابلاط ٤٠ بيردتب ،يبد
جمارب يجيرخو ،تاراملإا ينطاوم
هيجوتلا اذهب لامعو ،ةلودلا يف ملاعلإا
نأب ملاعلإل يبد ةسسؤم ريدم حرص
ةعبرأ ةدلم رمتسي بيردتلا جمانرب
مايقلل بردتلما ليهأتل ةيلاتتم روهش
،جرخم دعاسمك ةينقتلاو ةينفلا ماهلماب
،ةءاضإ ينفو ،توص ينفو ،روصمو
هذه نم ردجلأا فيظوت مث نمو
اهنكل ،ةروكشم ةردابم هذهو ،رداوكلا
،قمعأو ربكأ يلمع ليعفت ىلإ جاتتح
)تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/يميعنلا يمرم ريوصت(.اهمليف روصت ةجرخم
ملاعلإا يف ينطوتلا
يمشاهلا يمرم
تاراملإا ةلود يف ملاعلإا ةسسؤم دعت
تاسسؤلما ىوقأ نم ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا
يبرعلا نطولا يف ةدجاوتلما تاعاطقلاو
حبصأ يملاعلإا عقاولا اذه لظ يف
نع ثيدحلل قرطتلا يرورضلا نم
ةلودلا هيف تحبصأ تقو يف ينطوتلا
ثيح ،ملاعلا لود نم رثكلا راظنأ طحم
توصب ةيملاعلإا ةلاسرلا ليصوت يغبني
تاعلطت ديدتح ىلع رداقو ريدج يلحم
باشلا نلأ ارظن ؛اهليثتمو عمتجلما
هئامتناو هتأشن مكحب ردقأ نطاولما
اذه ديلاقتو تاداعو ةعيبط كاردإ ىلع
وحن هروذج نم قلاطنلااو ،عمتجلما
.ةيماسلا هتاعلطت

Higher Colleges of Technology - Dubai
Arabic Institute
يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك
يبرعلا دهعلما
Offering training by specialized & certified experts
نيدمتعم ينصصختم ينبردم - ةيبيردت تارود
Non Arabic speakers: Arabic courses
Arabic speakers: Personal & career development
For more information contact: Dr. Hanan Hairab, Manager
Applied Arabic Chair
dwcarabicinstitute@hct.ac.ae, 04 2089530
ةيبرعلا ةغللاب ينقطانلا ريغل ةيوغل تارود
ةيبرعلا ةغللاب ينقطانلل ةيرادلإاو ةيفيظولا ةيئادلأا تاراهلما ريوطتل تارود
يوغللا قيقدتلاو ةمجرتلا تامدخ
بريح ينمأ نانح .د :فارشإ
يبرعلا دهعلما - ةيبرعلا ةغللا جهانم ةريدم
dwcarabicinstitute@hct.ac.ae, 04 2089530 راسفتسلااو ليجستلل

68
ىلع حرتقتو ،تافاسلما بيرقت يف
اذه يف ةيدج ةوطخ ذخأت نأ ةلودلا
ىلإ ةيبرعلا ةغللا ملعت فيضت نأبرملأا
ام رارغ ىلع بناجلأا نم اهتابلطتم
يأرلا اهقفاوتو ،ةمدقتلما لودلا هلعفت
يف تلافلحا تاعيبم ةذفنم موبسون ازيل
ةاراملإ تمدق :لوقت ةايح دنارج قدنف
ةفاقثلا وأ ةغللا ملعتو ينتنس ذنم يبد
ةرودب تقحتلا ،يمودقل اطرش نكي مل
ةرادإ لبق نم ةيبرعلا ةغللا ئدابم ملعت
ةيبرعلا ةغللا مهف عطتسأ ملو ،قدنفلا
تقو ىلإ جاتحأ ،ًادج ةبعص ةغل اهنلأ
نكل ،يعامتجا كاكتحاو ةسراممو رثكأ
.دعاسي لا لمعلا طغض
نولاص يف ةفظوم ،ملاغ هناحير
اهجامدنا مدع نأب ىرت يبد يف يئاسن
لماعت مدعل ةجيتن تايتاراملإا عم
ىرخلأا تايسنلجا عم تايتاراملإا
ةيناتسكابلا ةيسنلجا عم وأ ديج لكشب
نيدبي تايتاراملإا ،صاخ هجوب
تضرعت دقل ،بابسلأا هفتلأ نهضاعتما
داقتعلا نزلحا ينكلتمو ةبعص فقاولم
نهيطعت نهتيسنج نأب تايتاراملإا
.انايحأ ءافجب انعم نلماعتي نأب قلحا
.رخآ مهم لماع ةيبرعلا ةغللا :فيضتو
ةلئسلأا نم ةعومجم ىلإ دوقت فقاوم
له اهنيب نم ةعورشلما تلاؤاستلاو
رثأتنلا يك عقوقتن نأ ينيتارامإك انل
هيف تأدب تقو يف ؟"ةلموعلاو حاتفنلااب
اهقيرط دتج ةيللمحا تاعانصلا ضعب
نمو ،؟قونلا تاجلثمك ةيلماعلا قوسلل
ةوهقلاو كركلا يستحن انلعل يردي
امك نطنشاو يف ةيتاراملإا ةيبرعلا
!يبد يف ملاعلا قابطأ لكأن
تاراملإا ةفاقث ىلع فرعتلل يسيئر
نم كلذ ىلجتيو ،صاخ لكشب يبد وأ
موقأ يتلا ةيحايسلا تلاولجا للاخ
ىلع ًايلج كابترلاا ودبي ثيحب اهب
ةروص طاقتلا نوديري امدنع حاوسلا
مهنأب يننومهويف ينطولا يزلاب يل
ةقيقلحا يف مهو ىنبملل ةروص نوطقتلي
مهتفرعم مدعل ،يل ةروص نوطقتلي
.ةلودلا يف حومسلما ريغو حومسلماب
فعض ىلإ ينيتاراملإا ريصقت عجريو
يتلا ةغللاو مهيدل ةثدالمحا ةراهم
لصاوتلا نم دتح اريبك ازجاح لكشت
ينيتاراملإا حصنو ،رخلآاب جامدنلااو
ىري يذلا موهفلما رييغتو ةردابلماب
.ايخيرات افحتم يتاراملإا
يف للخ انيدل له
رخلآا عم انجامدنا
؟نورصقلما نحن لهو
هيدل اضيأ رخلآا نأ مأ
؟جامدنلاا نم ةبهر
ةعماج نم ةجيرخ ،دشار ءاميش
ءاقدصأ اهيدل لاصتلاا ةيلك ،ةقراشلا
مهعم جمدنتو تايسنلجا فلتخم نم
بناجلأا ضعب :لوقت ةيموي ةروصب
ةيحتلاب رداب اذإ رخلآاب نوبحري
ضعب مهنمو مهضعب نكلو ،ماستبلااو
ىلع فرعتلا لبق فوختي يئاقدصأ
نم مهيدل الم ؛ةيتاراملإا وأ يتاراملإا
ةيتاراملإا ةفاقثلا نع ةطولغم تامولعم
ىلع ةيتاراملإا ةأرلما عم لماعتلا ةيفيكو
مهيدل ةمولعلما ردصمو ،صوصلخا هجو
تنرتنلإا عقاوم ىلع مهثحب ىلإ دنتسم
.ةيقادصلما ىلإ اهمظعم يف رقتفت يتلا
مدع يف ىلولأا ةبقعلا وه ةغللا زجاح
ةرمسوب ىنم دكؤت امك رخلآاب جامدنلاا
ينيفاحصلا ةيعمج ماع رس ينمأ
ةغللا ملعت بناجلأا ىلع هنأب ىرت يتلاو
اومهاسيل ،طسبم لكشب ولو ةيبرعلا
يذلا ملاعلا يف ديحولا ناكلما يبد
لكشب تافاقثلا طلاتخا هيف دهاشن
قداص ىري امك يباجيإو حماستم
يف ةماعلا تاقلاعلا ريدم ،رارج
يدل :لمكيو :ةفاحصلل يبد يدان
ةقلاع مهب ينطبرت نوبرقم ءاقدصأ
بعشلا ىلع تظحلاو ،ةقادصو لمع
لبقتيو فايضم بعش هنأ يتاراملإا
اودهش نيذلا يليج ءانبأ ةصاخ ،رخلآا
ينب قرفلا نكلو ،طلاتخلاا ةفاقث ةرتف
يشيع مكحبو نيدوعسلاو ينتاراملإا
وه ةيدوعسلا ةيبرعلا ةكلملما يف ةرتف
مهلزانلم كنوعديلا ينيتاراملإا ضعب نأ
تاداعلل كلذ دوعي ابمرو ردنام لاإ
.تاراملإا يف ةدئاسلا ديلاقتلاو
ةرادإ مسق يف بلاط ،يمشاهلا دمحأ
ةينقتلا تايلك يف ةثلاثلا ةنسلا لامعلأا
رايتخا نأب ىري ،بلاطلل يبد-ايلعلا
ةئيبلل دوعي هعم جمدني نلم ناسنلإا
وأ ةساردلا وأ لمعلا يف تناك ءاوس
يتلا يه ةكرتشلما لماوعلاف عمتجلما
يف :عباتيو ،جامدنلاا ةغيص ددتح
نوكي تلاحر يئاقدصأ مظني ةساردلا
لصاوتلا متيو اهنم ًاءزج ةذتاسلأا
يناسنلإا بنالجا ىلع فرعتلاو مهعم
امك ،يعمالجا مرلحا قاطن جراخ مهيدل
نوكي ةلودلا جراخ تلاحر انتيلك مظنت
.تافاقثلا لدابتو فراعتلا اهضرغ
رخلآا عم انجامدنا يف للخ انيدل له
رخلآا نأ مأ ؟نورصقلما نحن لهو
ةلئسأ ؟جامدنلاا نم ةبهر هيدل اضيأ
يف يحايس دشرم ،ليبن ديلو اهراثأ
ينارمعلا ثارتلا ةرادإ ،يبد ةيدلب
ينيتاراملإا نم سيل ريصقتلا :فاضأو
.ينتهلجا نم ريصقتلاف ،بناجلأا نم وأ
عم لماعتأ ناديلما يف يلمع للاخ نم
حاوسو ،ينميقم نم تتايسنلجا فلتخم
ةفرعم يف ةبغرلا هيدل لكو ينيتارامإو
لكشتي نكلو ،هتفاقث يف قمعتلاو رخلآا
لماعتلا ةيفيك نم ينحئاسلا ىدل فوخ
ةمولعلما لوصو ببسب ينيتاراملإا عم
عم لالحا اذكهو ،حيحص ريغ لكشب
ردصم كلانه سيل ذإ .ددلجا ينميقلما

نم كلانهف ،ضقانت كانه ،تفدرأو
لوقي نم كانهو ةلزع يف اننأب دقتعي
،انتيوه تبيغو رخلآا يف انبذ اننأب
اهلهأ نلأ يبدل عورشم لدج اذهو
.ةيلماع ةنيدم اهودارأ
ةعماج نم ةجيرخ ،يمركلادبع ةراس
تظحلا ،لامعأ ةرادإ مسق ،ةقراشلا
ًاضيأ يعمالجا مرلحا يف رملأا اذه
نلضفي اهتاذ ةيسنلجا نم تايتفلاف
دق :لوقت ،نايحلأا بلغأ يف اعم لمعلا
دقو ،يفاقثلا براقتلا ببسب اذه نوكي
ىرخأ نكامأ يف ادوجوم اذه نوكي
نكل ،اضيأ يعمالجا مرلحا جراخ
ىقبت ةعمالجا يف ةرهاظلا هذه ةظحلام
طلاتخلاا نأ ابمر :فيضتو ،لهسأ
ققحتي ةيبرعلا تايسنلجا ىدل لعافتلاو
نيدلا يف قافتلال ًارظن ربكأ ةروصب
،جيللخا ءانبأ عم لالحا كلذكو ،ةغللاو
طلاتخلاا يتأيو بسنلا توافتتو
.ةيناثلا ةبترلما يف بناجلأاب
يتلا لودلا نم دعت ةدحتلما تايلاولاو
ةعانص ريدصت يف ةمئاقلا ردصتت
ددع غلب ثيحب ،يبد ةراملإ ةحايسلا
ةينامثلا براقيام ينيناطيربلا ينحئاسلا
نم فلاآ ةسملخا براقيامو ،فلاآ
.ةدحتلما تايلاولا
"ةيلماع ةنيدم يبد" ةرابعو تاونس ذنم
تلاحملل كباهذ دنعف ،انلوح ددرتت
ظحلات كنإف اهيف ةرشتنلما ةيراجتلا
تايسنلجا نم ةريبك تاعومجم ةلوهسب
ةعومجم اميف ،ءارشلل تلالمحا داترت
ةركذت عطقت ىرخأو ،ماعطلا لوانتت
امنيب يئامنيسلا ضرعلا لوخدل
يف ثيدلحا فارطأ بذاجتت ةعومجم
رهجلما ةسدع انبرق ول اننأ لاإ ،يهاقلما
اهولخ انيأرل تاعومجلما هذه ىلع
نإف اودجو نإ نيذلا ينيتراملاإ نم
رركتي دهشلما اذه .اردان نوكي مهدوجو
قوس ىلإ دتيمو ةماعلا نكاملأا يف
،يسلافلا ءاميش تلهتسا اذكه ،لمعلا
اهثيدح ينطولا يبظوبأ كنب يف ةفظوم
(تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/رطم ءارفع ريوصت) .ةفلتخم تاراضح ينب لصاوت
جامدنلاا ةبهرو ةبغر ينب .يبد ءاسفيسف
رطم ءارفع
ةلود نم أزجتي لا ءزج يبد ةنيدم
ًةنيدم دعتو ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا
دمتعت ثيح لولأا زارطلا نم ةيحايس
ةقدنفلا يف يقرلا تايوتسم ىلعأ ىلع
ىلإ ةفاضإ ،يبنجلأا رامثتسلااو
ةيراضلحا تايوتسلماو تافاقثلا ددعت
تايئاصحلإل اقفو .ةيعامتجلااو
ىلع يوتتح يبد ةنيدم نإف ةيمسرلا
شياعتتو شيعت ةفلتخم ةيسنج 200
شيعي ةبسنلا هذه مضخ يفو ،ملاسب
مهتبسن زواجتت لا نيذلا تاراملإا ءانبأ
ةرئادل تايئاصحإ رخآ يف 12%
يف ينارمعلا طيطختلاو ءاصحلإا
قايسلا سفن يفو .2010 ماعل يبد
قيوستلاو ةحايسلا ةرئاد تنلعأ دقف
يف ،يبد ةموكحو ،يبد يف يراجتلا
تفاضتسا يبد قدانف نأب يفحص ربخ
ماع يف ارئاز نويلم 8,684,387
يف 7845819 نم رثكأ ةدايزب 2010
نأب ًاضيأ ربلخا لمشو .2009 ماع
ةيدوعسلاو ناريإو دنهلاو ةدحتلما ةكلملما
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70
نل يننأب تفشتكا حئاصن ةدع دعب
ةلوتفلما تلاضعلا يذ مسلجا ققحأ
تأدب .تلامكلماو تاطشنلما هذه نود
تاراسفتسا دعب تاطشنلما ىطاعتأ
راضمو دئاوف نع ةمات ةياردو ةلماش
.تاطشنلما
بوبح لامعتسا يف ًلاوأ تأدب
ةلحرلم تلقتنا كلذ دعبو ،ةينيملأا
تأرق يننأ نم مغرلا ىلعو ،تاطشنلما
ةطبترلما ةرطلخا تامولعلماو قئاقلحا
،ينعدري مل كلذ نكل ،تاطشنلماب
نيرهش لوأ يف ،اهلامعتسا تعباتو
تظحلا تاطشنملل يلامعتسا نم
يرهظو يهجو ىلع بابشلا بح روهظ
ةعرسب تسسحأ اضيأو ريبك لكشب
نع هثيدح رصان لمكيو،يبلق تاقد
يب رثؤتس اهنأ فرعأ تنك:تاطشنلما
اريبك حبصأو رمعلا يف مدقتأ امدنع
ضارو ًايلاح ديعس يننكلو ،نسلا يف
مغرلا ىلع ،يجرالخا يمسج لكش نع
يف يل ثدحيس ام فرعأ يننأ نم
لثم تاطشنلما نكلو ،مايلأا نم موي
ةلوهسب اهنع علقت نأ نكيملا ةراجيسلا
نأ ثيح ،اهرطاخم نم مغرلا ىلع
ببست اهنأ اهيلع بتُك رئاجسلا ةبلع
ليختف ،ضارملأا نم ريثكلاو ناطرسلا
ركذي مل يتلا تاطشنلما نع اذام يعم
:هلوقب هثيدح يهنيو ؟ريذتح يأ اهيلع
رارقلا ذاختا يف تعرست يننأ فرتعأ
اذل ،ةيبطلا تاداشرلإاب ثارتكلاا نود
نع داعتبلااب ينيضايرلا عيمج حصنأ
.تاطشنلما
.يرهظ
غلبي ةلاصلا يف ينبردتلما دحأرصان
تدب ،اماع نيرشع و سمخ رمعلا نم
همسج قسانت ةدش نم ةحضاو هقورع
هتصق انل درسي رصان أدب .هتماخضو
يف بردتأ تأدب:احزام تاطشنلما عم
ةلماك ةنس تلمكأ ،ينتنس ذنم ةلاصلا
روطت يأ ظلحأ ملو ةقاش نيراتم عم
امنيب ،يمسج تلاضعو لكش يف
،ةرتفلا سفن يف مضنا يذلا يقيدص
.ةلوتفلما تلاضعلا باحصأ نم حبصأ
ىتح هلعف يذلا ام بردلما لأسأ تأدب
ةملكب بردلما ينباجأ و ؟اذكه حبصأ
".تاطشنلما " ةدحاو
لالخ تاطشنلما ببست
يف نومرهلا ماظن يف
ثيح ناسنلإا مسج
ىلع رثؤت نأ نكيم
ومنلا نومره ليكشت
نكيمو ،مسلجا يف
لكاشم ببست نأ اضيأ
:لثم بابشلل ةيسفن
جازلما يف تابلقت
يناودعلا كولسلاو
نزلحاو ،بائتكلااو
ةقثلا ةلقو ،بعتلاو
.سفنلاب
بردلما هلاق ام بعوتسأ مل ةيادبلا يف
رورم عم نكلو ،ًامامتها هرعأ ملو
نوثدحتي بابشلا عمسأ تأدب مايلأا
مهدحأ ينءاج ىتح تاطشنلما نع
ينحصنيو تاطشنلما نع ينثدحيل
نكل ةركفلا تضفر ةيادبلا يف .اهب
نع لقت لا ةينمز ةدبم ةلوطب لك لبق
مغرلابو هنأ ىلإ راشأ امك ،رهشأ ةثلاث
تاطشنملل هلامعتسا ةرتف نأ نم
اهنأ فرتعي هنأ لاإ ،ًادج ةريصق تناك
.ةيحصلا هتلاح ىلع اريبك أرثأ تكرت
تاينيعستلا ةيادب يف :لائاق فاضأ
انكو ةلودلا وزغت دويلوهلا ملافأ تأدب
ةريبكلا ماسجلأا يوذ لاطبلأا دهاشن
انأدب اهنيحو ،ةلوتفلما تلاضعلاو
،مهماسجأب كلذ اولعف فيك لءاستن
ازئاح اهتقو ناك يذلا دلونرأ اصوصخ
.تقولا كلذ يف يبلموأ رتسم ةلوطب ىلع
ىلإ باهذلا يف بابشلا أدب اهدعب
بيردتلاو ةيضايرلا باعللأا تلااص
،جئاتن ةيأ نود نكلو ،رهشأ ةدعل
.لؤاستلا تاملاع تأدبو
ةحنم هيدل بلاط ىلإ ءاج ،ةرتف دعب
يل حابو ةدحتلما تايلاولا يف ةيسارد
ىلإ يداعلا لجرلا ريغي يذلا رسلاب
،ةلوتفم تلاضع يذ قلامع ناسنإ
نأ لواحي نأ ددرت نود هنم تبلطف
ىبلف ،ةيرحسلا تاطشنلماب ينيتأي
تأدب ،ديرأ ام يناطعأو بلطلا يل
ةيبط ةفصو نود تاطشنلما لامعتساب
امسج تينب نأ ىلإ تاداشرإ وا
تأدب ثيح 2001 ماع ىتح ،اقلامع
اهلوأو ،روهظلاب ةيبنالجا راثلآا ضعب
ةدلم فقوتأ ينتلعج يرهظ يف ةباصإ
ضارعلأا ةلحر تأدبو ،فصنو ةنس
ملالآا ضعبب ترعش امدنع ةيبنالجا
مللأا أدب مايلأا رورم عمو ،يرهظ يف
ادج ةئيس يتلاح تحبصأ ثيح ديازتي
ىفشتسلما ىلإ باهذلا تررق اهدنع
.بيبطلا ةعجارلم
جئاتنلا ترهظأ ،تاصوحف ةدع دعب
وه ربلخا ناكو يل ةريبك ةمدص
يننأ عم ،يتيلك يف فافج لوصح
يحصلا لكلأا ىلع ابظاوم تنك
نع فقوتلا تررق اهدعب ،ءالما برشو
يتلاح تداع ةدم دعب ،تاطشنلما ذخأ
تقولا كلذ ذنمو ،اهتعيبط ىلإ ةيحصلا
مدختسيلا نأب بعلا يأ حصنأ و
لا رضالحا تقولا يف ،تاطشنلما
يهو ةلضفلما يتبعلل دوعأ نأ عيطتسأ
يف مئادلا مللأا ببسب ماسجلاا لامك

ةئيه ءانبل تاطشنلما نومدختسي
ةيوق جئاتن ىلع نولصحي ةينامسج
تافص نمو ،عساو قاطن ىلع ةعيرسو
ىلع رهظت يتلا ةيجرالخا مسلجا
ةخفتنم نطب ةلضع تاطشنلما يطاعتم
يطاعتلم يلكلا مجلحاف ،ةريدستمو
حضاو لكشب اريبك نوكي تاطشنلما
يطاعتلما هجو نوكي كلذك ،تفلمو
.اريبكو اريدتسم
ةيعوتل ةلمح ءاشنلإ ةسام ةجاح كلانه
تاطشنلما تايبلسو رطاخبم بابشلا
لبق نم ةوطلخا هذه أدبت نأ نكيم و
،ةسردلما يف ينملعلماو ،ءابطلأاو ،ءابلآا
بجي .ةيضايرلا تلااصلاو ةموكلحاو
تاطشنلما ريثأت فرعي نأ بلاطلا ىلع
ىلع نوكي نأ هيلعو ،هدسج ىلع
نم ةيمك كلاهتسا نأب هياردو ملع
لا اهنأ امك ةلوهسب هلتقت دق تاطشنلما
ينحجان ينيضايرلا نم لعتج نأ نكيم
خسري ثيحب ،ةيضايرلا مهتايح يف
لامعتسا عم لماعتلا نأ هنهذ يف
ريوطتل ةيقلاخأ ريغ ةليسو تاطشنلما
تلامح ميظنت اضيأ لضفي .مسلجا
سرادلماو تايلكلا يف رثكأ ةيعوت
كلاهتسا ءوس ريثأت لوح يعولا رشنل
ينعتي ثيح بلاطلا ينب تاطشنلما
اهببست يتلا لكاشلما اوفرعي نأ مهيلع
نإف كلذك ،ليوطلا ىدلما ىلع تاطشنلما
ةلمحب مايقلا يف اريبك ارود ملاعلإل
يعامتجلاا لصاوتلا تاكبش ىلع ةيعوت
.كوبسيفلاو رتيوتلا لثم
ةبعل نأ انمعز اذإ ةغلابلما نم سيل
نود تاراملإا ةلود يف ماسجلأا لامك
ردان رمأ تاطشنلماو تلامكلما مادختسا
مزلجا نكيم لا هنإف ،كلذ عم ،ثودلحا
ريغ يعيبطلا ماسجلأا لامك بعلا نأب
ادج بعصي .اذه اننمز يف دوجوم
لامك بعلا ناك اذإ ام ىلع مكلحا
مأ يعيبط بعلا اقح وه ماسجلأا
ءاقل ءارجإب انمق .تاطشنملل طاعتم
ةيضايرلا ةلاصلا يف دمحأ بردلما عم
ناك .تاطشنلما عم هتبرتج نع انربخيل
تلاوطبلا ضعب زرحأ دق دمحأ بردلما
تاطشنلما لوانتي ناكو ،تانيعستلا يف
نادقف :لثم ءاسنلا ينب لكاشم ببسي
،توصلا يف ظلغو ،مسلجا تاينحنم
لامتحاو ،ةيرهشلا ةرودلا لكاشمو
.علصلاو اهعاطقنا
رضالحا تقولا يف
دوعأ نأ عيطتسأ لا
يهو ةلضفلما يتبعلل
ببسب ماسجلأا لامك
.يرهظ يف مئادلا مللأا
ينيضايرلا لبق نم ةيودلأا هذه ذخؤت
مهحنتمو بيردتلا يف مهدعاست اهنلأ
ضارعلأا لمحتل نودعتسم مهف ؛ةوقلا
.اهجئاتن ىلع لوصلحا لباقم ةيبنالجا
ءانبل ةبعل ماسجلأا لامك ةبعل دعت
تحبصأ اهنأ لاإ ،تلاضعلا ةيمنتو
يف ةضايرلا عاونأ نم اعون اضيأ
تاقباسم كانهو ،رضالحا تقولا
ذإ ،ماسجلأا لامك ةبعلل ةيمسر
تلااص ىلع اهتسرامم رصتقتلا
مجح صيلقتوأ ةدايز فدهبو ؛بيردتلا
مادختسا متي ،اهليكشتو تلاضعلا
لماكتم مسج ىلإ لوصولل تاطشنلما
،كلذ عمو ةسفانملل تلاضعلا لوتفمو
ةرورض سيل تاطشنلما مادختسا نإف
.فدهلا اذه قيقحتل
ابولسأ دعت ماسجلأا لامك ةبعل نإ
ةوقلاو تلاضعلا ريوطتل مدختسي
نمو ،تاطشنلما مادختسا نود ةيندبلا
ريقاقع كلاهتسا نود همسج ينبي
ةبعل يف ةيئاذغلا تلامكم وأ ةطشنم
قاش لمع ىلإ جاتحيس ماسجلأا لامك
.ةوجرلما جئاتنلا ىلع لوصحلل
ماسجلأا لامك بعلا ينب قرف كانه
مدختسي يذلا بعلالا ينبو ،يعيبطلا
بعلالا دعي ثيح ،تاطشنلما
ىوقلأا تاطشنلما مدختسي يذلا
نيذلا صاخشلأاف ،ةسفانلما يف
بابشلا لبق نم تاطشنلما كلهتست
،ًةداع .مسجلل يجرالخا لكشلا ءانبل
قيرط نع تاطشنلما هذه يمدقت متي
نيذلا لاجرلا ءلاؤهل ةيبط ةفصو
نومره جاتنإ يف لكاشم نوهجاوي
.نوريتسوتستلا
تافصو نود تاطشنلما كلاهتسا دعي
ىلع ًادج ريطخ ةيبط ةراشتساوا
ةيبلس راثآ ىلإ يدؤيو ،ةحصلا
تاطشنلما مادختسا حبصأ .ةحضاو
مادختسا ديازت دقو يلماع قلق ردصم
ينيضايرلا ريغو ينيضايرلا ينب ةيودلأا
يئادّعو ،ماسجلاا لامك باحصأو ،
نم تاجاردلا يبكارو ةليوطلا تافاسلما
ليمجو باذج لكش ىلع لوصلحا لجأ
.ةقاطلا نم ديزلما ىلع لوصلحاو
نم تاطشنلما كلاهتسا يدؤي دقو
ةريطخ تلااح ىلإ يبط هيجوت نود
نكيم يتلا ضارملأا نم ديدعلا كانهف
يف لكاشم لثم تاطشنلما اهببست نأ
.ةيبلقلا تابونلاو ،ناطرسلاو ،دبكلا
ةيلكلا يف راجفنا لصحي دق ًاضيأ
ةدعلما يف يلخاد فزنب ببستي امم
نإف كلذك ،ةريثك ىرخأ ضارمأو
ماظن ىلع اراض اريثأت تاطشنملل
مسج يف ةيومدلا ةيعولأاو بلقلا
.ناسنلإا
ماظن يف لالخ تاطشنلما ببست
نكيم ثيح ناسنلأا مسج يف نومرهلا
يف ومنلا نومره ليكشت ىلع رثؤت نأ
لكاشم ببست نأ اضيأ نكيمو ،مسلجا
جازلما يف تابلقت :لثم بابشلل ةيسفن
نزلحاو ،بائتكلااو ،يناودعلا كولسلاو
.سفنلاب ةقثلا ةلقو ،بعتلاو
ةمجانلا ةيسيئرلا ةيبنالجا راثلآا نم
لبق نم ينجوردنلأا طشنم كلاهتسا نع
،لوبتلارسعو ،مدلا رثخت لاجرلا
تاناويلحا جاتنإ ضافخناو ،علصلاو
طغض عافتراو ،زجعلاو ،ةيونلما
مدلا يف لورتسيلوكلا عافتراو مدلا
ةباصلإا رطخو ،ةيبلقلا تابونلاو
تابارطضلاا ةدايزو ،ىلكلا ضارمأب
نأ نكيم نومرهلا اذه نأ امك ،ةيسفنلا
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،تاطشنلما نم عاونأ ةثلاث كانه
ينجوردنلأا،كيلوبانلأا
عاونلأا هذه مسقنت ،ديوريتسوكيتروكو
.تاطشنلما نم ىرخأ عاونأ ةثلاث ىلإ
طشنلما اذه ربتعي :كيلوبانأ طشنم
نم دمتسيو ،امادختساو اعويش رثكلأا
دعاسي يذلا نوريتسوتستلا نومره
،تلاضعلا يف ينتوربلا ايلاخ ونم يف
رهظلما ينسحتل كيلوبانلأا مدختسي امك
ينجوردنأ طشنلما امأ ،لاجرلل يجرالخا
نوريتسوتستلا نومره ىلع يوتحيف
لكش ىلع لوصلحا يف دعاسي يذلا
ديوريتسوكيتروكلا امنيب ،يلوجر
جلاع لثم ةدع ضارغلأ مدختسيف
يف لكاشمو وبرلاو ةيساسلحا ضارمأ
.ايمزكلأاو ىلكلا
قحلا تقو يفو 1767 ماع يف ءاودلا
)دلونرأ فلودأ( ىرجأ 1849 ماع نم
هريثأت ترهظأ يتلا براجتلا ضعب
ماظنلا ىلع ريثأت هل ،مدلا ىلع ريبكلا
عرتخا 1889 ماع يف .هلمكأب يوضعلا
زاومو كاحم لوأ نوارب دراودإ زلراشت
ىلع يوتتح يتلا ةجتنلما داوملل يئاود
.نوريتسوتستلا نومره
امدقت بطلا زرحأ 1931 ماع يف ًاقحلا
يئاودلا روطتلا ناديم يف ايقيقح
ةيلمع فلودأ ثحابلا دجو امدنع
كلذ ذنمو ،نونتسوردنأ نومرهل ةقيقد
لوح يرتج ثاحبلأا نم ديزلماو تقولا
.هتاذ عوضولما
)تابلاطلل يبد ةيلك /اضرلا دمحم ميمصت(.بارتقلاا عونمم
(تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/ةبيشلا للهادبع ريوصت) .ةفلتلمخا تاطشنلما
مويلا بابشو تاطشنلما
ةبيشلا هللادبع
مسلجا ىلع ديازتلما بلطلل ًارظن
هذه يف نوقهارلما ىعسي ،قسانتلما
باذج مسج ىلع لوصلحا مايلأا
علطتي رصع يف نحن كلذل ؛قسانتمو
ماسجلأا لاكشأ ىلإ بابشلا هيف
.ةحصلا عوضوبم مامتهلاا نود
ىطاعت ىلإ نوعلطتي ينقهارلما مظعم
ةعيرسلا اهجئاتنل ارظن تاطشنلما
مسلجا لكش رييغت يف ةشهدلما
اهرطاخم ىلع فرعتلا نود يجرالخا
.ةيبنالجا اهراثآب فاك يعو نودو
يوضع بكرم )ديوريتسلا( تاطشنلما
)ينجولكيس( تاقلح ىلع يوتحي
لصأ ربتعيو يمدق بكرم وهو ،ةطبارتم
اذهل يئدبلما فاشتلاا تم .تاطشنلما

مدق ةرك بعلاك هقوقح نع هركف ةيأ
يتلا بقاوعلا عيمج هترسأ تلمتحو
.هتافو دعب تبترت
يف بلاط ًاماع ٢٢ دشار دمحم
لوقي ةقراشلا يف ةيكريملأا ةعمالجا
لاجاع اهتياهن ىلإ يتأت مدقلا ةرك ةنهم
بابسلأا نم ددع دوجو ببسب ،لاجآ وأ
ةبهولما نادقفو ،تاباصلإا كلذ يف ابم
صخشلا عنيم امم ؛نسلا يف مدقتلا وأ
ةبسانم هيملع ةجرد نود .بعللا نم
ىلع روثعلا بعصلا نم نوكي فوس
نم عيطتست يتلا ةديلجا ةفيظولا
قلق وأ فواخم نود شيعلا اهللاخ
نوكأ نأ ىنتمأ :لائاق دمحم فيضي
هسفن تقولا يف نكلو مدق ةرك بعلا
رخآ يفيظو بناج يل نوكي نأ ديرأ
نع تفقوت لاح يف ةليدب ةطخك نوكي
دكأتلل ةجاحب انأف ،ام موي يف بعللا
نود ةيرارمتسلاا ىلع رداق يننأ نم
ميلعتلا لامكتسلا ناولأا تفي مل .تابقع
كتقوو كتايح سركت نأ لاإ كيلع امف
.ربكأ ةعفنبم كيلع دوعي يذلا ءيشلل
نم يناعي فيس ،رضالحا تقولا يف
ةينهلما هتايح ترمد قاسلا يف ةباصإ
يف طارفلإا ببسب مدقلا ةرك يف
زوفلا يف ةبغرلا درجلم هسفن فازنتسا
يرودلا تايرابم مهأ نم ةدحاو يف
ةيميلعت ةداهش لمحي لا هنلأو ؛ريبكلا
ةفيظو ىلع روثعلا ىلع ارداق نكي مل
فسأي هنإ .هترسأ ةلاعلإ ؛ةبسانم
عفادب هذختا يذلا عرستلما هرارقل
فيس ركفي مل ،لالما ىلع لوصلحا
هناكمإب ناك ول .تقولا كلذ يف هرارقب
رظتنيس ناك فللخا ىلإ نامزلاب ةدوعلا
ةداهشلا ىلع لوصحلل تاونس عضب
ةفيظولا ىلع لوصلحاو ةيميلعتلا
ةايحو تباث يرهش لخدب هبسانلما
.هترسلأ ةرقتسم
مدقلا ةرك يبعلال يعامتجلاا ينمأتلا
يف ىرخلأا تاعاطقلا يقاب لثم
ةيعامتجلاا ةدعاسلما مدقت لاو ،دلابلا
تانامضلاو قوقلحاب امامتها يلوت لاو
لضفأ ةايح مهل رفوت يتلا ةيعامتجلاا
.ةريطلخا تاباصلإا ةلاح يف
دوجو ةيمهأ ىلع اضيأ ددشي ديعس
مدقلا ةرك يبعلا لبقتسلم ةيكذ ةطخ
بعلم ةرداغلم مهرارطضا لبق ،مهرسأو
هيأر يف عوضولما اذهف ،مدقلا ةرك
هليصافت عيمجب شقاني نأ بجيو مهم
يتلا ةيملأا نم ينبعلالا ءلاؤه ذاقنلإ
عوضوم حرط يغبني امك ،اهيف نوشيعي
وه نيأ ،ةلءاسملل يعامتجلاا نامضلا
؟مدقلا ةرك يبعلال يعامتجلاا نامضلا
لاؤسلا اذه ىلع درلا متي نأ بجي
.هب ةطبترم ةلئسأ ةدعو
مدقلا ةرك يبعلا نإ
نع ريثكلا نوفرعي لا
ىلع ةبترتلما بقاوعلا
مدقلا ةرك ةنهم رايتخا
لوصلحا نع يلختلاوأ
ميلعت ةجرد ىلع
بتارلا ببسب ةبسانم
يذلا يرغلما يرهشلا
نم براقي ام ىلإ لصي
.مهرد 100،000
ةرك بعلا ناك ،للها همحر دعس ملاس
بابشلا يدان عم هراوشم أدب ،مدق
قحلا تقو يف رصنلا يدان ىلإ لقتناو
ةركل ةارابم فصتنم يف تولما هجاو
عم مئاد عارص يف هتلئاع كرتو ،مدقلا
ىلع ئطالخا هدامتعلا ؛ةيلالما تابلطتلما
ملاس .هترسلأ اديحو لاخد مدقلا ةرك
هيدل نكي ملو يساردلا هميلعت لمكي مل
مدقلا ةرك بعل ،ةيتاراملإا مدقلا ةرك
يدانو ينطولا تاراملإا بختنم عم
1980 فصتنم ىلإ 1970 نم لصولا
1988 ماع يف ميكحتلا ةنلج ىلإ مضنا
لللمحا حبصأ كلذ دعب .2001 ماع ىتح
لبق ةقراشلا نويزفلت يف يضايرلا
تلاوطب ثلاث يف ديعس كراش ،هدعاقت
،بقللا ةلوطب زرحأو ،ىربك جيلخ
يدانل تلاوطب عبرأب زوفلا يف مهاس
ميكحتلل ريدقت ىلع لصح ،لصولا
ينلللمحا مهأ نم ادحاو ربتعيو،يلودلا
.دلابلا يف ةبعلل ينحجانلا
ةرك يبعلا نإف ،قباسلا للحملل اقفو
بقاوعلا نع ريثكلا نوفرعي لا مدقلا
مدقلا ةرك ةنهم رايتخا ىلع ةبترتلما
ةجرد ىلع لوصلحا نع يلختلاوأ
يرهشلا بتارلاب اعمط ةبسانم ميلعت
نم براقي ام ىلإ لصي يذلا يرغلما
تسيل ةلكشلما نإ :مهرد 100،000
يف انه انتفاقث يف نكلو ،ينبعلالا يف
مدقلا ةرك يبعلا مظعم ،تاراملإا ةلود
يف صقن نم نوناعي ليلجا اذه نم
نع زجعتس مدقلا ةركف اذل ،ميلعتلا
يرصعلا روطتلا يف نمزلا ةرك ةاراجم
لوصلحا نود نم دلبلا اذه يف انه
ىلعو ،ةفرعلما نم ةبسانم رداصم ىلع
تانينيامثلاو تاينيعبسلا ليج سكع
ةلمح نم ينبعلالا مظعم ناك ثيح
.ةيعمالجا وأ ةماعلا ةيوناثلا تاداهش
ةبسن ىلع روثعلا كنكيم :عباتيو
بابشلا ينبعلالا ىدل ةيملأا نم ةيلاع
نلأ مدقلا ةرك لاجم يف ينئشانلا
.ةسردلما ىلإ نوبهذي لا مهنم ديدعلا
مدقلا ةرك يداون نإف :ييأر يف
ةيملأا رصع ىلإ ينبعلالا ءلاؤه تبحس
ارداق نوكي نل مهنم ًايأ نأ ثيح
ةقيرطبو ٍ ديج ىوتسبم لصاوتلا ىلع
ينب ةنراقملل لاجم كانه سيل ،ةحيحص
لوصلحا ينبو مدقلا ةرك بعلا لخد
ةركلا بعلاف ، ةيعمالجا ةداهشلا ىلع
هتايح نم اماع نيرشع بعلي فوس
نم اهتياهنل ةينهلما هتايح لصت فوسو
.ءادلأا نع زجع وأ ةباصإ للاخ
مدقلا ةرك يداون رفوت لا ،ظلحا ءوسلو
73

74
ةدلم فقوتلا ىلع ينتربجأ ةيحارج
تاميلعتل ًارظن ةيلاتتم رهشأ ةعبس
جلاعلا ةرتف ءاهتنا دعب صتخلما بيبطلا
عوجرلل ىوقأ زفاحب بيردتلل تدع
يسفن ريضحتل ةباصلإا لبق ام ىوتسلم
.مداقلا مسوملل
تاراملإا حتفتس امدنع :رساي فاضأ
باهذلل ينبعلال لاجلما ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا
يف ةفرتحم داون ٍ يف ةكراشلما و
ةركلا ىوتسم روطتي فوس جرالخا
مدقت لاثلما ليبس ىلعف ،تاراملإا يف
بعلل بلطب مكلا نادمح ليمزلا بعلالا
.يسنرفلا نويل يدان قيرف عم
يف بلاط ،اماع 22 ،نماغلا ميهاربإ
نويللمحا نوبعلالا :لوقي قوقلحا ةيلك
نولصحي يتلا تآفاكلما لك نوقحتسي
انتفاقث نم ءزج مدقلا ةرك نلأ ؛اهيلع
هذه ىلع نوظفاحي مدقلا ةرك يبعلا و
تلاوطبلا نوققحيو ةيضايرلا ةفاقثلا
نأ نودقتعي نورخآ :فيضيو ،ةلودلل
ًادج ريثك مدقلا ةرك بعلا هينجي ام
ضرأ يف دوهج نم هدهاشن ابم ًةنراقم
.بعللما
لمعي اماع 25 يتارامإ ،دمحأ دلاخ
ةرك وبعلا :لوقي ةحلسلما تاوقلا يف
بولطلما لكشلاب نودؤيلاو نوللدم مدقلا
مهنإ :دلاخ فيضي ،بعللما ضرأ ىلع
تآفاكلماو لاوملأا هذه لك نوقحتسيلا
. اهيلع نولصحي يتلا
ةيتاراملإا مدقلا ةركل عيرسلا روطتلا
لودلاب ًةنراقم ًادج ائيطب ربتعي
مدقلا ةرك ءادأ ،ظلحا ءوسل ،ىرخلأا
حيحص ،أوسلأا ىلإ هجتي ةيتاراملإا
انلاقتنا نكلو ،ًاينهم نومدقتم اننأ
طيطخت نود تم فارتحلال عيرسلا
ققحن نأ انل فيك ببسلا اذهلو ديج
نأ دقتعأ ؟ةنهلما هذه يف جئاتنلا لضفأ
لضفأ يف تناك ةيتراملإا مدقلا ةرك
لللمحا ىري اذكه ،قباسلا يف اهجئاتن
.للهادبع ديعس يضايرلا
ةرك يبعلا لضفأ نم دحاو وه ديعس
خيرات يف ينلللمحاو ،ينمكلمحاو ،مدقلا
ديحولاو لولأا يملح ناك دقل :رغصلا
ًارظن ،تاونس سمخ يرمع ناك نأ ذنم
يننوربكي نيذلا يتوخإ عيمج نأ ىلإ
يف لاطبأ مهو مدق ةرك وبعلا ًانس
.ةبعللا
لاجلما يه مدقلا ةرك ،رسايل اقفو
مغرلا ىلع هيف هسفن ىري يذلا ديحولا
ةنهم يه ةمهلما هذه :رطاخلما عيمج نم
رئاس لثم تسيلو ريصقلا ىدلما ىلع
لصن ىتح بعلن اننإ ،ىرخلأا فئاظولا
،ابيرقت ينثلاثلاو ةسمالخا نس ىلإ
امك زجنن نأو بعلن نأ نكيم لا ثيح
.قباسلا يف
صخشلا ناك اذإ
هتسارد يف لاشاف
ةيندتم هتاجردو
ةرك يدانب قحتليسف
فده ليجستل مدقلا
ىلع رداق هنأ هرعشي
.حاجنلا
ةرك نأ اضيأ رساي دقتعي كلذ عمو
هدلاب ةمدلخ هل ةبسنلاب ةليسو يه مدقلا
تايدحتلا نإ :عمتجملل لضفلأا يمدقتو
لمعلا اذه عم يتأت يتلا تابقعلاو
قحتسن ،مدق ةرك يبعلاك ،انتلعج
ببسب اهيلع لصحن يتلا تآفاكلما
انيلع مكتح يتلا ةيضايرلا فورظلا
بيردتلا ضرغل روهشلاب انرسأ كرتب
اينطو مدقلا ةرك تايرابم يف بعللاو
.ايلودو
لوتح يتلا قئاوعلا ربكأ نم ةدحاو
نأ لامتحا وه ينبعلالا حانج نود
ىرخأ ةرم بعللا ىلع ًارداق نوكي لا
بعللما يف ثدتح يتلا تاباصلإا ببسب
ةباصلإ تضرعت ،يضالما ماعلا يفف
ةيلمعب مايقلل تررطضاو يتبكر يف
بابسلأا ضعب نم نإف يبد يف ةيدنلأا
تاجردلاو رقفلا ةرهاظلا هذهل ةيسيئرلا
بعلم نإف يلاتلابو ،ةسردلما يف ةئيسلا
عتمتلل ديحولا مهقيرط وه مدقلا ةرك
مايقلا كيلع ام لك ،ةلهسلا ةايلحاب
لثم حبصتل اراهنو لايل بردتلا وه هب
،ينايلطلا ناندع روهشلما ةركلا بعلا
ةركلا خيرات يف ينبعلالا لضفأ دحأ
لهأتلا فده لجس يذلاو ةيتاراملإا
.١٩٩٠ ةنس ايلاطيإ يف ملاعلا سأكل
تاراملإا ةلود يف مدقلا ةرك ماظن
كلت نع ًاماتم فلتخي ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا
كانه نوبعلالا .برغلا يف ةمظنلأا
عون يأ ىلإ مامضنلاا مهنكيم لا
تناك اذإ ةسردلما يف ةضايرلا نم
يف اولشف اذإ وأ ةئيس مهتاجرد
ريمس لاق ،ةيمازللإا داولما نم يأ
جرالخا يف سرد يذلا بلاطلا ،ينسح
بلطلا :هتايح نم تاونس عبس ةدلم
احجان بلاطلا نكي ملام ايئاقلت ضفري
ماظن ذيفنت :ريمس فاضأ ،اييمداكأ
ىلع يننمدلماو مدقلا ةرك يبعلال لثامم
ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود يف ةضايرلا
.ًايباجيإ ًاريثأت ثدحي فوس ةدحتلما
اهنإ :يتارامإ لثمم ،يبويلأا رمع لوقي
ىلع لوصحلل عيملجا اهانمتي ةنهم
فوفحم اهقيرط نكلو ،رقتسم لخد
ةرك بعلا باصي امدنعف ،رطاخلماب
ىتح هلامهإ متي ةارابم للاخ مدقلا
اذإف ديدج نم هتوقو هتيفاع درتسي
ىلع ثحبلا هيلعف ،هتباصإ أربت مل
هنكلو ديج يرهش لخدب ىرخأ هفيظو
ةجردلا نود اهيلع روثعلا عطتسي نل
اذإ :رمع فيضيو ،ةمزلالا ةيميلعتلا
،هتسارد يف لاشاف صخشلا ناك
ةرك يدانب قحتليسف ةيندتم هتاجردو
رداق هنأب هرعشي فده ليجستل مدق
.حاجنلا ىلع
بعلا ،ًاماع ٢٦ بحاص رطم رساي
يدان يف ًايلاح بعلي حومط مدق ةرك
ةداهش ىلع لصاح ،يتاراملإا ةريزلجا
راسم ذختا رساي .ةماعلا ةيوناثلا
ذنم ريبكلا هفغشل هتدارإب مدقلا ةرك

؟ضماغ لبقتسم مأ كابشلا يف فده
ىلإ نوؤجلي ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا
ينفرتحملل مدقلا ةرك يداونل مامضنلاا
ةورثلا ىلإ لوصولل رصتخم قيرطك
لبقتسلماو يلاعلا ميلعتلا مهءارو ينكرات
يف . مللحا فده ليجستل نومضلما
نوثلاثو ةثلاث ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود
عنصل سفانتت اهلكو مدقلا ةركل ايدان
رايتخلاا اذهف ،ةلودلل يورُكلا خيراتلا
تارايخ يأ مدقلا ةرك يبعلا يطعيلا
عيمج نع مهراصبأ سمطتف ،ىرخأ
نوكت دقو مهرظتنت يتلا ةحاتلما صرفلا
ىلإ نوفرصنيو ،ىندأ وأ ينسوق باق
.لالماو فارتحلاا رايخ
نوكرتي ينيتاراملإا بابشلا نم ريثك
ةرك ةيدنأ دحأ ىلإ مامضنلال مهتسارد
مدقلا ةرك بردلم اقفوو ،دلابلا يف مدقلا
دحأ يف راغصلا ةيبصلا بردي يذلا
بابشلا نم ديدعلا نم دحاو وه فيس
رارقلا اذه اوذختا نيذلا ينعفايلا
ةقيرط لهسأ ىلع لوصحلل عيرسلا
ىلإ يعسلا نم لادب ريفولا لالما بسكل
ىلع لوصلحاو ةيميلعتلا تاجردلا ىلعأ
،تاراملإا ةلود يف .ةيعماج هداهش
نم ريثكلا ىلع مدقلا ةرك وبعلا لصحي
يزاوي يرهش لخد ىلإ ًلاوصو دئاوفلا
فرتلا ةايح نوشيعيو ،ءارزولا بتار
. تآفاكلما نم ديدعلا عم ةيهافرلاو
نإف ةديغرلا ةايلحا هذه نم مغرلاب
ىلع ةرداق ريغو ًةليقث ودبت مهمادقأ
،رضخلأا عبرلما يف فادهلأا ديدست
عيمجب ملالحا مهريكفت لاغشنلا
مهريكفت لغشت يتلا ةيتايلحا شماوهلا
.بعللما يف
ةلود يف عمتجم يف دارفلأا ةيبلغأ
)يكتسبلا رمع ريوصت( .مدقلا ةرك ةبعل نونهتيم نويتاراملإا بابشلا
فيرشلا ةزوم
ًادلو فيس ناك ،1978 ماع يف
ىلعأ نم هتاجرد تناكو ،ةياغلل ًاحومط
عيضاولما لك يف هئلامز ينب تاجردلا
ام عيمج هدلاو رسخ نأ ىلإ ،ابيرقت
ينب ًارئاح فيس فقو ،لاومأ نم كليم
دلولا ناك هنلأ ؛هترسأ ةلاعإو هميلعت
مدق ةرك بعلا فيس ناك .ديحولا
همدقي ناك ام هل ردقي عيملجاو ،ابوهوم
ةرك قيرف ىلإ همامضنا دعب بعللما يف
ظحلا ،مايلأا دحأ يف .ةسردلما مدقلا
هنم برتقاو هتبهوم يدانلا ءلاكو دحأ
دحأ ىلإ همامضنا ةصرف هيلع ضرعي
فيس نلأو ،ةروهشلما مدقلا ةرك يداون
عطتسي مل ًايدام هتلئاع معد ديرُي ناك
ىلختف ،يرغلما ضرعلا اذه ةمواقُم
يميلعتلا هلبقتسم رسخو هتسارد نع
يدالما لخدلا ىلع لوصلحا لجأ نم
.عيرسلا
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76
امدنع داوج لوأ يتدلاو يل ترتشا
ثيح ،رمعلا نم تاونس عبرأ تغلب
تنك ىننلأ هبوكر ىلع ينعجشت تناك
يدل تنم دقف اذهلو ،تاناويلحا بحأ
يه يتلا يتدلاو للاخ نم ةبغرلا هذه
طنم ناك يتلاو ،يكيرمأ لصأ نم
يضتقي اهدلب يف قباسلا اهتايح
دايلجا نم ريبك ددعو لبطصا دوجو
ناصلحا رهظ نع تعقو يننأب ركذتأ
نم ةسداسلا يف تنك امدنع ةرم لوأ
ضوهنلا ىلع يتدلاو ينتدعاس ،رمعلا
ةرم داولجا رهظ ىلع بكرلأ ينتداعإو
يملعت ءانثأ يف ينبقارت تناك ،ةيناث
ةبرجتلا هذه ينتملع دقل ،ليلخا بوكر
.اقلاطإ ليلخا بوكر ىشخأ لا نأب
دقف دلحا اذه دنع رملأا فقي ملو
فيرشلا ةراس تعقوو ةثدالحا ترركت
نع فقوتلا اهتقو تررق و ،تارم ةدع
تغلب امدنع ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم
ةباصلإا ببسب رمعلا نم ًاماع 12
دعبو هنأ لاإ ،اهرهظ يف ةديدشلا
ىلع اهتدلاو اهتعجش ينتنس رورم
اهتياوه ةسراممو ليلخا بوكر ةدواعم
نم ًاماع 15 تغلب امدنعو ،ةلضفلما
امدنع ليلخا قابس يف تكراش رمعلا
بلطو دمحم نب نادمح خيشلا اهدهاش
صالخا يدانلا ىلإ مامضنلاا اهنم
ةراس تمضنا ةنس رورم دعبو .هومسب
لازتامو ةيسورفلل عازف يدان ىلإ
.مويلا ىتح هيف اوضعو ةسراف
تعمس الماطل :ةلئاق هراس فدرتو
راذعأك ،ديلاقتلاب نججحتي تايتفلا
ةيسورفلا ةضاير نهتسرامم مدعل
انأف ،ًاماتم ئطاخ موهفلما اذه نأ لاإ
عونلا نم انأو ،ةلجرتسم ةأرما تسل
لاو ، هتثونأ ىلع ظفاحيو متهي يذلا
يتثونأ ىلع ترثأ دق يتياوه نأب دقتعأ
نأب دقتعأ لا يننإف ،كلذك ،ًاقلاطإ
نأ نكيم ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم
.ةلجرتسم ةاتفلا لعتج
نب دمحم تنب ةفيطل ةخيشلا ،موتكم
نم تايرخأ تاوضع ىلإ ةفاضإ ،دشار
لمعت ،كلذ ىلع ةولاع .موتكم لآ ةلئاع
ةجوز ،كرابم تنب ةمطاف ةخيشلا ومس
ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود مكاح موحرلما
دياز خيشلا دلاولا هل روفغلما ةدحتلما
قوقح معد ىلع ،نايهن لآ ناطلس نب
داتحلاا( اهتسسؤم للاخ نم ةأرلما
لبق هسيسأت تم يذلا )ماعلا يئاسنلا
يئاسنلا داتحلاا لمعي امك ،ةنس 34
شروو تاقباسلما ةماقإ ىلع ماعلا
،ةأرلما ةيضق زيزعتل تايلاعفلاو لمعلا
ةيلاعف ، رصلحا لا لاثلما ليبس ىلعو
ةصالخا كرابم تنب ةمطاف ةخيشلا
ثحبت يتلاو ،ءاسنلل ةيلودلا ةلوطبلاب
يف ةكراشملل ةاوهلا ءاسنلا عجشتو
.ةيبرعلا ةيسورفلا تاقابس
نم ةيسورفلا ةضاير
ةرطلخا تاضايرلا
ًاصوصخ ،ًادج
نهنلأ ،ثانلإل ةبسنلاب
نع نطقسي ابمر
ببستيو داولجا رهظ
تاباصإب نهل كلذ
هذه نأ امك ،ةريطخ
ةبسانم ريغ ةضايرلا
فعض ببسب ءاسنلل
ةضرع نهف نهماسجأ
روسكلاب ةباصلإل
نم رثكأ ماظعلا يف
.لاجرلا
ًاماع 21 فيرشلا هراس يورت ،كلذك
ةيسورفلا ةضاير اهتلوازم لوح اهتصق
:تاونس عبرأ اهرمع ناك نأ ذنم
يعنم ببس ناك دقو ،روكذلا يتوخأ
نأ وه ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم نم
ةاتفلا نأب أطخ عابطنا اهيدل يتلئاع
هذه ببسب اهتيرذع دقفت نأ نكيم
.ةضايرلا
لوقي )انايبرع( يقئاثولا مليفلا يف
يئاصخلأا ،رومس لئاو روتكدلا
لا :ةيئاسنلا ضارملأاو ةدلاولا تايلمعب
ىلع رثؤت نأ ةيسورفلا ةضايرل نكيم
مسج حيرشت بسحو .ةاتفلا ةيرذع
لاصتا كانه دجويلا هنأ دنج ،ىثنلأا
يف ةساسلحا ءاضعلأا ينب رشابم
ءيش يأ وأ ،ليلخا جرس ينبو ةأرلما
ةضاير ةيأ يف ليلخا جرس لثايم
.ىرخأ
بردلما ،يداملحا فسوي لوقي امنيب
يذلا ةيسورفلل يلودلا يبد يدان يف
دمحم خيشلا ومسلا بحاص هكليم
يف تلمع دقل :موتكم لآ دشار نب
تس ةدلم ةيسورفلل يلودلا يبد يدان
ةديس 15 بيردتب تمق ثيح ،تاونس
ةيناكمإ نم ًاقلاطإ نهتيشخ نيدبي مل
بحاص نأ امك ،نهتيرذع نادقف
ةلود ءاسن عجشي دمحم خيشلا ومسلا
ةضايرلا هذه ةسرامم ىلع تاراملإا
ةيسورفلا تاقباسم روضح قيرط نع
كلذك ،قابسلا ةياهن ىتح اهعيجشتو
ةثلاث انروزي ومسلا بحاص ناك دقف
يتلا تقولا يف عوبسلأا يف مايأ
بوكر نسرايم تاسرافلا هيف تناك
خيشلا ةيؤر نأ امك .يدانلا يف ليلخا
يف لوخدلا ىلع ءاسنلا عجشت دمحم
ةيؤرلا هذه تللكت ثيح ،ناديلما اذه
تلصو امدنع 2004 ماع يف حاجنلاب
ةضاير نسرايم يتاوللا ثانلإا ةبسن
.40% ىلإ تاراملإا ةلود نم ةيسورفلا
ةبسن تلصو 2012 يلالحا ماعلا يفو
.80% ىلإ نهتكراشم
دمحم خيشلا ومسلا بحاص بناج ىلإ
دارفأ نم رخآ ددع كانه ،دشار نب
نوعجشيو نومعدي ةمكالحا ةرسلأا
ةيسورفلا ةضايرل ءاسنلا ةسرامم
تنب ايه ةريملأا :لاثلما ليبس ىلعو
لآ رشح تنب ةيدم ةخيشلا ،ينسلحا

هيلع قلطأ يقئاثو مليف يريهلما نانح
ءاسنلا ىلع هيف تزكر و )انايبرع( مسا
ةيسورفلا ةضاير نسرايم يتاوللا
ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود يف
هذه لوح يبلسلا سانلا ريكفت ىلعو
.ةضايرلا
ةسسؤم ،يريهلما نانح يورت و
اهسيسأت تم يتلا ،انايبرع ةعومجم
ءاسن تس لبق نم 2007 ماع يف
:لاجلما اذه يف اهتبرتج تايتارامإ
اههجاوأ تنك يتلا تايدحتلا ىدحإ
يف نكي مل ذإ ،يدلاو ددرت تناك
ةضاير يتسراملم ًاحاترم ةيادبلا
ديرأو حومطلاب ةمعفم تنك .ةيسورفلا
نكي مل يدلاو نأ لاإ ،ءيش يأ ملعت
ةكراشلما نأب دقتعي ناك هنلأ ينعجشي
يباهذ ىلإ ةفاضإ ةفلتخلما ةطشنلأا يف
.يتسارد ىلع رثؤت نأ نكيم ةيلكلا ىلإ
،نانح دلاو عم اهؤارجإ تم ةلباقم يف
ةيسورفلا ةضاير :هرظن ةهجو حرش
ًاصوصخ ،ًادج ةرطلخا تاضايرلا نم
نع نطقسي ابمر نهنلأ ،ثانلإل ةبسنلاب
تاباصإب نهل كلذ ببستيو داولجا رهظ
ريغ ةضايرلا هذه نأ امك ،ةريطخ
نهماسجأ فعض ببسب ءاسنلل ةبسانم
يف روسكلاب ةباصلإل ةضرع نهف
.لاجرلا نم رثكأ ماظعلا
ةبغرل نانح دلاو لثتما ،رملأا ةياهن يف
ةسرامبم ةفوغش اهدجو امدنع هتنبا
.ةيسورفلا ةضاير
تلائاعلا ضعب كانه ،رخآ ديعص ىلع
اهتانبل ةمراص دعاوق عضت يتلا
ةضاير ةسرامبم نهل حامسلا مدعب
نأب ئطالخا داقتعلاا ببسب ةيسورفلا
ءانثأ يف اهتيرذع دقفت نأ نكيم ةاتفلا
.ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم
23 رمعلا نم ةغلابلا يلع ءايلع لوقت و
ةيسورفلا يدان ىلإ تبهذ دقل :ًاماع
يتلئاع ةقفاوم نود يتياوه ةسراملم
مغرلا ىلع ةركفلا هذه ضراعت اهنلأ
ريبك ددعو ةريبك ةعرزلم اهكلاتما نم
لبق نم طقف مدختست يتلا دايلجا نم
نم ةدمتسلما ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم
.اهيلع ةدمتعلماو ديلاقتلا
ةضاير ةسرامم :ىدن تفاضأ امك
ًارظن ةثونأ رثكأ ةأرلما لعتج ةيسورفلا
داولجا بكار ملعت ةضايرلا هذه نلأ
عم ًافطاعتمو بلقلا ينل نوكي نأب
ىلع ةولاع ،هضيورت لجأ نم داولجا
ةيصخش ززعت ةضايرلا هذه نإف :كلذ
ةقثو ةوق رثكأ نوكت يكل ىثنلأا
.اهسفنب
ءاسنلا نم ًامومع عقوتي هنلأ ًارظنو
نرهظي يكل ةيوثنأ تاحسم نرهظي نأ
نم عون يأ نإف ،ةقانأو ةيبذاج رثكأ
ةأرلما ةثونأ نم للقي نأ نكيم ةضايرلا
نولءاستي سانلا لعجي نأ هنأش نم
ةفاقثلاو ديلاقتلا دعت
بابسلأا يه ةثراوتلما
لعتج يتلا ةيسيئرلا
ةيتاراملإا تلائاعلا
ةسرامم نم اهتانب عنتم
ةيسورفلا ةضاير
،ةيسنلجا اهلويمو ةأرلما ةثونأ لوح
ًاقفو ًامومع نوؤشني لافطلأا نإف كلذك
روظنم نم ةيجولويبلا مهسنج ةعيبطل
دلاولأا يلاهأ نأ ثيح ،يعامتجا
ةطشنلأا ضعب نورصقي ام ًابلاغ
رخلآا نود ينعم سنج ىلع ةيضايرلا
نم ةنيعم عاونأ تفنص ببسلا اذهل
بوكرو ةحابسلا لثم ةيدايلحاب ةضايرلا
ربكأ بذتتج يتلاو ،ةيئاوهلا تاجاردلا
.ينسنلجا لاك نم ينكراشلما نم ةبسن
ةضايرلا نم اعاونأ كانه نأ امك
ىلع ربكأ لكشب اهل جيورتلا تم
ءاسنلا لاإ اهسراتم لاو ةيروكذ اهنأ
.تلاجرتسلما
ةيتاراملإا تجرخأ 2006 ماع يف
.هنزاوت ىلع
ضفر وأ لوبق ينب رئادلا لدلجا يفو
تلائاعلا نإف ،ءاسنلل ةيسورفلا
تاعومجم ثلاث ىلإ مسقنت ةيتاراملإا
اهتانبل ىلولأا ةعومجلما حمست ثيح
ةيأ نود ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامبم
اهتانبل ةيناثلا ةعومجلما حمستو ،دويق
نمض نكلو ،ةضايرلا هذه ةسرامبم
نود ةيصوصلخاب فصتت نكامأ
ديؤتلا امنيب ،تاقباسلما يف ةكراشلما
لاكشأ نم لكش يأ ةثلاثلا ةعومجلما
لبق نم ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم
.ءاسنلا
روصنلما ينسح ىدن ةيتاراملإا دعتو
نايعأ يدانل ةيذيفنتلا ةريدلماو ةكلالما
ىلولأا ةيتراملإا ،"ةيسورفلل يبد
ةيسورفلل دان لوأ حاتتفاب تماق يتلا
ةدلم يدانلا لبقتسي ثيح ،تاديسلل
ةنسلا يف رهشأ ةسمخ نع لقت لا
يف بنغري يتاوللا ءاسنلا ًايرصح
ترهظأ دقو ،ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم
يف تابردتلما ءاسنلا ددع نأب تانايبلا
لولحب ةأرما 300 ىلإ لصي يدانلا
حوارتت ،ماع لك نم سرام رهش
نهبلغأو ،ةنس 50-14 ينب نهرامعأ
روصنلما تأدب امدنع .تاقهارلما نم
اهنكلو ،طقف ناداوج اهيدل ناك اهلمع
،تاكراشلما ددع ةدايز ءوض ىلعو ،نلآا
صالخا لبطصلاا يف ًاداوج 32 كلتتم
مادختسلال ةدعم دايج ةينامث ،اهب
.طقف صالخا
روصنلما ىدن عم تيرجأ ةلباقم يفو
يه ةثراوتلما ةفاقثلاو ديلاقتلا دعت :تلاق
تلائاعلا لعتج يتلا ةيسيئرلا بابسلأا
ةسرامم نم اهتانب عنتم ةيتاراملإا
يناثلا ببسلا امأو ،ةيسورفلا ةضاير
عاونأ ةسرامم نأب داقتعلاا يف نمكيف
ىلع رثؤت نأ نكيم ةضايرلا نم ةنيعم
ءاسنلا نأب ملعن اننأ لاإ ،ةاتفلا ةيرذع
لقن ةليسوك لويلخا بنكر تايبرعلا
بورلحا ءانثأ يف كلذكو ،يضالما يف
نم ليلجا اذه ءاسن عنتم اذاملف
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)تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/لاعلما ءايلم ريوصت( .ليلخا بوكرل ةضورفلما قئاوعلاو ةأرلما
؟ناسنلإا عنص نم قئاوع :ليلخا بوكرو ةأرلما
نع فقوتلا تررق اهدنعو ،ةءابعلاو
رعشأ تنك يننلأ ةضايرلا هذه ةسرامم
ةضاير ةسرامم يناكمإب دعي مل هنأب
تحنس نأ ىلإ ،لاجرلا مامأ ةيسورفلا
تممضنا امدنع ًاثيدح ةصرفلا يل
يكل ءاسنلاب صاخ ةيسورف يدان ىلإ
.يملح قيقتح نم نكتمأ
رثلأا يف ةيسورفلا ةضاير دئاوف ىلجتت
ةيسفنلاو ةنيدبلا ةحصلا ىلع يباجيلإا
دعاست ةضايرلا هذه نلأ ًارظن ،درفلل
لمعت ،كلذك ،مسلجا لقصو ةيمنت ىلع
يطتمم هابتنا ةدايز ىلع ةضايرلا هذه
ةيومدلا ةرودلا زيفتح للاخ نم داولجا
ةردقلا ينستح ىلإ ةفاضلإاب ،سفنتلاو
ةظفالمحاو مسلجا تاكرحب مكحتلا ىلع
يهو .م .ل انربخت ،صوصلخا اذه يف
سراتمو اهرمع نم نيرشعلا يف ةاتف
نم ةسداسلا اهغولب ذنم ةيسورفلا
ةلئاع نم انأ :لوقت اهتربخ نع ،رمعلا
تناك ،ةدحاو ةاتفو نيدلو نم ةنوكم
ةسرامم ىلع ًامئاد انعجشت انتدلاو
لوقل ًلااثتما ةضايرلا عاونأ ةفاك
اوملع :باطلخا نب رمع يننمؤلما ريمأ
بوكرو ةيامرلاو ةحابسلا مكدلاوأ
يطتمأ تنك امدنع ةرم تاذو .ليلخا
للها دمحأو ،هرهظ نع تعقو داولجا
مل كلذك ،ةطيسب تناك يتاباصإ نأ
قيقتح نم ينعنيم ءيش يأ كانه نكي
ينتهجاو ةبقع ربكأ نأ لاإ .يتاحومط
،ًاماع رشع ةسمالخا تغلب امدنع تناك
باجلحا ءادترا يلع ينعتي ناك ثيح
لاعلما ءايلم
تايتاراملإا ءاسنلا ىلع رظحي اذالم
لهو ؟ةضايرلا نم ةنيعم عاونأ ةسرامم
ةضايرلا نم ًاعاونأ كانه نأ حيحص
ىلع ركح اهنأ اهفنصن نأ نكيم
؟لاجرلا
عاونأ ىدحإ يه ةيسورفلا ةضاير
ينسنلجا لاك اهسرايم يتلا ةضايرلا
ءاضعأ ةفاكل ةديفم اهتسرامم نأ ثيح
،ةيلسم ةياوه دعت اهنأ امك ،مسلجا
ةضايرلا هذهل نإف ،كلذ ىلع ةولاع
كلذو ؛ةيعامتجلااو ةيسفنلا اهدئاوف
يفضتو ةقثلا صخشلا حنتم اهنلأ
ضعب نأ لاإ ،ةيللاقتسلااب ًاروعش هيلع
دئاوفلا هذه نم تامورحم ءاسنلا
.ثراوتلما يفاقثلا ريثأتلا ببسب

مهئاقدصأ ةفرعمو مهدوجو نكامأ
.مهتاقوأ ءاضق ةيفيكو
تافاقثلا عونتو ءابلآا فارشإ بايغ نإ
ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود يف ةيبنجلأا
راشتنا يف مظعلأا رثلأا هل ناك ةدحتلما
يذلا رملأا ،بابشلا ينب ينكاكسلا
ينملعلما ريثأتو ذوفن عجارتب ًاءوس دادزا
يعو عجارت ىلإ ىدأ امم ،سرادلماو
ذوفن عستاو فنعلا رطاخبم ةبلطلا
فنعلا سركي يذلاو هجولما ريغ ملاعلإا
ملافلأا اهنم ةريثك تاقيبطت للاخ نم
.ةينورتكللاا باعللأاو
اهذحشب نوموقيو اهنورتشي بابشلا
ماقتنا وأ ةيامح ةحلسأك اهومدختسيل
فيضي امك ،بعللاو ةاهابملل وأ
ىدحإ ىلإ مضنيل هتوعد تتم هنأب
ئبتخت نأب داتعت تناك يتلا تاباصعلا
نم ديدعلا اهتزوح يفو ةميخ يف
متي نأ لبق ةدالحا ينكاكسلاو فويسلا
.ًاقحلا ةطرشلا لبق نم اهيلع ضبقلا
ةحلسلأا عمج نأب ينغلابلا ضعب ىريو
ضعب نأ امك .ةعتمم ةياوه ءاضيبلا
نم ينبرستلما ًاصوصخو ينقهارلما
ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأاب نورجاتي ،سرادلما
.لالما ىلع لوصحلل مهئلامز ينب
ىدحإ يف يعامتجا يئاصخأ لوقي
ترظن ول :ةقراشلاب ةيوناثلا سرادلما
لهس وه مك ىرت نأ عيطتست ،كلوح
خبطملل بهذا ،حلاس ىلع لوصلحا
صخش نع ثحبا مث ينكس نع ثحباو
ءابلآا ضعب ةقيرط نع لءاستيو .هيذؤت
لمتح مهميلعتو مهئانبأ ةيبرت يف
هنأ ثيح ،روكذلا اصوصخ ةيلوؤسلما
نورجاتي نيذلا بلاطلا ةبسن نأ دجو
ةيعامتجا ةقبط ىلإ نومتنيو حلاسلاب
تلائاعلاف.ربكلأا يه ةديج ةيداصتقاو
مهنأ ثيحب اهءانبأ للدت ةينغلا
مهل ولحيام عيمتجو ءارش نوعيطتسي
ينكاكسلاو ةديرفلا ةريغصلا رجانلخاك
نم نيرخآ ينقهارم نودحتيو ةليملجا
ىلع لوصحلل ،ىرخأ ةينغ تلائاع
دقو ،اذكهو لضفأ ءاضيب ةحلسأ
لصيل ينمصخ ينب هركلاو ءادعلا روطتي
.لتقلا دح
ةيضق ةرهاظلا هذه ززعي:فيضيو
ةعباتلم ينقهارلما بح يهو انه ىرخأ
يف رثؤت يتلاو نشكلأاو ةراثلإا ملافأ
بيرتج ىلع مهعجشتو ،ةلوهسب مهلوقع
نوعضخي ام ببسب كلذو ،ةديدج رومأ
اذه يف ةيدسجو ةيسفن تارييغت نم هل
.نسلا
ةقيرطب مكتانبو مكئانبأ ةيبرت :لوقي امك
ءابلآا ىلع بجيو ،حاتفلما يه ةيباجيإ
لك يف ةيلوؤسلما لماك اولمحتي نأ
ةعباتبم عراشلا يف مهدلاوأ هلعفي ام
م2009 ماع يف .ةحلسأك اهمادختسا
عجارتو ،انيكس 351 ةرداصم تتم
ىلإ لصيل م2010 يف 326 ىلإ مقرلا
يوهقلما حرص ثيح م2011 يف 233
دوهج نأ رهظُت دادعلأا هذه نأب
نم نيرفاسلما ريذتح يف يبد كرامج
لمعت ءاضيب ةحلسأ مهتزوحبو رفسلا
.دجب
نم صخشلا عيطتسيو
ءارش ةينوناقلا ةيحانلا
نم ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا
تلاحمك ،ةديدع نكامأ
ثيح ،كمسلا ديص
يف ةعابلما تاودلأا نأ
ةصخرم تلالمحا هذه
ةيمنتلا ةرئاد لبق نم
ةئف تتح ةيداصتقلاا
لا يتلاو تادعلما ةراتج
ةقفاوم ةصخر جاتتح
.يراشتسلاا نملأا نم
مادختسا ةرهاظ راشتنا دش دقو
ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأل نيرصاقلاو بابشلا
.تضم تاونس عبس ذنم ملاعلإا هابتنا
ةحلسلأا نم عونلا اذه لمح نأ ثيح
تاباصعلا دارفأو )عّيصلا( ينب رشتنم
عباطلا تاذ ملافلأا نودلقي نيذلا
يشيمو ،ةصالخا مهئايحأ يف فينعلا
ينعقوتم ينكاكسو ًافويس ًلاماح ضعبلا
يهتنت ةيصخش تازرابمو تايدتح
انايحأ يهتنت دقو ،ةريطخ حورجب ابلاغ
.ةافولاب
:قباس يطرش قيتع بيرغ لوقيو
ةدالحا ريغ ةحلسلأا ضعب رفوتت
ضعب نكلو ،قاوسلأا يف ةلتاقلا ريغو
79

80
.مهرد 1800 – 600 ينب ام حوارتي
ةيحانلا نم صخشلا عيطتسيو
ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا ءارش ةينوناقلا
ديص تلاحمك ،ةديدع نكامأ نم
يف ةعابلما تاودلأا نأ ثيح ،كمسلا
ةرئاد لبق نم ةصخرم تلالمحا هذه
ةراتج ةئف تتح ةيداصتقلاا ةيمنتلا
ةقفاوم ةصخر جاتتح لا يتلاو تادعلما
تم هنأ ثيح .يراشتسلاا نملأا نم
.ةرشابم ةرادلإا لبق نم مهل حيرصتلا
تادعم عابت اذالم ضعبلا برغتسيو
يف ديصلا عنم نم مغرلاب ديصلا
ىلإ ةجاحب وهو ( ؟تاراملإا ةلود
طقف ةدحاو ةنس ةرتفل دتيم حيرصت
ةددحم قطانم دجوت لاو )ةقفاولما دعب
نم فدهلا وه امف ؟يبد يف ديصلل
تاودأو ؟كمسلا ديص تادعبم ةرجاتلما
كلاتما نأ امك ؟ىرخلأا ديصلا
ينعي لا فويسلا وأ رجانلخا صخشلا
ينح يف ،ةيمرج يف هطروت ةرورضلاب
.ًامرج اهل ءيسلا مادختسلاا دعي
نأب يبد يف تايئاصحلإا رهظُتو
900 براقي ام بيرهت تلاواحم كانه
ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود ىلإ ضيبأ حلاس
طروت ينتنس لبقو .ًارخؤم ةدحتلما
14 ينب ام رامعأب ينقهارم ةعومجم
مادختساب ةيمرج 15 يف ةنس 19 –
.ةميلخا سأر يف ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا
ام ةرداصم ىرخأ ةيئاصحإ ره ُظت امك
بناجأ نم ضيبأ حلاس 915 براقي
يلودلا يبد راطلم مهلوخد ءانثأ يف
.ةيضالما ةثلاثلا تاونسلا للاخ
ةرادإ ريدم يوهقلما يلع هبن دقو
نأب يبد كرامج يف تاراطلما تايلمع
فلتخم نم نيرفاسلما نم ديدعلا كانه
مهيلع ضبقلا متي تايسنلجاو رامعلأا
يف أبخم ضيبأ حلاس مهتزوحبو
.ةيصخشلا مهتاقلعتمو مهتعتمأ
تماق يبد كرامج نأ ىلإ ًاضيأ راشأو
تاضبقو ،ينكاكسو ،فويس ةرداصبم
ريماسبم ةيديدح يصع و ةداح دي
نكيم مجلحا ةريغص ةداح تاودأو
اهتفاضإ دكأ ثيح ،نوناقلا يف ةرغث
متتل ،نوناقلل ةريخلأا ةدوسلما يف
.قحلا تقو يف اهتشقانم
مئارلجا ةدايزو تقولا رورم عم نكلو
تم دقف ،ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأاب ةذفنلما
اذه كلاتما ةيقحأ لاخدإ لمش بلط
نوناقلا تتح ةحلسلأا نم عونلا
ةحلسلأا ةريخذ لمشي يذلا يداتحلاا
ديعت تاطلسلا لعج امم ،تارجفتلماو
ينبو اهنيب قيسنتلا ةيلضفأ يف رظنلا
تارادإو ،تايدلبلاو ،ةيلخادلا ةرازو
ثيح ،نأشلا اذه يف ةفلتخم ةيداصتقا
عنم قيرط نع ةلكشلما لح نكيم لا هنأ
ريثك دوجول كلذو ؛ضيبلأا حلاسلا
تاودأ مدختست يتلا تاعانصلا نم
ةحلسأ اهنأ ىلع ًايلمع اهفينصت نكيم
.ءاضيب
يف تايئاصحلإا رهظُت
تلاواحم كانه نأب يبد
900 براقي ام بيرهت
ىلإ ضيبأ حلاس
ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود
.ارخؤم ةدحتلما
مئارلجا دادزتو فنعلا دادزي امنيبو
يتلاو ،ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأاب ةبكترلما
بابشلا ينب ةرشتنم ةرهاظ تحبصأ
ةيفيك يشورطلما شقاني ،يتاراملإا
ةعباتمو ةرهاظلا هذه نم دلحا
هتيمست نكيم ابم ةطبترلما تاعانصلا
ةرورض ىلع ديكأتلاو ءاضيب ةحلسأ
لبق ينمزلالا ةياملحاو نملأا عضو
.ةيراجتلا حلاصلما
ةعئاش ةحلسلأا هذه لعجي اممو
ةصيخر راعسأب اهرفوت وه ،فسلأل
نأ ثيح ،عيملجا لوانتم يفو ًايبسن
750 – 250 ينب حوارتي فيسلا رعس
ةيئاوهلا ديصلا ةيقدنب رعسو .امهرد
ةيللمحا فحصلا نيوانع ردصتت تراص
داقتعا ىلإ ىدأ امم ،رخآ ىلإ تقو نم
ةيبنجلأا تايلالجاو يللمحا عمتجلما
.ةديدج ةرهاظ اهنأب
لصوم نم برقلاب امهاندجو دقل
يقيدصو انأ انجرخأ ،ءابرهكلا
انمق مث نمو مجلحا ةطسوتم ينكاكس
تسسحأ ينأ ةجردل ةوقب امهنعطب
.امهئاشحأ يف سرغني ينكسلاب
مث ،ةمحرلا نابلطيو ناخرصي اناك
تقلأ مايأ ةدع دعبو ،عقولما نم انبره
نجسلا يف انأو ،انيلع ضبقلا ةطرشلا
26 أ .غ يوري اذكه ينلحا كلذ ذنم
نم ديدعلا كانه .هتيمرج ةصق اماع
رملأاو ،ةصقلا هذهل ةهباشلما تلاالحا
ءلازن ضعب نأ وه ةمدصلل وعدي يذلا
حلاسلا اياضقب ينفوقولما نوجسلا
ةسداسلا مهرامعأ زواجتت لا ،ضيبلأا
.ةنس ةرشع
فويسلاك ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا تناك
ةيداع تاودأ دعت رجانلخاو ينكاكسلاو
هذهب ظفتحي ثيح .اقباس لزانلما يف
بابش نكلو ،روكيدلل ةيديلقتلا ةحلسلأا
تلالمحا نم اهئارشب نوموقي مايلأا هذه
تامادختسلا ءادوسلا قوسلا نم وأ
.ىرخأ
نم يسماشلا ىسيع ديقعلا حرصي
ةحلسلأا هذه :نأب ةيلخادلا ةرازو
اهمجح بسح ىلع نوناقلل ًاقفو فنصت
حمسي لا هنأ ثيح ،اهتروطخ ةجردو
دلبلل لوخدلاب ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا ضعبل
حمسي امنيب ،اهتروطخ ةدشل كلذو
تلااح يف ةحلسلأا ضعبب راتجلااب
مرحيو عنيم نوناقلا نكلو ،ةصاخ
تلالمحاك ةماعلا نكاملأا يف اهتراتج
.ةيضايرلا بعلالماو
سلجلما يف ةيلخادلا ةنلج سيئر حرصو
يشورطلما دجام يلع يداتحلاا ينطولا
نوناقلا عورشم نأب م2008 ماع يف
ةموكلحا نم ةنجللا هتملست يذلا
عونلا اذه ىلإ ةراشلإا نمضتيلا
ةحئلا نمض اهجردي لاو ةحلسلأا نم
دعي امم ،تارجفتلماو ةحلسلأا ةريخذ

امك .ةساردلاو ميلعتلا نع ينفوقولما
علادنا لوح روحمتت اياضقلا مظعم نأ
ةلواحمو ءايحلأا يف تاباصعلا بورح
ضعب رشتنتو .عراوشلا ىلع ةرطيسلا
هذه مدختست يتلا ةيلبقلا اياضقلا
"ةقلخا" وأ ماقتنلاا مئارلج ةحلسلأا
ركذلاب ريدلجا .ةيبلسلا ةدايسلاو ربكتلا
ىلع ةديدج تسيل ةرهاظلا هذه نأ
رثك ثيح ،اماتم يتاراملإا عراشلا
ةيضالما تاونسلا يف اهنع ثيدلحا
طيلستو ،يناكسلا دادعتلا ةدايز عمو
اياضقلا نم عاونلأا هذه ىلع ءوضلا
بذتج ةحلسلأا نم عونلا اذه اهيف
تاراملإا ةلود يف ملاعلإا مامتها
ًاريثم رملأا حبصأ دقل .ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا
ىلع لهسلا نم هنأ ثيح ،نزلحاو قلقلل
اذه ىلع لوصلحا ينقهارلماو ينغلابلا
.ةحلسلأا نم عونلا
ةزوحب ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا نوكت ام ًابلاغ
ًاصوصخ ،ينقهارلماو ينغلابلا ضعب
قطانلماو ةلودلا نم ةيئانلا قطانلما يف
.ةضفخنلما ةيناكسلا ةفاثكلا تاذ
ءلاؤه مظعم نأ ركذلاب ريدلجاو
وأ لمعلا نع ينلطاعلا بابشلا نم
(تابلاطلل يبد ةيلك/يلهأ دمحم ميمصت) .يمهولا يباسح
)تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/سالما ملاس ةمطاف ريوصت(.بابشلا ينب ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا مادختسا
ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا
سالما ملاس ديعس
رجانلخاو ،ينكاكسلا مدختست
اهيلإ راشي امك وأ فويسلاو
يف مدقلا ذنم "ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا"ب
ةيوديلا فرلحاو ،ديصلاك ،ةديدع رومأ
رود اهل ناك امك ،تاضايرلا ضعبو
.بورلحا يف يساسأ
ترشتنا ةريخلأا ةنولآا يفو ،ارخؤُم
ينقهارلماو لب ينغلابلا ينب ةبيرغ ةرهاظ
ةحلسلأا مادختسا ةرهاظ يهو
ىلإ تدأ ةيصخش ةادأك ءاضيبلا
تلاالحا نم ريثك يف ةتيمم بقاوع
مدختسُي يتلا مئارلجا تحبصأ ثيح
81

82
اهسفنب اهتقث دقفت فوس اهنإ
ةبلاط تناك اذإو ءاوطنلاا ىلإ ليتمو
روهدتي فوس يساردلا اهاوتسم نإف
تتشت اضيأ كلذ نع جتنيسو ،ديكأتلاب
امم عمتجلما ككفت و ةيرسلأا تاقلاعلا
.ماعلا داسفلا ىلإ يدؤي
يلع ناك :ةلئاق اهثيدح ةنمآ تهنأو
كلتب يتباصإ ببسب يلمع كرتأ نأ
باهذلا نم نكتمأ ملف ةغيلبلا حورلجا
ببسو ،اذكه جورلخاوأ لمعلا ىلإ
كلتف ،لكاشلما نم ديدعلا كلذ يل
نوكي نأ لمآ ،يتايح ترمد تاباصلإا
الحاص لاجر نوكي نأو افلتخم يجوز
اهرمغت ةرسأ نّوكأ نأ عيطتسأ نأو
ةطلسلاو فنعلل ناكم لا ثيح ةبلمحا
هذهل قوتأ يننإ ،معن .قلاطلإا ىلع
لملأا دقفأ نلو حابص لك يف لاملآا
وأ لضفلأل يخأ ريغتي نأ ىنتمأ .ادبأ
ىأر املك بنذلاب رعشي نأ لقلأا ىلع
يهجو ىلع اهراثآ تكرت يتلا بودنلا
.يبلقو
نلعفي مل نهنأ يدسلجا فنعلا اياحض
ةهج نم ،باقعلا كلذ قحتسي ائيش
ةئلماب ينثلاثو دحاو براقيام ،ىرخأ
نملظي مل نهنأ ندقتعي اياحضلا نم
.باقعلاب
راكفلأا سرغب ءابلآا ضعب ماق ابمر
مهلعج امم ،مهئانبأ لوقع يف ةئطالخا
برضلا نوقحتسي مهنأ نودقتعي
أطخ باكترا درجلم يندبلا ءادتعلااو
هذه عم قفتت لا نسح ةمينغ .أ .ام
نأ دكؤت و ةدشب اهضراعت لب ،ةركفلا
تناك ولو ىتح ًادبأ لاح سيل فنعلا
رثأتت دق ًأطخ تبكترا دق ةيحضلا
لماعتلا :تفاضأو ،هب ةلئاعلا ةعمس
لاإ بلجي نل ةيبلس ةلكشم عم يبلسلا
.ةيبلس جئاتن
ءوس نم اهنع غلبلما تلاالحا ددع
ضفخنم لزانلما يف ةيدسلجا ةلماعلما
،لمجلماب تلاالحا عم ةنراقلماب ادج
مل ٢٠٠٨ ماع ذنمو هنأ ةمينغ .أ ترقأ
يدسلجا فنعلا نم ينتلاح ىوس قلتت
ةلالحا هذه نع نغلبأ اياحضلا نأ و
،يلاتلابو .اماوعأ تماد ةاناعم دعب
اياحض نعقي يتاوللا ءاسنلا ىلع بجي
ينعسي نأ خلأا لبق نم يندبلا فنعلل
نيذلا ينينهلما نم ةدعاسلما بلط ىلإ
ينسحتل ةيفارتحاب عضولا عم نولماعتي
نكيم ،لاثلما ليبس ىلع ،عضولا
ءادتعلاا ةثداح نع ريرقتلا ةيحضلل
كلذ رمتسا اذإو ،ةطرشلا ىدل يندبلا
،دهعت ىلع عيقوتلل ءيسلما ىعدتسي
جلاعلا تاسلج ميظنت متي كلذك و
لاح يفو .ةيضقلا لح لجأ نم ةمزلالا
ةلأسلما لوتح نأ نكيم ،عضولا رمتسا
تاطلسلا لبق نم اهللح ةمكلمحا ىلإ
كانه نإف ،كلذ ىلع ةولاعو ،ايلعلا
معدلا مدقت يتلا تاسسؤلما نم ديدعلا
يبد ةسسؤم لثم تلاالحا هذه لثلم
زكارم يف ةنيعم ماسقأو لفطلاو ةأرملل
.ةطرشلا
لا يتلا لكاشلما نإ :ةمينغ .أ تفاضأ
لصاوت اذإ ةيحضلا ىلع رثؤت اهل ةياهن
لب ،اهيلع يدسلجا وأ يظفللا ءادتعلاا
ةدلاو تثدتح ،عوبسأ نوضغ يف
اهدي بلطتل س.ل ةدلاو ىلإ يلع
ةرايزل ٍ دعوم ديدحتب تماقو ،جاوزلل
تريغت عوبسلأا اذه للاخ ،ةيلئاع
مل فقوم ثودح ببسب .س.ل ةايح
ينعمس :س.ل تلاق ،نابسلحا يف نكي
،لايل فتاهلا يف يلع عم ثدتحأ يخأ
اهنأ عم ،هسفن ىلع ةرطيسلا دقفف
ءيسي ام اهيف سيل ةطيسب ةثداحم
دقف ،رارمتساب و فنعب ينبرضي ذخأ
ىطغو يعارذو يهجو ىلع ينمكل
هنأ كلذ نم ىسقلأاو ،تامدكلاب يدسج
لاصتلااب يل حمسي مل هنلأ ،يبلق رسك
هذه ذنم يلع نع يش يأ ةفرعبم وأ
،يتبطلخ مدقت دق ناك هنأ عم ةثدالحا
فلاخي لكشب فرصتن مل اننأ عمو
ىلع س.ل تلازام ".ادبأ لوصلأا
مهترايز ىلع قافتلال يلع عم لاصتا
ام يلعو ،ةميلس ةقيرطب اهل مدقتلا و
.رظتني لازي
نولييم ةوخلأا ضعب نإ :ةمينغ تفاضأ
و مهفطاوع ىلع ةرطيسلا نادقف ىلإ
ببسب ؛فينعلا كولسلا ىلإ هجوتلا
هذه يف مهتاوخأ ةعمس ىلع مهفوخ
فرصتلا اذهف ،فسلأل نكلو ،ةظحللا
ةيأ عم لماعتلل ابولسأ لاو لاح سيل
.ةلكشم
تخلأا ةبحم باستكا خلأا ىلع بجي
ىعست لا ىتح ؛اهتقث ىلع لوصلحا و
ةقثلا هذهو بلحا اذه نع ثحبلا ىلإ
روتكدلا هدكأ ام اذه "،بيرغ لجر ىدل
تيرجأ يتلا ةساردلل اقفو ،يداملحا
ثانلإا نم ةئلماب ينعبس و دحاو ىلع
ةئلماب نوتس يلاوح ،يبرعلا عمتجلما يف
دحاوو ،نهناوخإ عم ةزاتمم ةقلاع ىلع
عم ةديج ةقلاع ىلع ةئلماب نوثلاثو
ىلع ةئلماب ةعست براقي امو ،نهناوخإ
نهناوخإ عم ادج ةئيس ةقلاع
ةلماعلما ءوسل نهضرعت ندكأ دقو
نهناوخإ لبق نم ايدسج و ايظفل
ةيضتم نهب لالحا لوصو ةجردل
ىلإ ةفاضلإاب .ىفشتسلماب ةدع لايل
نم ةئلماب نوّتسو ةعست دقتعت ،كلذ

ىلولأا ةسملخا تاونسلا نإ:تفاضأ و
ىلع ريبك لكشب رثؤت لفطلا ةايح نم
لفطلا اذه ضرعت نإو ،هلبقتسم
ىلع بلأا ءادتعا ىلإ ةثلاثلا رمع يف
حجرلأا ىلع هنإف ،ايظفل وأ ايندب ملأا
اهتاذ تاوطلخا عابتا ىلإ هب يدؤيس
ةرود اهنإ :ةمينغ تدكأو .ربكي امدنع
هيدل نأ لجرلا ظحلا اذإ لاإ ،ةرمتسم
راشتسمك هدعاسي نمع ثحبف ،ةلكشم
.يسفن
لاجرلا يعّدي ،تلاالحا ضعب يف
بلحا عفادب فنعلا ىلإ نوؤجلي مهنأ
اهتبرض دقل :ابلاغ رذعلاف ؛مامتهلااو
.س.م رربي امك ،اهيلع قلق يننلأ
ةصقلا يف هتخأ هاتجا ةفينعلا هتافرصت
.ةيلاتلا
ةموكلحا ىدل ايلاح لمعي باش .س.م
ةدلم هتدلاو ةلماعم ءيسي ناك هدلاو
ةمئاد هتدلاو تناك ،اًماع رشع ةسمخ
ثلاث هيدل ،هدلاو نم ىوكشلاو رمذتلا
لزنلما يف ديحولا لجرلا وهو تاوخأ
.س.ل هتخأ .هتدلاو نم هدلاو قلاط دعب
لبقتت لا ،لامعلأا ةرادإ لاجم يف ةبلاط
.اهتبقاعم يف قلحا اهيخلأ نأ ةركف
ىتأ ىتح ،ةديج اهيخأب اهتقلاع تناك
بلطل مرتحم باش هيف مدقت يذلا مويلا
عقوتأ تنك :نزحب تلاق ،اهنم جاوزلا
س.ل تناك ،ةداعسلا يل ىنمتي نأ
عقوم للاخ نم يلع ىلع تفرعت دق
تنرتنلأا ةكبش ىلع يعمتجم
هنأ ينبت ىتح ،هعم لصاوتلاب تأدبو
اياون ةيأ اهيدل نكت مل و ،اهبراقأ نم
تناك ،قئلا ريغ كولسب مايقلل ةئيس
تناكو ،قارو مرتحم لكشب هثداتح
ظفاتح ،اهتسارد يف تازيمتلما نم
تناكو ،اهديلاقت و اهتاداعو اهنيد ىلع
س.ل تفاضأ ،اهب ةداشلإا ةمئاد اهمأ
يتدلاو تربخأ يلع يل مدقت امدنع
ملاعإب اهرودب يه تماق و ،ةرشابم
،بضغو جاهف ؛عوضولما نع يخأ
يننأب كش هرواسو ةيبصعلا هتكلتمو
مدقتلما عم ةيمارغ ةقلاع ىلع تنك
.يتبطلخ
يبلط اوضفر مهنكل ،شيلجاو ةطرشلا
نأ نم مهفوخ تناك مهضفر بابسأو
نولوقي امك ثداح يف يتايحب رطاخأ
عيطتست لا نلآا اهنأ .ف.أ تفاضأ
زكرم ىلإ اهتاقيدص عم جورلخا
طرش اهعم اهتخأ دوجوب لاإ يراتج
.ًءاسم ةنماثلا ةعاسلا زواتج مدع
فنعب ينبرضي ذخأ
ينمكل دقف ،رارمتسابو
يعارذو يهجو ىلع
تامدكلاب يدسج ىطغو
رسك هنأ كلذ نم ىسقلأاو
.يبلق
سيئر ،يداملحا زيزعلا دبع روتكدلا
يبد مكاحم يف ةيرسلأا اياضقلا مسق
ةوخلأا فرصت يف ببسلا نأ حضوي
مهنأ وه ةيوطلسو ةمراص ةقيرطب
مهرود ةعيبطو ةقيقحب ملع ىلعاوسيل
ةسام ةجاح يف مهنإ:فاضأو ،ةوخإك
مدعو حيحص لكشب مهرود مهف ىلإ
ءوس و طابضنلاا ربع ةيبرتلا ينب طللخا
ىلع مهضعب نأ اضيأ ركذو ،ةلماعلما
فسلأل نكلو ،عوضولما اذهب ديج ملع
ببسب تنعتلما مهكولس ىلع نورصي
،ةطولغلما تاسراملماو تاداعلل مهئلاو
.ةيسفن لكاشم نم مهتاناعم ببسب وأ
تامدخ ةراشتسم ،نسح ةمينغ .أ
ةياعرل يبد ةسسؤم يف سفنلا ملع
بابشلا نأ تحضوأ لافطلأا و ءاسنلا
امدنع يوطلسلا فرصتلا ىلإ نولييم
ىلإ دوعي اذهو ،دوجوم ريغ بلأا نوكي
راكفلأا هذه سرغت اهنأ ثيح ،ملأا
يفو ،اهئانبأ لوقع يف تادقتعلماو
ىلإ تاهملأا رقتفت تلاالحا نم ريثك
امم ؛يفاكلا يعامتجلاا يعولاو ميلعتلا
تارارق يف قوثولا ىلإ نهب يدؤي دق
.ءانبلأا
اهطابترا نم رثكأ ةيبرعلا ةفاقثلاب
ةفاقثلا لوقن امدنعو ،ةيبرغلا ةفاقثلاب
ةفاقثلا كلذب دصقن اننإف ،ةيبرعلا
قرشلا لودو ،صاخ لكشب ةيجيللخا
ينطسلف و ندرلأاو نميلا لثم طسولأا
كرتشت لودلا هذهف ؛ماع لكشب
بعلت يتلا ةيوقلا ديلاقتلاو تاداعلاب
ةيوه ىلع ريثأتلا يف اريبك ارود
.هتايح طنمو صخشلا
هذه نأ ىلإ ةراشلإا يغبني ،كلذ عمو
اريثك تصلقت ةفينعلا تاسراملما
ةلقرع بابسأ نم اببس اهرابتعاب
ىلع ةراضلا اهراثآ للاخ نمو ،ةيمنتلا
تيبلا مكحي لجر دوجو نإ .عمتجلما
دح لصت ةمارصب يحاونلا عيمج نم
ريكفتلا بساور نم بسار وه طلستلا
لجرلا يف ىري يذلا طولغلما داقتعلااو
و ،ةمكح رثكلأاو ،ينسنلجا ينب ىوقلأا
ةياعر هبجاو نمف ديلاقتلا ضرتفت امك
اهتجايتحا نع لوؤسلما وهو ةأرلما
.اهرارقل كلالما وهف يلاتلابو
ءاوس دوجوم ريغ بلأا نوكي امدنع
نيدلاولا قلاط وأ ةافولا ببسلا ناك
ايئاقلت لقتنت ةيلوؤسلما نإف ،ضرلما وأ
لقنت تلاالحا مظعم يف و ،ملأا ىلإ
ىلوتيل ربكلأا خلأا ىلإ ةيلوؤسلما ملأا
كلذ عمو ،تيبلا لجر هتفصب ةيلوؤسلما
ىنعم نومهفي لا ةوخلأا ضعب نإف
لوحتتف ،حيحص لكشب ةيلوؤسلما هذه
ةايح ىلع ةرطيس ىلإ لزنلما ةيلوؤسم
.ءاسنلا اميس لاو هيف شيعي درف لك
،ةوخإ ةثلاث اهيدل ،ةرباثم ةبلاط .ف.أ
اهتايح يف لخدتلا مهدحلأ قبسي مل
.ةايلحا ديق ىلع اهدلاو ناك امدنع
امدنع ريبك لكشب يتايح تريغت :تلاق
سراتم تناك اهنأ تدكأو ،يبأ لحر
مل اهنأو يعيبط لكشب ةيمويلا اهتطشنأ
ةماعلا اهقوقح نادقف نأشب ةقلق نكت
جورلخا قحك ،مهدحأ طلست ببسب
ىلع لوصلحا قح وأ اهتاقيدص عم
لصحأ نأ اقح تدرأ .ةدايقلا ةصخر
لقتسأ نأ لجأ نم ةدايقلا ةصخر ىلع
يف نولمعي يتوخإ مظعم ،يتاذب
83

84
،ارخأتم ناك تقولا نأ يه يب كلذ
!ام ائطخ ينبكترت كنأ تدقتعا :فاضأو
يهو صصقلا نم ريثك نم ةصق ةذه
ةملكل يقيقلحا ىنعلما نادقف ىلع لاثم
للاغتساب خلأا موقي امدنعف .)خلأا(
امدختسم ةلئاعلا يف يعامتجلاا هعقوم
،هتاوخأ دض يدسلجاو يظفللا فنعلا
ةلئاع نم مكف .نهعم لصاوتلل ةليسو
يف "طلستلما خلأا" ةلكشم نم يناعت
؟انعمتجم
طبترت ةيضق طلستلما خلأا ةيضق
(تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/نلامشلا ءايلع ريوصت) .نهناوخإ طلست ببسب تايتفلا رايهنا
هنكل ،يباحطصلا فتاهلا ىلع رغصلأا
قئاسلا ىلإ تثدحتف ،مودقلا عطتسي مل
حاتفلماب يل يتأي نأ هنم تبلط و
تناك قئاسلا لصو امدنعو .يفاضلإا
ىلإ تهجوت ،ًءاسم ١١:٣٠ ةعاسلا
بناجب فقي ربكلأا يخأب اذإو يترايس
ينرجي ذخأ ،هكلمتي بضغلاو ةرايسلا
تامكلب يلع مجهتلاب ماقو هترايس ىلإ
تطغ ،يكف رسك ىتح ةمحر نود ةيوق
يانيع تمروتو يهجو ءادوسلا تامدكلا
رذتعا .عيباسأ ةثلاث ةدلم ياتفشو
لعفل هتعد يتلا بابسلأا نإ لاقو اقحلا
طلستلما خلأا
نلامشلا ءايلع
لماعتلا نع ةزجاع ةقلقو ةفئاخ تناك
قئاسلاب اهلاصتا ناك ،اهتلكشم عم
نكلو ةلكشلما هذهل ديحولا للحا وه
مل ؛لشفلاب تءاب ةديدعلا اهتلاواحم
نأ تيشخو ،فتاهلا ىلع قئاسلا بجي
،ىرخأب وأ ةقيرطب رملأاب اهوخأ فرعي
ريغ ام صخش لخدت بلطتت ةلأسلما
،ةسئاي اهسفن تدجو ،ريبكلا اهيخأ
.حيتافملل اهنادقف ببسب اهتاذ بنؤت
ةليل تناك :ةلئاق اهثيدح ةنمآ تأدب
،لمعلا يف تنك ،يلماعلا يبد سأك
يخأ تفتاه .يترايس حيتافم تدقفو

نم ريبك ددع ،رخلآا بنالجا يفو
سبلالما ءادترا نأ نودقتعي ينملسلما
يف اريبك ارود بعلي ةنيعم ةقيرطب
.ينيدلا صلاخلإا نع ريبعتلا
نم امئاد قلطنت ةريثك تاجاجتحا ةمث
مهلأا لاؤسلا نكلو رايتخلاا ةيرح أدبم
نكيم درفلا ةيصخش ءافخإ له ،ىقبي
؟ةيرح دعي نأ
لعجي لدلجا اذه نإف رملأا ةقيقح يف
ًأطخ فينصتلا ىلع ةيصع ةركفلا
ينب ،رظلحاو حامسلا ينب ،ًاباوص وأ
ينب ،ماعلا عمتجلما قحو رايتخلاا ةيرح
ينيدلا صلاخلإا رهوجب ةرهاظلا طبر
لكلو ،ينبناج اذ لادج ىقبيو ،اهدييتحو
.ةعنقلما هججح بناج
فلخ اهتيلح تفخأ هتبيطخ نأب يعدي
ةيسنلجا يبرع ريفس ةصق ،باقنلا
ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود يف
ةيلح هفاشتكا ببسب هجاوز ىغلأ
اههجو تبجح دق تناك يتلا هتجوزل
.اهاري نأ هل نستي ملف ،باقنلا ءارو
ريزو بقل لمحي يذلاو يبرعلا لجرلا
يعرشلا يضاقلا ىدل ىعدا ،ضوفم
سورعلا ةلئاع نأ يبد يف ةمكلمحا يف
ةقيقشل اروص هتدلاو ىلع تضرع
!سورعلل سيلو سورعلا
سمالخا يف رشن رخآ لاقم يفو
ةديرج يف 2010 ربوتكأ نم رشع
لوخد لواح لجر ةثداح ترشن نطولا
ههجو ايفخم ينوناق ريغ لكشب ةلودلا
ةيسنلجا يلاغنب لجرلا ناك ،باقنلاب
بناج يماملأا دعقلما يف اسلاج
يذلاو نامع ةلود نم ه.ك .قئاسلا
ةءابعلا يف لجرلا نأب ةطرشلا ربخأ
ةطرشلا نم ةطباض ىطعأو ،هتجوز
ةيطرشلا ترصأف ،هتجوز رفس زاوج
.باقنلا علخي نأب رفاسلما ىلع
ءادترا اهببسي يتلا تاكابرلإل ارظن
نأب تاموكلحا ضعب دقتعت ،باقنلا
يف بعلاتلل مدختسي دق باقنلا
ترظح لودلا نم ريثكلاف ،ةمظنلأا
.تاحئاسلاو تابلاطلا ىلع باقنلا
ضعب يف ةأرلما لازت ام رخآ بناج نم
يف يشلما يف اهقح نع عفادت لودلا
امازتلا هجولا ةاطغم ةماعلا قطانلما
برغلا يف باقنلا ناك نإ !نكلو .اهنيدب
ةقشلماو يرورضلا ريغ هابتنلاا بلجي
رارصلإا بلاغي نأ يقطنلما نم لهف
فدهلا ةيضقلا هذه يف تنعتلاو
عضاوتلا سيركت يف باقنلا نم طيسبلا
؟هابتنلاا تفل مدعو
لكشب زكري نيد ملاسلإا نأ ابم
يحاونلاو ةيحورلا بناولجا ىلع يسيئر
صاخشلأا نم اريثك نإف ،ةيكولسلا
ءافخإ نأ ةركف لبقتب ةبوعص نودجي
اقيبطت و ،انيدت رثكأ اهلعجي ةأرلما هجو
.للها نم ابرق وأ ملاسلإل
تركذ ،يبد يف ةحصلا ةئيه يف
تابجاو ءادلأ اهترايز للاخ يفو هنأب
ةنجللا دارفأ دحأ ماق ،ةكم يف جلحا
اهرهظم ىلع فنعب قيلعتلاب ةينيدلا
اهلوان و ".هأرما اي كهجو يفخا" لائاق
نضرعي يتلالا ءاسنلا :ناونعب ابيتك
تدكأ نايمإ ةروتكدلا .تابنذم نههوجو
لب ،ةمدصلل اريثم هكولس تدجو اهنأب
.طيلمحا نم ةبهرلاب تسحأو
ةلود يف باقنلل ءاسنلا ءادترا ةرهاظ
يف رشتنت ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا
هيلع داتعا رظنم وهف ،ةماعلا نكاملأا
ىلعو ،ةلودلا يف حايسلاو نوميقلما
باقنلا رظح ينناوق نس نم مغرلا
تانيعستلا رخاوأ يف لمعلا ناكم يف
تافظومو تاسردلما ضعب نأ لاإ
نلزام تابيبطلا ضعبو لب ،لابقتسلاا
.ىطغم هجوب نلمعي
يبد ىفشتسم يف تابيبطلا ىدحإ
اوبلط ىضرلما نم اددع نأب تدافأ
مل ىضرلما نأب تدكأ امك ،اهتيؤر
تلاماعلا ىدحإ ضفرب ءادعس اونوكي
بابسلأ اههجو فشك ىفشلما يف
.ةينيد
نانسلأا ةبيبط عم رخآ ءاقل يف و
ينامث ةدلم باقنلا تدترا يتلا ةمطاف
ررقت يه اهو ،اهتايح نم تاونس
قئاوعلا ببسب باقنلا سبل نع فقوتلا
نوكأ نأ تببحأ :لوقت ،اهتفداص يتلا
ينهلما يبجاو نأ تكردأ ينكل و ،ةبقنم
ءادترا نم ىلوأ ياضرم عم لصاوتلاو
مهدوزي يهجو فشك ناك اذإ ،باقنلا
.كلذل ةدعتسم انأف ةنينأمطلاب
هميق نم مغرلا ىلعو ،كلذ ىلع ةولاع
نم ريثكلا نإف ،ةيملاسلإاو ةيديلقتلا
بعلاتلل ةادأك هنومدختسي صاخشلاا
مدختسا ثداوح نع غيلبتلا تم ثيح
مايقلل باقنلا ءاسنلا و لاجرلا اهيف
ىلع وطسلا لثم ةينوناق ريغ تاطاشنب
.ةيصخشلا لاحتناو كونبلا
ةلاقم يف 2010 رياربف نم رشاعلا يف
لجر" ناونعب جيللخا ةديرج يف ترشن
85

86
لاكشلأا نم لكش يأب دابعتسلاا وأ
باقنلا نسبل يتلالا ءاسنلا مظعم نلأ
نم طغضب سيلو نهتدارإب هنسبل
ةيضقلا هذه نإف ،لاح لك ىلع "دحأ
ملاعلا لود مظعم يف شاقن راثم تسيل
شيدلاجنبو ناتسناغفأ لثم ثلاثلا
لاجرلل تاعبات نربتعي ءاسنلا نأ ثيح
عقوتلما نم هنإف اذه ىلعو ،ةرورضلاب
نئش انه قرف لا ،نهتيوه ءافخإ نهنم
.ينبأ مأ
ةيناغفلأا ةيعمالجا ةبلاطلا ةديملح اقفوو
نهتفرع يتلالا ءاسنلا مظعم :يبد يف
فيخلما فنعلا نم ينناع ناتسناغفأ نم
روكذلا نهبراقأو نهجاوزأ دي ىلع
ةنيعم ةقيرطب رتستلا نضفر نهنلأ
كولسلا اذهب نهنإف عمتجلما ىري امكف
.ةلئاعلا فرش ىلع نظفاحي مل
ءاسنلا ءادترلا تباث ريسفت دجوي لا
لك يف ريسافت ةدع كانه نكلو ،باقنلا
.لامعتسلاا راشتنا ةعس رربت ةفاقث
ماظنلا تتحو ،لاثلما ليبس ىلعف
نسل ءاسنلا نإف ،يلالحا يناغفلأا
ةيطغت ىلع يمسر لكشب تاربجم
رارقتسلاا مدعل ارظن نكلو ،نههوجو
مظعم نإف ،ةقطنلما يف يسايسلا
نسبلي نلز ام ناتسناغفأ يف ءاسنلا
ةيصخشلا ةملاسلا ىلع ظافحلل باقنلا
ناتسكاب يف ةيفيرلا قطانلما يف كلذك
نم ءزجك ءاسنلا لبق نم باقنلا سبلي
ابم ،نيدلا ىلع دمتعت لا يتلا ديلاقتلا
ةيسودنهلاو ةيحيسلما تايلقلأا كلذ يف
ةنيدلماو ةكم لثم ىربكلا ندلما يف امنيب
دعي هنإف ،ةيدوعسلا ةيبرعلا ةكلملماو
نسبلي لا يتلالا ءاسنلاو ،ايرابجإ
.ةيرخسلل نضرعتي باقنلا
نايمإ ةروتكدلا عم ةلباقم يف
يلئاعلا بطلا يف ًاثيدح ةصصختم
نمض ءاسنلا داعبتسا ةلاح سركيل
؟راطلإا كلذ
اينيد ازمر سيل باقنلا
دابعتسلال زمر وه انمإ
كلذ ينعأ انأ .ءاردزلااو
ةرهاظ سيل باقنلاف
ىلع ةبوغرم وأ ةلوبقم
ةيروهملجا ضرأ
يزوكراس .ةيسنرفلا
عوضولما اذه لوح تاشاقنلا تددعت
ينب تاعمتجلما يف تاسراملما تفلتخاو
ءادترلا عنم نم ةيبنجلأاو ةيبرعلا لودلا
ملاعلا لوح لودلا نم ريثكلا يف باقنلا
ىلإ ،دابعتسلال ةديدج ةملاع هرابتعاب
ىلإ ،لودلا ضعب ىدل هئادترلا دييأت
شيوشتلا ببست ةكبرم ةلاح هرابتعا
.دلابلل ةيعامتجلاا ةينبلا ددهتو
نوبضاغ مويلا ينملسلما نم ريثكلا
نوري مهنلأ ؛باقنلا ةرهاظ راشتنا نم
مكحتلل لاجرلا اهمدختسي ةليسو اهنأب
.ءاسنلاب
ةيرابخلإا ةاتفلا ىلع شاقن للاخ نم
ةفلؤلما هتصن ام ىلإ ريشأ CNN
:اهتنودم ىلع دمحأ ةبه ةبتاكلاو
muslimmatters.org"
يريسفتب لبقي لا صخش دوجو
ينعي لا ،ايصخش هبجعي لا وأ ملاسلإل
كاهتنلا ينناوق مدختسن نأ نكيم اننأب
نيدلا ةيرحو ،ريبعتلل صاخشلاا ةيرح
ملظلا لثيملا باقنلا نأب تعدا ًاضيأو
باقنلل ىرخلأا هجولأا
باجنب يمر
زمر وه انمإ ،اينيد ازمر سيل باقنلا
؛كلذ ينعأ انأ .ءاردزلااو دابعتسلال
ةبوغرم وأ ةلوبقم ةرهاظ سيل باقنلاف
لا .ةيسنرفلا ةيروهملجا ضرأ ىلع
ءاسن اندلاب يف لبقتن نأ عيطتسن
نم تامورحم ،عانق ءارو تانوجسم
ببسب ةيعامتجلاا لئاسولا عيمج
ةيروهملجا سيئر ،يزوكراس .نهئامتنا
ةيسنرفلا
هجولل ءاطغ هنأب باقنلا فرعي
تفل بنجتل تاملسلما ءاسنلا همدختست
.رخلآا سنلجا نم راظنلأاو هابتنلاا
طبترا باقنلا موهفم نأ نم مغرلا ىلعو
ةينيدلا هديلاقتو ،يملاسلإا ركفلاب
باقنلا لوصأ نأ ءاملعلا ركذ دقف
ترهظ ةيعامتجا تاسرامم ىلإ دوعت
يواطنط دمحم خيشلا .ملاسلإا لبق
ءاملع ربكأ دحأو رهزلأا ةعماج ديمع
درجم باقنلا نأب ركذ رصم يف نيدلا
يف روذج هل سيلو ،ضعبلا دنع ةداع
سرادلما ىدحلإ هترايز دنع .ملاسلإا
ةاتفل لاق ،رهزلأا ةعماجب ةطبترلما
ملاسلإا لوصأب فرعأ :باقنلا يدترت
كل لوقأ انأو ؛كادلاو فرعي امم رثكأ
.هيعلخت نأ
لبق الم ةيفللأا ىلإ باقنلا لوصأ دوعت
ةيروطاربملاا يف رهظ دقف ،ملاسلإا
ةدع ىلإ اهدعب لقتناو ،ةينامورلا
يمدقلا نفلا مدقي ثيح ،ىرخأ تافاقث
برعلا نم ءاسنل اروص ةيمدقلا راثلآاو
ناك اذإف ؛باقنلا تايدترم سرفلا و
اذاملف ،ايملاسإ لاصأ سيل باقنلا
ءاسنلا ينب ةرثكب هئادترا ةرهاظ رشتنت
ةيدوعسلا ةيبرعلا ةكلملما و رصم يف
نأ نكملما نم له ،ىرخأ ةيبرع لود و
مهف يف اكابتراو اطلاتخا ببسلا نوكي
دمعتي نم كانه له ،بجاولاو ضورفلما
؟ملاسلإا مساب ةرهاظلا هذه طبر

:باقنلا سبل
؟! يصخش رايخ
(تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/باجنب يمر :ميمصت) .باقنلاب هجولا ءافخإ
87

باقنلل ىرخلأا هجولأا
طلستلما خلأا
ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا
نم قئاوع :ليلخا بوكرو ةأرلما
؟ناسنلإا عنص
مويلا بابشو تاطشنلما
جامدنلاا ةبهرو ةبغر ينب .يبد ءاسفيسف
ملاعلإا يف ينطوتلا
87
84
81
78
؟ضماغ لبقتسم مأ كابشلا يف فده 75
72
69
66
اهتايعادتو اهيعاود فيظوتلا ضراعم 64
87
تايوتلمحا
باقنلا سبل
؟؟!! يصخش رايخ
رجف ةلجم بحرت .ينيمسرلا اهيلثمم نم يأ وأ يبد يف ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك وأ ملاعلإا مسق وأ ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم ءارآ ةرورضلاب لثتم لا ددعلا اذه يف ةحورطلما ءارلآا
.يبد-ةينقتلا تايلك-ملاعلإا مسق نع ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم ردصت .ريرحتلاو رشنلا قحب ظافتحلاا عم ،تايلكلا تابلاطو ةبلط عيمج نم ةيفحصلا تاباتكلاب ءارحصلا

رشانلا
دير دراوه .د
ريرحتلا
باجنب يمر و نلامشلا ايلع
ميمصتلا
يرلما دمحم و لاعلما ايلم
باتكلا
ةبيشلا للها دبع
يداملحا للها دبع
نلامشلا ايلع
رطم ءارفع
ديبع ءامسأ
يسلافلا ةنمآ
يلع لآ نايمإ
زانكلف هصح
دمحم دولخ
لاعلما ايلم
دادلحا ءاثيم
نادمح ءاثيم
يميعنلا يمرم
يمشاهلا يمرم
يلع نب يمرم
فيرشلا ةزوم
يلهأ دمحم
اضرلا دمحم
يرلما دمحم
باجنب يمر
يديوسلا باحر
يدعسلا ىملس
سودنلما ةيماس
بيطلخا رحس
سالمأ ملاس ديعس
فلاغلا
يداملحا للها دبع
ميمصتلاو ريرحتلا ويراشتسا
بريح نانح .د
ملاعلإا مسق ةريدم
ةيبرعلا ةغللا ةررحم
بانكم ارول
ةيزيلنجلاا ةغللا
ليمات وجرام
ميمصتلا
ربج وبأ ءاجر
ةفاحصلا
تابلاطلا ةيلك-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك
+97142672929 :نوفيلت
16062 :ديرب قودنص
www.dwc.hct.ac.ae
ناموين ينك .د عم لصاوتلا ءاجرلا ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم لوح ءارلآل
+97142089455 مقر فتاه ىلع
ىلع ينورتكلا ديرب لاسرإ وأ
desert.dawn@hct.ac.ae
ةنسلا تابلاط و بلاط ميمصت و ةباتك ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم
يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك يف ملاعلإا مسق يف ةعبارلا
ققحتي مل فدهلا اذه نأ نم مغرلا
دعب ةبولطلما ةءافكلابو لماك لكشب
نم ديدعلا تمدق ةبرجتلا هذه نأ لاإ
بلاطلل ةديدلجا ةيميلعتلا تاربلخا
عورشلما اذه يف ينكراشلما تابلاطلاو
ةرادإ نع ديزلما ملعت لثم ،يفحصلا
لمع نالج ليكشتو ،تاعوبطلما عيبو
ةكراشبم ةيللمحا لدلجا اياضق ةشقانلم
لمعلا كلذك يللمحا عمتجلما نم ءاكرش
ينورتكللاا ةلجلما روضح ريوطت ىلع
روكذلا ءارقلا نم ديزلما باطقتساو
ةءارقلا عيراشم نم ديزلما ميمصتو
نكيمو تابلاطلاو ةبلطلا ىلع اهحرطو
نم ديزلما مضتل لوطت نأ ةمئاقلل
تاربلخا نكلو ةيميلعتلا تاربلخا
لمعلل ةيفاك افادهأ دعت افنآ ةروكذلما
اهسيركتل رضالحا تقولا يف اهيلع
.اديج
تاروطتلا ةبكاومو ثيدحتلا راطإ يفو
يف ايلعلا ةينقتلا يتيلك جمد ًاثيدح تم
ةرادإ تتح )تابلاطلاو بلاطلا( يبد
ىلع لمعنس اننأ ينعي امم ؛ةدحاو
ةباتك ىلع روكذلا بلاطلا عيجشت
رجف ةلجم ةءارقو ةيفحصلا تاقيقحتلا
لوح تاشاقن يف ةكراشلماو ءارحصلا
.ةلجلما اهحرطت يتلا اياضقلا
تايلكل ةمداقلا ةلحرلما عم ًانمازتو
ةلجلما مدقتت ،يبد يف ايلعلا ةينقتلا
ةئيبلا عيجشت يف لاعاف ارود بعلت يكل
ةيعوتلا اياضق حرط ىلع ةيميلعتلا
يف ةيفاقثلاو ةيداصتقلااو ةيعامتجلاا
.يميلعتلا اهاوتحم
دير دراوه .د رشانلا
+97142089202"
howard.reed@hct.ac.ae"
رشانلا ةملك
ريوصت( يبد -ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك ريدم .دير دراوه .د
)تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/ يلهأ دمحم
ةقباسلا دادعلأا يف امك ددعلا اذه يف
تردص يتلا ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم نم
تابلاطلاو بلاطلا قيرف حرطي ارخؤم
يتلاو ةمهلما تاعوضولما نم ديدعلا
ةيللمحا ةفاحصلا يف ةداع حرطت لا
ةفاقثلاوأ تانبلا ناتخ :عوضوم لثم
اعد امم ؛مرالمحا انزوأ ةيسنلجا
ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك ءاكرش نم ضعبلا
ليكشت حارتقاب مدقتلل يبد عمتجم يف
ةداج ططخ عضول ةكرتشم لمع نالج
عيضاولما عم ةءانب ةقيرطب لماعتلل
ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم اهحرطت يتلا
ةيعون ةلقن ةردابلما هذه مدقتو
ةلجلما هيلإ وبصت تناك ام ققتح
مدخي يعامتجا لعافت ءانب نم
ىوتلمحا فدهي .يللمحا عمتجلما
ةدايز ىلإ ةلجلما هحرطت يذلا
ةيعامتجلاا اياضقلاب ءارقلا ةيعوت
ىلعو ،ةفداهو ةءانب شاقن ةصنم ربع

ةمزلالا ةقاطلاب كّدُيم يحابصلا راطفلإا
.هلمكأب مويلل
راطفلإا ةبجو نولمهي نيذلا صاخشلأا
يف ملأ وأ عادص مهبيصي دق يحابصلا
مهتيويح نودقفي ام ًابلاغو ةدعلما
اوحبصي نأ نكملما نمو ،مهزيكرتو
.ةيملاك تانحاشم يف اولخديو ينيجازم
كموي أدبا...قح كيلع كندبل
يحابصلا راطفلإاب