Desert DAwn Magazine - Dubai Women's College - Higher Colleges ...
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T h e M a g a z i n e o f H C T - D u b a i<br />
<strong>Desert</strong>Dawn<br />
ءارحصلا رجف<br />
The many sides of the niqab<br />
Children growing up with violence<br />
Blade weapons<br />
One-day diary
<strong>Higher</strong> <strong>College</strong>s of Technology - <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
Encouraging a Green Environment
From the Director<br />
Dr. Howard Reed, HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong> Director.<br />
Mohammad Ahli. HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s<br />
Campus<br />
During recent issues of <strong>Desert</strong><br />
Dawn, the Editors have addressed<br />
several very relevant articles;<br />
articles that are not normally<br />
featured in local publications such<br />
as Sex Education, Female Circumcision<br />
and Incest. Some of HCT<br />
<strong>Dubai</strong>’s partners in the community<br />
have been very responsive<br />
and suggested that on the basis of<br />
<strong>Desert</strong> Dawn articles we form task<br />
forces and develop action plans to<br />
work on the topics covered. This<br />
exciting possibility gives <strong>Desert</strong><br />
Dawn a new dimension which was<br />
only implied in the past, i.e. social<br />
action.<br />
<strong>Desert</strong> Dawn’s content intends<br />
to heighten awareness of social<br />
issues and even stimulate discussion.<br />
This process has been disappointing,<br />
but instructive in the<br />
sense that it points out additional<br />
learning experiences for our<br />
students, such as: Learning more<br />
about the business of magazines,<br />
even the possibility of selling it;<br />
creating social action task forces<br />
with community partners; developing<br />
our online potential to a<br />
greater level; getting more male<br />
readers; and, using more ‘forced’<br />
reading and discussion groups.<br />
The list of potential new learning<br />
experiences can probably be expanded,<br />
but this short list should<br />
keep us busy.<br />
For example, DWC and DMC are<br />
now one college, HCT <strong>Dubai</strong>, with<br />
two campuses, the Men’s Campus<br />
and the Women’s Campus. This<br />
means that we can get more male<br />
students writing articles for and<br />
reading <strong>Desert</strong> Dawn; perhaps<br />
having discussion groups or<br />
even debates about <strong>Desert</strong> Dawn<br />
articles. As HCT <strong>Dubai</strong> moves into<br />
this new exciting phase, <strong>Desert</strong><br />
Dawn is positioning itself to play<br />
an important role in stimulating<br />
the learning environment<br />
to include social, economic and<br />
cultural awareness.<br />
Publisher<br />
howard.reed@hct.ac.ae<br />
04 2089 202<br />
Publisher<br />
Dr. Howard Reed<br />
Editors<br />
Alia Al Shamlan & Reem Binjab<br />
Designers<br />
Lamya Al Mualla & Mohammed Al Marri<br />
Writers<br />
Abdulla Al Shaiba<br />
Abdulla Al Hammadi<br />
Alia Al Shamlan<br />
Afra Matar<br />
Asma Obaid<br />
Amna Al Falasi<br />
Eman Al Ali<br />
Hessa Falaknaz<br />
Khulood Mohamed<br />
Lamya Al Mualla<br />
Maitha Al Haddad<br />
Maitha Hamdan<br />
Mariam Al Nuaimi<br />
Maryam Sayed<br />
Maryam Bin Ali<br />
Moaza Al Sharif<br />
Mohammed Ahli<br />
Mohammed Al Redha<br />
Mohammed Al Marri<br />
Reem Binjab<br />
Rehab Al Suwaidi<br />
Salma Al Saadi<br />
Samya Al Mandoos<br />
Sahar Al Khatib<br />
Saeed Salim Almas<br />
Cover by<br />
Abdulla Al Hammadi<br />
Advisors<br />
Dr. Hanan Hairab<br />
Chair-Applied Communications<br />
Arabic Text Editor<br />
Laura McNabb<br />
English Language<br />
Margo Tummel<br />
Graphic Design<br />
Rajaa Abu-Jabr<br />
Journalism<br />
<strong>Higher</strong> <strong>College</strong>s of Technology-<strong>Dubai</strong><br />
<strong>Dubai</strong> Women’s Campus<br />
Tel. +9714 2672 929<br />
PO Box 16062, <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
www.dwc.hct.ac.ae<br />
For feedback regarding <strong>Desert</strong> Dawn, please<br />
contact Dr. Ken Newman on +9714 2089455<br />
or email: desert.dawn@hct.ac.ae<br />
Written & designed by HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong> Women’s<br />
Year 4 Applied Communications students
Contents<br />
06<br />
CULTURE: The many sides of the niqab<br />
The authoritarian brother<br />
The struggle to fit in<br />
06<br />
WEARING THE NIQAB:<br />
A PERSONAL<br />
CHOICE?!<br />
06<br />
SOCIETY: Blade weapons<br />
Women and horse riding:Manmade<br />
barriers?<br />
Playing football:a career or a dream<br />
Women in police stations<br />
14<br />
MARRIAGE: Education threatens marriage<br />
Women’s careers after marriage<br />
26 When marriage becomes a<br />
business plan<br />
EDUCATION: DWC High School<br />
Educating maids<br />
35<br />
HEALTH: Children growing up with<br />
violence<br />
39 Living healthy<br />
Steroids and the youth<br />
CAREER: One-day diary: Would you switch<br />
roles with your housekeeper<br />
45<br />
PERSONALITY: National champions<br />
Graduate profile: a view from<br />
the top<br />
48<br />
FICTION: Joory<br />
52<br />
The opinions presented in this issue do not necessarily represent the views of <strong>Desert</strong> Dawn, the Applied Communications Department,<br />
HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong> or its officials. <strong>Desert</strong> Dawn welcomes submissions from all students, however, not all submissions may be printed and they may<br />
be edited for space, style and content. <strong>Desert</strong> Dawn is produced by HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>’s Applied Communications Department، ––Women’s Campus.
6 CULTURE<br />
The controversy of wearing the niqab. Reem Binjab/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
WEARING THE NIQAB:<br />
A PERSONAL<br />
CHOICE?!
The many sides of the niqab<br />
Reem Binjab<br />
Muslim women’s decision to wear or not to wear the niqab remains a controversy.<br />
“The niqab is not a religious symbol,<br />
it’s a sign of enslavement and<br />
debasement. I want to say this<br />
solemnly; the niqab will not be<br />
welcomed on the territory<br />
of this republic. We cannot<br />
accept in our country women<br />
imprisoned behind a mask,<br />
deprived of all social life of their<br />
identity.” – Sarkozy, President<br />
of the French Republic<br />
The niqab is commonly known as<br />
a face veil, which is used by Muslim<br />
women to represent modesty<br />
and to avoid attention from the<br />
opposite sex. Despite its general<br />
connection with Islam and its religious<br />
value, scholars have stated<br />
that its origins are pre-Islamic and<br />
it is in fact only a cultural practice<br />
with no roots in Islam. The dean<br />
of Al-Azhar University and one of<br />
the highest Islamic authorities in<br />
Egypt, Sheikh Mohammed Tantawi,<br />
says the niqab is a tradition and<br />
not a part of Islam. on his visit to<br />
one of the schools associated with<br />
Al Azhar, he apparently told a girl<br />
wearing the niqab, “I know more<br />
about Islam than your parents<br />
and I’m telling you to take it off.”<br />
The origins of the niqab go back<br />
to a millennium pre-Islam; it was<br />
introduced in the Roman Empire<br />
and was later adopted by different<br />
cultures. If the niqab isn’t originally<br />
Islamic, why are more women<br />
wearing it in Arab countries like<br />
Egypt and Saudi Arabia? Could<br />
it be that its purpose is misinterpreted<br />
and scholars are using<br />
the name of Islam to promote<br />
oppression among Muslim women?<br />
THE oRIgINS oF<br />
THE NIqAB<br />
go BACk To A<br />
MILLENNIUM<br />
pre-Islam; It was<br />
INTRoDUCED IN<br />
THE RoMAN<br />
EMPIRE AND WAS<br />
LATER ADoPTED<br />
By DIFFERENT<br />
CULTURES.<br />
Integrating devoted Muslims into<br />
foreign societies has started many<br />
debates. Today, wearing the niqab<br />
is banned in many countries<br />
around the world as it has been<br />
labeled a new form of enslavement.<br />
It is said to cause confusion, draw<br />
crowds in public and even pose<br />
a threat to a country’s security.<br />
Many Muslims are enraged by<br />
the ban. During a debate on CNN,<br />
Heba Ahmed, a USA based author<br />
and a writer on the MuslimMatters.org<br />
blog argues that “just<br />
because someone does not accept<br />
my interpretation of Islam or<br />
doesn’t personally like it, doesn’t<br />
mean we can use laws to violate<br />
people’s freedom of expression<br />
and freedom of religion.”<br />
She also believes that the niqab<br />
does not in any way represent<br />
oppression or enslavement<br />
because the majority of women<br />
who wore it did so willingly and<br />
were not in any way pressured<br />
into it.<br />
This, however, is not the case<br />
in some developing countries<br />
such as Afghanistan and Bangladesh,<br />
where women’s rights are<br />
jeopordized by a male-dominated<br />
culture and women are expected<br />
to conceal their identity whether<br />
they want to or not. According<br />
to Hamida, an Afghan college student<br />
in <strong>Dubai</strong>, most of the women<br />
she knew back in her country<br />
would have suffered dreadful<br />
violence at the hands of their husbands<br />
and male relatives had they<br />
refused to cover up in a certain<br />
manner and maintainthe family’s<br />
honor. Under the current Afghan<br />
regime, women are not officially<br />
required to cover their faces.<br />
In rural areas of Pakistan, it is<br />
worn by women as part of conventional<br />
traditions that are not<br />
connected to religion; minorities<br />
like Christians and Hindus also<br />
practice these customs.<br />
7
8<br />
In cities like Mecca and Madina<br />
in Saudi Arabia, it is considered<br />
compulsory to wear the niqab and<br />
women who fail to do so are often<br />
taunted. In an interview with<br />
Dr. Iman, a newly specialized<br />
family physician at <strong>Dubai</strong> Health<br />
Authority, she said that during<br />
her visit to Mecca to perform<br />
Al Haj, a member of a religious<br />
group scorned, “Cover your face,<br />
woman,” and gave her a pamphlet,<br />
which labeled women who expose<br />
their faces as “sinners.” She ex-<br />
plained that she found his behavior<br />
very shocking and was intimidated<br />
by the people around her.<br />
BEyoND THE<br />
CoNTRovERSy<br />
oF WoMEN’S<br />
REASoNS FoR<br />
WEARINg THE<br />
NIqAB, THERE IS<br />
A gRoUP WHo<br />
WEAR IT FoR<br />
MANIPULATIvE<br />
PURPoSES.<br />
The niqab in the UAE is often worn<br />
by women in public. Despite the<br />
presence of workplace rules,<br />
which banned government employees<br />
from covering their faces<br />
in the late 1990s and early 2000s,<br />
teachers, receptionists, bankers,<br />
and even doctors today are seen<br />
with covered faces while at work.<br />
Dr. Fatima, a dentist at Rashid<br />
Hospital who wore the niqab for<br />
eight years of her life, revealed<br />
that she decided to stop wearing<br />
it because of the restrictions it<br />
enforced on her. “I loved being<br />
a niqabi, it is who I am. But I realize<br />
that being a qualified doctor is<br />
more important. Patients’ satisfaction<br />
comes first and if revealing<br />
my face provides some sort of<br />
comfort for the patient, I’m all<br />
for it.”<br />
In another interview, a doctor at<br />
the <strong>Dubai</strong> Hospital explained that<br />
recently a number of patients<br />
requested to see her specifically<br />
because they were uncomfortable<br />
visiting one of her colleagues<br />
who wouldn’t reveal her face<br />
for religious reasons.<br />
Beyond the controversy of women’s<br />
reasons for wearing the niqab,<br />
there is a group who wear it for<br />
manipulative purposes. There have<br />
been reported incidents in which<br />
both men and women have used it<br />
to perform illegal operations such<br />
as bank robberies and identity<br />
theft.<br />
on February 10, 2010, an article<br />
with the headline “Man claims<br />
fiancee hid beard under niqab”<br />
was published in gulf News.<br />
It revealed a story of an Arab<br />
ambassador in the Emirates, who<br />
called off his wedding because his<br />
wife was allegedly bearded and<br />
cross-eyed and purposely hid her<br />
flaws behind the niqab. “the arab<br />
man, who also holds the title of<br />
minister plenipotentiary, claimed<br />
to a Sharia court judge in <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
that the bride’s family showed<br />
his mother photos of the bride’s<br />
sister and not the woman he was<br />
going to marry.”<br />
Another article published on<br />
october 15, 2010 by The National<br />
newspaper, reported an incident<br />
in which a man tried to illegally<br />
enter the country by wearing the<br />
niqab.<br />
“The Bangladeshi man was sitting<br />
in the front seat next to the driver.<br />
The driver, kH, from oman, told<br />
the police that the person in an<br />
abaya was his wife and handed<br />
a female police officer his wife’s<br />
passport. The policewoman<br />
insisted the passenger take off<br />
the niqab.”<br />
Women continue to struggle for<br />
their rights to walk out in public<br />
wearing the niqab. But if wearing<br />
the niqab in the West brings<br />
unnecessary attention and hardships,<br />
could it be possible that<br />
persistence in this case defeats the<br />
main purpose, which is modesty<br />
and simplicity?<br />
Ironically, the main debate on the<br />
importance of the face veil lies<br />
within the Muslim community<br />
rather than the Western governments.<br />
Since Islam is a religion<br />
that mainly focuses on spiritual<br />
and behavioral aspects, many<br />
individuals find it hard to agree<br />
that concealing one’s face somehow<br />
makes them more devoted<br />
Muslims or “closer to god.” on<br />
the other hand, a great number of<br />
Muslims believe that dressing in a<br />
certain manner plays a great role<br />
in one’s dedication to their religion.<br />
There have been protests for freedom<br />
of choice and religious practices,<br />
but the main question remains:<br />
is concealing one’s identity<br />
truly considered freedom? There’s<br />
no way to justify why it is a good<br />
idea to either allow the niqab or<br />
ban it especially considering the<br />
many sides of the controversy.
victim of brother abuse. Alia Al Shamlan/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
The authoritarian brother<br />
Alia Al Shamlan<br />
When a brother abuses his role as the man of the house.<br />
Not knowing how to deal with<br />
the situation, Amna was shivering<br />
and nervous. She called<br />
the family driver several times,<br />
but he didn’t reply and she was<br />
worried her older brother would<br />
find out about her problem. She<br />
hated herself for losing her car keys.<br />
“I was working on the night of<br />
the <strong>Dubai</strong> World Cup and I lost<br />
my car keys. I called my younger<br />
brother to pick me up, but he<br />
said he couldn’t. I then called the<br />
driver and asked him to get me<br />
the spare key and by the time he<br />
arrived, it was around 11:30 pm.<br />
When I got to my car my older<br />
brother was standing there looking<br />
so angry; he forced me into<br />
his car and kept punching me in<br />
the face. He broke my jaw, gave<br />
me a black eye and a busted lip.<br />
His reasons were ‘you were late<br />
and I thought you were doing<br />
9
10<br />
something wrong’,” said Amna.<br />
The issue of the authoritarian<br />
brother is relevant to Arab countries<br />
especially in the gCC area<br />
Although many of the common<br />
traditional practices that hinder<br />
development and have harmful<br />
effects on a society have diminished<br />
through time, some traditions<br />
resist change. one of these<br />
traditions is the authoritarian<br />
role the man plays in the family.<br />
Men are mostly seen as the<br />
more powerful members of the<br />
familities as their role is to take<br />
care of women, be responsible<br />
for their expenses, and provide<br />
them with whatever they need.<br />
The responsibility is with fathers<br />
as they take care of their families.<br />
When the father isn’t present<br />
whether because he passed<br />
away or divorced, or even if<br />
he was sick, the responsibility<br />
automatically shifts to the mother.<br />
However, in most cases when<br />
there are elder brothers, they<br />
take over. Some brothers misunderstand<br />
their role. They assume<br />
taking the responsibility of the<br />
house means controlling the lives<br />
of the family members, especially<br />
the women.<br />
A.F., a student, has three brothers<br />
who did not interfere in her<br />
life when her father was alive.<br />
“When my father passed away my<br />
life changed dramatically,” A.F<br />
explains. She now needs to get<br />
permissions from her brother<br />
for things like getting her driver’s<br />
license or going out with friends.<br />
“I really wanted to drive and be<br />
independent, but because most<br />
of my brothers are policemen<br />
and army officers, they claim<br />
they are really worried about<br />
allowing me to drive and risk<br />
my life in an accident.”<br />
Dr. Abdulaziz Al Hammadi, Head<br />
of Family Cases Division at <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
Courts, explains that the reason<br />
why brothers act authoritarian<br />
and strict is that they are not<br />
actually aware of their role as<br />
brothers. “They need to understand<br />
their role properly and not<br />
confuse discipline with abuse.”<br />
He also adds that some of them<br />
know their role and are well<br />
educated about it but sadly<br />
do not attempt to practice it<br />
because they are either too<br />
attached to their traditions or<br />
suffer psychological problems.<br />
HE REPEATEDLy<br />
SLAPPED AND<br />
PUNCHED ME.<br />
My FACE, BACk<br />
AND ARMS WERE<br />
BADLy BRUISED<br />
AND MoST<br />
IMPoRTANTLy<br />
My HEART WAS<br />
BRokEN<br />
ghanima Hassan, counselor<br />
of Psychology Services at the<br />
<strong>Dubai</strong> Foundation for Women and<br />
Children, explains that young men<br />
tend to act authoritarian. This<br />
goes back to the mother as she<br />
implants these ideas and beliefs<br />
in her sons’ minds. In some cases<br />
mothers are not educated, and,<br />
therefore, trust their sons’<br />
decisions.<br />
Hassan also points out that the<br />
first five years of a child’s life<br />
greatly influences his future. If<br />
a child as young as three years<br />
old is exposed to a father who<br />
physically or verbally abuses the<br />
mother, the child is most likely<br />
going to do the same when he<br />
grows up. “It’s an ongoing cycle,<br />
unless one of the men realizes<br />
that he has a problem and seeks<br />
help from a counselor to solve<br />
his issue.”<br />
In some cases, men claim to love<br />
their sisters and excuse themselves<br />
by saying, “I hit her because I am<br />
worried about her.” M.S, defending<br />
his violent actions towards<br />
his sister in the following story,<br />
used this argument. M.S. had a<br />
father who constantly abused<br />
his mother; he lived in a tense<br />
environment for 15 years of his<br />
life and his mother always had<br />
unpleasant things to say about<br />
his father. He has three sisters<br />
and is the only man in the house<br />
since the divorce of his parents.<br />
His sister, L.S., a young business<br />
student, is not convinced that she<br />
deserved to be punished by him.<br />
L.S. got to know Ali through<br />
a social networking website<br />
and started communicating<br />
with him as a family relative<br />
with no intentions of doing anything<br />
that could be perceived as<br />
inappropriate. She was the best<br />
student in her class, religious<br />
and respected among her peers,<br />
and her mother was very proud<br />
of her. “When Ali proposed to me<br />
I instantly told my mother and<br />
she told my brother, who got<br />
really angry!”<br />
In a week or so, Ali’s mother<br />
spoke to L.S.’s mother to ask for<br />
her hand in marriage; however,<br />
during that week her future
changed drastically. “My brother<br />
caught me having an innocent<br />
conversation at night with Ali on<br />
the phone and lost control. He<br />
started beating me and wouldn’t<br />
stop; he repeatedly slapped and<br />
punched me. My face, back and<br />
arms were badly bruised and<br />
most importantly my heart was<br />
broken because I wasn’t allowed<br />
to contact Ali again.” However,<br />
L.S. is still in touch with Ali<br />
and is very insistent on having<br />
his family visit them again for a<br />
proper engagement.<br />
Hassan described that some<br />
brothers tend to lose control<br />
of their emotions and behavior<br />
because of their fear for their<br />
sister’s reputation at that<br />
moment.<br />
Some parents might, by stating<br />
cultural beliefs, convince their<br />
children that they deserve to<br />
be physically abused for making<br />
a mistake. Hassan disagrees with<br />
such upbringing by stating that<br />
violence is never the solution<br />
even if the victim made a mistake<br />
that affected the family’s<br />
reputation. “Dealing negatively<br />
with a negative situation will<br />
only bring negative results,” she<br />
added.<br />
The number of reported cases of<br />
household physical abuse seems<br />
to be very low compared to the<br />
actual number of cases. Hassan<br />
said that since 2008, the <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
Foundation for Women and Children<br />
has only received two cases<br />
of physical abuse and that was<br />
after the victims had suffered for<br />
years.<br />
Women who are victims of physical<br />
abuse should always seek<br />
help from professionals who can<br />
improve their situation at home.<br />
For example, a victim could first<br />
report the physical abuse incident<br />
to the police; if the abuse<br />
persists the police would call<br />
the abuser in to sign a pledge,<br />
as well as arrange therapy<br />
sessions to permanently resolve<br />
the issue. If the situation persists,<br />
it could be taken to the court and<br />
resolved by the authorities.<br />
Endless problems seem to affect<br />
the victim if either the verbal<br />
or physical abuse continues.<br />
“She will lose self-confidence,<br />
become an introvert and if she<br />
was a student, her grades would<br />
definitely deteriorate. Most<br />
importantly, family ties are<br />
disconnected and societies<br />
become corrupt,” says Hassan.<br />
“I had to quit my job since I was<br />
badly injured and couldn’t go to<br />
work. My life was ruined. I hope<br />
I marry to a good man and start<br />
a loving family where authority<br />
is nowhere to be seen. I yearn<br />
for this everyday. I will never<br />
lose hope. I hope my brother<br />
changes and at least senses guilt<br />
whenever he sees my face and<br />
the scars that he left on my skin<br />
and my heart,” Amna says.<br />
11
12<br />
Lonely lemon. Samya Al Mandoos/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
The struggle to fit in<br />
Samya Al Mandoos<br />
The challenges foreign wives face while living in a different culture.<br />
“I woke up that morning with a<br />
strange feeling. I opened my eyes<br />
to a different room, different house,<br />
and different country. I closed my<br />
eyes tightly and prayed to god that<br />
I would fit into their society,” said<br />
Maryam Mohammed, a foreign wife.<br />
According to the <strong>Dubai</strong> Statistics<br />
Centre, about 30 percent of local<br />
men are married to foreign women<br />
and the figure is expected to grow<br />
in the future. Among this percentage<br />
there are successes and<br />
challenges.<br />
When Ali returned from a trip to<br />
an Asian country, his mother could
not wait to see him. But when he<br />
walked into the house, he was not<br />
alone; he had brought a wife back<br />
with him. “His mother disliked me<br />
from the first time she saw my face,”<br />
said Maryam, Ali’s wife.<br />
Maryam has been married to Ali<br />
for 23 years and has faced many<br />
problems with her mother-in-law;<br />
Ali’s mother could not accept<br />
maryam and always picked fights<br />
with her. Maryam thought her<br />
mother-in-law would finally<br />
accept Maryam into the family<br />
after giving birth to her grandchildren,<br />
but she was wrong and<br />
the hate persisted. Maryam said<br />
her marriage got worse, but Ali<br />
refused to divorce her because he<br />
was worried it would negatively<br />
influence their children.<br />
Maryam’s story does not represent<br />
the story of all foreign wives. Some<br />
live happily with their husbands’<br />
families. “I never had any disagreements<br />
with any of them,” says<br />
Alison H., referring to her in-laws.<br />
Alison met her husband while<br />
studying at university; she got<br />
married in her country and then<br />
moved to her husband’s home<br />
country, the UAE. “The main<br />
struggle was the language. I didn’t<br />
speak arabic when I first came to<br />
<strong>Dubai</strong> and had to learn it to be able<br />
to understand,” Alison notes.<br />
“I believe being a Muslim helped<br />
me fit in with the arab society.<br />
I have always been fascinated by<br />
different cultures, and so it wasn’t<br />
that difficult to have an open mind<br />
to something different.” However,<br />
Alison’s marriage ended in divorce<br />
and she went back to her country.<br />
A contradicting opinion comes<br />
from Josephine Howells, who got<br />
married in 1988 and came to the<br />
UAE in 1989. “Personally, coming<br />
to the UAE was a culture shock.<br />
I was an independent woman in my<br />
country, but when I came to the<br />
UAE, my husband refused to let<br />
me drive or work.” She explained,<br />
though, that she was very happy<br />
with her in-laws because they<br />
respected her and her culture.<br />
ACCoRDINg To THE<br />
DUBAI STATISTICS<br />
CENTRE, ABoUT<br />
30 PERCENT oF<br />
LoCAL MEN ARE<br />
MARRIED To<br />
FoREIgN WoMEN<br />
Salma Mahboob is a foreign<br />
woman whose family was struggling<br />
financially and living in poor<br />
conditions. An Emirati man who<br />
was visiting her country offered<br />
her a marriage proposal. “I was<br />
very afraid, but I accepted his<br />
proposal to help out my family<br />
and support my younger brothers,”<br />
Salma declared.<br />
After her marriage, Salma faced<br />
a great tragedy when her husband<br />
died. “After my husband passed<br />
away, my in-laws tried to adopt<br />
my children, but I refused,” Salma<br />
said. She managed to raise her<br />
children on her own and received<br />
a monthly income from the<br />
Ministry of Social Affairs. Today,<br />
Salma is very happy with her<br />
choices and loves her children<br />
very much.<br />
In a survey conducted on Emirati<br />
society’s opinions on foreign wives,<br />
the majority of the respondents<br />
refused the idea of local men<br />
marrying foreign women.<br />
“Cultural differences are the main<br />
reason I reject this idea,” said<br />
Naeema Al Amiri, an employer<br />
at Sharjah Ladies Club. Al Amiri<br />
is concerned that mixing two<br />
cultures would confuse the<br />
children’s identity.<br />
“It will most likely end with a<br />
divorce,” affirms Kamal mahdi,<br />
judge of family disputes at <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
Courts. Mahdi rejects the idea<br />
of local men marrying foreigners<br />
as he has handled many cases in<br />
the court, which involved foreign<br />
wives. He believes foreign women<br />
are usually looking for personal<br />
benefits when choosing to marry<br />
a local man. “A foreign woman will<br />
always remain loyal to her home<br />
country; her intentions to marry<br />
a local man are always influenced<br />
by materialistic reasons.” Mahdi<br />
believes that the children are<br />
always the victims of the parents’<br />
separation and that they are the<br />
ones who are going to suffer in<br />
the end.<br />
13
14<br />
SOCIETY<br />
Blade weapons<br />
Saeed Salem Almas<br />
gangs, weapons, blood, and revenge; is it only in the movies?<br />
knives, daggers and swords,<br />
collectively known as “white<br />
weapons,” are used in hunting,<br />
sports, and craftwork. However,<br />
some Emirati teens and adults<br />
use them as personal weapons<br />
with deadly consequences. As it<br />
is easy for adults and even teens<br />
to buy such weapons in the UAE,<br />
crimes involving bladed weapons<br />
have become a common<br />
issue in recent years.<br />
Across the Emirates, men and<br />
teenage boys, most of them<br />
unemployed or uneducated, often<br />
carry white weapons. gang wars<br />
commonly start in neighborhoods<br />
over control of specific streets<br />
and areas; most of these fights are<br />
related to family issues, revenge,<br />
and turf wars or even just to<br />
show off.<br />
“We found them sitting near<br />
an electricity cable in a really<br />
dark place. My friend and I took<br />
out medium-sized knives and<br />
attacked them. I stabbed them<br />
both really deep and my friend<br />
slashed them hard on their<br />
backs. I saw them bleeding and<br />
begging for mercy, their blood<br />
was on my hands and clothes,<br />
they didn’t fight back and we ran<br />
from the scene. A few days later,<br />
I was arrested by the police and<br />
have been in prison since then,”<br />
says g.A., a 26-year-old convict.<br />
White weapons used to be regular<br />
items in Emirati homes and were<br />
kept as part of traditional decorations.<br />
Nowadays, people who<br />
are interested in buying these<br />
weapons must visit local souks<br />
or the black market.<br />
STATISTICS<br />
CoNDUCTED By<br />
DUBAI CUSToMS<br />
SHoW THAT<br />
THERE HAS BEEN A<br />
RECENT<br />
ATTEMPT To<br />
SMUggLE ARoUND<br />
900 WEAPoNS<br />
INTo THE UAE.<br />
According to Issa Al Shamsi, an<br />
officer at the Ministry of Interior,<br />
“These weapons are classified by<br />
size and how harmful they are;<br />
some of the dangerous white<br />
weapons are not allowed to enter<br />
the country, while others can be<br />
traded under specific conditions.<br />
Trading them in public places<br />
such as shopping centers, sport<br />
stadiums and the like, is banned.”<br />
In 2008, Majid Al Matroushi,<br />
Chairman of the Committee of<br />
Internal Affairs and Defense of<br />
the Federal Council, declared<br />
that bladed or white weapons<br />
were to be excluded from the<br />
draft of federal law that covers<br />
weapons, ammunition and<br />
explosives. They are expected to<br />
eventually be added to the final<br />
draft and discussed at a later<br />
time.<br />
Al Matroushi calls for tighter<br />
control and monitoring of industries<br />
that include the use of<br />
what can be classified as bladed<br />
weapons and to put security<br />
and safety before commercial<br />
interests.<br />
As crimes involving bladed weapons<br />
increase, people have been<br />
pushing for stronger weapon<br />
legislation in the region. The authorities<br />
feel it is best to cooperate<br />
with the Ministry of Interior<br />
and other departments regarding<br />
this issue. The problem<br />
cannot be solved by a ban since<br />
there are many industries that<br />
use tools, which can technically<br />
be classified as bladed weapons.<br />
one can legally buy bladed<br />
weapons in a variety of places,<br />
such as fishing shops. The tools<br />
are licensed from the Department<br />
of Economic Development<br />
under the category of “trade<br />
gear.” However, since unlicensed<br />
fishing and hunting are prohibited<br />
in all seven emirates, what is<br />
the purpose of providing fishing<br />
gear and other tools for hunting?<br />
Another unfortunate factor that<br />
makes weapons popular among
Gang fight. Fatma salem almas/HCt-<strong>Dubai</strong>, women’s Campus<br />
15
16<br />
both adults and teens is the<br />
price. A sword ranges between<br />
250 and 750 AED only and the<br />
cost of an air-hunting rifle can<br />
vary from 600 to 1800 AED.<br />
Statistics conducted by <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
Customs show that there has<br />
been a recent attempt to smuggle<br />
around 900 white weapons<br />
into the UAE. Also, two years<br />
ago, a group of teenagers aged<br />
between 14 and 19 years old<br />
were involved in 15 crimes using<br />
white weapons in the city of Ras<br />
Al khaimah. Another statistic<br />
shows that around 910 bladed<br />
weapons have been seized from<br />
foreigners entering <strong>Dubai</strong> International<br />
Airport in the past<br />
three years.<br />
The Senior Manager of Airport<br />
operations at <strong>Dubai</strong> Customs, Ali<br />
Almaqhoi, noted that travelers<br />
of different ages and nationalities<br />
have been caught carrying<br />
bladed weapons hidden in their<br />
luggage and personal belongings.<br />
He also noted that among the<br />
white weapons seized by <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
Customs were swords, knives,<br />
sharp handgrips, iron sticks with<br />
nails and other sharp objects<br />
that can be used as weapons.<br />
In 2009, 351 knives were seized.<br />
In 2010 the number fell to 326<br />
and proceeded to decline to 233<br />
in 2011. Almaqhoi stated that<br />
these numbers prove that the<br />
<strong>Dubai</strong> Customs’ efforts to inform<br />
people of the dangers of traveling<br />
with such weapons are working.<br />
The spread of white weapons<br />
use among minors began to<br />
attract media attention approximately<br />
seven years ago.<br />
White weapons are commonly<br />
carried by “Siyaa” or gangs, who<br />
bring what they are exposed to<br />
from violent films to their own<br />
neighborhoods. Some of them<br />
walk around carrying swords and<br />
knives anticipating challenges<br />
and duels that sometimes end in<br />
serious injuries and even death.<br />
“...PARENTS SHoULD<br />
TAkE FULL<br />
RESPoNSIBILITy<br />
FoR WHAT THEIR<br />
CHILDREN ARE<br />
BEINg ExPoSED To;<br />
THE BEST SoLU-<br />
TIoN IS To SPEND<br />
MoRE TIME WITH<br />
THEM INSTEAD<br />
oF LEAvINg<br />
THEM oUT IN THE<br />
STREETS WITHoUT<br />
SUPERvISIoN.”<br />
ghareeb Ateeq, a former police<br />
officer, specified that some bladed<br />
or white weapons that are available<br />
in the markets are not sharp or<br />
lethal weapons. However, some<br />
individuals buy, sharpen, and use<br />
them as lethal weapons. He also<br />
added that he once found out<br />
about an underground community<br />
that hid sharp swords and knives<br />
in a tent; they were later arrested<br />
by the police.<br />
A social specialist at a high school<br />
in Sharjah was questioning how<br />
some parents raise their children,<br />
especially boys. He has personally<br />
come across male students from<br />
different social and economic<br />
backgrounds, who started trading<br />
or buying weapons.<br />
According to him, rich families<br />
spoil their children, giving them<br />
the opportunity to have access<br />
to whatever they want, including<br />
expensive daggers and knives.<br />
He also describes how teens<br />
are easily influenced by media<br />
exposure, as they are undergoing<br />
emotional and psychological<br />
changes. “Controlling your sons<br />
and daughters in a positive way<br />
is the key. Parents should take<br />
full responsibility for what their<br />
children are being exposed to;<br />
the best solution is to spend<br />
more time with them instead of<br />
leaving them out in the streets<br />
without supervision.”<br />
Crimes involving bladed weapons<br />
have always existed; however,<br />
population growth and increased<br />
media coverage on such issues<br />
have led people to believe it is<br />
a recent issue. This could bring<br />
a positive change to the country,<br />
as with more awareness comes<br />
effective measures of improving<br />
the society’s security and wellbeing.
Women’s Education Worldwide<br />
HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong> Women’s campus is delighted to have been given the<br />
opportunity to host the WEW Faculty Conference in January 8-10, 2013.<br />
The mission of WEW is<br />
to share best practices,<br />
to collect and disseminate data<br />
about women’s colleges, to<br />
foster exchange among our<br />
institutions, and to advocate for<br />
women’s education worldwide.<br />
https://www.mtholyoke.edu/pro<br />
j/wew/index.html<br />
WEW Faculty Conference<br />
January 8-10, 2013.<br />
For more information, please<br />
email: dwc.wew2013@hct.ac.ae<br />
-<br />
HIGHER COLLEGES OF TECHNOLOGY - DUBAI<br />
P r a c t i c i n g t h e F u t u r e
18<br />
A’ayan horse riding club for women. Lamya Al Mualla/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
Women and horse riding:manmade barriers?<br />
Lamya Al Mualla<br />
What is the controversy over females horse riding in the UAE? Why are some families<br />
prohibiting their daughters to practice the sport?
Why are Emirati females held<br />
back from playing certain sports?<br />
Are there sports that are truly<br />
exclusive to men only?<br />
Horse riding is a sport that has<br />
psychological and social benefits<br />
as it gives confidence and a feeling<br />
of independence to the rider.<br />
However, some females are<br />
deprived of its benefits due<br />
to cultural influence.<br />
L.A., a 20-year-old female who has<br />
been riding horses since the age<br />
of six, tells us about her experience.<br />
“We’re a family of two boys and<br />
a girl. My mom has always<br />
encouraged us to practice all<br />
kinds of sports following the<br />
recommendation of Caliph Umar<br />
bin Al khatab in which he says:<br />
‘Teach your children swimming,<br />
archery and horse riding.’ While<br />
riding horses, I have fallen several<br />
times and I thank god that it has<br />
only resulted in minor injuries.<br />
Nothing has stopped me from<br />
reaching my ambitions, but the<br />
biggest hindrance was when I<br />
turned fifteen and had to wear<br />
the sheyla and abaya. I decided to<br />
stop because I felt like I couldn’t<br />
ride in front of males. Recently, I<br />
joined a private women’s stable<br />
and went after my dream.”<br />
the benefits of the equestrian<br />
sport include positive influence<br />
on an individual’s physical and<br />
psychological health as it helps<br />
the development and refinement<br />
of the body. It also improves the<br />
horse rider’s attention because<br />
it stimulates blood circulation<br />
and breathing and increases the<br />
ability to control body movement<br />
and maintain balance.<br />
In 2006, Hanan Al Muhairi directed<br />
a documentary called Arabyana,<br />
which focused on female riders<br />
in the UAE and why people think<br />
negatively about such sports.<br />
According to the documentary,<br />
Emirati families are divided into<br />
three groups. The first group<br />
allows their daughters to ride<br />
horses without restrictions, the<br />
second group allows their daughters<br />
to do so, but within private<br />
arenas and without participating<br />
in competitions, whereas the third<br />
group does not support the idea<br />
of a female rider.<br />
“HoRSE RIDINg IS<br />
A vERy DANgERoUS<br />
SPoRT ESPECIALLy<br />
FoR FEMALES<br />
BECAUSE THEy<br />
CoULD FALL AND<br />
gET SERIoUSLy<br />
INJURED.”<br />
Nada Hussain Al Mansoor, owner<br />
and managing director of Aayan<br />
<strong>Dubai</strong> Equestrian, opens the stable<br />
five months a year exclusively<br />
for female horse riders. Records<br />
show that each year 300 females<br />
between the ages of 14-50, most<br />
of them teenagers, join the stable.<br />
when al mansoor first started<br />
she only had two horses, but<br />
now with the growing number of<br />
participants, she has 32 horses in<br />
her stable, eight of which are for<br />
private use.<br />
“Culture and traditions are the<br />
main reasons Emirati families<br />
prohibit their daughters from<br />
horse riding. The second reason<br />
is the belief that playing certain<br />
types of sports could affect a<br />
female’s virginity. However, in the<br />
past, Arab women used to ride<br />
horses for transportation and also<br />
during war. Why should women<br />
of this generation be stopped from<br />
riding horses based on traditions?”<br />
Al Mansoor also believes that<br />
“horse riding makes women more<br />
feminine since it teaches the rider<br />
to be soft-hearted and affectionate<br />
with the horse in ordere to tame<br />
it. Furthermore, a woman becomes<br />
stronger and more confident.”<br />
Hanan Al Muhairi, the founder<br />
of Arabyana group, which was<br />
established in 2007 by six Emirati<br />
females, tells her story. “one of<br />
the challenges I faced was the fact<br />
that my dad wasn’t happy about<br />
me riding horses in the beginning.<br />
I’m ambitious and I want to learn<br />
everything, but my dad didn’t<br />
encourage me because he thought<br />
that taking part in various activities<br />
in addition to going to college<br />
would affect my studies.”<br />
In an interview with Al Muhairi’s<br />
father, he said, “Horse riding is a<br />
very dangerous sport especially<br />
for females because they could fall<br />
and get seriously injured.” However,<br />
Al Muhairi’s father approved of<br />
the idea, as his daughter’s passion<br />
and determination convinced him<br />
to allow her to pursue her dream.<br />
Alia Ali, 23 years old, rode horses<br />
without her family’s consent. “My<br />
family is against the idea even<br />
though we have a big farm with<br />
many horses that are only used by<br />
my brothers. The reason I’m not<br />
allowed to ride is because they<br />
have the wrong idea that it could<br />
result in the loss of my virginity.”<br />
In the documentary Arabyana,<br />
Dr. Waeel Samoor, a gynecologist<br />
explains that “horse riding doesn’t<br />
affect a woman’s virginity. Based<br />
on the female anatomy, there is no<br />
direct contact between a female’s<br />
sensitive parts and the saddle or<br />
19
20<br />
even anything that is similar to<br />
the saddle in any other sport.”<br />
yousif Al Hammadi, a trainee<br />
at <strong>Dubai</strong> World Stable, which is<br />
owned by H.H Sheikh Mohammed<br />
Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, says, “I<br />
worked at <strong>Dubai</strong> World stable for<br />
six years and taught 15 females<br />
who never mentioned being<br />
afraid of losing their virginity. H.H<br />
Sheikh Mohammed encourages<br />
Emirati women to practice the<br />
sport by attending horse races<br />
and cheering for them. He also<br />
visits three days a week while<br />
the girls are practicing and even<br />
rides horses at the stable with us.<br />
Sheikh Mohammed’s vision involves<br />
encouraging more women into<br />
the field of horse riding. In 2004,<br />
the percentage of female Emirati<br />
horse riders was about 40 percent<br />
and in 2012 it reached 80 percent.”<br />
Also from the royal family, Princess<br />
Haya bint Al Hussein, Sheikha<br />
Madiya bin Hasher Al Maktoum,<br />
Sheikha Latifah Bin Mohammed Bin<br />
Rashid and many other members<br />
of Al Maktoum family support and<br />
encourage female horse riders.<br />
Additionally, Sheikha Fatima bint<br />
Mubarak, wife of the late UAE<br />
ruler, H.H. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan<br />
Al Nahyan, supports women’s<br />
rights through her establishment<br />
of the general Women’s<br />
Union (gWE) that was founded<br />
34 years ago. The gWC creates<br />
competitions, workshops and<br />
events to promote causes such as<br />
the Sheikha Fatima Bint Mubarak<br />
Ladies World Championship<br />
(IFAHR) that encourages amateur<br />
female horse riders in Arabian<br />
horse races.<br />
Twenty-one-year-old Sara Al<br />
Sharif has been riding horses<br />
since she was 4 years old. “My<br />
mom bought me my first horse<br />
when I was 4 and encouraged me<br />
to ride it because I loved animals.<br />
I developed this passion from my<br />
mother because she was raised in<br />
America and her lifestyle included<br />
a stable and lots of horses. I<br />
fell off a horse for the first time<br />
when I was 6 years old and she<br />
helped me up, put me back on<br />
the horse and watched me as I<br />
learned. This experience taught<br />
me to never be afraid.”<br />
“CULTURE AND<br />
TRADITIoNS ARE<br />
THE MAIN REASoNS<br />
EMIRATI FAMILIES<br />
PRoHIBIT THEIR<br />
DAUgHTERS FRoM<br />
HoRSE RIDINg.<br />
Al Sharif fell off the horse several<br />
times later on and decided to stop<br />
riding when she was 12 years old<br />
due to a painful injury in her back.<br />
Two years later, her mother<br />
encouraged her to go back to horse<br />
riding, and when she turned 15 she<br />
participated in a horse race where<br />
Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed<br />
saw her and asked her to join as<br />
a rider in his club. A year later she<br />
joined Fazza Equestrian Club and<br />
is still a member today.<br />
“I have always heard girls use<br />
culture as an excuse not to ride<br />
horses, but it’s totally wrong. I’m<br />
not manly, I am feminine and I<br />
don’t think my hobby has affected<br />
my femininity at all.”
Playing football: a career or a dream?<br />
Moaza Al Sharif<br />
A dream job or just an uncertain future?<br />
our eyes speak the same language. omar Al Bastaki<br />
21
21<br />
Saif k. was once very ambitious; he<br />
always received the highest grades<br />
among his classmates in almost<br />
every subject until his father lost all<br />
his money and Saif needed to<br />
support his family as he was the<br />
only son. Saif was a talented<br />
football player and everyone<br />
appreciated his footwork. After<br />
joining the school’s football team, a<br />
sports agent noticed his talent and<br />
offered him a position on a popular<br />
football team. Saif could not resist<br />
the tempting offer and dropped out<br />
of school so he could support his<br />
family.<br />
“IF A PERSoN<br />
HAS CoNSTANTLy<br />
FAILED AT SCHooL<br />
HE WoULD PRoB-<br />
ABLy DRoP oUT<br />
AND JoIN A FooT-<br />
BALL CLUB AS A<br />
RESPoNSE To HIS<br />
EAgERNESS To<br />
SUCCEED AT SoME-<br />
THINg.”<br />
Saif is one of many young men who<br />
made the hasty decision of getting<br />
a job instead of pursuing higher<br />
education degrees. In the Emirates,<br />
a football player typically receives<br />
the salary of a minister and leads<br />
a luxurious life.<br />
In the UAE, most males who join<br />
football clubs see it as a chance<br />
to play professionally as well as<br />
a shortcut to luxury and wealth.<br />
The United Arab Emirates has<br />
around 30 different football clubs<br />
competing to make football history.<br />
The are considered a source of<br />
temptation to young men to abandon<br />
their education in hopes of<br />
accomplishing one goal.<br />
According to a football coach who<br />
trains young boys in a famous club<br />
in <strong>Dubai</strong>, the main reasons behind<br />
this phenomenon are poverty and<br />
failure in school. Dreams of becoming<br />
professional football players<br />
along with intense training provide<br />
the means of escaping their reality.<br />
Many young men dream of becoming<br />
the next Adnan Al-Taliani, one<br />
of the UAE’s best football players<br />
who scored the UAE winning goal<br />
at the World Cup in 1990.<br />
The football system in the UAE<br />
is quite different from the West.<br />
“There, players cannot join any kind<br />
of sport at school if their grades are<br />
bad or if they fail any of the mandatory<br />
subjects,” says Samir Hussain,<br />
a 16-year-old student who studied<br />
abroad for seven years. “Their application<br />
to join the sports club is<br />
rejected until the player passes all<br />
subjects,” he adds.<br />
Implementing a similar system<br />
for footballers and athletes in the<br />
UAE could have a great impact on<br />
society. “Being a football player is<br />
a dream profession but it’s a risky<br />
road; when a player gets injured<br />
during a match, the club forgets<br />
about him until he recovers. And if<br />
he fails to recover, he has to look for<br />
a proper job which pays well, but he<br />
won’t be able to because he doesn’t<br />
have the necessary degree to get it,”<br />
said omar Al-Ayobi, a 24 year old<br />
Emirati actor. “If a person has constantly<br />
failed at school, he would<br />
probably drop out and join<br />
a football club in his eagerness<br />
to succeed at something,” he<br />
commented.<br />
yaser Matar is an ambitious 26 year<br />
old football player who plays for<br />
the UAE’s Al-Jazeerah club and<br />
has been obsessed with football<br />
ever since he was a little kid. “It<br />
has been my first and only dream<br />
since I was five years old. I believe<br />
it is because all my brothers, who<br />
are older than I am were not only<br />
involved in this remarkable sport,<br />
but were also champions of the<br />
UAE football league,” he said.<br />
According to Matar, although playing<br />
football may not be a secure<br />
career, it is the only path he could<br />
see himself excelling in. “This job<br />
is a short-term job unlike other<br />
jobs. We play until we reach the<br />
age of 30 -35 years, which is when<br />
we can’t play anymore,” he added<br />
Nevertheless, he also believes that<br />
football is a way for him to serve<br />
his country and give back to his<br />
community. “The challenges and<br />
obstacles that come with this job<br />
make us deserve the rewards we<br />
get because we work hard just<br />
like people in other jobs. Sometimes,<br />
we leave our families for<br />
months to play football matches<br />
nationally and internationally.”<br />
one of the biggest barriers that<br />
football players face is the possibility<br />
that they might not be able<br />
to play again. Luckily for Matar,<br />
his injury was not permanent,<br />
unlike many other athletes. “Last<br />
year, I injured my knee and had<br />
to undergo an operation. As per<br />
the doctor’s instructions, I had to<br />
stop playing for seven months, but<br />
after my recovery period, I went<br />
back and trained hard to get back<br />
in shape.”<br />
Saeed Abdulla is one of the great<br />
football players, arbitrators, and<br />
analysts in the history of Emirati<br />
football. He played for the UAE
national team and Al-Wasl Club<br />
from the early 70s to the mid 80s.<br />
He also joined the arbitrator<br />
committee in 1988 until 2001.<br />
Later on, he became a sports analyst<br />
on Sharjah Tv until he retired.<br />
“You can find a high percentage<br />
of illiteracy in young players<br />
emerging onto the football field<br />
because many of them did not<br />
attend school in the first place.<br />
In my opinion, football clubs are<br />
dragging players to an early<br />
illiteracy age where none of them<br />
will be able to even communicate<br />
coherently,” he commented.<br />
According to Abdulla, many football<br />
players do not think about the<br />
consequences of choosing a football<br />
career over getting a proper<br />
education because of the tempting<br />
monthly salary, which reaches<br />
about AED 100,000. “The problem<br />
is not the players, but the fast-paced<br />
culture of the Emirates. Football<br />
players of this generation suffer<br />
from lack of education and won’t be<br />
able to keep up with the fast developing<br />
life in the country,” he stated.<br />
Despite the exceptional care that<br />
is channeled towards the football<br />
profession in the country, the<br />
development of Emirati football<br />
remains somewhat weak compared<br />
to other countries. “Unfortunately,<br />
the development of Emirati football<br />
is declining. It is true that we<br />
developed professionally but we<br />
moved too fast without planning<br />
for good quality. Emirati football<br />
was at its best in the past; it<br />
brought wonderful results and<br />
set the greatest records,” Abdulla<br />
affirmed.<br />
The late Salem Sa’ad was an Emirati<br />
football player who started his<br />
career playing for Al-Shabab Club<br />
and Al-Naser Club. When Sa’ad<br />
passed away his family were left<br />
to struggle financially due to their<br />
full dependence on Sa’ad’s career<br />
advantages. As Sa’ad did not<br />
complete his education, he was<br />
not aware of his rights as a player<br />
and his family ended up paying<br />
the price.<br />
“yoU CAN FIND A<br />
HIgH PERCENTAgE<br />
oF ILLITERACy IN<br />
yoUNg PLAyERS<br />
EMERgINg oNTo<br />
THE FooTBALL<br />
FIELD BECAUSE<br />
MANy oF THEM<br />
DID NoT ATTEND<br />
SCHooL IN THE<br />
FIRST PLACE.<br />
IN My oPINIoN,<br />
FooTBALL CLUBS<br />
ARE DRAggINg<br />
PLAyERS To AN<br />
EARLy ILLITERACy<br />
AgE WHERE NoNE<br />
oF THEM WILL<br />
BE ABLE To EvEN<br />
CoMMUNICATE<br />
CoHERENTLy.”<br />
“I wish to be a football player, but<br />
at the same time I want to have<br />
another career on the side, which<br />
would serve as a back up plan if I<br />
have to stop playing football one<br />
day. I need to make sure I can<br />
continue my life without any<br />
obstacles,” said Mohammed<br />
Rashed, a 22-year-old student<br />
at the American University of<br />
Sharjah. Rashed also added that<br />
it is never too late for anyone to<br />
complete his or her education.<br />
“Local players deserve all the<br />
rewards they’re getting because<br />
football is part of our culture, and<br />
by playing football, they’re keeping<br />
us entertained and are making<br />
accomplishments on behalf of the<br />
country,” Ibrahim Al-ghanim, a<br />
22-year-old law student, stated.<br />
others, however, believe the<br />
rewards and benefits that football<br />
players get are more than what<br />
they deserve. “They don’t deserve<br />
all the money and rewards they<br />
are given because after receiving<br />
them, they forget about the sport,”<br />
says khalid Ahmed, a 25-year-old<br />
Emirati working in the army.<br />
Nowadays, Saif suffers a leg injury<br />
that put an end to his football career.<br />
And because he has no degree, he<br />
is not able to find a good paying<br />
job to support his family. He regrets<br />
his hasty decision. If he could go<br />
back, he would postpone football<br />
a couple of years so he can first<br />
get his educational degree and<br />
the right position in a successful<br />
company to secure a stable<br />
income and a stable life for his<br />
family.<br />
22
23<br />
Cultural boundries affecting women’s rights. Maryam Bin Ali/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
Women in police stations<br />
Maryam Bin Ali<br />
Cultures and traditions can prevent women in the Arab region from practicing many<br />
things, but would it ever stop a woman from reaching out to the police?<br />
on the morning of 31 December,<br />
2010, I woke up after hearing my<br />
mother screaming at everyone in<br />
the house. “Fire, fire, wake up<br />
Maryam, the house is on fire!”<br />
She was running, crying, knocking<br />
on the doors and calling us. I<br />
jumped from my bed immediately<br />
and was shocked to see thesmoke<br />
all over the place.<br />
I got my mobile and jumped<br />
from my brother’s room window<br />
and called the emergency number<br />
asking for help. My brother saw<br />
me calling the police helpline<br />
number and argued with me<br />
not to call and said, “Why are you<br />
calling the police from your personal<br />
mobile phone?” I wondered<br />
if this was the proper time to<br />
worry about such an issue!<br />
Police stations exist to serve<br />
people regardless of their gender.<br />
yet, in some cases, Emirati men<br />
do not allow their female relatives<br />
to approach police stations<br />
whether by phone or in person.<br />
There are different opinions<br />
regarding that matter.
The UAE police are a service<br />
center, which provide a variety<br />
of services. Ahmed Bin Ali, a<br />
policeman who works in <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
Police said, “<strong>Dubai</strong> Police value<br />
gender equality and they offer<br />
their services to all individuals<br />
whether they are men or women.<br />
As police employees we are aware<br />
that women nowadays are in need<br />
of all the services just as men.”<br />
Sometimes women have no choice<br />
but to visit the police station for<br />
certain documents such as good<br />
conduct certificates, comprehensive<br />
traffic statistics and driving<br />
license renewals.<br />
However, there are some services<br />
in the police station that can be<br />
done by someone on behalf of<br />
the woman. “If the case can be<br />
solved without personal attendance,<br />
I prefer not to take my wife<br />
with me. I believe that the police<br />
station isn’t the proper place for<br />
a woman,” Mohammed said.<br />
going to the police station with<br />
a family member is one way of<br />
preventing a woman from being<br />
judged by society. Mohammed<br />
Ahmed explains he would not<br />
judge a woman for going to a<br />
police station if she had her<br />
husband with her or one of her<br />
male family members. “I will<br />
allow my wife to go to the police<br />
if the case is serious and can only<br />
be solved with her presence. Also,<br />
I need to be with my wife just to<br />
stop people from judging her.”<br />
khawla Al Matawa is one of<br />
many local women who are facing<br />
the same problem. After a<br />
long day at college, Al Matawa,<br />
22 years old, got into an accident<br />
with a reckless driver on<br />
her way home. Al Matawa called<br />
the police and was asked for her<br />
driving license and car registration<br />
document. When he read<br />
her name he recognized her<br />
uncle and he asked Al Matawa<br />
to come to the police station to<br />
sign important documents. The<br />
next day she received a call from<br />
her furious uncle who was upset<br />
because she went to the police<br />
station without having a male<br />
present with her.<br />
“IF THE CASE CAN<br />
BE SoLvED WITHoUT<br />
PERSoNAL<br />
ATTENDANCE, I<br />
PREFER NoT To<br />
TAkE My WIFE<br />
WITH ME. I BELIEvE<br />
THAT THE PoLICE<br />
STATIoN ISN’T THE<br />
PRoPER PLACE FoR<br />
A WoMAN.”<br />
on the other hand, some locals<br />
do not see anything wrong with<br />
a woman going to the police station.<br />
“Twenty years ago, it was considered<br />
shameful for a woman to go<br />
to the police station. Parents didn’t<br />
allow their daughters to do so<br />
because at that time the police<br />
station offered very few services<br />
and people generally thought<br />
that being seen there would ruin<br />
one’s reputation.” says Shamsa<br />
Taymoor.<br />
According to an article published<br />
in Al Emarat Al Youm newspaper,<br />
<strong>Dubai</strong> Police reported that the<br />
number of domestic violence<br />
cases against women increased<br />
reaching 102 cases in 2009<br />
Women are culturally not allowed<br />
to visit the police station to report<br />
their issues, which gives the abusers<br />
more power. As a solution to<br />
this issue, Dhahi khalfan, the<br />
commander of <strong>Dubai</strong> Police, has<br />
assigned 27 policewomen to<br />
personally visit the houses of<br />
female victims.<br />
Police management is aware<br />
of how the community judges<br />
women who work at a police<br />
station. Maitha Al Haddad applied<br />
for a job at the police station.<br />
“I received a phone call from the<br />
police’s human resource department<br />
asking me to come for a job<br />
interview and I accepted it immediately.<br />
When I told my father<br />
about it, the first thing he said<br />
was, “I’m going with you.” After<br />
Al Haddad was accepted for the<br />
job, she went to <strong>Dubai</strong> police to<br />
sign the contract. “I was surprised<br />
when my manager told me that<br />
that my office is located in the<br />
Dragon Mart and not in the main<br />
police station,” she added.<br />
Al Haddad and six other girls<br />
could not even pursue their<br />
dreams of working at the police<br />
station because of the belief that<br />
it could affect their reputation.<br />
24
26<br />
MARRIAGE<br />
Mohammad Ahli<br />
A detour taken to pursue a<br />
college degree and putting<br />
marriage and motherhood on<br />
hold has become normal in the<br />
life of an Emirati female. The<br />
majority of females have decided<br />
to secure themselves with a<br />
degree that will grant them<br />
independence before tying the<br />
knot and committing to a life full<br />
of responsibilities and endless<br />
First I need to<br />
GRADUATE from college<br />
then think of MARRIAGE!<br />
Education or marriage. Photo source: Ahmed Abdullah<br />
Education threatens marriage<br />
Some women prefer to stay home and get married, whereas others insist on pursuing<br />
their education.<br />
chores. Worldwide women empowerment<br />
and rights developments<br />
have paved the way for Emirati<br />
females to be more than just wives<br />
to embrace their freedom, express<br />
their individuality and have an<br />
important role in developing the<br />
country.<br />
Thirty years ago, opportunities for<br />
female Emiratis were not as diverse<br />
as they are now. Her Highness<br />
Sheikha Fatima Bint Mubarak,<br />
Chairperson of the general<br />
Women’s Union, is the driving force<br />
behind Emirati women securing<br />
their rights . She encouraged the<br />
late President, Sheikh Zayed Bin<br />
Sultan Al Nahyan, to start the women<br />
empowerment movement and<br />
allow Emirati females to gain their<br />
full rights. A report published in
gulf News in 2011, stated that her<br />
Highness always believed Emirati<br />
women could contribute much<br />
more to their society by building<br />
a stronger generation through<br />
improving their education. She also<br />
believes that women are able to<br />
handle any position, be it political,<br />
business-related or even military.<br />
opportunities today are wide open<br />
for Emirati females to handpick<br />
their dream job and excel at it.<br />
However, having the chance of<br />
pursuing a career-oriented life has<br />
delayed the process of sharing a life<br />
with a partner, as many believe that<br />
“sealing the deal” involves giving up<br />
many of one’s career opportunities.<br />
In the past, most parents would<br />
never have passed up the chance<br />
to marry off their daughters<br />
regardless of their age or education;<br />
girls were considered to be<br />
eligible for marriage as soon as<br />
they reached puberty. Nowadays,<br />
not only do girls prefer to delay<br />
their marriage until receiving<br />
a college degree, but also their<br />
parents encourage them to do<br />
so. Most mothers believe their<br />
daughters should take advantage<br />
of the opportunities that were not<br />
granted to them when they were<br />
young, since the majority of<br />
Emirati mothers only carry a<br />
middle or high school degree.<br />
Ibrahim Al Fardan, a father of six<br />
daughters, agrees strictly to only<br />
allowing an engagement if the<br />
suitor is extremely eligible and<br />
can not wait. “Marriage can wait.<br />
My daughters’ education come<br />
first and they should always have<br />
their degrees as back up.” He also<br />
explained that the only time he<br />
would be willing to let any of his<br />
daughters know about a marriage<br />
proposal is if he thinks the guy is<br />
suitable enough and exceptional.<br />
“My daughters are still young and<br />
have their whole lives in front of<br />
them; I don’t want to see them<br />
stressing themselves out trying<br />
to balance their education and<br />
marriage. Waiting a few years<br />
for marriage is fine,” al Fardan<br />
explained.<br />
ACCoRDINg To A<br />
STATISTIC<br />
REPoRTED By Al<br />
EmArAT Al Youm<br />
IN 2011, MANy<br />
PEoPLE BELIEvE<br />
THAT oNE oF THE<br />
MAIN REASoNS<br />
BEHIND THE HIgH<br />
DIvoRCE RATES IN<br />
THE UAE IS<br />
EDUCATIoN.<br />
According to a report published<br />
in Al Emarat Al Youm newspaper<br />
in 2011, many people believe that<br />
one of the main reasons behind<br />
the high divorce rates in the UAE<br />
is education. “young couples<br />
underestimate the responsibility<br />
and commitment that marriage<br />
brings,” said Fatma Al Falasi, an<br />
Emirati columnist of Gulf News.<br />
However, research conducted<br />
through social media revealed<br />
otherwise. one simple question<br />
was asked: are Emirati females<br />
willing to get married while they<br />
still go to college? Subsequently<br />
within a few hours, 200 replies<br />
were received with 146 of them<br />
answering no and only 54 voting<br />
yes. This shows that the majority<br />
of Emirati females prefer to<br />
prioritize education to marriage.<br />
The results were informative as<br />
some of the girls revealed their<br />
parents’ views about them getting<br />
married before completing their<br />
college degree. Most of the families<br />
seemed to leave the decision<br />
to their daughters.<br />
Emirati females rejected the idea<br />
of marriage before completing<br />
their studies for various reasons.<br />
khadija Mahmood, a student at<br />
Zayed University, stated that<br />
marriage could be “handful” and<br />
said that she views marriage as a<br />
difficult task because she is aware<br />
of the responsibilities and repercussions<br />
of marriage. She also<br />
added that having a husband and<br />
possibly a baby would distract her<br />
from her studies and that is something<br />
she would not want.<br />
Zahra Habib, a recent graduate<br />
from DWC, shares a different<br />
view. “I am against marriage<br />
while studying.” Habib supports<br />
her opinion by saying that both<br />
education and marriage demand<br />
hard work and that it is all about<br />
one’s ability to balance the two.<br />
“If a girl is unable to balance the<br />
two then she should probably<br />
wait on marriage.” Speaking from<br />
her own experience, Habib knew<br />
her capabilities very well and<br />
decided to delay her marriage and<br />
be completely dedicated to her<br />
education. She thinks of education<br />
and marriage as two different<br />
lives; girls must complete one to<br />
be fully committed to the other.<br />
In an opposing view, Hawra<br />
Dawood, a married student at<br />
Zayed University, does not see<br />
a problem with marriage while<br />
studying. “I don’t regret it,” she<br />
said. Dawood believes there<br />
are advantages to marriage and<br />
education coexisting. If a female<br />
27
28<br />
has the support of her partner, it<br />
would encourage her throughout<br />
her education. If she faces any<br />
difficulties, she always has her<br />
partner to talk to. Marriage to her<br />
is inevitable and she doesn’t see<br />
why some girls choose to avoid it.<br />
She admitted that it is hard work,<br />
but to her it is all about priorities<br />
and in her opinion family comes<br />
first.<br />
The negative impact that marriage<br />
had on Dawood’s education mainly<br />
revolved around time management.<br />
She found it hard to give both her<br />
education and marriage an equal<br />
amount of time and attention.<br />
Being pregnant was also an<br />
obstacle since she had to take a<br />
year off from her studies and take<br />
care of her baby. After her year off,<br />
she went back to university even<br />
more determined, as her partner<br />
encouraged her to continue her<br />
studies. “Family is important and<br />
your husband is a part of that,<br />
you must always put your family<br />
first. If you had the chance to get<br />
married and everything felt right<br />
then there’s no reason to refuse,”<br />
she said.<br />
There are also females who are<br />
not completely against the idea<br />
of marriage during education,<br />
but only under certain conditions.<br />
Sana Sajwani, an Emirati student<br />
at UoWD, explains she would agree<br />
to a marriage proposal during her<br />
DWC Short Story Competition<br />
Winner:Shaima Yousuf Altannak<br />
education as long as it is only an<br />
engagement and not an actual<br />
wedding. She revealed that<br />
handling both marriage and<br />
education would be stressful for<br />
her; however, she does not see<br />
the harm in being engaged while<br />
studying.<br />
Looking at how life in the UAE<br />
was in the past, people could<br />
easily say that back then, every<br />
female’s priority was to get married,<br />
buy a house, and start a<br />
family. But now with the presence<br />
of various educational opportunities<br />
for young Emirati women, it is<br />
quite clear that the general perception<br />
of a woman’s role is no longer<br />
the same.<br />
DWC Library held a Short Story Competition for enrolled students to coincide with the Emirates Airline Festival<br />
in the “visiting Author’s Room” at the festival and the winner, Shaima yousuf Al Tanak, received the most votes<br />
from the visiting authors. Congratulations, Shaima.<br />
Hi. My name is Shaima Altannak. I am 20-year-old girl who enjoys creating something out of nothing. I am an<br />
optimistic person and an animal lover. This is my story.<br />
I am a girl with a lemon brain<br />
I am a girl with a lemon brain who squeezes her brain to get new thoughts like squeezing the lemon to get a delicious<br />
drink. When life makes me mad I add some ice in my lemon drink. I love to try something new like trying<br />
a lemon-kiwi juice. I add sugar in a sour juice exactly like adding positive thoughts in my problems. Finally I am<br />
a hopeful girl who is squeezing her lemon before falling from a tree and become a useless rotten lemon brain.
Marital problems. Maitha Al Haddad and Shaimaa Jamel/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
Women’s careers after marriage<br />
Maitha Al Haddad<br />
Whose choice is it?<br />
“I got divorced the same day of<br />
my wedding because I wanted to<br />
continue working after marriage,”<br />
said Hessa, in a sad tone.<br />
Hessa Mohammed, a 24-year-old<br />
government employee, insisted that<br />
her father mention her wish to<br />
continue working as one of the<br />
terms on her marriage certificate.<br />
Her husband Ahmed listed some<br />
conditions in his future wife. one<br />
of his conditions was for the future<br />
wife to be a housewife. Ahmed was<br />
disappointed by her decision to<br />
continue to work and decided<br />
to call off the wedding and divorce<br />
her on the same day.<br />
Emirati husbands prohibiting<br />
their wives from going to work<br />
is a common issue in the culture<br />
of the United Arab Emirates; most<br />
men ask their families to search<br />
for unemployed women to marry<br />
rather than employed. Also, in<br />
many cases, an Emirati man would<br />
ask his future spouse to stop<br />
working after marriage and if she<br />
did not agree to his terms, he would<br />
search for someone who is willing.<br />
This is an issue for educated<br />
29
30<br />
women, as most of them prefer<br />
working and depending on themselves<br />
rather than depending on<br />
their husbands. Some women try<br />
to convince their husbands to let<br />
them work by offering to support<br />
them financially or explaining that<br />
it would help to change their daily<br />
routines.<br />
Mariam Al Hammadi, a 21-yearold<br />
Emirati wife, voiced her opinion<br />
about her husband. “When I got<br />
married my husband put a list of<br />
conditions, one was not working.<br />
He believes since our financial<br />
situation is good and stable, there<br />
is no need for me to work.” Al<br />
Hammadi also added that her<br />
husband believes it is the man’s<br />
duty to financially support the<br />
family while the woman’s role is<br />
restricted to being a housewife.<br />
“My husband thinks that work is<br />
limited to men as part of our customs<br />
and traditions in the United<br />
Arab Emirates.”<br />
Basma Al Dahri, a mother of<br />
four and a government employee,<br />
explained her experience. “I wanted<br />
to support my husband and my<br />
children financially, so I asked my<br />
husband to allow me to work.<br />
However, I did not get any support<br />
from his side. He refused the idea<br />
for a couple of reasons; he was<br />
worried about our children staying<br />
at home while we were both away<br />
and also believed that a married<br />
woman’s career may lead to future<br />
family problems.”<br />
The UAE’s customs and traditions<br />
are some of the main factors that<br />
influence emirati men’s decisions.<br />
In the past, men bore the responsibility<br />
of supporting the family<br />
financially. However, recently,<br />
the Emirati society has started<br />
to support women to complete<br />
their education and go to work.<br />
According to the labor force survey<br />
published by the National Bureau<br />
in 2009, about 54 percent of<br />
Emirati employees were females<br />
of which around 55 percent were<br />
married. only about 22 percent of<br />
Emirati females were housewives.<br />
ACCoRDINg To THE<br />
LABoR FoRCE<br />
SURvEy PUBLISHED<br />
By THE NATIoNAL<br />
BUREAU IN 2009,<br />
ABoUT 54 PERCENT<br />
oF EMIRATI<br />
EMPLoyEES WERE<br />
FEMALES oF<br />
WHICH ARoUND<br />
55 PERCENT WERE<br />
MARRIED.<br />
Al Dahri believes women’s voices<br />
are strongly heard nowadays.<br />
“I convinced my husband of the<br />
importance of going to work<br />
and the positive impact of my<br />
participation in taking care of the<br />
family’s needs. He agreed to change<br />
his decision, but under the terms<br />
of dressing appropriately for work<br />
and balancing my duties at home<br />
as well.”<br />
Afra Abdullah, an employee at<br />
<strong>Dubai</strong> Police, believes men should<br />
share their responsibilities with<br />
their wives. “I consider my husband<br />
an open-minded person who supports<br />
my career. To him, a woman<br />
who has completed her education<br />
must work and put her education<br />
to good use at some point in her<br />
future. Maybe it’s because he<br />
studied in the United States for<br />
about ten years.”<br />
Abdullah categorizes the UAE’s<br />
society into three different<br />
categories. The first category<br />
includes people who support<br />
working females and consider<br />
them independent wives and<br />
mothers. The second category<br />
includes people who permit women<br />
to go to work under certain conditions<br />
such as working in an<br />
all-female office or a school. Finally,<br />
the third category includes families<br />
who believe that work is off-limits<br />
for a woman.<br />
Nowadays, women occupy high<br />
positions at the workplace and<br />
compete with men in all fields.<br />
Some seem to believe that this<br />
presents a threat to the man’s role<br />
in the society. A number of the<br />
cases that were presented to the<br />
Department of Reform at <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
Court revealed that some men<br />
believe working women do not<br />
respect their husbands.<br />
Ahmed Ibrahim, a father and a<br />
government employee, is of the<br />
opinion that men refuse to let<br />
their wives work for different<br />
reasons. “A married woman needs<br />
to be present full-time to take care<br />
of the house chores and duties. She<br />
also needs to always be available<br />
for her children and husband. Work<br />
also gives way for jealousy and<br />
suspicion in a marriage, which<br />
sometimes could lead to major<br />
marital problems.”<br />
Ibrahim only supports permitting<br />
a married woman to have a career<br />
in certain conditions. For instance,<br />
he sees that the family of a working<br />
mother should either be living in<br />
her parents’ house or the house of<br />
her in-laws in order for a relative to<br />
be present to take care of the house<br />
while she is away. “If the couple live
in an independent house, then the<br />
husband should absolutely refuse<br />
his wife’s career because she must<br />
devote her time to him and the<br />
children.”<br />
He also thinks that the financial<br />
situation of the family plays an<br />
important role in the husband’s<br />
decision. “If the man was well off,<br />
then his wife should stay at home<br />
and raise her children. But if the<br />
man’s salary was too low and he<br />
couldn’t support his family, then<br />
the wife could support him by<br />
working.”<br />
Bu Sultan, a government employee,<br />
seems to have a more biased point<br />
of view when it comes to supporting<br />
the family. “A married<br />
woman’s perfect place is to stay<br />
at home regardless of her education<br />
level or her husband’s financial<br />
situation.” However, he adds that<br />
women should consider taking<br />
jobs that are compatible with<br />
their gender such as teaching the<br />
holy quran, working in a nursery,<br />
or teaching women the basics of<br />
cooking. “But any job in the world<br />
is not a good enough substitute<br />
for a woman’s main job, which is<br />
staying at home and taking care<br />
of her children and her husband.”<br />
Bu Sultan also mentioned that<br />
religion and jealousy could both<br />
be reasons why men refuse to let<br />
their wives work. “For instance,<br />
we don’t let our wives in Al Ain<br />
drive a car. While the man is busy<br />
at work, he might often worry<br />
about who is going to take his<br />
wife to work,” he explained.<br />
According to Mohammed Abdulrahman,<br />
Director of Personal<br />
Cases Department at <strong>Dubai</strong> Courts,<br />
the percentage of men who support<br />
employed married women<br />
is at its highest. “It reached 90<br />
percent in recent years in <strong>Dubai</strong>.”<br />
However, since divorce rates in<br />
the Emirates are also on the rise,<br />
there could be a possible connection<br />
between the two issues.<br />
Abdulrahman seems to also<br />
believe that there is a connection<br />
between the two as he mentioned<br />
that some divorce cases were the<br />
result of the husband agreeing to<br />
let the wife work, but changing<br />
his mind afterwards. This is why<br />
the government is taking preventive<br />
measures to decrease divorce<br />
rates in the country. “Recently,<br />
the role of educational and social<br />
institutions has been to rehabilitate<br />
young people for marriage and<br />
practical life and to help avoid<br />
divorce and imbalance between<br />
couples in the UAE,” said<br />
Mohammed.<br />
The issue of married women<br />
being prohibited to work is a<br />
problem in the entire gulf region<br />
and not just the UAE. The gulf<br />
region shares similar customs and<br />
traditions that make the career of<br />
a married woman a controversial<br />
subject. For instance, in Saudi<br />
Arabia most men believe that<br />
women should not be involved<br />
in the workforce regardless of<br />
their martial status because of<br />
Islamic laws.<br />
A study carried out in Saudi<br />
Arabia in 2008 showed that 40<br />
percent of Saudi men supported<br />
women working after marriage in<br />
social and education fields, while<br />
on the other hand, 53 percent<br />
refused to let their wives work.<br />
Seventy percent of them did not<br />
allow it because they claimed it<br />
would affect the wife’s ability to<br />
raise her children and take care of<br />
household duties, and another 12<br />
percent claimed the main reason<br />
was traditions.<br />
qassaam Mahmood, a married<br />
Saudi man, personally does not<br />
like the idea of women going to<br />
work to pass their free time and<br />
thinks that it is necessary to make<br />
sure that the job does not affect<br />
the family negatively. “The house<br />
needs a great captain to take<br />
responsibility and the woman<br />
is made for that. I think that<br />
children are the most important<br />
part of a woman’s life, ” he said.<br />
In kuwait, however, people seem<br />
to be more open-minded when it<br />
comes to working mothers and<br />
wives. Talal Al qahtani, a married<br />
kuwaiti man, explains that even<br />
though most kuwaiti families are<br />
well off, women do not seem to<br />
face any resistance from their<br />
husbands and do not mind working<br />
for low salaries. “Because kuwaiti<br />
women are very much interested<br />
in fashion trends, they feel the need<br />
to work and support themselves<br />
financially and fulfill their requirements<br />
independently. Also,<br />
some women choose to work as<br />
an excuse to leave the house and<br />
meet new people,” said Al qahtani.<br />
31
32<br />
When marriage becomes<br />
a business plan<br />
Asma Obaid<br />
People get married for many reasons. Sometimes it is a business agreement.<br />
Using marriage for benefits. asma Obaid/HCt-<strong>Dubai</strong>, women’s Campus
In 2011, the number of marriages<br />
between Emiratis and foreigners<br />
increased greatly from 2010. The<br />
number of marriages among Emiratis<br />
was 104 000 contracts; 762<br />
of them were between Emiratis<br />
only, whereas 342 marriages were<br />
between Emirati men and foreign<br />
women.<br />
There are many reasons to why<br />
UAE citizens choose to marry<br />
foreign women. Some people<br />
believe it is the lower cost while<br />
others believe it is because the<br />
younger generation of Emiratis<br />
is very much influenced by the<br />
West. Nevertheless, there is a<br />
new phenomenon appearing in<br />
the UAE, which encourages young<br />
men to marry foreign women;<br />
trade marriage.<br />
A trade marriage occurs when a<br />
couple agrees to marry for mutual<br />
benefits even though they do not<br />
know each other; the benefits differ<br />
depending on the needs and the<br />
country they are in. For instance,<br />
a foreign woman could ask a<br />
local man to marry her and pay<br />
him a certain amount of money in<br />
exchange for gaining the country’s<br />
citizenship. The couple in a trade<br />
marriage does not share a real<br />
marriage relationship and may<br />
not even live under the same<br />
roof; it is more like a business<br />
arrangement.<br />
The amount of money paid ranges<br />
between 10,000 – 20,000 dirhams<br />
or more. “I knew a foreign girl<br />
who was living in the Uae. at first,<br />
she was just a friend, but then she<br />
asked me to marry her and offered<br />
me 10,000 dirhams in exchange for<br />
her to stay in the country; we are<br />
married, but we don’t know anything<br />
about each other,” said yahya,<br />
an Emirati. Men consider this an<br />
effortless source of income.<br />
“SHE ASkED ME<br />
To MARRy HER<br />
AND oFFERED ME<br />
10,000 DIRHAMS<br />
IN ExCHANgE FoR<br />
HER To STAy IN<br />
THE CoUNTRy; WE<br />
ARE MARRIED, BUT<br />
WE DoN’T kNoW<br />
ANyTHINg ABoUT<br />
EACH oTHER,”<br />
The police are trying to develop<br />
solutions in order to stop the<br />
issue of trade marriage before it<br />
becomes an uncontrollable problem<br />
that threatens the safety and<br />
security of the country. <strong>Dubai</strong> Police<br />
stated it is difficult to detect such<br />
marriages as they are documented<br />
legally in the court just as any other<br />
normal marriage. However, they<br />
also affirmed that they have their<br />
own methods to investigate such<br />
cases through confidential sources.<br />
The police have arrested a number<br />
of couples involved in trade marriages.<br />
They banned the wife from<br />
entering the country again and had<br />
the husband go to court.<br />
The general Directorate of Residency<br />
allows the wife to obtain a<br />
residency visa under the custody<br />
of the husband whether the<br />
couples were local or expatriates<br />
as long as the husband is providing<br />
a house and salary of at least<br />
20 thousand dirhams, along with<br />
other conditions that are imposed<br />
by the administration.<br />
young expat men may also accept<br />
trade marriages in order to have a<br />
place to live and avoid the government’s<br />
rules. Therefore, because<br />
single men are not allowed to live<br />
in a neighborhood that is specified<br />
for families only, they might sign<br />
a marriage contract with a random<br />
woman in order to qualify to live<br />
in a family-only neighborhood.<br />
“I was living in an apartment in<br />
Sharjah for a long time and it was<br />
very comfortable. After the mu-<br />
nicipality asked me to evacuate the<br />
apartment because the building<br />
was for families only, I married<br />
a girl I didn’t know and in return I<br />
paid her AED 900 just so I could stay<br />
in the apartment,” confessed A.S.<br />
Just as A.S had to pay the woman<br />
to remain in his building, many<br />
others do the same to solve their<br />
issues. Another issue occurred<br />
with a foreign man who had a<br />
maid with no residency; he convinced<br />
his local friend to marry<br />
the maid in order for her to get<br />
legal residence and not lose her job.<br />
“Citizens who have agreed to this<br />
type of marriage don’t know or<br />
think of the consequences; many<br />
of the unknown partner may be<br />
working illegally in the country<br />
and it’s very dangerous,” says Um<br />
Jasim, a social worker. Marriage<br />
was created for two people to build<br />
a family, have children and share<br />
love and affection. Its goal is to<br />
achieve social stability and safety.<br />
33
34 EDUCATION<br />
DWC High School<br />
Rehab Al Suwaidi<br />
the DwC High school is one of three hybrid education schools in the world. Fatima al Ghafli/HCt-<strong>Dubai</strong>, women’s Campus marketing<br />
Styles of education are almost the same in every city of the UAE. DWC High School<br />
asthonishes the UAE by introducing hybrid education!<br />
Parents often wonder which<br />
school is the most suitable for<br />
their children; what school will<br />
be the best choice? Is it going to<br />
provide good education that will<br />
support students in the future<br />
or will they suffer from language<br />
problems and continue to struggle<br />
throughout their careers?<br />
“I moved my daughter to two<br />
different schools while she was<br />
in the seventh grade in an attempt<br />
to find a school with high qualifications<br />
that would prepare her<br />
for university. I’ve seen lots of<br />
students struggling to pass the<br />
Ielts during their first year at<br />
university because of their weak<br />
English language skills,” said Zainab,<br />
parent of a high school student.<br />
In order to have more high school<br />
graduates who are prepared for<br />
the instruction level of university,<br />
<strong>Dubai</strong> Women’s <strong>College</strong> teamed<br />
up with k12 Middle East to launch<br />
a hybrid high school on the college<br />
campus. DWC High School is<br />
expected to open its doors<br />
in September 2012 with 60<br />
students from grades 9 to 12.<br />
DWC High School is the second<br />
high school to be established on<br />
a university campus following
the School of george Washington<br />
University in the United States. It<br />
is also one of only three schools<br />
in the world that provide hybrid<br />
education.<br />
Hybrid education is a virtual<br />
learning system in which instructors<br />
teach the students online<br />
most of the time; classes with<br />
face-to-face interaction take<br />
place occasionally. “Their college<br />
foundation year will be completed<br />
while they are still in highschool,”<br />
said Jeffrey Herr, head of k12<br />
Middle East and principal of DWC<br />
High School. one of the important<br />
goals of this school is to prepare<br />
students to be completely qualified<br />
for a certain major without having<br />
to take additional foundation<br />
courses. “We expect the students<br />
to be far above the entry level of<br />
IELTS and SAT by the time they<br />
graduate,” Herr adds.<br />
The DWC school curriculum is<br />
designed to be advanced and to<br />
provide a language course in the<br />
summer before the school year<br />
starts. In addition, what makes<br />
this school unique is that the students<br />
are going to be taught and<br />
assisted individually according<br />
to their levels. “The students will<br />
have to take a test before they are<br />
admitted to the school in order<br />
for us to have an idea about their<br />
educational level and a mastery<br />
online program will be prepared<br />
for each student accordingly.”<br />
He also mentioned that mentors<br />
will always be present in the<br />
classroom even during an online<br />
tutoring session.<br />
“We’ve compared tuition fees<br />
of different private schools in<br />
the region and chose a fee that<br />
is average; partial scholarships<br />
that reduce tuition costs are also<br />
offered,” he clarified.<br />
“I transferred my daughter from<br />
a private school to a government<br />
school as she faced difficulties<br />
passing her English course due<br />
to her weak English writing<br />
skills. She was very good at<br />
speaking English though,” said<br />
Laila, a mother of a high schooler.<br />
“I’m sure she will need to be<br />
placed in a foundation year if she<br />
goes to DWC or Zayed University,<br />
otherwise, she’ll have to go to an<br />
Arabic based university like the<br />
Islamic Studies <strong>College</strong>.”<br />
IT IS ALSo oNE<br />
oF oNLy THREE<br />
SCHooLS IN THE<br />
WoRLD THAT<br />
PRovIDE HyBRID<br />
EDUCATIoN.<br />
Shaima, an Emirati gynecologist<br />
who attended a government<br />
school, wishes this option was<br />
available during her school years.<br />
“when I first heard about DwC<br />
High School, I wished to have had<br />
the opportunity of joining when<br />
I was young. Back when I was<br />
in high school I got high grades<br />
in English; however, when I went<br />
to college to study medicine,<br />
I had to take additional English<br />
courses because my English<br />
language wasn’t good enough.”<br />
For Arabic and Islamic curriculums<br />
that meet government standards,<br />
Herr explained that the new High<br />
school plans to hire qualified in-<br />
structors who are capable of using<br />
advanced technology+ to teach<br />
Arabic and Islamic subjects online.<br />
Despite the advantages the DWC<br />
High School promises, some<br />
parents are concerned about<br />
having their children study on<br />
a college campus because they<br />
believe it might affect their<br />
children negatively and introduce<br />
<strong>College</strong> students behavior that<br />
that does not match the age of<br />
their daughters. Fatima Ahmad,<br />
mother of a teenage student,<br />
said, “Many college students have<br />
boyfriends and wear skinny jeans<br />
at college, which are things I don’t<br />
want my daughter to be doing<br />
when she makes new friends<br />
at school.”<br />
Addressing parents’ concerns,<br />
Herr explained that the high<br />
school students will be going<br />
to the cafeteria, library and gym<br />
with mentors and that they will<br />
have their own specified areas.<br />
“We want to respect the country’s<br />
culture, which is why we chose<br />
to take certain measures to make<br />
sure that the students are in a<br />
safe environment. Some of the<br />
high school’s classes will take<br />
place with college students to<br />
help them with their educational<br />
development, but there will always<br />
be mentors present.”<br />
With the opening of the DWC<br />
High School, transfer students<br />
from government schools are<br />
going to have new opportunities<br />
and extra-curricular activities<br />
such as camps, educational clubs,<br />
theater and other after-school<br />
activities that will greatly improve<br />
their leadership and social skills.<br />
35
36<br />
Educating maids<br />
Maitha Hamdan<br />
Recipe. Mohammed Al Marri/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
Maids’ rights; whose responsibility is it?<br />
“It was late at night; everyone at<br />
home was sleeping including the<br />
maids. He knocked on my door<br />
many times asking me to make him<br />
coffee and I had no choice but to<br />
listen to him. I felt something wasn’t<br />
right when he started touching me<br />
and I tried to move away and shout<br />
for help, but no one was awake to<br />
hear me. He then raped me twice<br />
and threatened me to make sure<br />
I wouldn’t tell anyone.” tells a<br />
20-year-old maid from the Philippines<br />
who was sexually abused<br />
by her employer’s driver.<br />
Many women come to the UAE to<br />
work as maids, with the hope of<br />
better opportunities and solutions<br />
to their problems. Unfortunately,<br />
most of them are not aware of the
importance of learning their rights<br />
before they arrive to the country.<br />
A survey of 86 maids showed that<br />
85 percent of them were not aware<br />
of what to do in the case of being<br />
sexually harassed. Fifteen percent<br />
said they would turn to their<br />
employers for help if they were<br />
abused by anyone.<br />
The general Directorate of Residency<br />
and Foreigners Affairs<br />
published an official contract, which<br />
showed both the servant’s and<br />
employer’s rights and duties<br />
towards each other; these contracts<br />
regulate the relationship on both<br />
sides to guarantee their rights. In<br />
addition, the UAE offers full health<br />
care to all servants to make sure<br />
they remain fit throughout their job.<br />
galila, a 19-year-old maid from<br />
Ethiopia, worked for a foreign<br />
family in kuwait for two years. She<br />
had been sexually abused by her<br />
employer and had no idea how to<br />
react or who to tell. “one day, he<br />
came back home early and I was<br />
home alone. His wife was at work<br />
at the time and he came to me and<br />
started touching me; I ran away to<br />
my room and locked the door until<br />
his wife came home,” galila stated.<br />
She also added that the situation<br />
occurred repeatedly until he got the<br />
chance to finally rape her and her<br />
only solution was to run away.<br />
“When I locked the door, all I could<br />
think of was my family and how to<br />
protect myself. I thought of telling<br />
my boss’s wife about it, but I was<br />
afraid I would lose my job.”<br />
There are other similar stories<br />
of maids who were physically<br />
and sexually abused. Most of them<br />
had no idea how to deal with the<br />
situation as they had no access to<br />
social services or any other help.<br />
A SURvEy oF 86<br />
MAIDS SHoWED<br />
THAT 85 PERCENT<br />
oF THEM WERE<br />
NoT AWARE oF<br />
WHAT To Do IN<br />
THE CASE oF<br />
BEINg SExUALLy<br />
HARASSED.<br />
FIFTEEN PERCENT<br />
SAID THEy WoULD<br />
TURN To THEIR<br />
EMPLoyERS FoR<br />
HELP IF THEy<br />
WERE ABUSED<br />
By ANyoNE.<br />
Maid recruitment agencies are<br />
typically where the servants meet<br />
their employers. However, most<br />
agencies in the country focus<br />
mainly on bringing maids from<br />
abroad and promising them good<br />
payment without informing them<br />
of the safety measures. “In the<br />
beginning, we clarify to the client<br />
the maid’s salary amount and<br />
after the agreement is settled, we<br />
notify the maid about the salary<br />
proposal,” A <strong>Dubai</strong>-based agency<br />
employee said. A maid from a local<br />
agency confirmed. “the only thing<br />
they told me was that I was going to<br />
get paid 700 AED every month.” She<br />
also added that she did not inquire<br />
about anything else because it was<br />
her first job and her only concern<br />
was the salary.<br />
Another survey showed that 69<br />
percent of the agencies bring maids<br />
and do not educate them about<br />
their rights. Thus, the majority of<br />
maids do not know what awaits<br />
them. “If I had an idea about how<br />
to protect myself, I wouldn’t<br />
have been in that situation,” said<br />
Eva, a 23-year-old maid from the<br />
Philippines. An Ethiopian maid<br />
who worked with Eva at the same<br />
house, used to physically abuse her<br />
and even tried to kill her. “She tried<br />
to kill me many times until my boss<br />
finally fired her,” eva added. If eva<br />
had been informed about how to<br />
respond and had access to social<br />
services, she would not have stayed<br />
quiet about the situation.<br />
In addition to educating maids,<br />
employers need to realize that<br />
holidays, healthcare, and travel<br />
tickets are all part of the maids’<br />
rights and that they are obliged to<br />
provide them. The general Directorate<br />
of Residency and Foreigners<br />
Affairs provides these rights for<br />
maids, but the agencies typically<br />
fail to inform them.<br />
37
38 HEALTH<br />
Children growing up with violence<br />
Mariam Al Nuaimi<br />
“Every child has the right to<br />
grow up safe from harm and<br />
should feel that those they love<br />
are also protected. violence at<br />
home shatters a child’s basic<br />
right to feel safe and secure in<br />
the world. Children need the<br />
violence to stop,” Behind Closed<br />
Doors: The Impacy of Domestic<br />
violance on Children, a report<br />
developed by UNICEF.<br />
Mom<br />
A devastated child. Mariam Al Nuaimi/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
Dad<br />
A young child witnesses his father abusing his mother. He grows up to become just like<br />
his father and the cycle continues!<br />
A home for a child is their world;<br />
they see it as their safe place,<br />
their school, their playground<br />
and most importantly it is where<br />
their personality and character<br />
are formed.<br />
Although most parents may<br />
think that a newborn or a toddler<br />
does not understand much<br />
of what happens around them,<br />
children do pick up on emotions<br />
and are startled by loud voices.<br />
“A child is born with one fear,<br />
fear of loud voices. Research<br />
has proven that if a mother was<br />
working in a loud environment<br />
while pregnant, the baby would<br />
suffer and be stressed,” stated<br />
Dr. R. McCarthy, a clinical<br />
psychologist with a Ph.D. in<br />
counseling and development.
Children who witness or are exposed<br />
to violence at home suffer<br />
many challenges in their lives as<br />
adults. Dr. Saliha Afridi, a family<br />
and child psychologist, explains<br />
“children become quite hypervigilant<br />
from parental fighting.<br />
Parents should be aware that<br />
whether it’s verbal hostility or<br />
aggressiveness, children pick up<br />
on the negative wavelengths of<br />
their parents.”<br />
Studies have proven that children<br />
who witness violence of any kind<br />
are most likely to be affected by<br />
it as adults either as victims or<br />
they may inflict the same violence<br />
in their relationships. A UNICEF<br />
study finds that “as many as 275<br />
million children worldwide are<br />
exposed to violence in the homes.”<br />
However, it is believed the number<br />
is much higher than that as many<br />
countries do not have data.<br />
UNICEF believes millions more<br />
are affected by violence in their<br />
homes.<br />
Children’s brains during the<br />
early development years are<br />
typically “becoming ‘hard-wired’<br />
for later physical and emotional<br />
functioning.” violence at homes<br />
harms this development as<br />
seen in Buthaina Mohammed, a<br />
21-year-old Emirati student and<br />
mother of two young daughters,<br />
5-year-old Alia and 18-monthold<br />
Maria. Mohammed is one of<br />
the few parents who decided to<br />
turn her childhood trauma into<br />
a positive lesson on how to raise<br />
her children, despite the fact<br />
that studies have proven most<br />
children follow their parents’<br />
steps.<br />
“I remember my mother and<br />
father always fought even though<br />
I was very young. one day my<br />
father slapped my mother and I<br />
was so shocked, it affected my<br />
speech development. I didn’t<br />
start talking until I was 5 years<br />
old and that was after my mother<br />
and aunt took me to see a child<br />
psychologist,” Mohammed says.<br />
She says her childhood experience<br />
has made her a better parent.<br />
“I have learned to avoid fighting<br />
in front of my kids because I<br />
know how it feels as a child<br />
and I recall the fear that I felt.<br />
Parents should learn how to<br />
provide their kids with a healthy<br />
environment and try to be good<br />
examples.”<br />
“THESE CHILDREN<br />
gRoW UP WITH<br />
LACk oF SELF<br />
CoNFIDENCE AND<br />
SoME LIE AND<br />
STEAL.<br />
IT’S THE WAy<br />
THEy PRoTECT<br />
THEMSELvES.”<br />
Many of the emotional traumas<br />
start to show when individuals<br />
enter their teenage years and<br />
adulthood; this is when most people’s<br />
personalities and characters<br />
start to form. As they grow up,<br />
they may become bullies or isolate<br />
themselves from the rest of the<br />
world. “These children grow up<br />
with lack of confidence and some<br />
lie and steal. It’s the way they<br />
protect themselves,” notes Arwa<br />
Saif, a counselor at Al Ittihad<br />
Private School. Also, a study in<br />
Australia has shown that “up to<br />
40 percent of chronically violent<br />
teenagers have been exposed<br />
to extreme domestic violence,”<br />
(UNICEF).<br />
Teenagers who come from<br />
violent homes face serious<br />
emotional and social damage. The<br />
feeling of social isolation and the<br />
inability to make friends has been<br />
noted to add to the social discomfort<br />
and confusion that these kids<br />
feel. “It affects their attitudes, they<br />
become aggressive and withdrawn.<br />
When they are older they need<br />
therapy; some leave home and<br />
don’t want to come back,” affirms<br />
Dr. McCarthy.<br />
Many studies show that these<br />
children are more likely to be<br />
involved in fights at school and in<br />
public. “When we see our students<br />
misbehave at school, we try<br />
to bring them out of these habits<br />
and build their confidence by<br />
integrating them into projects that<br />
require them to be leaders,” says<br />
Saif. She explains that the goal<br />
of this method of teaching is to<br />
help them learn how to stand up<br />
for themselves and take charge<br />
ensuring that by the time they<br />
graduate they are confident young<br />
people who areable to socialize<br />
with others.<br />
“They turn out wounded, they<br />
might be successful academically<br />
and in their careers, but relationship-wise<br />
they are wounded. They<br />
can be successful in different areas<br />
of life, but emotionally they are<br />
wounded. They either become<br />
like their parents or become<br />
the other extreme and try to<br />
save someone else who in their<br />
eyes needs to be saved. They like<br />
to rescue people,” Dr. McCarthy<br />
remarked.<br />
39
40<br />
Living healthy<br />
Sahar Al Khatib<br />
People complain of diseases and health problems constantly whether they are 15 or 50.<br />
Don’t they know that healthy living is the real fountain of youth?<br />
Healthy breakfast. Sahar Al khatib/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus
good health is significant to our<br />
daily lives because of its beneficial<br />
outcomes. It can be achieved<br />
through proper diet plans and<br />
physical workout. Health is the<br />
state of functional and metabolic<br />
efficiency of a person in which<br />
the mind, body, and spirit are<br />
free from physical, emotional,<br />
or mental disorders.<br />
Diets consist of a specific quality<br />
and quantity of food that should<br />
be consumed adhering to a regular<br />
routine. “of course diets are not<br />
suitable for individuals under 18<br />
years of age because they cause<br />
side effects, as during these years<br />
they are going through hormonal<br />
changes. Some of the adverse<br />
effects include the increase of<br />
micronutrients, body minerals,<br />
and lowering the Iq,” said Dr.<br />
Wafa Ayesh, Director of Clinical<br />
Nutrition DHA. Such individuals<br />
should follow a healthy lifestyle<br />
and professional advice.<br />
For adults, diets are highly recommended<br />
in order to balance<br />
daily body requirements. Diets<br />
can be classified into two forms:<br />
therapeutic and non-therapeutic<br />
diets.<br />
Because of the complexity involved<br />
in choosing diets, the Ministry<br />
of Health has instituted the<br />
following measures as explained<br />
by Dr. Ayesh. “The Ministry of<br />
Health has initiated awareness<br />
campaigns in schools and health<br />
institutions about healthy living.<br />
Pregnant women at Rashid<br />
Hospital are educated about pre<br />
and post pregnancy and child<br />
healthcare.” Mothers are asked<br />
to be role models to their children,<br />
especially in the selection<br />
of food. “Mothers are encouraged<br />
to include vegetables in daily<br />
meals because they contain<br />
essential vitamins. Junkfood like<br />
colored foods, lollipops and all<br />
types of candy should be avoided<br />
and their consumption should be<br />
regulated because they have no<br />
nutritional value to the body and<br />
cause several disorders.”<br />
FoR ADULTS , THE<br />
BEST ExERCISE<br />
SHoULD BE THEIR<br />
FAvoRITE SPoRTS<br />
ACTIvITy BECAUSE<br />
THEy WILL Do IT<br />
WITH PASSIoN AND<br />
CoNSISTENCy<br />
Exercise is a physical activity<br />
that is planned, structured, and<br />
follows a routine with the aim<br />
of enhancing different parts of<br />
the human body. It also improves<br />
health, maintains fitness, and<br />
acts as a physical rehabilitation.<br />
The best exercises for kids<br />
include park activities like rope<br />
skipping, ball games and swimming<br />
during summer. Children<br />
should not be involved in any<br />
gym activities because they are<br />
strenuous and could damage<br />
their muscle tissues. For adults,<br />
the best exercise should be their<br />
favorite sports activity because<br />
they will do it with passion and<br />
consistency.<br />
exercising is beneficial to everyone<br />
in several ways. The most<br />
notable ones include control of<br />
body weight, enhancing energy<br />
levels, improvement of mood, and<br />
regulation of heart conditions<br />
and diseases. In addition, exercise<br />
promotes better sleep, improves<br />
sex life and can also be a fun<br />
activity. For maximum efficiency,<br />
60 minutes of exercise everyday<br />
is encouraged and the best timings<br />
are 30 minutes between 8 am to<br />
10 am and 30 minutes between 8<br />
pm to 10 pm at least three times<br />
a week. In addition to these steps,<br />
adequate water intake should be<br />
encouraged to avoid dehydration,<br />
depending on the weight of<br />
a person; 35 milliliters of water<br />
per 1 kilogram of weight.<br />
A healthy diet plan and regular<br />
exercise together keep the body<br />
in good physical condition for<br />
a healthy future.<br />
41
42<br />
Steroids and the youth<br />
Abdulla Al Shaiba<br />
Steroids and amino acids. Abdulla Al Shaiba/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
Taking steroids to enhance physical appearance is another destructive trend among<br />
the youth.<br />
It seems that physical appearance<br />
matters more than health.<br />
Teenagers are increasingly taking<br />
steroids to change the physical<br />
appearance of their bodies with<br />
quick results and without learning<br />
about risks.<br />
A steroid is an organic compound<br />
that contains cycloalkane rings,<br />
which are connected to each<br />
other. There are three types of<br />
steroids: anabolic, androgenic,<br />
and cortico. These three are subdivided<br />
into other types of steroids.<br />
The anabolic steroid, which is the<br />
most commonly used steroid,<br />
is derived from the testosterone<br />
hormone and helps develop<br />
protein cells in the muscles.<br />
Androgenic steroids contain<br />
testosterone, which helps in<br />
building a masculine shape, while<br />
cortico steroids are inflammatory<br />
in nature and are used for several<br />
purposes such as the treatment<br />
of allergies, asthma, kidney<br />
problems, and eczema.<br />
Steroids are mostly consumed
y young males to enhance their<br />
physical appearance. With their<br />
global widespread use and in-<br />
creased popularity comes a mostly<br />
ignored the fact that steroids can<br />
be extremely dangerous when used<br />
without approval from a health<br />
professional.<br />
There are many disorders associated<br />
with the consumption of<br />
steroids such as liver problems,<br />
cancer, and kidney failure. Steroids<br />
are also harmful for the cardiovascular<br />
system of the human<br />
body and may result in internal<br />
bleeding in some cases. They<br />
also cause hormonal imbalances<br />
and could cause psychological<br />
problems.<br />
The major side effects of androgen<br />
steroids for men include blood<br />
clotting, difficulty in urinating,<br />
male pattern balding, decreased<br />
sperm production, impotence,<br />
hypertension, high cholesterol,<br />
heart attack, risk of kidney disease,<br />
and mental disorders. It also causes<br />
health problems among women<br />
like enlargement of the clitoris,<br />
loss of body curves, deepening<br />
of the voice, menstrual problems,<br />
and irreversible pattern baldness.<br />
Due to the extreme side effects<br />
of steroids, young people need<br />
to be aware of the risks and dangers<br />
to their bodies. This can be done<br />
by parents, doctors, and most<br />
importantly, gym instructors in<br />
order to ensure young people’s<br />
wellbeing and safety. The youth<br />
also need to understand that<br />
steroids do not make them more<br />
successful athletes as it is considered<br />
cheating and an unethical<br />
way of developing the body.<br />
Bodybuilding is an exercise that<br />
helps muscle growth; however, it<br />
has now become a form of compe-<br />
tition. Since bodybuilding requires<br />
hardcore exercise, muscular<br />
contraction and muscular sculpting,<br />
many people feel the need to use<br />
steroids for advanced results. It<br />
is difficult to judge, in most cases,<br />
whether the body builder is truly<br />
a natural builder or not.<br />
“ALTHoUgH I kNoW<br />
THAT oNE DAy<br />
SoMETHINg WILL<br />
EvENTUALLy go<br />
WRoNg, I CAN’T<br />
SToP. STERoIDS<br />
To ME ARE LIkE<br />
CIgARETTES To A<br />
SMokER; I SIMPLy<br />
CAN’T qUIT.”<br />
Ahmed, a coach and a gym owner,<br />
revealed his experience with<br />
steroids. He participated in sports<br />
competitions in the 90’s and was<br />
doping at least three months before<br />
each tournament. Although he<br />
used steroids for a short period,<br />
it had a huge impact on his health.<br />
“During the mid 90’s we started<br />
seeing attractive body shapes in<br />
Hollywood movies like Arnold<br />
Schwarzenegger who won the title<br />
of Mr. olympia at that time. I was<br />
going to the gym and training for<br />
months without any results, until<br />
later, a student arrived from the<br />
States and told us his secret; steroids.<br />
I started taking them without<br />
instructions until I suffered<br />
a serious injury in 2001, which<br />
stopped me from working out for<br />
a year and a half. During my time<br />
off from bodybuilding, I started<br />
experiencing sharp pain in my<br />
back, which worsened each day.<br />
I finally went to the hospital and<br />
received the shocking news that<br />
I had kidney disease. I couldn’t<br />
believe what I was told because<br />
my food and lifestyle were always<br />
healthy. That was when I decided<br />
to stop taking steroids and thankfully<br />
my condition has improved.”<br />
Another example is Nasser, a 25-<br />
year-old bodybuilder, who joined<br />
the gym two years ago and currently<br />
has huge biceps and a buff<br />
chest. “I only take proteins and<br />
amino pills,” Nasser said jokingly.<br />
“After a full year of exercise, I didn’t<br />
notice any development in my body.<br />
on the other hand, my friend who<br />
had recently joined the gym experienced<br />
improvements in his<br />
figure. I asked my coach about the<br />
reason and he answered with one<br />
word, ‘steroids.’ at first, I abstained,<br />
but with time, the guys at the gym<br />
started recommending pills and<br />
proteins. I finally stopped protesting<br />
when they told me that I was<br />
going to spend the rest of my life<br />
training without any improvement.<br />
Reading about the risk factors of<br />
steroids did not stop me; the first<br />
two months I started to notice acne<br />
on my body and a rapid heart rate.”<br />
Nasser also explained that he<br />
knows his decision will affect his<br />
health in the future, but claims<br />
to be happy for the time being.<br />
“Although I know that one day<br />
something will eventually go<br />
wrong, I can’t stop. Steroids to<br />
me are like cigarettes to a smoker;<br />
I simply can’t quit.”<br />
43
44 CAREER<br />
Cleaning tools used at home. khulood Mohamed/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
ONE-DAY DIARY:<br />
Would you switch roles with your housekeeper?<br />
Khulood Mohamed<br />
Dear Diary,<br />
Today I’m going through a new<br />
experience as a young Emirati<br />
woman. I’m wondering about the<br />
tasks that I’ll be fulfilling. I have<br />
seen Rowena working for nine<br />
years; she became a member<br />
of our family.<br />
The Text Message “Tuesday night’<br />
It all began when I texted Rowena<br />
asking her to write down her duties<br />
as a housekeeper for Wednesday,<br />
which are going be my duties for<br />
that day.<br />
“Hello Rowena, could you please<br />
write down your duties for
tomorrow? I wish you a lovely<br />
day off. good night.”<br />
Wednesday morning: “B+”<br />
I woke up around 6:35 AM and<br />
went to our yard holding the<br />
broom. The smell of the trees was<br />
filling the air with the sounds<br />
of chirping birds in the atmosphere.<br />
But all that disappeared<br />
as soon as the sunrise began and<br />
all I could think of was when was<br />
I going to finish the task. It’s a task<br />
I have never done before; I mean<br />
can you believe it?<br />
While I’m cleaning the yard, all<br />
the tiredness started to show up<br />
and I knew my cheeks were starting<br />
to get red. Suddenly, a positive idea<br />
came to mind, which was “I might<br />
get a tan today!”<br />
Around 45 minutes passed and<br />
I was finally done with the first<br />
task. So I went to the kitchen and<br />
had a refreshing glass of cold water<br />
with ice, which gave me just the<br />
prefect feeling of victory after<br />
accomplishing my first duty.<br />
However, I noticed while I was<br />
cleaning that many thoughts were<br />
crossing my mind and things<br />
started mixing up through my<br />
brain, like some issues I was<br />
worried about. “Does this happen<br />
to Rowena everyday? I don’t know,<br />
but I’m sure she thinks of something<br />
because the place is too quiet<br />
and it makes you think and wonder<br />
about so many things,” I thought<br />
to myself.<br />
The Turkish coffee queen<br />
Now I was going to start my second<br />
task; I knocked on all the doors to<br />
wake the “princesses” up for their<br />
work. “Wake up,” I kept saying in<br />
each room more than three times<br />
and thought to myself, “How many<br />
times does Rowena usually do<br />
this?” It was extremely boring!<br />
I thought that the task of waking<br />
everyone up was going to be easy,<br />
but after the “queen and her<br />
daughters” woke up they surprised<br />
me with unexpected orders.<br />
AFTER My DAy oF<br />
HARD WoRk AT<br />
HoME, I BELIEvE<br />
EvERyoNE SHoULD<br />
WoRk oN HoUSE<br />
CHoRES AS A<br />
FAMILy AND A TEAM<br />
AND AT LEAST<br />
APPRECIATE THE<br />
HoUSEkEEPERS’<br />
RoLE.<br />
“khulood, is my Turkish coffee<br />
ready?” the queen asked.<br />
“Turkish coffee? No!” I answered,<br />
and immediately went to take<br />
a quick look at Rowena’s duties<br />
list, but Turkish coffee was not<br />
included.<br />
They kept on yelling, “khulood,<br />
get my shoes from upstairs!”<br />
“khulood, I forgot my laptop, bring<br />
it!” I kept thinking, “Seriously!<br />
That’s annoying.” However, I had<br />
to do it.<br />
I went to the kitchen and made<br />
the Turkish coffee the same way<br />
I make Arabic coffee, but un-<br />
fortunately the queen did not like<br />
it! “That’s not Turkish coffee, I can<br />
tell from the taste.” So, we went<br />
back to the kitchen where I was<br />
taught how to make that famous<br />
Turkish coffee.<br />
Time was passing slowly; it was<br />
only 8:25 am. According to the<br />
list, it was time to prepare breakfast,<br />
and even though the eldest<br />
princess didn’t usually eat breakfast,<br />
she took advantage of seeing<br />
me working instead of Rowena and<br />
insisted on breakfast that day.<br />
And yes,I had to accept any and<br />
all orders.<br />
She asked me with a smirk on<br />
her face: “What did you make for<br />
breakfast?”<br />
“Cornflakes with fresh milk,”<br />
I answered.<br />
“That’s good, I’m leaving now,<br />
goodbye,” she said.<br />
I knew that she was just making<br />
sure I prepared something for<br />
her and for a moment I felt like<br />
“Cinderella” with her evil stepsister!<br />
Cinderella is cleaning!<br />
Two main tasks were achieved with<br />
many unexpected orders. My third<br />
task was to clean the area upstairs,<br />
which consisted of four bedrooms<br />
and one living room. At 9:30 am,<br />
I started with the living room. While<br />
cleaning the rooms, I wondered:<br />
“Why couldn’t she return the towel<br />
to its place in the bathroom?”or<br />
“Is it so hard to pick up that empty<br />
cup of tea and return it to the<br />
kitchen?” The simplest and smallest<br />
details were annoying me. Also,<br />
cleaning the bathrooms was really<br />
difficult. I emptied the trash and<br />
disinfected the toilets and bathtubs,<br />
which was very tiring. I success-<br />
45
46<br />
fully cleaned all rooms except for<br />
one; I couldn’t because there was<br />
a sleeping princess who refused<br />
to wake up.<br />
I sat on the couch, stared at the<br />
clock, and was surprised to see<br />
that it was only 11:05 AM! I had<br />
no more energy left; it felt as if<br />
I had lost two kilos after an hour<br />
and a half of continuous work.<br />
I decided to take a nap even<br />
though that’s probably not something<br />
Rowena would do since she<br />
is used to doing the same work<br />
everyday.<br />
New chef<br />
I woke up and it was lunchtime<br />
already; I don’t know why it felt<br />
like I’d been sleeping the whole<br />
day. My body was exhausted, I had<br />
a bad headache, and of course I had<br />
Panadol pills ready just in case I<br />
needed them. I checked Rowena’s<br />
list. It was time to go the kitchen.<br />
I started checking the ingredients<br />
to see what I could cook. I personally<br />
love cooking, but the worst<br />
part was cutting the onions! I made<br />
penne pasta with pink sauce and<br />
chicken cream soup. It was 2:35<br />
PM and the princesses were back<br />
and ready to eat.<br />
After half an hour, “that was really<br />
yummy khulood, you should cook<br />
every day,” the eldest princess<br />
said. The youngest agreed and my<br />
facial expressions showed how<br />
I relieved I was. I was really proud<br />
of myself and started to see my<br />
future as a good housewife. The<br />
most important thing was that<br />
I was finally praised for my house<br />
chores. It felt so good.<br />
After having my lunch, I walked<br />
into the kitchen for a big surprise;<br />
the kitchen looked like a hurricane<br />
had hit it. I had to wash all the<br />
plates and clean up the mess.<br />
I was finally done and had the<br />
chance to rest and have a cup<br />
of tea. I felt fatigued even though<br />
it was only my first day. I kept on<br />
asking myself the same question<br />
over and over again, “How could<br />
Rowena handle all this stress?”<br />
Glass of water<br />
The prince was back and he was<br />
sitting on his favorite couch playing<br />
games with his school bag on<br />
the floor and all his belongings<br />
scattered everywhere. He started<br />
calling for Rowena, but she wasn’t<br />
at home.<br />
“What do you want from her?”<br />
I asked.<br />
“I want water, ” he responded.<br />
I started thinking, “Does he do<br />
this everyday?” “ you can get the<br />
glass of water yourself!” I said<br />
with an angry tone.<br />
“ok I will, why are you screaming?”<br />
the prince replied.<br />
Rowena of course would never<br />
ask any of us to get our own<br />
glass of water. After that, I went<br />
to the supermarket and bought<br />
necessities for the house and then<br />
returned home to prepare dinner.<br />
At around 9:30 PM dinner was<br />
ready; I made burgers and banana<br />
juice. Suddenly, Rowena entered<br />
the house, “How was it?” she asked.<br />
“Honestly, it’s not easy,” I replied.<br />
The last task<br />
Here I was in the kitchen again<br />
washing the dishes and when<br />
I was done I immediately went<br />
to the washing machine and<br />
washed everyone’s clothes. The<br />
task was easy, but I was really<br />
tired and I ended up mixing colors<br />
because I wasn’t paying attention.<br />
No one can appreciate Rowena<br />
like I do after actually doing her<br />
job for one day!<br />
Good night<br />
It was 10:45 pm and I kept thinking<br />
about what I did the whole<br />
day. It might sound easy, but in<br />
fact it was extremely exhausting;<br />
any job that requires you to work<br />
the whole day is not fun. I still might<br />
not understand how Rowena feels<br />
about working in a place far away<br />
from her house and family, but<br />
I can make her feel at home and<br />
try to be her family. I then remembered<br />
the princesses saying lovely<br />
words about my cooking, “So, nice<br />
words do make a difference and<br />
I will make sure Rowena hears<br />
compliments everyday,” I thought.<br />
After my day of hard work at home,<br />
I believe everyone should work<br />
on house chores as a family and<br />
a team and at least appreciate the<br />
housekeepers role.<br />
good Night.
48<br />
PERSONALITY<br />
National champions<br />
Hessa Falaknaz<br />
Saif Al Dabal. Photo source: Sonia Al Hashimi, UAE Down Syndrome Association<br />
on a normal day at the mall, you pass by a family and see a member with special needs<br />
walking along with them. Some people glance and others stare, yet they do not know<br />
that that person is actually special by his accomplishments and not only his needs.<br />
Nowadays, we hear often about<br />
parents who neglect their children<br />
and abandon them for many<br />
different reasons; many stories<br />
have been published in newspapers<br />
and magazines about children<br />
being neglected by society and<br />
deprived from living their childhood<br />
dreams. The following<br />
are profiles of two successful<br />
Emiratis, who have won numerous<br />
championships and accomplished<br />
far more than the average Emirati<br />
could.<br />
“I am a champion!” These are the<br />
words of Saif Al-Dabal, a passionate<br />
and confident 25-year-old emirati,<br />
as he described himself.<br />
Al-Dabal is an award-winning<br />
Emirati champion who participated
in several athletic competitions,<br />
not only locally but also across the<br />
Middle East. He started swimming<br />
when he was only two years old<br />
and participated in swimming<br />
championships when he turned<br />
14. “I got very excited when I<br />
achieved this medal. It made my<br />
day,” he said, explaining that the<br />
day he was awarded a gold medal<br />
in the Regional Championship held<br />
in Syria in 2010 was the happiest<br />
day of his life.<br />
“My daily life is interesting because<br />
I do many things I love,” he said.<br />
according to al-Dabal, the five<br />
things he cannot live without are<br />
going to the cinema, singing, playing<br />
sports, eating, and of course<br />
being around his mother and his<br />
family. Just recently, Al-Dabal was<br />
casted as an actor for a kuwaiti<br />
series that is expected to air during<br />
Ramadan. He acted with famous<br />
actors from the gulf, which is one<br />
of the things he always wanted<br />
to do and finally achieved with<br />
determination.<br />
Rashid Saeed Al-Marzouqi is a<br />
26-year-old Emirati who works<br />
as an administrative assistant<br />
in the Community Development<br />
Authority. His initial job was to<br />
prepare paperwork and answer<br />
phone calls until he later got<br />
promoted to take on more challenging<br />
tasks and receive a higher<br />
salary. <strong>Dubai</strong> government Excellence<br />
Program honored Al-Marzouqi<br />
in the category of Unsung Heroes.<br />
“It was hard for me to work in<br />
the beginning, but now I have no<br />
problems doing my job,” he said<br />
with high spirits. Al-Marzouqi is<br />
a very social person; he dreamt<br />
of working as a public relations<br />
officer. He also loves to join conferences<br />
and to communicate with<br />
other people. “I’ve always wanted<br />
to be like Sheikh Mohammed Bin<br />
Rashid Al-Maktoum, because he<br />
is an ambitious person and has<br />
a vision for <strong>Dubai</strong>’s future.”<br />
With his modest salary, newly<br />
married Al-Marzouqi did not<br />
struggle much during his wedding<br />
preparations. “People were curious<br />
about how I would handle my<br />
wedding expenses, but I didn’t<br />
see a problem.” He explained that<br />
he wanted people to understand<br />
and to be aware of the things that<br />
might bother him.<br />
“I MIgHT NoT BE<br />
PERFECT, BUT THAT<br />
DoES NoT MEAN<br />
I AM DISABLED...<br />
WHEN goD CLoSES<br />
oNE DooR, HE<br />
oPENS ANoTHER.”<br />
These successful men stepped<br />
out of their comfort-zone and<br />
were not discouraged by the<br />
thoughts of the people around<br />
them. Al-Dabal and Al-Marzouqi<br />
are considered challenged, not<br />
only with Down syndrome and<br />
cerebral palsy, but also with the<br />
negative behavior of the people<br />
surrounding them. Sonia Al-<br />
Hashimi, Al-Dabal’s mother and<br />
the Chairperson of the UAE Down<br />
Syndrome Association, treated<br />
her son like a normal child, took<br />
him out with her wherever she<br />
went and did not pay attention<br />
to the negative things people had<br />
to say about her son.<br />
Al-Dabal has a very energetic<br />
personality and big dreams. “I<br />
want to live in an apartment alone<br />
and sing my lungs out without<br />
anyone interfering,” he explained.<br />
What he wants more than anything<br />
is to be independent and self-reliant.<br />
“I can’t wait to wake up every<br />
Tuesday morning and go to work<br />
at the office.” He currently goes for<br />
training at the Shangri-La Hotel<br />
offices in <strong>Dubai</strong> and dreams about<br />
having his own driver’s license<br />
as well as working at the office<br />
of Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid<br />
Al-Maktoum.<br />
Al-Marzooqi’s mother was always<br />
there for him. She encouraged him<br />
to work and socialize with other<br />
people. “My mother always asked<br />
me to go out and to live my life<br />
like I am supposed to. ‘Enjoy<br />
being who you are,’ she always<br />
told me,” said Al-Marzooqi. He is<br />
passionate about learning different<br />
things in life. In addition to being<br />
a loving son, a kind husband and<br />
a hard worker, Al-Marzouqi won<br />
the title of the First Ambassador<br />
for People With Disabilities in 2006.<br />
Al-Marzouqi suffers from cerebral<br />
palsy that is caused by brain damage;<br />
he has weak muscles, which<br />
allow him to only walk slowly<br />
and with the support of crutches.<br />
Despite his condition, Al-Marzouqi<br />
has proved that he can work<br />
hard and is qualified to work in<br />
any environment. “Before joining<br />
work I was at the <strong>Dubai</strong> Center for<br />
Special Needs for 23 years, which<br />
is why it was hard for me to get<br />
used to the work environment and<br />
its challenges. I might not be<br />
perfect, but that does not mean<br />
I am disabled. I have talents that<br />
people might not recognize;when<br />
god closes one door, he opens<br />
another.”<br />
49
50<br />
khadija Al Bastaki, a successful DWC graduate. Photo source: khadija Al Bastaki<br />
Graduate profile: a view from the top<br />
Eman Al Ali<br />
A closer look at the life of a successful Emirati female; khadija Al Bastaki.<br />
khadija Al Bastaki is the Senior<br />
Regional Manager of America<br />
and Africa at Jafza (Jebel Ali Free<br />
zone). She is a <strong>Dubai</strong> Women’s<br />
<strong>College</strong> software engineeringgraduate<br />
who continued her studies<br />
and was awarded an Executive<br />
MBA in Strategic Management<br />
from the Abu Dhabi Men’s <strong>College</strong>.<br />
Khadija Al Bastaki on the spot<br />
There are various characteristics<br />
that describe Al Bastaki’s personality,<br />
life, and dreams. one of the<br />
key features that highlights her<br />
personality is her ambition and<br />
constant striving for the best.<br />
“My father used to work in the<br />
United States and my childhood<br />
dream was to work abroad too.”<br />
This goal pushed her to do her<br />
best and motivated her to work<br />
harder; one of her major accomplishments<br />
was balancing her<br />
time between working in Jebel<br />
Ali and studying in Abu Dhabi.<br />
Al Bastaki is an individual who<br />
cherishes independence, a characteristic<br />
that hepled her accomplish<br />
successful career growth.<br />
She is also socially involved with<br />
the environment around her and<br />
does not like to shut herself off<br />
from new opportunities as she<br />
enjoys helping people and
providing them with assistance<br />
whenever she has the chance. Al<br />
Bastaki also enjoyed participating<br />
and contributing to various<br />
events while being a student such<br />
as presenting, acting and organizing<br />
events and ceremonies.<br />
“Although I had these interests<br />
since I was a child, I preferred<br />
to keep them as hobbies only.”<br />
The role of education in<br />
Al Bastaki’s career<br />
Al Bastaki was awarded a<br />
Bachelor degree in software<br />
engineering from <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
Women’s <strong>College</strong> in 2005. She<br />
believes her education life was<br />
full of challenges and experiences.<br />
Al Bastaki’s classmates were the<br />
first graduates who were allowed<br />
to practice their work placement<br />
abroad. “During my work exper-<br />
ience, I was exposed to an international<br />
workplace, IBM Cairo<br />
in Egypt, and this international<br />
exposure lead to many career<br />
opportunities,” she said.<br />
The experience of traveling alone<br />
to another country provided<br />
her with many opportunities.<br />
This contributed to making her<br />
develop strong communication<br />
skills and interpersonal characteristics.<br />
Al Bastaki’s family<br />
supported her to continue her<br />
studies and build her skills. They<br />
her the inspiration to continue<br />
her higher education and achieve<br />
her executive MBA in Strategic<br />
Management in 2010 while<br />
also working for Jafza.<br />
Climbing the career ladder<br />
After completing her work<br />
placement at IBM in Egypt, Al<br />
Bastaki worked at <strong>Dubai</strong> Port<br />
World for a year as a sales<br />
executive. In 2007, she started<br />
working for Jafza, where she<br />
climbed up the career ladder<br />
from sales executive to deputy<br />
manager of Commercial Sales. The<br />
main duty of her current position is<br />
to promote <strong>Dubai</strong> as a global business<br />
hub, which requires her to be<br />
a frequent traveler to different parts<br />
of the world.<br />
“I AM RESPoNSIBLE<br />
FoR CREATINg<br />
My oWN FUTURE<br />
By FACINg My<br />
PRoBLEMS<br />
AND LookINg<br />
FoRWARD To THE<br />
BEST To FULFILL<br />
My DREAMS.”<br />
In addition, one of Al Bastaki’s<br />
dreams is to be a role model for<br />
Emirati females and to be their<br />
representative in foreign countries.<br />
Presenting the best to the world<br />
led her to attract the interest of<br />
major investors to set up in the<br />
free zone. Al Bastaki family had<br />
concerns regarding her regular<br />
travel commitments especially<br />
since that her work commitments<br />
constantly result in her missing<br />
family events and weddings.<br />
Achieved milestones<br />
Being an active member of her<br />
community, Al Bastaki enjoys<br />
participating in different social<br />
events as a volunteer. Al Bastaki<br />
enrolled as a volunteer of Architectural<br />
Heritage Society in 2003 to<br />
become a part of the breast cancer<br />
awareness and donations campaign,<br />
which took place in all seven emirates.<br />
She also participated as a member<br />
of F1 <strong>Dubai</strong> Women Auto Race Club,<br />
Toastmasters Club, Emirates Science<br />
Club, and Speakers.ae.<br />
Al Bastaki’s future plan<br />
“Learn from the past, watch the<br />
present, and create the future.”<br />
AlBastaki says she considers the<br />
saying as a guide on how to live<br />
her life. “I am responsible for<br />
creating my own future by facing<br />
my problems and looking forward<br />
to the best to fulfill my dreams,”<br />
she added. Al Bastaki aims to continue<br />
her studies and is planning<br />
on achieving a degree in Logistics<br />
and Supply Chain Management.<br />
Moreover, she expresses her goal<br />
to be a public speaker.<br />
Her advice to DWC students:<br />
“Each person has hidden capabilities<br />
which need to be discovered,”<br />
Al Bastaki says, highlighting<br />
that going to college and receiving<br />
a proper education is the<br />
main source for developing one’s<br />
career and that it contributes to<br />
shaping the students’ future.<br />
51
52 FICTION<br />
young boy in a Turkish village. Photo source: Saad Al Saadi
Joory<br />
Salma Al Saadi<br />
An imaginative young Emirati girl chases her dreams on a journey of self-discovery.<br />
Another day at my university was<br />
just like any other, boring and dull.<br />
All I do is daydream, my favorite<br />
lazy hobby. I can picture myself on<br />
a desk frustrated and thinking very<br />
hard to make a decision regarding<br />
a huge dilemma in my firm. “I need<br />
this to be submitted on Saturday<br />
not later than 11:59am!” were my<br />
professor’s last words on my way<br />
out of my first class of the day and<br />
three more to go. Less than 150<br />
days left and I would be an official<br />
Bachelor degree graduate. How I<br />
longed for that day to come to unleash<br />
my soul and decide my path<br />
into the gates of the “real” life.<br />
Walking past the corridors on the<br />
campus I stop in front of the<br />
bulletin board. Stacked on top of<br />
each other I rarely find a flyer that<br />
attract me, but as curious as I am,<br />
I have to stop and scan each one to<br />
avoid the unlikely event of missing<br />
out on any news, or worse, hearing<br />
it from somebody else weeks later.<br />
“Do you have what it takes to run<br />
16km?” was the heading of a small<br />
flyer hidden under a “math Club”<br />
contest flyer. By participating in this<br />
race, half of the expenses paid for<br />
the trip would be donated to help<br />
uneducated children. Apart from<br />
the noble cause that encouraged me<br />
to join the trip, three other reasons<br />
crossed my mind that support my<br />
decision to participate in the race:<br />
travel, knowledge, and independence.<br />
This is what I really need<br />
“oTHER<br />
CoUNTRIES, LIkE<br />
BANgLADESH AND<br />
CHINA HAvE THE-<br />
HIgHEST<br />
ILLITERATE<br />
NUMBER oF<br />
ADULTS AND THE<br />
PRogRESS IS<br />
ExCRUCIATINgLy<br />
SLoW<br />
before graduating, enjoying my last<br />
few months as a student. Being a<br />
student isn’t only about studying<br />
and getting A’s; it’s about learning<br />
new things everyday in or out of<br />
the class. Holding this memory will<br />
make me look back and smile, “I<br />
accomplished something!”<br />
“The campaign describes many<br />
factors to attract tourists, but what<br />
type of audience will respond<br />
most? Joory?” Professor Salam<br />
asked me, noticing my distracted<br />
gaze. I wake up from a captivating<br />
dream embarrassed by his accusing<br />
stare and struggle to come up with<br />
a response. “People with passion,”<br />
I replied, half relating to myself and<br />
half hoping that it would suit the<br />
question I barely heard. Professor<br />
Salam nodded with a smile and<br />
carried on explaining how Australia<br />
can determine which type of tourists<br />
will rank first.<br />
Driving back home my phone rings,<br />
“Hello.”<br />
“Hi Joory! How is it going?” Manal<br />
asks on the other end.<br />
“What do you think about the<br />
marathon trip? Awesome right.<br />
Don’t you just love it when I find<br />
sweet deals like this one?! Listen<br />
you have to talk to your father<br />
pronto!”<br />
“Are you really considering this?”<br />
Manal questions me with astonishment.<br />
“of course!” I reply.<br />
“I didn’t think you’d take it seriously.<br />
And you can donate for<br />
uneducated children from <strong>Dubai</strong>.<br />
Plus who wants to run for 18<br />
kilometers?” answers Manal.<br />
“I would!” I fire back at her.<br />
“Honestly I don’t think it’s a good<br />
idea and if you feel you have enough<br />
money for a lame, pointless trip, I<br />
think we should consider London<br />
instead.”<br />
Manal’s words create silence.<br />
I end the conversation hoping to<br />
53
54<br />
think clearly about her words.<br />
I have to focus on what to say to<br />
my parents and how to broach the<br />
subject without ambushing them.<br />
going down the stairs I catch a<br />
whiff of the mesmerizing chicken<br />
biryani and breathe deeply. I’m<br />
definitely going to miss this meal<br />
while running in Turkey. Laughing<br />
at myself, I walk to the dining table<br />
where my family has just started<br />
eating. I feel blessed for having two<br />
very understanding parents who<br />
would support anything that would<br />
benefit me. sometimes, however,<br />
they worry too much.<br />
“Mom. Dad. I have an announcement<br />
to make.” I start slowly,<br />
“growing up I felt I was the luckiest<br />
girl in the world. you never refused<br />
a request of mine.”<br />
“What is it darling?” my mother<br />
asked. I look at both of them and<br />
start telling them about the flyer<br />
that will change my life.<br />
“That is impossible my dear, you<br />
cannot go by yourself”<br />
“Please, Mom, I have to do this, it’s<br />
a life changing experience! Dad!<br />
Talk to her!”<br />
“We will have to think about it<br />
more darling, I can’t just agree<br />
without talking more about it.”<br />
“Fine, I have to leave now!”<br />
Later on, I met Manal at a small,<br />
quiet café close by. She was sitting<br />
in the corner by the window<br />
working on her laptop with a coffee<br />
mug clutched in her hand. I make<br />
my way through the tables and<br />
sit in front of her with a serious<br />
expression, ready to give her “the<br />
talk.” Manal stares up in surprise<br />
and laughs. I smile back and order<br />
mixed berries juice for myself.<br />
“Manal. What are you doing?”<br />
“Researching,” Manal replies.<br />
“you obviously know why I’m here.<br />
I mean you can’t possibly think that<br />
I would let it be and forget about it!”<br />
Manal starts laughing hard, “I’m<br />
coming. I’m coming.”<br />
“Are you kidding me?!” I scream.<br />
She catches her breath and says,<br />
“After our conversation on the<br />
phone I thought about it for a while.<br />
I wouldn’t let you go all by yourself.<br />
Plus, I can do a bit of shopping!”<br />
I gather myself and reply, “you can’t<br />
imagine how happy I am. I could<br />
cry.” Manal starts laughing again.<br />
“But Manal, the problem is that my<br />
mother sounded unsure about the<br />
trip. She’s still thinking about it, I’m<br />
just keeping my hopes up.”<br />
Finally, my mother is confident that<br />
I’m old enough to take care of<br />
myself. All packed and ready to<br />
go I tuck in some last minute<br />
toiletries in the sides of my suitcase.<br />
“There’s not much time,” my<br />
dad yells from down stairs. Phone<br />
check. Passport and ticket check.<br />
Camera check.<br />
Manal! I forgot to call her! I call<br />
Manal to make sure she’s ready<br />
since she tends to be late. I call<br />
her and wait.<br />
“Hey Joory. Where are you? Have<br />
you left yet?”<br />
“I’m on my way Manal. What<br />
about you? Are you done<br />
packing?”<br />
“I’ll get into the car now.”<br />
I feel relieved, “okay, see you there”<br />
What am I going to do there once<br />
I’m in Turkey? Am I going to like<br />
it? of course I will; it’s something<br />
new that I haven’t tried before. I<br />
come out of my reverie to the<br />
announcement, “Welcome to<br />
Istanbul!”<br />
In the hotel room, I call my parents<br />
to let them know I arrived<br />
safely. The hotel room wasn’t big,<br />
but neat and tidy, contemporary<br />
and adequate. I started unpacking<br />
my things and prepared myself<br />
for exploring the city before our<br />
lunch with the group and the race<br />
committee. getting ready to leave<br />
the hotel room, I found Manal<br />
sleeping. She probably didn’t<br />
sleep much during the flight.<br />
Cobblestone streets, restaurants<br />
and hotels, and grocery stores<br />
displaying all sizes of luggage told<br />
me the area is touristic. only tour<br />
buses and taxis were allowed to<br />
drive down the street. It felt safe<br />
considering I had heard that theft<br />
was common in this country, but<br />
what country doesn’t have crime?<br />
People should be careful wherever<br />
they are. I walk around browsing<br />
the shops. They have local sweets<br />
in different colors and sizes; I<br />
should get some for my Mom. on<br />
my way back to the hotel, I stopped<br />
at a grocery store to get snacks for<br />
later.<br />
“Manal. Manal. Manal. Wake up!<br />
We have to go meet with the<br />
Istanbul Race Committee for<br />
introduction and registration.<br />
We’ll even get t-shirts and numbers.<br />
Come on, they’re all downstairs<br />
waiting.”<br />
In the lobby I see our chaperone,
Ms. Headly; she smiles and waves<br />
at me. “This is Mr. Bayroon from the<br />
Istanbul Race Committee. He will be<br />
guiding us with three other groups<br />
in the race.”<br />
Tall, in his 50’s, small light brown<br />
eyes, curly hair, long nose, a thick<br />
mustache and an ex-tour guide, Mr.<br />
Bayroon seemed like a nice man.<br />
“Hello, my name is Joory. very nice<br />
to meet you.”<br />
He nodded back in acknowledgement<br />
and responded in moderate<br />
English, “Thank you, Joory. I will tell<br />
you today what you will do in the<br />
Istanbul Race once the of the group<br />
is here.”<br />
In the box behind him, he grabbed<br />
t-shirts and proudly handed one to<br />
each of us with a broad smile on his<br />
face. “Tomorrow at 7:00 am please.<br />
All come to Bosphorus Bridge<br />
to start stretching and take our<br />
places,” were Mr. Bayroon’s last<br />
words before we left the hotel for<br />
traditional Turkish lunch.<br />
In the hotel lobby, Ms. Headly<br />
started talking to us about our<br />
plans, “Tomorrow is the Istanbul<br />
Race supporting uneducated<br />
children. you shouldn’t forget that<br />
this is the main reason we are all<br />
here. Do not forget your t-shirts,<br />
number tags, and running shoes.<br />
We’re running 16 km. Tomorrow<br />
will be a very long day and I’m sure<br />
all of us didn’t get enough sleep. So<br />
we will all go to bed early keeping<br />
in mind we will leave the hotel at<br />
6:30 am sharp. Be in the lobby at<br />
6:15 am.”<br />
My alarm went off at 5:55 am. It’s<br />
race day. I get up keeping my eyes<br />
shut and found my way to the toilet.<br />
I try to resist morning as much as<br />
I can. I had a quick cold shower<br />
to erase sleepiness. I check my<br />
backpack in case I forgot somethig.<br />
I turned on all the lights, opened<br />
the curtains, and shouted, “Manal,<br />
wake up!” I put on my race gear and<br />
rushed down for express breakfast<br />
at 6:15. Eating my cereal as fast as<br />
possible, I asked the waiter to call<br />
our room to wake Manal up. He<br />
came back in a few minutes with<br />
no answer.<br />
I rushed upstairs and opened our<br />
room door wide to find manal<br />
sleeping like a baby. I stared at her<br />
in disbelief. What was she thinking?<br />
We’d talked about this before sleeping<br />
and this was what the whole<br />
trip was about. She doesn’t listen<br />
to anyone, but herself and the main<br />
reason behind joining the trip was<br />
for fun. I admire her strong character<br />
and confidence. she’s used to<br />
traveling alone and doing what she<br />
pleases. Like me, she’s an only child,<br />
but without a mother.<br />
At the meeting area, Mr. Bayroon<br />
used a microphone so all of us<br />
could hear his instructions.<br />
I was not listening; I was looking<br />
around at the huge number of<br />
people. There were old women<br />
with teenage girls and boys or<br />
little boys with their parents. The<br />
gunshot sounded and the stampede<br />
began.<br />
About 100,000 people ran<br />
together for the same cause. In<br />
India, around 72 million children<br />
in the primary school age are not<br />
in school yet. other countries, like<br />
Bangladesh and China, have the<br />
highest illiterate number of adults<br />
and the progress is excruciatingly<br />
slow. How will those children affect<br />
their country and the world in the<br />
future? These children will grow<br />
up in poverty and no income to<br />
support their basic needs due to<br />
their illiteracy. How can we help<br />
them?<br />
Awareness about this issue is very<br />
limited in our region as there are<br />
many illiterate individuals in Arab<br />
countries, yet we are not organizing<br />
huge events for the whole world<br />
to join. I had been thinking of a<br />
successful graduation project idea<br />
for many weeks and it was right in<br />
front of me. People have the option<br />
to leave a mark in this world and<br />
pursue it for a humanitarian cause<br />
that is noble and selfless. the most<br />
famous leaders lived their lives<br />
defending humanitarian causes.<br />
Mother Theresa and gandhi are<br />
examples of such leaders.<br />
I can’t stop running, so are my<br />
thoughts.<br />
55
56<br />
DWC NEWS<br />
Mohammad Al Redha<br />
Technology Week at DWC<br />
on May 9th, 2012, <strong>Dubai</strong> Women’s <strong>College</strong> (DWC)<br />
organized its 2nd annual Technology Week. The Technology<br />
Week’s purpose was to offer students and staff an<br />
opportunity to learn about new technology which can<br />
help their learning and teaching plans. Students had<br />
the opportunity to try the new 3D softwares, IBM’s<br />
Watson super computer, and virtual computing. Jamie<br />
Stewart, Associate Director and Dean of the Business<br />
and Technology Division at DWC, was present to<br />
absorb the event. Ford representatives in the Middle<br />
East, demonstrated the technology used in ite most<br />
recent can models released recently in the markets.<br />
Cotopia Social Responsibility<br />
Students from the Applied Communications Department<br />
at DWC helped organize the second CoToPIA<br />
Social Responsibility Dialogue. The event aims at<br />
building bridges connecting corporations to issues<br />
relevant to the community. The event was held at<br />
DWC on 25 April, 2012. Sheikh Abdul Aziz Al Nuaimi,<br />
Environmental Advisor to the Ajman government and<br />
CEo of Al Ihsan Charity Centre, attended the event<br />
along with more than 600 other attendees. Many<br />
successful Emiratis also participated in the event<br />
to talk about their achievements during their work<br />
experiences.<br />
<strong>Dubai</strong> Students Film Festival<br />
The <strong>Higher</strong> <strong>College</strong>s of Technology, <strong>Dubai</strong> Men’s Campus<br />
(DMC), hosted the 2nd <strong>Dubai</strong> Students Film Festival<br />
(DSFF) on the 2nd and 3rd of May, 2012. DWC and<br />
DMC Applied Communications students organized DSFF<br />
following the footsteps of 12 students who started<br />
the DSFF last year. DSFF was organized to showcase<br />
the creativity of students in the media production field<br />
within the UAE. The event was attended by more than<br />
450 visitors. “This is a one step ahead, I think we made<br />
great improvement this year,” said Suqrat Bin Bisher,<br />
DSFF’s chairman and a DWC Applied Media student.<br />
Photo by Caroline Bianca/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus Marketing<br />
Mohammad Al Redha/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
Mohammad Al Redha/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus
Library Week in DWC<br />
on April 15th 2012, his highness Sheikh Majid bin<br />
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Chairman of the<br />
<strong>Dubai</strong> Culture and Arts Authority, opened the Library<br />
Week event at DWC. Present at the opening event were<br />
Juma Al Majid, Chairman of <strong>Dubai</strong> Economic Council and<br />
Dr. Howard Reed, Senior Director of the HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>. The<br />
event also included the opening of DWC Arabic Book<br />
Fair. His highness Sheikh Majid toured DWC’s campus,<br />
visited its academic departments, attended students<br />
presentations, and was introduced to the No Fizzy Drink<br />
Campaign introduced by DWC to help students learn<br />
about the health risks behind fizzy drinks consumption.<br />
Insight <strong>Dubai</strong> Conference<br />
The eighth Insight <strong>Dubai</strong> Conference was held from<br />
18-22 March at DWC. The annual conference focused<br />
on empowering women through bringing together<br />
more than 65 students from different nationalities and<br />
pairing them up with 65 Emirati students from DWC to<br />
discuss current and relevant issues including Shariah<br />
law, Uae governance and human trafficking. “It was<br />
my first time to facilitate in such a powerful conference.<br />
I can consider myself as a changed person after spending<br />
5 days with 16 inspiring young women,” said Alia Al-<br />
Shamlan, one of the conference’s facilitators.<br />
Techno Girlz<br />
Mohammad Al Redha/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
Mohammad Al Redha/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus<br />
Focusing on environmental sustainability, DWC<br />
launched the 4th Technogirls event which received<br />
around 400 students from different schools. The<br />
event aimed at educating DWC and other high school<br />
students about the importance of green technologies<br />
that provide support to the UAE community. Technogirls<br />
2012 was also organized to encourage high school<br />
students to enter the fields of Engineering, Math,<br />
Technology, and Science. Tech nogirls 2012 keynote<br />
speaker was His Highness Sheikh Dr. Abdul Aziz bin<br />
Ali Al Nuaimi, Environmental Advisor to the Ajman<br />
government and the Chairman of the International<br />
Steering Committee for the global Initiative towards<br />
a sustainable Iraq. Caroline Bianca/HCT-<strong>Dubai</strong>, Women’s Campus Marketing<br />
57
58<br />
OUT AND ABOUT<br />
by MOHAMED AL MARRI<br />
INTERNET CAfé<br />
MOHAMED AL MARRI<br />
http://bookcoverarchive.com/<br />
http://www.wattpad.com<br />
http://www.livestrong.com<br />
Book Cover Archive<br />
The Book Cover Archive has a collection of over 1,000<br />
book covers sorted by designers, authors, titles, art<br />
directors, photographers, illustrators, and more. viewers<br />
can leave comments on the cover pages. It is one of the<br />
best websites for book cover researchers and art fans.<br />
Wattpad<br />
Wattpad has free unlimited access to books. The reader<br />
will find an abundant number of books from all genres.<br />
The reader can also contact the author and leave his/<br />
her comments on the book pages. This website offers<br />
a page where the reader can add friends and get feedback<br />
or criticism on his/her own writings. What makes<br />
this website unique is that it has an inviting layout and<br />
is well organized. Writers’ rights are reserved in Wattpad.<br />
Live Strong<br />
LiveStrong is bringing helpful information and motivation<br />
to people all over the world. Through the LiveStrong<br />
website, users can find out more about health, learn<br />
about fitness, and improve their lifestyle. the website<br />
has many helpful resources. It encourages users to live<br />
better and maintain healthier lives.
BOOk REvIEW<br />
MOHAMED AL MARRI<br />
A Thousand Splendid Suns<br />
By khaled Hosseini<br />
A Thousand Splendid Suns is a<br />
touching story about the struggles<br />
of two women, Mariam and Laila,<br />
during the reign of the Taliban in<br />
Afghanistan. Mariam had to suffer<br />
her father’s rejection and later on<br />
her husband’s brutal treatment.<br />
Meanwhile, Laila lived with her<br />
mother’s ignorance and then the<br />
loss of her love. All this happened<br />
in times when Afghanistan fought<br />
against the Soviet Union. When<br />
I read the book, I learned about<br />
the innocent women, children<br />
and men who struggled during<br />
this cruel war. The author successfully<br />
ties the reader with the<br />
characters, who grow from childhood<br />
to adulthood. It is a great<br />
book because it speaks to our<br />
emotions, to our conscience.<br />
The Alchemist<br />
By Paulo Coelho<br />
The Alchemist, a tale of meaningful<br />
lessons and messages, is about a<br />
shepherd, Santiago, who leaves<br />
his hometown to fulfill his dream.<br />
Throughout his journey Santiago<br />
had to overcome many obstacles<br />
that in the end helped him accept<br />
life. The Alchemist, in my opinion,<br />
is paolo Coelho’s finest book.<br />
Even though the story was simple,<br />
its message was beautiful and<br />
hopeful. The events were exciting<br />
and never boring. The size of the<br />
book is inviting. It is a quick read,<br />
but you finish with one lesson,<br />
that through your ups and downs,<br />
you can create positivity.<br />
Kiss That Frog<br />
By Brain Tracy & Christina Tracy Stein<br />
kiss That Frog! is a self-improvement<br />
book by Brian Tracy and<br />
Christina Tracy Stein. The name<br />
of the book comes from the<br />
famous fairy-tale, which signifies<br />
change from bad to better when<br />
the princess kissed the frog and<br />
he turned into a prince. The book<br />
discusses 12 guaranteed ways<br />
to flip negatives into positives<br />
in someone’s life and work. The<br />
authors lay out seven ways to<br />
develop a positive personality for<br />
a better life. The steps were easy<br />
to achieve and the language used<br />
was simple and clear. I enjoyed<br />
reading this book because it gives<br />
readers hope to change their<br />
lives in a fun and easy approach.<br />
59
60<br />
BUQSHA<br />
Mohamed Al Marri<br />
We chose to call this section ‘Buqsha’ (see below for meaning) as it is dedicated to exploring various elements of Emirati<br />
culture and traditions.<br />
هعبرم هعطق نوكتو شامقلا نم ةرصلا يه :هشقب ىنعم<br />
.ايمدق سبلالما اهب عضوت<br />
Buqsha: an old word used to describe<br />
a square shaped piece of cloth. It was used<br />
to carry various items such as groceries,<br />
clothes and other items.<br />
old <strong>Dubai</strong> (Sea)<br />
Fate chose <strong>Dubai</strong> to become one<br />
of the luckiest cities in the gulf.<br />
The sea and the creek together<br />
gave <strong>Dubai</strong> advantageous location<br />
attracting settlers and providing<br />
them with a way of living.<br />
The technique of boat building<br />
including dhows (wooden sailing<br />
boats) and trade such as sail<br />
production, diving and pearling<br />
equipment showed profit. Boats<br />
carried thousands of sailors and<br />
pearling crews to deep-sea every<br />
summer so they can provide their<br />
families with food and other necessities.<br />
Fishing has long been a<br />
main source of income for people<br />
of <strong>Dubai</strong>.<br />
old Sea Fishing Way<br />
In the past, sea fishing was the<br />
second most important industry<br />
after pearl diving in the Emirates.<br />
Fishermen could indentify over<br />
300 varieties of fish and knew<br />
where to catch them. They made<br />
cages from palm leaves (al garagir)<br />
and nets (al aliakh) to trap the<br />
fish. they had different kinds of<br />
boats such as: al shasha, al houri,<br />
al shahoof and al shouee. Fishermen<br />
passed their knowledge on<br />
to their sons, who were expected<br />
to follow their fathers’ footsteps.<br />
They joined their fathers from<br />
an early age in order to learn<br />
the practical lessons of fishing<br />
and became talented fishermen.<br />
Women helped their husbands<br />
sell the catch in the markets. In<br />
the 1930’s, there were 30 women<br />
selling fish in the fish market<br />
in Bur <strong>Dubai</strong>.<br />
(Al gargoor)<br />
al gargoor is an old fishing gear,<br />
which is used untill today. It is<br />
semi-circular cage that is made<br />
of metal. The process of using al<br />
gargoor is: Firstly, the hole in the<br />
al gargoor gets thinner as fish<br />
swim into it. Secondly, the fish<br />
goes for the bait that is hanging<br />
in the middle of al gargoor. Finally<br />
the fisherman strings a rope from<br />
the al gargoor to the top of the sea<br />
to identify the location.
Dhow Building<br />
In the beginning of the 20th century, the Emirates produced 50 sailing<br />
dhows annually. Some of the sailing dhows, such as al baghlah and al<br />
boom, were designed for long distance travel. others, such as al shouee<br />
and al jalbout, were for pearl diving and fishing. today, you can find these<br />
gorgeous traditional old dhows in <strong>Dubai</strong> greek. Many locals in the UAE<br />
still build dhows for business and profit.<br />
Al Jalbout (Boat)<br />
Al Jalbout is one of the locally made and used dhows in the UAE.<br />
al jalbout was used mostly for diving trips, finding pearls, and fishing.<br />
Its length is 20-30 feet and it can carry between 15- 45 tons. It is said<br />
that al jalbout has been named after the Portuguese boat jalbota.<br />
61
62<br />
ىدحإ يف لمعتو ،اهمسا ركذ مدع<br />
ىدم نع ،ةيموكلحا هبش تاكرشلا<br />
يف ةمهاسلما تاكرشلا ةيقادصم<br />
ةرظنلا نأب تباجأ ،فيظوتلا ضراعم<br />
تاكرشلا هاتجا روهملجا مومعل ةيبلسلا<br />
ضراعم للاغتساب اهماهتاو ةمهاسلما<br />
وه نلاعلإاو ةياعدلاو جيورتلل فيظوتلا<br />
عقاولاو ةحصلا نع دعبلا لك ديعب رمأ<br />
جورت نأ يف ةلكشلما ام :تفاضأو<br />
يتاراملإا عمتجملل اهءامتنا ةكرشلا<br />
ىوتسم ىلع ةمهم ةرهاظت اذكه يف<br />
ةكرشلل نوكت ةسفن تقولا يفو ةلودلا<br />
لمتح يف ةسوملمو ةيقيقح ةمهاسم<br />
ةلكشلما هذه لح هاتجا اهتايلؤسم<br />
حبصيس اهلح رمأ نأ ملعلا عم ؟هقرؤلما<br />
بيرقلا لبقتسلما يف ايمازلإ ارمأ<br />
اهضرف للاخ نم ةموكلحا لبق نم<br />
لفكت ةصالخا تاسسؤلما ىلع ينناوقل<br />
ةكرشلا نإ :ةلئاق تدرطتساو .كلذ<br />
ضرعم يف اهتكراشم للاخ تلبقتسا<br />
زكرم يف دقع يذلا ريخلأا فيظوتلا<br />
7 ىلإ 5 ةرتفلا نم يراجتلا يبد<br />
متيس بلط 1500 ىلع ديزي ام سرام<br />
نم ةسلس نمضو ،ايدرف اهعم لماعتلا<br />
ىوتسلما ديدتح ناحتماب أدبت تاوطلخا<br />
جمارب ديدحتب ًءاهتناو ةيزيلنجلاا ةغلل<br />
عيملج مدقتلما زايتجا ةلاح يف بيردتلا<br />
ىوتسلما ىلع ظافحلل كلذو ،تابلطتلما<br />
. ةينهلما نم عيفرلا<br />
ةريخأ ةملك<br />
لاقلا نع اديعبو ،فيظوتلا ضراعم<br />
اهتذختا ةوطخ لاإ يه ام ،ليقلاو<br />
ةكراشم نامض لجأ نم ةموكلحا<br />
ةيمنتلا يف ةينطولا ةيرشبلا دراولما<br />
يف اهجمدو ،ةينطولا ةيداصتقلاا<br />
سوردم ططخم نمض صالخا عاطقلا<br />
نم اهيلع بترتي امو ةلاطبلا نم دحلل<br />
ةوطلخا هذه نوكت دق ،تلاكاشم<br />
نوكت دقو ،ضعبلا رظن يف ةفيعض<br />
نأ ول نكل ،رخلآا ضعبلا رظن يف ةيوق<br />
ايونس مظنت يتلا فيظوتلا ضراعم<br />
حجنت ،ةلودلا تارامإ دادتما ىلع<br />
نإف صخش 2000ل لمع داجيإ يف<br />
قحتسي احانج كلذ نوريس نيريثكلا<br />
!هدنع فوقولا<br />
.ةفاك لامعلأا<br />
لوصح ، يديوسلا ءايلع تحرتقا<br />
يف ةيموكح تازايتما ىلع نطاولما<br />
ةحرتقم ،صالخا عاطقلا يف لمعلا<br />
عاطقلا بتاور ةلكشم لح كلذب<br />
ةموكلحا موقت نأب ةيندتلما صالخا<br />
ًايدام ًادفار لثيم يلام قودنص ءاشنإب<br />
صالخا عاطقلا يف يننطاوملل ايفاضإ<br />
عاطقلا نع ةفزاعلا ةئفلا عجشت كلذبو<br />
قاحتللاا ىلع هبتاور يندتل صالخا<br />
تاكرشلا دعاست ةيناث ةهج نمو ،هب<br />
بتاورلا عفد لمتح يف ةصالخا<br />
يننطاوملل ةبسانلما<br />
ةمهاسم تاكرش<br />
،ينطوتلا ةريدم ،ينلماس ةمطاف تراشأ<br />
)طسولأا قرشلا وكريس( ةكرش يف<br />
يفو لكك يبد يف ينطوتلا نأ ىلإ<br />
ريسي )طسولأا قرشلا وكريس( ةكرش<br />
2030 يبد ةيؤرل ًاقفو ةديج ىطخب<br />
فظوم 1700 ىلإ لصي ينفظولما ددعف<br />
جمارب ةكرشلا دمتعت :تفاضأو ،ايلاح<br />
ةزكرم يننطاولما ليهأتو ينيعتل ططخو<br />
اهعاونأب ةسدنهلا تاصصخت ىلع<br />
ينطوتلا ةبسن زهانت ثيح ،ةفلتخلما<br />
يلامجإ نم ةئلماب 8 وحن ةكرشلا يف<br />
هتاذ قايسلا يفو .ةلماعلا ىوقلا<br />
ضراعم نأ ،ينلماس ةديسلا تركذ<br />
تاقلح نمض ةقلح لاإ يه ام فيظوتلا<br />
نم ةموكلحا اهتنبت ةلصتمو ةريثك<br />
ةلاطبلا ةلكشم لح يف ماهسلإا لجأ<br />
ةقلعتلما تاماهتلاا ةضحاد ينطوتلاو<br />
،ضراعلما هذه لثم ةيثبعو ةيروصب<br />
عقاولا ضرأ ىلع تايئاصحلإا نأ ذإ<br />
هذه لثم ميظنت لعج امم ةياغلل ةعجشم<br />
تركذو .احجان ارمأ ايونس ضراعلما<br />
)طسولأا قرشلا وكريس( ةكرش نأ<br />
هذه يف ةكراشلما ىلع تصرح دق<br />
ةسملخا تاونسلا رادم ىلع ضراعلما<br />
اهتكراشمو اهدوجو تابثلإ لا ،ةيضالما<br />
اهتجالح لب ؛امومع لاقي امك ،ةيروصلا<br />
نم ريثكلا لغشل ةحللماو ةيقيقلحا<br />
.رغاوشلا<br />
تلضف يتلاو ).ر.أ( ةديسلا لاؤسبو<br />
وه كلذ يف ببسلا نأب امزاج ،!هريبعت<br />
اهتيلوؤسلم ةياعدلا يف ةكرشلا ةبغر<br />
هاتجا ةيلكشلاو ةيهاولا ةيعامتجلاا<br />
يف اهتروص ليمتجو ،ينطوتلا اياضق<br />
وهو ماوعأ ةثلاث ذنم هنأ ًادكؤم قوسلا<br />
هتعانق نم مغرلا ىلع لمع نع ثحبي<br />
ىدعتت لا اهب مدقتي يتلا هقاروأ نأب<br />
بتاكم جاردأ لاوحلأا نسحأ يف<br />
يهتنيل ،ضرعلما يف ةكراشلما تاكرشلا<br />
وأ ةمامقلا تلاس يف امإ فاطلما اهب<br />
تاسدع اهدصرتت ضرلأا ىلع ةكورتم<br />
ريثت ةدام اهيف اودجيل ينيفحصلا<br />
.فحصلا يف اشاقن<br />
تاحارتقلااو بتاورلا<br />
ىلإ يلودبعلا ةصح تراشأ ،كلذ ىلإ<br />
ىدعتي لا رملأا نأب اهتعانق مغرو اهنأ<br />
تاسسؤلماو تاكرشلل اعيملت هنوك<br />
اهلمأ نع تبرعأ اهنأ لاإ ،ةكراشلما<br />
لامع دتجو ظلحا اهفلاحي نأ يف<br />
ةعبرلأا ماوعلأا للاخ اهراظتنا يهني<br />
يف اهيأرو اهتعانق ددبيو ةيضالما<br />
ضراعم يف ةكراشلما تاكرشلا<br />
ةلكشم دوجو مدع ىلإ ةتفلا ،فيظوتلا<br />
صالخا عاطقلا يف يننطاولما لمع يف<br />
، تاراهلماو تاربلخا نع ثحبي يذلا<br />
بتاور يطعي هنإف ترفاوت نإ يتلاو<br />
وأ نطاوملل ءاوس ةيزجم تازايتماو<br />
.دفاولل<br />
يشولبلا نانح تحرتقا ،اهتيحان نم<br />
ةصرف نع ثحبتو ،ضرعملل ةرئاز<br />
تاكرشلا موقت نأ ،اهتنبلا لمع<br />
ةيموكلحا تاسسؤلماو ةصالخا<br />
بيردتل ،اهحابرأ نم ةبسن صيصختب<br />
،مهل ةيفيظو صرف قلخو يننطاولما<br />
تاكرشلا عيمج ةموكلحا مزلت ثيح<br />
؛اهفئاظو نم ءزج ينطوتب ءانثتسا نود<br />
.يننطاولما ينب هلاطبلا ةلكشم للح<br />
تماق ام نأ تلااشلاب للهادبع ربتعاو<br />
ةنهم ينطوتب قلعتي اميف لمعلا ةرازو هب<br />
نوؤش ماسقأ ىلإ ةفاضإ ،بودنلما<br />
ةريبكلا ةصالخا تاكرشلا يف ينفظولما<br />
ةموكلحا ميمصت سكعت ةديج ةيادب<br />
اهميمعت ًاعقوتم ،ينطوتلا يف دالجا<br />
تاسسؤمو تاعاطق يف ايجيردت
نع ينثحابلا باسكإ ضرغب ةيبيردت<br />
مهقالحإ مث نمو تاراهمو تاربخ لمع<br />
.اهيدل لمعلاب<br />
ىري يئابرهك سدنهم يحشلا دوعس<br />
دح ىلإ ةديج ةصرف ضراعلما نأ<br />
نم ريثكلا كانه نأ دكأ هنأ لاإ ، ريبك<br />
يجيرخ يننطاولما هجاوت يتلا تاقوعلما<br />
تاكرشب لمعلا يف ةسدنهلا ةيلك<br />
اهرود يمانت مغر ،صالخا عاطقلا<br />
اهراثئتساو عراستمو ريبك لكشب<br />
يداصتقلاا طاشنلا نم ةريبك ةصحب<br />
ينسدنهلما نأ ىلإ ًاريشم ،ةلودلا يف<br />
بتاور ىلع نولصحي نيدفاولا<br />
ضرتعي نم ًابلاطم ،ةديج تازايتماو<br />
ةّينف تاعاطق يف نطاولما ينيعت ّ ىلع<br />
ىلختي نأ صالخا عاطقلا يف ةّينقتو<br />
:فاضأو ةيهاولا ةيديلقتلا ةجلحا نع<br />
طعي مل نإ لاصأ يتأت نأ ةربخلل فيك<br />
!لمعلل ةصرفلا نطاولما<br />
تاراملإا داصتقا نإ<br />
عرسلأاو ،مخضلا<br />
رداق ةقطنلما يف ًاونم<br />
600 وحن قلخ ىلع<br />
يف ًايونس ةفيظو فلأ<br />
هدحو صالخا عاطقلا<br />
ةرئادلا تانايب بسحب<br />
ةيداتحلاا ةيداصتقلاا<br />
ةياعدلاو جيورتلا<br />
وعدي ارمأ كانه نأ ،مرك للهادبع ركذ<br />
جيرلخا نطاولما نأ وهو ،بارغتسلال<br />
لمعلل ةصرف دجي لا دق ،ماوعأ ذنم<br />
تاكرشلا نم ريثكلا باوبأ هقرط مغر<br />
تاهلج هتلاهؤمو ةيملعلا هتريس يمدقتو<br />
فيظوتلا ضراعم يف دجي امنيب ،لمعلا<br />
،ةيقيقح ىلولأا ةلهولل ودبت ًاصرف<br />
ىتحو لاابقتساو ًامامتها ىقلي امك<br />
دح ىلع اهانعم نم ةغراف ةعباتم<br />
دجيروملأا تايرجلم عبتتلما نأ ريغ<br />
لاو ةيدامرلا كلتب سيل فقولما نأ<br />
كانه نأ ذإ ،مؤاشتلا نم ردقلا كلذب<br />
هيلإ ةراشلإا نم دب لا اقرشم ابناج<br />
ينطوتلا لوح يعمتجلما شاقنلاف ،انه<br />
نأ حضتا امك ،فقوتي نلو رمتسم<br />
عاطقلا ةنميهل ملستست نل ةموكلحا<br />
راعش عفر نع فقوتت نلو ،صالخا<br />
يضلما نع فقوتت نل امك ،ينطوتلا<br />
ىلعو ةيلمعلا اهتاوطخ يف امدق<br />
فيظوتلا ضراعم ميظنت اهسأر<br />
وحن ذنم كلذ ىلع ةبظاولماو ةيونسلا<br />
ةموكلحا تبأد ثيح ،اماع رشع ىنثا<br />
ةيونسلا ةرهاظتلا هذه ميظنت ىلع<br />
هذه زكترتو ،ةلودلا تارامإ عيمج يف<br />
فيظوتلا ىلع اهتركف يف ضراعلما<br />
تاكرشلل صرفلا حاتت ثيح ينطوتلاو<br />
لمشيو ،اهيدل ةرفوتلما رغاوشلا ضرعل<br />
ةيموكلحا تاسسؤلما ينضراعلا لجس<br />
تاسسؤمو كونبلاو ةيموكلحا هبشو<br />
ةيميلعتلا تاسسؤلماو تاءاشنلإا<br />
اهريغو تامدلخا تاكرشو ةيراجتلاو<br />
فيظوتلاب متهت يتلا تاكرشلا نم<br />
.دقاعتلاو<br />
هذه لوح راثي اريثك اطغل نأ ريغ<br />
اهديصتت ثيح ،ماع لك يف ضراعلما<br />
اهلوانتتو ينيفحصلا تاسدع<br />
عيمج نم ملاعلإا لئاسوو فحصلا<br />
نع داقنلا نم ديدعلا رمشيو ،اهبناوج<br />
.اهيلع مهبضغ ماج اوبصيل مهدعاوس<br />
ضعب ةلاجع يف مكعم ضرعتسأس<br />
اهتعمج يتلا ةفلتخلما رظنلا تاهجو<br />
ةيسيئرلا فيظوتلا ضراعم شماه ىلع<br />
يّلع ،ةلودلا يف تميقأ يتلا ةيعرفلاو<br />
حضوأ يأرو ةروص نيوكت يف قفوأ<br />
!ضراعلما هذه نع<br />
تاربلخا<br />
لمع نع ثحبي بساحم ناورم دكؤي<br />
ًامامتها دجو هنأ ،2010 ماعلا ذنم<br />
تاسسؤلماو تاكرشلا نم ًاقئاف<br />
للاخ »فيظوتلا ضرعم« يف ةكراشلما<br />
صخلتت هتلكشم نكل ،ةيضالما تارودلا<br />
تاكرشلا ًابلاطم ،ةربخلل هراقتفاب<br />
جماربل ًاصرف رفوت نأ ةضراعلا<br />
حبصتل ،حيحصلا اهراطإ يف ةروصلا<br />
،لدجلل ةراثإ لقأ ابمرو احوضو رثكأ<br />
يتلا تاراملإا ةلود نع انه ثيدلحاف<br />
نواعتلا سلجم ةموظنم نمض تلتحا<br />
دعب ملاعلا يف ةثلاثلا ةبترلما يجيللخا<br />
تلتحا يتلا ةيكيرملأا ةدحتلما تايلاولا<br />
تلتحا يتلا ابوروأو ،ىلولأا ةبترلما<br />
باطقتسا لاجم يف ةيناثلا ةبترلما<br />
ءوشن نإ ؛ةرجاهلما ةلماعلا يديلأا<br />
مامتها هنع جتن تاراملإا يف ةورثلا<br />
ذإ يئانملإا طيطختلل ريبك هجوتو<br />
ىنبلا ءاشنإب ةيداصتقلاا ةيمنتلا تأدب<br />
ىمسي الم ناك ثيح ،ةعونتلما ةيتحتلا<br />
ذيفنت يف يساسأ رود ةدفاولا ةلامعلاب<br />
اهتردق نم هب زيمتت الم ؛ططلخا كلت<br />
ًءادأ ةبعصلا لمعلا عقاوم لاغشإ ىلع<br />
اهلاغشإ ةيللمحا ةلامعلل نكيم لا يتلاو<br />
ملس يف ىندلأا ةبترلما يف فنصت ثيح<br />
ةئف نأ ينح يف ،يننطاوملل لامعلأا<br />
لبقت نأ عيطتست ةدفاولا ةلامعلا نم<br />
،ةريثك لماوعل ةضفخنم روجأب لمعلا<br />
اهلمحتب فصتت كلذل ةفاضإ اهنأ امك<br />
عيطتسيلا يتلا ةبعصلا لمعلا فورظل<br />
.اهلبقت تاراملإا ونطاوم<br />
عرسلأاو مخضلا تاراملإا داصتقا نإ<br />
وحن قلخ ىلع رداق ةقطنلما يف ًاونم<br />
عاطقلا يف ًايونس ةفيظو فلأ 600<br />
ةرئادلا تانايب بسحب هدحو صالخا<br />
ىلع نكل ،ةيداتحلاا ةيداصتقلاا<br />
عيرسلا هونمو هتماخض نم مغرلا<br />
فئاظو داجيإ ىلع رداق ريغ هنإف<br />
،نطاوم فلأ 25-30 وحنل ةبسانم<br />
ضراعم نم اساسأ نوفدهتسلما مه<br />
لمعلا يف نوبغري نيذلاو ،فيظوتلا<br />
صالخا عاطقلا يف ًلامع نودجي لاو<br />
ةقرؤلما ةلاطبلا ةلكشم دجوأ امم<br />
اهساسأ يف يتلاو عمتجلماو ةلودلل<br />
ةبيكرتلا للاتخلا عجرت اهتقيقحو<br />
يلامجإ نأ ذإ تاراملإا ةلودل ةيناكسلا<br />
8264000 غلب تاراملإا ناكس ددع<br />
تاراملإا يف يننطاولما ددع اميف ،ةمسن<br />
نأ ينعي امم ،ةمسن فلأ 947 وه<br />
قفو 12% زواجتت لا يننطاولما ةبسن<br />
.2011 ماعلا تايئاصحإ<br />
63
64<br />
(ديبس رتش عقوم/ ردصلما) .ةفيظولا نع ثحبلا<br />
اهتايعادتو اهيعاود فيظوتلا ضراعم<br />
بتارب لوبقلا مدعو ،ةربلخا رفوت مدع<br />
تاعاسب طابضنلاا مدعو ،ضفخنم<br />
يتلا ةجلحا تاذ يهو لمعلا ينناوقو<br />
تاونسلا للاخ اهدادرت ىلع لكلا بأد<br />
تلعج يتلا بابسلأا يه امف .ةيضالما<br />
ددع ليلقو دراولما ريثك دلبلا اذه<br />
؟ةلاطبلا ةلكشم نم يناعي ناكسلا<br />
ىدم امو فيظوتلا ضراعم يه امو<br />
؟اهلوح ةفلتخلما ءارلآا يه امو ؟اهاودج<br />
ضراعم لوح ةعيرس ةرظن لعلو<br />
عضتس ةفلتخم اياوز نمو فيظوتلا<br />
ىري ينح يفف ،ةصالخا تاسسؤلماو<br />
ضارعتسا نم رثكأ تسيل اهنأ ضعبلا<br />
فحصلا يف ةرخافلماو نلاعلإا هضرغ<br />
نورخآ دكؤي ،ةفلتخلما ملاعلإا لئاسوو<br />
.ةيقيقح ةيفيظو صرف قلخ يف اهتيلعاف<br />
فيظوتلا ضرعم ماسقأ يف ةلوج للاخ<br />
،يبظوبأ ةرامإ يف ًارخؤم ميقأ يذلا<br />
ةريثك تاماهتا كانه نأ احضاو ادب<br />
لامهإب ةصالخا تاكرشلا ىلع ينمئاقلل<br />
تتح ةفيظو نع ثحابلا نطاولما<br />
يهو ،ةئرتهمو ةيهاو تتاب تارربم<br />
يداملحا هللادبع<br />
يننطاولما بابشلا نم ديدعلا رظني<br />
لا ،فيظوتلا ضراعم ىلإ لملأا ينعب<br />
ةمخضلا ةيملاعلإا تلاملحا عم اميس<br />
ضراعلما كلت لثم بكاوت يتلا<br />
سملاتو بابشلا ملاحأ بعادتو<br />
لمعلا قوسب قاحتللال ةسالما مهتجاح<br />
ىلع ،مهتاوذو مهتيللاقتسا اوققحيل<br />
تفلتخا .مهتاربخو مهتلاهؤم فلاتخا<br />
صرف نع ينثحابلا ،يننطاولما ءارآ<br />
فيظوتلا ضراعم ىودج لوح ةيفيظو<br />
تاكرشلا ىربك اهيف مهاست يتلا
ةعماج يف يريهاملجا لاصتلاا<br />
ملاعلإا ىلع ينمئاقلا وعدت تاراملإا<br />
يف ينطوتلا ةبسن ةدايز ىلإ ةلودلا يف<br />
بابشلا :لوقت ةيملاعلإا تاسسؤلما<br />
ملاعلإا تايلك يجيرخ نم نطاولما<br />
نأ انه مهلماو ،نوزهاجو نودوجوم<br />
لمعنو نابشلا ءلاؤه رمثتسنو ينبن<br />
هذهو ،نطولا ةمدلخ مهريوطت ىلع<br />
عضوم حبصت نأ بجي ةينطو ةحلصم<br />
ملاكلا لا ذيفنتلا<br />
ىمادقلا ينملاعلإا نم ريثكلا دجوي<br />
مهيدل نمم ةيملاعلإا تاسسؤلما يف<br />
نولمعي نيذلا كئلوأ نم ءاوس ةربلخا<br />
جماربلا يمدقم نم وأ سيلاوكلا فلخ<br />
متي لاجلما اذه يف مهنس ربك عم نكلو<br />
نع مهفيقوت و مهتامدخ نع ءانغتسلاا<br />
دعاقتلا بتار مهحنم يلاتلابو لمعلا<br />
ةمداق ةديدج ةباش تاربخب مهلادبتساو<br />
ديدجتلا كلذ يف ةجلحاو جرالخا نم<br />
روطتلا ةبكاولم ًايرورض دعي يذلا<br />
.ملاعلا يف يملاعلإا<br />
يف لمعأ تنك :قوثوم ردصم لوقيو<br />
يفاقيإ تمو ةسسؤلما يف جارخلإا لاجم<br />
،نسلا يف يمدقت دنع لمعلا نع<br />
لبتقم يف باش ىلإ جمانربلا يطعأو<br />
ةديدج اراكفأ هيدل نأ ةجحب رمعلا<br />
.جمانربلا روطت فوس<br />
يف ينطوتلا عوضوم ةشقانم دعب<br />
دوصقلما نأ ايلج حبصأ .ملاعلإا عاطق<br />
باطقتسا وه ام ردقب ينطوتلا سيل<br />
ةيملاعلإا لئاسولا يف لمعلل يننطاولما<br />
مهل ةبذالجا ةئيبلا ريفوتو ةيللمحا<br />
ةساسح ةنهم ملاعلإاف ؛رارمتسلال<br />
مسرت ،ةرثؤمو ةلعافو ،ةيويحو<br />
لخدتو ،عمتجلما نع ربعتو تاسايس<br />
هيدل ريغص عمتجم يف نحن .تيب لك<br />
جاتتح يتلا تايصوصلخا نم ريثكلا<br />
ربعيو اهليصافت مهفيو اهمهفي نم ىلإ<br />
سأر ىلع نطولا ءانبأ ىلإ جاتحن ،اهنع<br />
ةينويزفلت ةانق لكو ةيملاعإ ةسسؤم لك<br />
دّرجم سيل ملاعلإاف .ةفيحص وأ ةعاذإو<br />
امك ةّيلوؤسمو ةلاسر وه لب ،ةفيظو<br />
يف جمارب مدقم يبعكلا دوعس لوقي<br />
.يبد امس ةانق<br />
متي ثيح ةلودلا يف ةيملاعلإا تاسسؤلما<br />
تايبنجلأا تاعيذلما نم ضعبلا بلج<br />
ةجردلاب ةددحم ةيلكش تافصاولم اقفو<br />
ىلع نهبيردت متي مث نمو ،ىلولأا<br />
اميف نرهظيل ةيتاراملإا ةجهللا ناقتإ<br />
نهنأ ساسأ ىلع ةيلحم جمارب يف دعب<br />
مضه كلذب متيو ،ةيسنلجا تايتارامإ<br />
يتاوللا تايتاراملإا نم ريثكلا قوقح<br />
نأ ملعلا عم نطولا ليثمتب نملحي<br />
ربع نهروضح تنبثأ تايتارامإ كانه<br />
.زافلتلا تاشاش<br />
ىدحإ :رخآ قوثوم ردصم حرصيو<br />
تتبثأ تاريدلجا تايتاراملإا تاعيذلما<br />
ةيضاير جمارب للاخ نم اهدوجو<br />
ىلولأا ةعيذلما تناك ذإ ،لاجرلا صخت<br />
حاجنلا اذه ببسبو ،لاجلما اذه يف<br />
يتاراملإا دوجو ةركف<br />
ةيملاعلإا تاسسؤلما يف<br />
ةيللشلا ددهت ةلودلا يف<br />
كانه ةدجاوتلما ةيبنجلأا<br />
مظعم رصح متي ثيح<br />
كلتب ايلعلا فئاظولا<br />
.ةئفلا<br />
ةيبنجلأا ةيللشلا لبق نم اهتبراحم تتم<br />
تراثأو اهيلع برلحا تنش يتلا<br />
،ةينهلما اهتايقلاخأ ىلع تاعاشلإا<br />
كلذو ،ةلدأ دوجو مدع نم مغرلاب<br />
ةعيذم ىلإ اهناكم ءاطعإو ،اهتيحنتل<br />
ثيح ،ناك اذكهو ،ةيتارامإ ريغ ىرخأ<br />
.ةعاذلإا مسق ىلإ لوحتل ،اهتيحنت تتم<br />
يف اهملح لامكلإ ةعيذلما نلآا ىعستو<br />
ةلود ةشاش للاخ نم يضايرلا لاجلما<br />
نأ ركذلاب ريدلجاو .ىرخأ ةيجيلخ<br />
تاعاطقلا مهأ نم دعي ملاعلإا عاطق<br />
نملأا اياضق ىلإ ىقرت يتلا ةيويلحا<br />
يغبني ينطوتلا ةيلمع نإف اذل ،ينطولا<br />
.ةلماكتم ةطخ راطإ يف متت نأ<br />
مسق يف دعاسم ذاتسأ هاتول ةصح<br />
تاعاسلا سلجيو ةليقثلا تادعلما<br />
جارخلإ جاتنولما ةشاش مامأ ةليوطلا<br />
نمو ،ةيلاع ةدوج تاذ ةينويزفلت ةدام<br />
ىلع لوصحلل بلاطلا ىعسي كلذ لجأ<br />
ةكراشلما ىلع صرحيو ،تاجردلا ىلعأ<br />
ىتلا تاناجرهلماو تاقباسلما عيمج يف<br />
عفرل كلذو ؛اهجراخو ةلودلا يف ماقت<br />
هجوتيل ،ايلاع يتاراملإا ملاعلإا مسا<br />
.هقثو ةربخب لمعلا نيدايم ىلإ كلذ دعب<br />
دوجو ةركف نإ رملأا ةقيقح يف<br />
يف ةيملاعلإا تاسسؤلما يف يتاراملإا<br />
ةدجاوتلما ةيبنجلأا ةيللشلا ددهت ةلودلا<br />
فئاظولا مظعم رصح متي ثيح ،كانه<br />
داعبتسا متي يلاتلابو ةئفلا كلتب ايلعلا<br />
قح نم هنامرحو ،اهنع نطاولما<br />
،ينهلما روطتلا ةصرف ىلع لوصلحا<br />
ملعلا عم ةيفيظولا ةيقرتلاب ىمسي ام وأ<br />
ىلع لوصلحا قحتست رداوك كانه نأ<br />
برلحا هذه نكلو 100% تايقرتلا<br />
ةينطولا رداوكلا ىلع نشت ىتلا ةدرابلا<br />
عشبأ نم دعت تاعومجلما كلت لبق نم<br />
يفيظولا ىوتسلما ءاقبلإ تلاوالمحا<br />
،ايندتم زيمتلما حومطلا نطاوملل<br />
ميطحتل تاعاشلإا عشبأب هتمجاهبم<br />
ججلحاب همصوو ،لمعلا يف هتيمزع<br />
ماهتلاا عباصأ عضت يتلا ةيهاولا<br />
لامهلإا تافصب هتعنتو نطاولما ىلع<br />
مدعو ةيلاكتلااو لسكلاو يفيظولا<br />
.نطولا ةمدلخ لمعلا يف ينافتلا<br />
يف ًاوضع تنك:قوثوم ردصم ركذي<br />
ةيرادإ ةفيظول ينمدقتلما تلاباقم ةنلج<br />
لمتح ةيتارامإ ةاتف ةلباقبم تمقو<br />
ةلباقلما تدأ دقو ريتسجالما ةداهش<br />
اهتلباقم نم ءاهتنلاا دعبو ،زاتمم لكشب<br />
دحأ رداب ثيح ،يبضغ راثأ شاقن راد<br />
ةجحب ةمدقتلما ضفرب هنجللا ءاضعأ<br />
روطت نلو،ةريدج ريغو هيتارامإ اهنأ<br />
ةيفيظو تايمسلم ىعست فوسو ةرادلإا<br />
.ريبك بتارو ايلع<br />
ةنهم يه ملاعلإا ةنهم نأ ضعبلا ىري<br />
فلتخم يف زفاولحا بايغو ،بعاتلما<br />
قرطتلل ثيدلحا يندوقي انهو ،اهتلااجم<br />
يف تاعيذلما فيظوت طورش ىلإ<br />
63<br />
65
63 66<br />
رايتخا ىلع ليعفتلا رصتقي لا ثيحب<br />
ءلم متي اميف رداوكلا هذه نم ليلق ددع<br />
ةجحب ؛ةيبنجأ تاربخب ةيقبتلما رغاوشلا<br />
يف لمعلل ايلعف لهؤم ريغ نطاولما نأ<br />
.بيردتلا ةرتف<br />
رداوكلا قحب ةرركلما ةجلحا هذه<br />
مئاغ يميمعت موهفم نم قلطنت ةينطولا<br />
تاراهلماب لهؤم جيرلخاف ،فصنم ريغو<br />
بيردتلا نم اظح لان دقو ،ةمزلالا<br />
يف تاعمالجاو تايلكلا يف يناديلما<br />
عوبطلما ءاوس ملاعلإا تلااجم عيمج<br />
بلاطلاف ،عومسلما وأ ،يئرلما وأ ،اهنم<br />
ةيساردلا هرتفلا يف ءابعلأا لمحتي<br />
،ريوصتلا عقاوم يف دهلجا لذبيو<br />
لمحيو ريوصتلا تلاآ عم لماعتيو<br />
قفاولما ينعبرلأا داتحلاا موي يف<br />
،يلالحا ماعلل ربمسيد نم يناثلا<br />
دمحم خيشلا ومسلا بحاص رمأ<br />
سيئر بئان ،موتكم لآ دشار نب<br />
مكاح ،ءارزولا سلجم سيئر ،ةلودلا<br />
نم ةبلاطو ابلاط ٤٠ بيردتب ،يبد<br />
جمارب يجيرخو ،تاراملإا ينطاوم<br />
هيجوتلا اذهب لامعو ،ةلودلا يف ملاعلإا<br />
نأب ملاعلإل يبد ةسسؤم ريدم حرص<br />
ةعبرأ ةدلم رمتسي بيردتلا جمانرب<br />
مايقلل بردتلما ليهأتل ةيلاتتم روهش<br />
،جرخم دعاسمك ةينقتلاو ةينفلا ماهلماب<br />
،ةءاضإ ينفو ،توص ينفو ،روصمو<br />
هذه نم ردجلأا فيظوت مث نمو<br />
اهنكل ،ةروكشم ةردابم هذهو ،رداوكلا<br />
،قمعأو ربكأ يلمع ليعفت ىلإ جاتتح<br />
)تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/يميعنلا يمرم ريوصت(.اهمليف روصت ةجرخم<br />
ملاعلإا يف ينطوتلا<br />
يمشاهلا يمرم<br />
تاراملإا ةلود يف ملاعلإا ةسسؤم دعت<br />
تاسسؤلما ىوقأ نم ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا<br />
يبرعلا نطولا يف ةدجاوتلما تاعاطقلاو<br />
حبصأ يملاعلإا عقاولا اذه لظ يف<br />
نع ثيدحلل قرطتلا يرورضلا نم<br />
ةلودلا هيف تحبصأ تقو يف ينطوتلا<br />
ثيح ،ملاعلا لود نم رثكلا راظنأ طحم<br />
توصب ةيملاعلإا ةلاسرلا ليصوت يغبني<br />
تاعلطت ديدتح ىلع رداقو ريدج يلحم<br />
باشلا نلأ ارظن ؛اهليثتمو عمتجلما<br />
هئامتناو هتأشن مكحب ردقأ نطاولما<br />
اذه ديلاقتو تاداعو ةعيبط كاردإ ىلع<br />
وحن هروذج نم قلاطنلااو ،عمتجلما<br />
.ةيماسلا هتاعلطت
<strong>Higher</strong> <strong>College</strong>s of Technology - <strong>Dubai</strong><br />
Arabic Institute<br />
يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك<br />
يبرعلا دهعلما<br />
Offering training by specialized & certified experts<br />
نيدمتعم ينصصختم ينبردم - ةيبيردت تارود<br />
Non Arabic speakers: Arabic courses<br />
Arabic speakers: Personal & career development<br />
For more information contact: Dr. Hanan Hairab, Manager<br />
Applied Arabic Chair<br />
dwcarabicinstitute@hct.ac.ae, 04 2089530<br />
ةيبرعلا ةغللاب ينقطانلا ريغل ةيوغل تارود<br />
ةيبرعلا ةغللاب ينقطانلل ةيرادلإاو ةيفيظولا ةيئادلأا تاراهلما ريوطتل تارود<br />
يوغللا قيقدتلاو ةمجرتلا تامدخ<br />
بريح ينمأ نانح .د :فارشإ<br />
يبرعلا دهعلما - ةيبرعلا ةغللا جهانم ةريدم<br />
dwcarabicinstitute@hct.ac.ae, 04 2089530 راسفتسلااو ليجستلل
68<br />
ىلع حرتقتو ،تافاسلما بيرقت يف<br />
اذه يف ةيدج ةوطخ ذخأت نأ ةلودلا<br />
ىلإ ةيبرعلا ةغللا ملعت فيضت نأبرملأا<br />
ام رارغ ىلع بناجلأا نم اهتابلطتم<br />
يأرلا اهقفاوتو ،ةمدقتلما لودلا هلعفت<br />
يف تلافلحا تاعيبم ةذفنم موبسون ازيل<br />
ةاراملإ تمدق :لوقت ةايح دنارج قدنف<br />
ةفاقثلا وأ ةغللا ملعتو ينتنس ذنم يبد<br />
ةرودب تقحتلا ،يمودقل اطرش نكي مل<br />
ةرادإ لبق نم ةيبرعلا ةغللا ئدابم ملعت<br />
ةيبرعلا ةغللا مهف عطتسأ ملو ،قدنفلا<br />
تقو ىلإ جاتحأ ،ًادج ةبعص ةغل اهنلأ<br />
نكل ،يعامتجا كاكتحاو ةسراممو رثكأ<br />
.دعاسي لا لمعلا طغض<br />
نولاص يف ةفظوم ،ملاغ هناحير<br />
اهجامدنا مدع نأب ىرت يبد يف يئاسن<br />
لماعت مدعل ةجيتن تايتاراملإا عم<br />
ىرخلأا تايسنلجا عم تايتاراملإا<br />
ةيناتسكابلا ةيسنلجا عم وأ ديج لكشب<br />
نيدبي تايتاراملإا ،صاخ هجوب<br />
تضرعت دقل ،بابسلأا هفتلأ نهضاعتما<br />
داقتعلا نزلحا ينكلتمو ةبعص فقاولم<br />
نهيطعت نهتيسنج نأب تايتاراملإا<br />
.انايحأ ءافجب انعم نلماعتي نأب قلحا<br />
.رخآ مهم لماع ةيبرعلا ةغللا :فيضتو<br />
ةلئسلأا نم ةعومجم ىلإ دوقت فقاوم<br />
له اهنيب نم ةعورشلما تلاؤاستلاو<br />
رثأتنلا يك عقوقتن نأ ينيتارامإك انل<br />
هيف تأدب تقو يف ؟"ةلموعلاو حاتفنلااب<br />
اهقيرط دتج ةيللمحا تاعانصلا ضعب<br />
نمو ،؟قونلا تاجلثمك ةيلماعلا قوسلل<br />
ةوهقلاو كركلا يستحن انلعل يردي<br />
امك نطنشاو يف ةيتاراملإا ةيبرعلا<br />
!يبد يف ملاعلا قابطأ لكأن<br />
تاراملإا ةفاقث ىلع فرعتلل يسيئر<br />
نم كلذ ىلجتيو ،صاخ لكشب يبد وأ<br />
موقأ يتلا ةيحايسلا تلاولجا للاخ<br />
ىلع ًايلج كابترلاا ودبي ثيحب اهب<br />
ةروص طاقتلا نوديري امدنع حاوسلا<br />
مهنأب يننومهويف ينطولا يزلاب يل<br />
ةقيقلحا يف مهو ىنبملل ةروص نوطقتلي<br />
مهتفرعم مدعل ،يل ةروص نوطقتلي<br />
.ةلودلا يف حومسلما ريغو حومسلماب<br />
فعض ىلإ ينيتاراملإا ريصقت عجريو<br />
يتلا ةغللاو مهيدل ةثدالمحا ةراهم<br />
لصاوتلا نم دتح اريبك ازجاح لكشت<br />
ينيتاراملإا حصنو ،رخلآاب جامدنلااو<br />
ىري يذلا موهفلما رييغتو ةردابلماب<br />
.ايخيرات افحتم يتاراملإا<br />
يف للخ انيدل له<br />
رخلآا عم انجامدنا<br />
؟نورصقلما نحن لهو<br />
هيدل اضيأ رخلآا نأ مأ<br />
؟جامدنلاا نم ةبهر<br />
ةعماج نم ةجيرخ ،دشار ءاميش<br />
ءاقدصأ اهيدل لاصتلاا ةيلك ،ةقراشلا<br />
مهعم جمدنتو تايسنلجا فلتخم نم<br />
بناجلأا ضعب :لوقت ةيموي ةروصب<br />
ةيحتلاب رداب اذإ رخلآاب نوبحري<br />
ضعب مهنمو مهضعب نكلو ،ماستبلااو<br />
ىلع فرعتلا لبق فوختي يئاقدصأ<br />
نم مهيدل الم ؛ةيتاراملإا وأ يتاراملإا<br />
ةيتاراملإا ةفاقثلا نع ةطولغم تامولعم<br />
ىلع ةيتاراملإا ةأرلما عم لماعتلا ةيفيكو<br />
مهيدل ةمولعلما ردصمو ،صوصلخا هجو<br />
تنرتنلإا عقاوم ىلع مهثحب ىلإ دنتسم<br />
.ةيقادصلما ىلإ اهمظعم يف رقتفت يتلا<br />
مدع يف ىلولأا ةبقعلا وه ةغللا زجاح<br />
ةرمسوب ىنم دكؤت امك رخلآاب جامدنلاا<br />
ينيفاحصلا ةيعمج ماع رس ينمأ<br />
ةغللا ملعت بناجلأا ىلع هنأب ىرت يتلاو<br />
اومهاسيل ،طسبم لكشب ولو ةيبرعلا<br />
يذلا ملاعلا يف ديحولا ناكلما يبد<br />
لكشب تافاقثلا طلاتخا هيف دهاشن<br />
قداص ىري امك يباجيإو حماستم<br />
يف ةماعلا تاقلاعلا ريدم ،رارج<br />
يدل :لمكيو :ةفاحصلل يبد يدان<br />
ةقلاع مهب ينطبرت نوبرقم ءاقدصأ<br />
بعشلا ىلع تظحلاو ،ةقادصو لمع<br />
لبقتيو فايضم بعش هنأ يتاراملإا<br />
اودهش نيذلا يليج ءانبأ ةصاخ ،رخلآا<br />
ينب قرفلا نكلو ،طلاتخلاا ةفاقث ةرتف<br />
يشيع مكحبو نيدوعسلاو ينتاراملإا<br />
وه ةيدوعسلا ةيبرعلا ةكلملما يف ةرتف<br />
مهلزانلم كنوعديلا ينيتاراملإا ضعب نأ<br />
تاداعلل كلذ دوعي ابمرو ردنام لاإ<br />
.تاراملإا يف ةدئاسلا ديلاقتلاو<br />
ةرادإ مسق يف بلاط ،يمشاهلا دمحأ<br />
ةينقتلا تايلك يف ةثلاثلا ةنسلا لامعلأا<br />
رايتخا نأب ىري ،بلاطلل يبد-ايلعلا<br />
ةئيبلل دوعي هعم جمدني نلم ناسنلإا<br />
وأ ةساردلا وأ لمعلا يف تناك ءاوس<br />
يتلا يه ةكرتشلما لماوعلاف عمتجلما<br />
يف :عباتيو ،جامدنلاا ةغيص ددتح<br />
نوكي تلاحر يئاقدصأ مظني ةساردلا<br />
لصاوتلا متيو اهنم ًاءزج ةذتاسلأا<br />
يناسنلإا بنالجا ىلع فرعتلاو مهعم<br />
امك ،يعمالجا مرلحا قاطن جراخ مهيدل<br />
نوكي ةلودلا جراخ تلاحر انتيلك مظنت<br />
.تافاقثلا لدابتو فراعتلا اهضرغ<br />
رخلآا عم انجامدنا يف للخ انيدل له<br />
رخلآا نأ مأ ؟نورصقلما نحن لهو<br />
ةلئسأ ؟جامدنلاا نم ةبهر هيدل اضيأ<br />
يف يحايس دشرم ،ليبن ديلو اهراثأ<br />
ينارمعلا ثارتلا ةرادإ ،يبد ةيدلب<br />
ينيتاراملإا نم سيل ريصقتلا :فاضأو<br />
.ينتهلجا نم ريصقتلاف ،بناجلأا نم وأ<br />
عم لماعتأ ناديلما يف يلمع للاخ نم<br />
حاوسو ،ينميقم نم تتايسنلجا فلتخم<br />
ةفرعم يف ةبغرلا هيدل لكو ينيتارامإو<br />
لكشتي نكلو ،هتفاقث يف قمعتلاو رخلآا<br />
لماعتلا ةيفيك نم ينحئاسلا ىدل فوخ<br />
ةمولعلما لوصو ببسب ينيتاراملإا عم<br />
عم لالحا اذكهو ،حيحص ريغ لكشب<br />
ردصم كلانه سيل ذإ .ددلجا ينميقلما
نم كلانهف ،ضقانت كانه ،تفدرأو<br />
لوقي نم كانهو ةلزع يف اننأب دقتعي<br />
،انتيوه تبيغو رخلآا يف انبذ اننأب<br />
اهلهأ نلأ يبدل عورشم لدج اذهو<br />
.ةيلماع ةنيدم اهودارأ<br />
ةعماج نم ةجيرخ ،يمركلادبع ةراس<br />
تظحلا ،لامعأ ةرادإ مسق ،ةقراشلا<br />
ًاضيأ يعمالجا مرلحا يف رملأا اذه<br />
نلضفي اهتاذ ةيسنلجا نم تايتفلاف<br />
دق :لوقت ،نايحلأا بلغأ يف اعم لمعلا<br />
دقو ،يفاقثلا براقتلا ببسب اذه نوكي<br />
ىرخأ نكامأ يف ادوجوم اذه نوكي<br />
نكل ،اضيأ يعمالجا مرلحا جراخ<br />
ىقبت ةعمالجا يف ةرهاظلا هذه ةظحلام<br />
طلاتخلاا نأ ابمر :فيضتو ،لهسأ<br />
ققحتي ةيبرعلا تايسنلجا ىدل لعافتلاو<br />
نيدلا يف قافتلال ًارظن ربكأ ةروصب<br />
،جيللخا ءانبأ عم لالحا كلذكو ،ةغللاو<br />
طلاتخلاا يتأيو بسنلا توافتتو<br />
.ةيناثلا ةبترلما يف بناجلأاب<br />
يتلا لودلا نم دعت ةدحتلما تايلاولاو<br />
ةعانص ريدصت يف ةمئاقلا ردصتت<br />
ددع غلب ثيحب ،يبد ةراملإ ةحايسلا<br />
ةينامثلا براقيام ينيناطيربلا ينحئاسلا<br />
نم فلاآ ةسملخا براقيامو ،فلاآ<br />
.ةدحتلما تايلاولا<br />
"ةيلماع ةنيدم يبد" ةرابعو تاونس ذنم<br />
تلاحملل كباهذ دنعف ،انلوح ددرتت<br />
ظحلات كنإف اهيف ةرشتنلما ةيراجتلا<br />
تايسنلجا نم ةريبك تاعومجم ةلوهسب<br />
ةعومجم اميف ،ءارشلل تلالمحا داترت<br />
ةركذت عطقت ىرخأو ،ماعطلا لوانتت<br />
امنيب يئامنيسلا ضرعلا لوخدل<br />
يف ثيدلحا فارطأ بذاجتت ةعومجم<br />
رهجلما ةسدع انبرق ول اننأ لاإ ،يهاقلما<br />
اهولخ انيأرل تاعومجلما هذه ىلع<br />
نإف اودجو نإ نيذلا ينيتراملاإ نم<br />
رركتي دهشلما اذه .اردان نوكي مهدوجو<br />
قوس ىلإ دتيمو ةماعلا نكاملأا يف<br />
،يسلافلا ءاميش تلهتسا اذكه ،لمعلا<br />
اهثيدح ينطولا يبظوبأ كنب يف ةفظوم<br />
(تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/رطم ءارفع ريوصت) .ةفلتخم تاراضح ينب لصاوت<br />
جامدنلاا ةبهرو ةبغر ينب .يبد ءاسفيسف<br />
رطم ءارفع<br />
ةلود نم أزجتي لا ءزج يبد ةنيدم<br />
ًةنيدم دعتو ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا<br />
دمتعت ثيح لولأا زارطلا نم ةيحايس<br />
ةقدنفلا يف يقرلا تايوتسم ىلعأ ىلع<br />
ىلإ ةفاضإ ،يبنجلأا رامثتسلااو<br />
ةيراضلحا تايوتسلماو تافاقثلا ددعت<br />
تايئاصحلإل اقفو .ةيعامتجلااو<br />
ىلع يوتتح يبد ةنيدم نإف ةيمسرلا<br />
شياعتتو شيعت ةفلتخم ةيسنج 200<br />
شيعي ةبسنلا هذه مضخ يفو ،ملاسب<br />
مهتبسن زواجتت لا نيذلا تاراملإا ءانبأ<br />
ةرئادل تايئاصحإ رخآ يف 12%<br />
يف ينارمعلا طيطختلاو ءاصحلإا<br />
قايسلا سفن يفو .2010 ماعل يبد<br />
قيوستلاو ةحايسلا ةرئاد تنلعأ دقف<br />
يف ،يبد ةموكحو ،يبد يف يراجتلا<br />
تفاضتسا يبد قدانف نأب يفحص ربخ<br />
ماع يف ارئاز نويلم 8,684,387<br />
يف 7845819 نم رثكأ ةدايزب 2010<br />
نأب ًاضيأ ربلخا لمشو .2009 ماع<br />
ةيدوعسلاو ناريإو دنهلاو ةدحتلما ةكلملما<br />
69
70<br />
نل يننأب تفشتكا حئاصن ةدع دعب<br />
ةلوتفلما تلاضعلا يذ مسلجا ققحأ<br />
تأدب .تلامكلماو تاطشنلما هذه نود<br />
تاراسفتسا دعب تاطشنلما ىطاعتأ<br />
راضمو دئاوف نع ةمات ةياردو ةلماش<br />
.تاطشنلما<br />
بوبح لامعتسا يف ًلاوأ تأدب<br />
ةلحرلم تلقتنا كلذ دعبو ،ةينيملأا<br />
تأرق يننأ نم مغرلا ىلعو ،تاطشنلما<br />
ةطبترلما ةرطلخا تامولعلماو قئاقلحا<br />
،ينعدري مل كلذ نكل ،تاطشنلماب<br />
نيرهش لوأ يف ،اهلامعتسا تعباتو<br />
تظحلا تاطشنملل يلامعتسا نم<br />
يرهظو يهجو ىلع بابشلا بح روهظ<br />
ةعرسب تسسحأ اضيأو ريبك لكشب<br />
نع هثيدح رصان لمكيو،يبلق تاقد<br />
يب رثؤتس اهنأ فرعأ تنك:تاطشنلما<br />
اريبك حبصأو رمعلا يف مدقتأ امدنع<br />
ضارو ًايلاح ديعس يننكلو ،نسلا يف<br />
مغرلا ىلع ،يجرالخا يمسج لكش نع<br />
يف يل ثدحيس ام فرعأ يننأ نم<br />
لثم تاطشنلما نكلو ،مايلأا نم موي<br />
ةلوهسب اهنع علقت نأ نكيملا ةراجيسلا<br />
نأ ثيح ،اهرطاخم نم مغرلا ىلع<br />
ببست اهنأ اهيلع بتُك رئاجسلا ةبلع<br />
ليختف ،ضارملأا نم ريثكلاو ناطرسلا<br />
ركذي مل يتلا تاطشنلما نع اذام يعم<br />
:هلوقب هثيدح يهنيو ؟ريذتح يأ اهيلع<br />
رارقلا ذاختا يف تعرست يننأ فرتعأ<br />
اذل ،ةيبطلا تاداشرلإاب ثارتكلاا نود<br />
نع داعتبلااب ينيضايرلا عيمج حصنأ<br />
.تاطشنلما<br />
.يرهظ<br />
غلبي ةلاصلا يف ينبردتلما دحأرصان<br />
تدب ،اماع نيرشع و سمخ رمعلا نم<br />
همسج قسانت ةدش نم ةحضاو هقورع<br />
هتصق انل درسي رصان أدب .هتماخضو<br />
يف بردتأ تأدب:احزام تاطشنلما عم<br />
ةلماك ةنس تلمكأ ،ينتنس ذنم ةلاصلا<br />
روطت يأ ظلحأ ملو ةقاش نيراتم عم<br />
امنيب ،يمسج تلاضعو لكش يف<br />
،ةرتفلا سفن يف مضنا يذلا يقيدص<br />
.ةلوتفلما تلاضعلا باحصأ نم حبصأ<br />
ىتح هلعف يذلا ام بردلما لأسأ تأدب<br />
ةملكب بردلما ينباجأ و ؟اذكه حبصأ<br />
".تاطشنلما " ةدحاو<br />
لالخ تاطشنلما ببست<br />
يف نومرهلا ماظن يف<br />
ثيح ناسنلإا مسج<br />
ىلع رثؤت نأ نكيم<br />
ومنلا نومره ليكشت<br />
نكيمو ،مسلجا يف<br />
لكاشم ببست نأ اضيأ<br />
:لثم بابشلل ةيسفن<br />
جازلما يف تابلقت<br />
يناودعلا كولسلاو<br />
نزلحاو ،بائتكلااو<br />
ةقثلا ةلقو ،بعتلاو<br />
.سفنلاب<br />
بردلما هلاق ام بعوتسأ مل ةيادبلا يف<br />
رورم عم نكلو ،ًامامتها هرعأ ملو<br />
نوثدحتي بابشلا عمسأ تأدب مايلأا<br />
مهدحأ ينءاج ىتح تاطشنلما نع<br />
ينحصنيو تاطشنلما نع ينثدحيل<br />
نكل ةركفلا تضفر ةيادبلا يف .اهب<br />
نع لقت لا ةينمز ةدبم ةلوطب لك لبق<br />
مغرلابو هنأ ىلإ راشأ امك ،رهشأ ةثلاث<br />
تاطشنملل هلامعتسا ةرتف نأ نم<br />
اهنأ فرتعي هنأ لاإ ،ًادج ةريصق تناك<br />
.ةيحصلا هتلاح ىلع اريبك أرثأ تكرت<br />
تاينيعستلا ةيادب يف :لائاق فاضأ<br />
انكو ةلودلا وزغت دويلوهلا ملافأ تأدب<br />
ةريبكلا ماسجلأا يوذ لاطبلأا دهاشن<br />
انأدب اهنيحو ،ةلوتفلما تلاضعلاو<br />
،مهماسجأب كلذ اولعف فيك لءاستن<br />
ازئاح اهتقو ناك يذلا دلونرأ اصوصخ<br />
.تقولا كلذ يف يبلموأ رتسم ةلوطب ىلع<br />
ىلإ باهذلا يف بابشلا أدب اهدعب<br />
بيردتلاو ةيضايرلا باعللأا تلااص<br />
،جئاتن ةيأ نود نكلو ،رهشأ ةدعل<br />
.لؤاستلا تاملاع تأدبو<br />
ةحنم هيدل بلاط ىلإ ءاج ،ةرتف دعب<br />
يل حابو ةدحتلما تايلاولا يف ةيسارد<br />
ىلإ يداعلا لجرلا ريغي يذلا رسلاب<br />
،ةلوتفم تلاضع يذ قلامع ناسنإ<br />
نأ لواحي نأ ددرت نود هنم تبلطف<br />
ىبلف ،ةيرحسلا تاطشنلماب ينيتأي<br />
تأدب ،ديرأ ام يناطعأو بلطلا يل<br />
ةيبط ةفصو نود تاطشنلما لامعتساب<br />
امسج تينب نأ ىلإ تاداشرإ وا<br />
تأدب ثيح 2001 ماع ىتح ،اقلامع<br />
اهلوأو ،روهظلاب ةيبنالجا راثلآا ضعب<br />
ةدلم فقوتأ ينتلعج يرهظ يف ةباصإ<br />
ضارعلأا ةلحر تأدبو ،فصنو ةنس<br />
ملالآا ضعبب ترعش امدنع ةيبنالجا<br />
مللأا أدب مايلأا رورم عمو ،يرهظ يف<br />
ادج ةئيس يتلاح تحبصأ ثيح ديازتي<br />
ىفشتسلما ىلإ باهذلا تررق اهدنع<br />
.بيبطلا ةعجارلم<br />
جئاتنلا ترهظأ ،تاصوحف ةدع دعب<br />
وه ربلخا ناكو يل ةريبك ةمدص<br />
يننأ عم ،يتيلك يف فافج لوصح<br />
يحصلا لكلأا ىلع ابظاوم تنك<br />
نع فقوتلا تررق اهدعب ،ءالما برشو<br />
يتلاح تداع ةدم دعب ،تاطشنلما ذخأ<br />
تقولا كلذ ذنمو ،اهتعيبط ىلإ ةيحصلا<br />
مدختسيلا نأب بعلا يأ حصنأ و<br />
لا رضالحا تقولا يف ،تاطشنلما<br />
يهو ةلضفلما يتبعلل دوعأ نأ عيطتسأ<br />
يف مئادلا مللأا ببسب ماسجلاا لامك
ةئيه ءانبل تاطشنلما نومدختسي<br />
ةيوق جئاتن ىلع نولصحي ةينامسج<br />
تافص نمو ،عساو قاطن ىلع ةعيرسو<br />
ىلع رهظت يتلا ةيجرالخا مسلجا<br />
ةخفتنم نطب ةلضع تاطشنلما يطاعتم<br />
يطاعتلم يلكلا مجلحاف ،ةريدستمو<br />
حضاو لكشب اريبك نوكي تاطشنلما<br />
يطاعتلما هجو نوكي كلذك ،تفلمو<br />
.اريبكو اريدتسم<br />
ةيعوتل ةلمح ءاشنلإ ةسام ةجاح كلانه<br />
تاطشنلما تايبلسو رطاخبم بابشلا<br />
لبق نم ةوطلخا هذه أدبت نأ نكيم و<br />
،ةسردلما يف ينملعلماو ،ءابطلأاو ،ءابلآا<br />
بجي .ةيضايرلا تلااصلاو ةموكلحاو<br />
تاطشنلما ريثأت فرعي نأ بلاطلا ىلع<br />
ىلع نوكي نأ هيلعو ،هدسج ىلع<br />
نم ةيمك كلاهتسا نأب هياردو ملع<br />
لا اهنأ امك ةلوهسب هلتقت دق تاطشنلما<br />
ينحجان ينيضايرلا نم لعتج نأ نكيم<br />
خسري ثيحب ،ةيضايرلا مهتايح يف<br />
لامعتسا عم لماعتلا نأ هنهذ يف<br />
ريوطتل ةيقلاخأ ريغ ةليسو تاطشنلما<br />
تلامح ميظنت اضيأ لضفي .مسلجا<br />
سرادلماو تايلكلا يف رثكأ ةيعوت<br />
كلاهتسا ءوس ريثأت لوح يعولا رشنل<br />
ينعتي ثيح بلاطلا ينب تاطشنلما<br />
اهببست يتلا لكاشلما اوفرعي نأ مهيلع<br />
نإف كلذك ،ليوطلا ىدلما ىلع تاطشنلما<br />
ةلمحب مايقلا يف اريبك ارود ملاعلإل<br />
يعامتجلاا لصاوتلا تاكبش ىلع ةيعوت<br />
.كوبسيفلاو رتيوتلا لثم<br />
ةبعل نأ انمعز اذإ ةغلابلما نم سيل<br />
نود تاراملإا ةلود يف ماسجلأا لامك<br />
ردان رمأ تاطشنلماو تلامكلما مادختسا<br />
مزلجا نكيم لا هنإف ،كلذ عم ،ثودلحا<br />
ريغ يعيبطلا ماسجلأا لامك بعلا نأب<br />
ادج بعصي .اذه اننمز يف دوجوم<br />
لامك بعلا ناك اذإ ام ىلع مكلحا<br />
مأ يعيبط بعلا اقح وه ماسجلأا<br />
ءاقل ءارجإب انمق .تاطشنملل طاعتم<br />
ةيضايرلا ةلاصلا يف دمحأ بردلما عم<br />
ناك .تاطشنلما عم هتبرتج نع انربخيل<br />
تلاوطبلا ضعب زرحأ دق دمحأ بردلما<br />
تاطشنلما لوانتي ناكو ،تانيعستلا يف<br />
نادقف :لثم ءاسنلا ينب لكاشم ببسي<br />
،توصلا يف ظلغو ،مسلجا تاينحنم<br />
لامتحاو ،ةيرهشلا ةرودلا لكاشمو<br />
.علصلاو اهعاطقنا<br />
رضالحا تقولا يف<br />
دوعأ نأ عيطتسأ لا<br />
يهو ةلضفلما يتبعلل<br />
ببسب ماسجلأا لامك<br />
.يرهظ يف مئادلا مللأا<br />
ينيضايرلا لبق نم ةيودلأا هذه ذخؤت<br />
مهحنتمو بيردتلا يف مهدعاست اهنلأ<br />
ضارعلأا لمحتل نودعتسم مهف ؛ةوقلا<br />
.اهجئاتن ىلع لوصلحا لباقم ةيبنالجا<br />
ءانبل ةبعل ماسجلأا لامك ةبعل دعت<br />
تحبصأ اهنأ لاإ ،تلاضعلا ةيمنتو<br />
يف ةضايرلا عاونأ نم اعون اضيأ<br />
تاقباسم كانهو ،رضالحا تقولا<br />
ذإ ،ماسجلأا لامك ةبعلل ةيمسر<br />
تلااص ىلع اهتسرامم رصتقتلا<br />
مجح صيلقتوأ ةدايز فدهبو ؛بيردتلا<br />
مادختسا متي ،اهليكشتو تلاضعلا<br />
لماكتم مسج ىلإ لوصولل تاطشنلما<br />
،كلذ عمو ةسفانملل تلاضعلا لوتفمو<br />
ةرورض سيل تاطشنلما مادختسا نإف<br />
.فدهلا اذه قيقحتل<br />
ابولسأ دعت ماسجلأا لامك ةبعل نإ<br />
ةوقلاو تلاضعلا ريوطتل مدختسي<br />
نمو ،تاطشنلما مادختسا نود ةيندبلا<br />
ريقاقع كلاهتسا نود همسج ينبي<br />
ةبعل يف ةيئاذغلا تلامكم وأ ةطشنم<br />
قاش لمع ىلإ جاتحيس ماسجلأا لامك<br />
.ةوجرلما جئاتنلا ىلع لوصحلل<br />
ماسجلأا لامك بعلا ينب قرف كانه<br />
مدختسي يذلا بعلالا ينبو ،يعيبطلا<br />
بعلالا دعي ثيح ،تاطشنلما<br />
ىوقلأا تاطشنلما مدختسي يذلا<br />
نيذلا صاخشلأاف ،ةسفانلما يف<br />
بابشلا لبق نم تاطشنلما كلهتست<br />
،ًةداع .مسجلل يجرالخا لكشلا ءانبل<br />
قيرط نع تاطشنلما هذه يمدقت متي<br />
نيذلا لاجرلا ءلاؤهل ةيبط ةفصو<br />
نومره جاتنإ يف لكاشم نوهجاوي<br />
.نوريتسوتستلا<br />
تافصو نود تاطشنلما كلاهتسا دعي<br />
ىلع ًادج ريطخ ةيبط ةراشتساوا<br />
ةيبلس راثآ ىلإ يدؤيو ،ةحصلا<br />
تاطشنلما مادختسا حبصأ .ةحضاو<br />
مادختسا ديازت دقو يلماع قلق ردصم<br />
ينيضايرلا ريغو ينيضايرلا ينب ةيودلأا<br />
يئادّعو ،ماسجلاا لامك باحصأو ،<br />
نم تاجاردلا يبكارو ةليوطلا تافاسلما<br />
ليمجو باذج لكش ىلع لوصلحا لجأ<br />
.ةقاطلا نم ديزلما ىلع لوصلحاو<br />
نم تاطشنلما كلاهتسا يدؤي دقو<br />
ةريطخ تلااح ىلإ يبط هيجوت نود<br />
نكيم يتلا ضارملأا نم ديدعلا كانهف<br />
يف لكاشم لثم تاطشنلما اهببست نأ<br />
.ةيبلقلا تابونلاو ،ناطرسلاو ،دبكلا<br />
ةيلكلا يف راجفنا لصحي دق ًاضيأ<br />
ةدعلما يف يلخاد فزنب ببستي امم<br />
نإف كلذك ،ةريثك ىرخأ ضارمأو<br />
ماظن ىلع اراض اريثأت تاطشنملل<br />
مسج يف ةيومدلا ةيعولأاو بلقلا<br />
.ناسنلإا<br />
ماظن يف لالخ تاطشنلما ببست<br />
نكيم ثيح ناسنلأا مسج يف نومرهلا<br />
يف ومنلا نومره ليكشت ىلع رثؤت نأ<br />
لكاشم ببست نأ اضيأ نكيمو ،مسلجا<br />
جازلما يف تابلقت :لثم بابشلل ةيسفن<br />
نزلحاو ،بائتكلااو ،يناودعلا كولسلاو<br />
.سفنلاب ةقثلا ةلقو ،بعتلاو<br />
ةمجانلا ةيسيئرلا ةيبنالجا راثلآا نم<br />
لبق نم ينجوردنلأا طشنم كلاهتسا نع<br />
،لوبتلارسعو ،مدلا رثخت لاجرلا<br />
تاناويلحا جاتنإ ضافخناو ،علصلاو<br />
طغض عافتراو ،زجعلاو ،ةيونلما<br />
مدلا يف لورتسيلوكلا عافتراو مدلا<br />
ةباصلإا رطخو ،ةيبلقلا تابونلاو<br />
تابارطضلاا ةدايزو ،ىلكلا ضارمأب<br />
نأ نكيم نومرهلا اذه نأ امك ،ةيسفنلا<br />
71
72<br />
،تاطشنلما نم عاونأ ةثلاث كانه<br />
ينجوردنلأا،كيلوبانلأا<br />
عاونلأا هذه مسقنت ،ديوريتسوكيتروكو<br />
.تاطشنلما نم ىرخأ عاونأ ةثلاث ىلإ<br />
طشنلما اذه ربتعي :كيلوبانأ طشنم<br />
نم دمتسيو ،امادختساو اعويش رثكلأا<br />
دعاسي يذلا نوريتسوتستلا نومره<br />
،تلاضعلا يف ينتوربلا ايلاخ ونم يف<br />
رهظلما ينسحتل كيلوبانلأا مدختسي امك<br />
ينجوردنأ طشنلما امأ ،لاجرلل يجرالخا<br />
نوريتسوتستلا نومره ىلع يوتحيف<br />
لكش ىلع لوصلحا يف دعاسي يذلا<br />
ديوريتسوكيتروكلا امنيب ،يلوجر<br />
جلاع لثم ةدع ضارغلأ مدختسيف<br />
يف لكاشمو وبرلاو ةيساسلحا ضارمأ<br />
.ايمزكلأاو ىلكلا<br />
قحلا تقو يفو 1767 ماع يف ءاودلا<br />
)دلونرأ فلودأ( ىرجأ 1849 ماع نم<br />
هريثأت ترهظأ يتلا براجتلا ضعب<br />
ماظنلا ىلع ريثأت هل ،مدلا ىلع ريبكلا<br />
عرتخا 1889 ماع يف .هلمكأب يوضعلا<br />
زاومو كاحم لوأ نوارب دراودإ زلراشت<br />
ىلع يوتتح يتلا ةجتنلما داوملل يئاود<br />
.نوريتسوتستلا نومره<br />
امدقت بطلا زرحأ 1931 ماع يف ًاقحلا<br />
يئاودلا روطتلا ناديم يف ايقيقح<br />
ةيلمع فلودأ ثحابلا دجو امدنع<br />
كلذ ذنمو ،نونتسوردنأ نومرهل ةقيقد<br />
لوح يرتج ثاحبلأا نم ديزلماو تقولا<br />
.هتاذ عوضولما<br />
)تابلاطلل يبد ةيلك /اضرلا دمحم ميمصت(.بارتقلاا عونمم<br />
(تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/ةبيشلا للهادبع ريوصت) .ةفلتلمخا تاطشنلما<br />
مويلا بابشو تاطشنلما<br />
ةبيشلا هللادبع<br />
مسلجا ىلع ديازتلما بلطلل ًارظن<br />
هذه يف نوقهارلما ىعسي ،قسانتلما<br />
باذج مسج ىلع لوصلحا مايلأا<br />
علطتي رصع يف نحن كلذل ؛قسانتمو<br />
ماسجلأا لاكشأ ىلإ بابشلا هيف<br />
.ةحصلا عوضوبم مامتهلاا نود<br />
ىطاعت ىلإ نوعلطتي ينقهارلما مظعم<br />
ةعيرسلا اهجئاتنل ارظن تاطشنلما<br />
مسلجا لكش رييغت يف ةشهدلما<br />
اهرطاخم ىلع فرعتلا نود يجرالخا<br />
.ةيبنالجا اهراثآب فاك يعو نودو<br />
يوضع بكرم )ديوريتسلا( تاطشنلما<br />
)ينجولكيس( تاقلح ىلع يوتحي<br />
لصأ ربتعيو يمدق بكرم وهو ،ةطبارتم<br />
اذهل يئدبلما فاشتلاا تم .تاطشنلما
مدق ةرك بعلاك هقوقح نع هركف ةيأ<br />
يتلا بقاوعلا عيمج هترسأ تلمتحو<br />
.هتافو دعب تبترت<br />
يف بلاط ًاماع ٢٢ دشار دمحم<br />
لوقي ةقراشلا يف ةيكريملأا ةعمالجا<br />
لاجاع اهتياهن ىلإ يتأت مدقلا ةرك ةنهم<br />
بابسلأا نم ددع دوجو ببسب ،لاجآ وأ<br />
ةبهولما نادقفو ،تاباصلإا كلذ يف ابم<br />
صخشلا عنيم امم ؛نسلا يف مدقتلا وأ<br />
ةبسانم هيملع ةجرد نود .بعللا نم<br />
ىلع روثعلا بعصلا نم نوكي فوس<br />
نم عيطتست يتلا ةديلجا ةفيظولا<br />
قلق وأ فواخم نود شيعلا اهللاخ<br />
نوكأ نأ ىنتمأ :لائاق دمحم فيضي<br />
هسفن تقولا يف نكلو مدق ةرك بعلا<br />
رخآ يفيظو بناج يل نوكي نأ ديرأ<br />
نع تفقوت لاح يف ةليدب ةطخك نوكي<br />
دكأتلل ةجاحب انأف ،ام موي يف بعللا<br />
نود ةيرارمتسلاا ىلع رداق يننأ نم<br />
ميلعتلا لامكتسلا ناولأا تفي مل .تابقع<br />
كتقوو كتايح سركت نأ لاإ كيلع امف<br />
.ربكأ ةعفنبم كيلع دوعي يذلا ءيشلل<br />
نم يناعي فيس ،رضالحا تقولا يف<br />
ةينهلما هتايح ترمد قاسلا يف ةباصإ<br />
يف طارفلإا ببسب مدقلا ةرك يف<br />
زوفلا يف ةبغرلا درجلم هسفن فازنتسا<br />
يرودلا تايرابم مهأ نم ةدحاو يف<br />
ةيميلعت ةداهش لمحي لا هنلأو ؛ريبكلا<br />
ةفيظو ىلع روثعلا ىلع ارداق نكي مل<br />
فسأي هنإ .هترسأ ةلاعلإ ؛ةبسانم<br />
عفادب هذختا يذلا عرستلما هرارقل<br />
فيس ركفي مل ،لالما ىلع لوصلحا<br />
هناكمإب ناك ول .تقولا كلذ يف هرارقب<br />
رظتنيس ناك فللخا ىلإ نامزلاب ةدوعلا<br />
ةداهشلا ىلع لوصحلل تاونس عضب<br />
ةفيظولا ىلع لوصلحاو ةيميلعتلا<br />
ةايحو تباث يرهش لخدب هبسانلما<br />
.هترسلأ ةرقتسم<br />
مدقلا ةرك يبعلال يعامتجلاا ينمأتلا<br />
يف ىرخلأا تاعاطقلا يقاب لثم<br />
ةيعامتجلاا ةدعاسلما مدقت لاو ،دلابلا<br />
تانامضلاو قوقلحاب امامتها يلوت لاو<br />
لضفأ ةايح مهل رفوت يتلا ةيعامتجلاا<br />
.ةريطلخا تاباصلإا ةلاح يف<br />
دوجو ةيمهأ ىلع اضيأ ددشي ديعس<br />
مدقلا ةرك يبعلا لبقتسلم ةيكذ ةطخ<br />
بعلم ةرداغلم مهرارطضا لبق ،مهرسأو<br />
هيأر يف عوضولما اذهف ،مدقلا ةرك<br />
هليصافت عيمجب شقاني نأ بجيو مهم<br />
يتلا ةيملأا نم ينبعلالا ءلاؤه ذاقنلإ<br />
عوضوم حرط يغبني امك ،اهيف نوشيعي<br />
وه نيأ ،ةلءاسملل يعامتجلاا نامضلا<br />
؟مدقلا ةرك يبعلال يعامتجلاا نامضلا<br />
لاؤسلا اذه ىلع درلا متي نأ بجي<br />
.هب ةطبترم ةلئسأ ةدعو<br />
مدقلا ةرك يبعلا نإ<br />
نع ريثكلا نوفرعي لا<br />
ىلع ةبترتلما بقاوعلا<br />
مدقلا ةرك ةنهم رايتخا<br />
لوصلحا نع يلختلاوأ<br />
ميلعت ةجرد ىلع<br />
بتارلا ببسب ةبسانم<br />
يذلا يرغلما يرهشلا<br />
نم براقي ام ىلإ لصي<br />
.مهرد 100،000<br />
ةرك بعلا ناك ،للها همحر دعس ملاس<br />
بابشلا يدان عم هراوشم أدب ،مدق<br />
قحلا تقو يف رصنلا يدان ىلإ لقتناو<br />
ةركل ةارابم فصتنم يف تولما هجاو<br />
عم مئاد عارص يف هتلئاع كرتو ،مدقلا<br />
ىلع ئطالخا هدامتعلا ؛ةيلالما تابلطتلما<br />
ملاس .هترسلأ اديحو لاخد مدقلا ةرك<br />
هيدل نكي ملو يساردلا هميلعت لمكي مل<br />
مدقلا ةرك بعل ،ةيتاراملإا مدقلا ةرك<br />
يدانو ينطولا تاراملإا بختنم عم<br />
1980 فصتنم ىلإ 1970 نم لصولا<br />
1988 ماع يف ميكحتلا ةنلج ىلإ مضنا<br />
لللمحا حبصأ كلذ دعب .2001 ماع ىتح<br />
لبق ةقراشلا نويزفلت يف يضايرلا<br />
تلاوطب ثلاث يف ديعس كراش ،هدعاقت<br />
،بقللا ةلوطب زرحأو ،ىربك جيلخ<br />
يدانل تلاوطب عبرأب زوفلا يف مهاس<br />
ميكحتلل ريدقت ىلع لصح ،لصولا<br />
ينلللمحا مهأ نم ادحاو ربتعيو،يلودلا<br />
.دلابلا يف ةبعلل ينحجانلا<br />
ةرك يبعلا نإف ،قباسلا للحملل اقفو<br />
بقاوعلا نع ريثكلا نوفرعي لا مدقلا<br />
مدقلا ةرك ةنهم رايتخا ىلع ةبترتلما<br />
ةجرد ىلع لوصلحا نع يلختلاوأ<br />
يرهشلا بتارلاب اعمط ةبسانم ميلعت<br />
نم براقي ام ىلإ لصي يذلا يرغلما<br />
تسيل ةلكشلما نإ :مهرد 100،000<br />
يف انه انتفاقث يف نكلو ،ينبعلالا يف<br />
مدقلا ةرك يبعلا مظعم ،تاراملإا ةلود<br />
يف صقن نم نوناعي ليلجا اذه نم<br />
نع زجعتس مدقلا ةركف اذل ،ميلعتلا<br />
يرصعلا روطتلا يف نمزلا ةرك ةاراجم<br />
لوصلحا نود نم دلبلا اذه يف انه<br />
ىلعو ،ةفرعلما نم ةبسانم رداصم ىلع<br />
تانينيامثلاو تاينيعبسلا ليج سكع<br />
ةلمح نم ينبعلالا مظعم ناك ثيح<br />
.ةيعمالجا وأ ةماعلا ةيوناثلا تاداهش<br />
ةبسن ىلع روثعلا كنكيم :عباتيو<br />
بابشلا ينبعلالا ىدل ةيملأا نم ةيلاع<br />
نلأ مدقلا ةرك لاجم يف ينئشانلا<br />
.ةسردلما ىلإ نوبهذي لا مهنم ديدعلا<br />
مدقلا ةرك يداون نإف :ييأر يف<br />
ةيملأا رصع ىلإ ينبعلالا ءلاؤه تبحس<br />
ارداق نوكي نل مهنم ًايأ نأ ثيح<br />
ةقيرطبو ٍ ديج ىوتسبم لصاوتلا ىلع<br />
ينب ةنراقملل لاجم كانه سيل ،ةحيحص<br />
لوصلحا ينبو مدقلا ةرك بعلا لخد<br />
ةركلا بعلاف ، ةيعمالجا ةداهشلا ىلع<br />
هتايح نم اماع نيرشع بعلي فوس<br />
نم اهتياهنل ةينهلما هتايح لصت فوسو<br />
.ءادلأا نع زجع وأ ةباصإ للاخ<br />
مدقلا ةرك يداون رفوت لا ،ظلحا ءوسلو<br />
73
74<br />
ةدلم فقوتلا ىلع ينتربجأ ةيحارج<br />
تاميلعتل ًارظن ةيلاتتم رهشأ ةعبس<br />
جلاعلا ةرتف ءاهتنا دعب صتخلما بيبطلا<br />
عوجرلل ىوقأ زفاحب بيردتلل تدع<br />
يسفن ريضحتل ةباصلإا لبق ام ىوتسلم<br />
.مداقلا مسوملل<br />
تاراملإا حتفتس امدنع :رساي فاضأ<br />
باهذلل ينبعلال لاجلما ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا<br />
يف ةفرتحم داون ٍ يف ةكراشلما و<br />
ةركلا ىوتسم روطتي فوس جرالخا<br />
مدقت لاثلما ليبس ىلعف ،تاراملإا يف<br />
بعلل بلطب مكلا نادمح ليمزلا بعلالا<br />
.يسنرفلا نويل يدان قيرف عم<br />
يف بلاط ،اماع 22 ،نماغلا ميهاربإ<br />
نويللمحا نوبعلالا :لوقي قوقلحا ةيلك<br />
نولصحي يتلا تآفاكلما لك نوقحتسي<br />
انتفاقث نم ءزج مدقلا ةرك نلأ ؛اهيلع<br />
هذه ىلع نوظفاحي مدقلا ةرك يبعلا و<br />
تلاوطبلا نوققحيو ةيضايرلا ةفاقثلا<br />
نأ نودقتعي نورخآ :فيضيو ،ةلودلل<br />
ًادج ريثك مدقلا ةرك بعلا هينجي ام<br />
ضرأ يف دوهج نم هدهاشن ابم ًةنراقم<br />
.بعللما<br />
لمعي اماع 25 يتارامإ ،دمحأ دلاخ<br />
ةرك وبعلا :لوقي ةحلسلما تاوقلا يف<br />
بولطلما لكشلاب نودؤيلاو نوللدم مدقلا<br />
مهنإ :دلاخ فيضي ،بعللما ضرأ ىلع<br />
تآفاكلماو لاوملأا هذه لك نوقحتسيلا<br />
. اهيلع نولصحي يتلا<br />
ةيتاراملإا مدقلا ةركل عيرسلا روطتلا<br />
لودلاب ًةنراقم ًادج ائيطب ربتعي<br />
مدقلا ةرك ءادأ ،ظلحا ءوسل ،ىرخلأا<br />
حيحص ،أوسلأا ىلإ هجتي ةيتاراملإا<br />
انلاقتنا نكلو ،ًاينهم نومدقتم اننأ<br />
طيطخت نود تم فارتحلال عيرسلا<br />
ققحن نأ انل فيك ببسلا اذهلو ديج<br />
نأ دقتعأ ؟ةنهلما هذه يف جئاتنلا لضفأ<br />
لضفأ يف تناك ةيتراملإا مدقلا ةرك<br />
لللمحا ىري اذكه ،قباسلا يف اهجئاتن<br />
.للهادبع ديعس يضايرلا<br />
ةرك يبعلا لضفأ نم دحاو وه ديعس<br />
خيرات يف ينلللمحاو ،ينمكلمحاو ،مدقلا<br />
ديحولاو لولأا يملح ناك دقل :رغصلا<br />
ًارظن ،تاونس سمخ يرمع ناك نأ ذنم<br />
يننوربكي نيذلا يتوخإ عيمج نأ ىلإ<br />
يف لاطبأ مهو مدق ةرك وبعلا ًانس<br />
.ةبعللا<br />
لاجلما يه مدقلا ةرك ،رسايل اقفو<br />
مغرلا ىلع هيف هسفن ىري يذلا ديحولا<br />
ةنهم يه ةمهلما هذه :رطاخلما عيمج نم<br />
رئاس لثم تسيلو ريصقلا ىدلما ىلع<br />
لصن ىتح بعلن اننإ ،ىرخلأا فئاظولا<br />
،ابيرقت ينثلاثلاو ةسمالخا نس ىلإ<br />
امك زجنن نأو بعلن نأ نكيم لا ثيح<br />
.قباسلا يف<br />
صخشلا ناك اذإ<br />
هتسارد يف لاشاف<br />
ةيندتم هتاجردو<br />
ةرك يدانب قحتليسف<br />
فده ليجستل مدقلا<br />
ىلع رداق هنأ هرعشي<br />
.حاجنلا<br />
ةرك نأ اضيأ رساي دقتعي كلذ عمو<br />
هدلاب ةمدلخ هل ةبسنلاب ةليسو يه مدقلا<br />
تايدحتلا نإ :عمتجملل لضفلأا يمدقتو<br />
لمعلا اذه عم يتأت يتلا تابقعلاو<br />
قحتسن ،مدق ةرك يبعلاك ،انتلعج<br />
ببسب اهيلع لصحن يتلا تآفاكلما<br />
انيلع مكتح يتلا ةيضايرلا فورظلا<br />
بيردتلا ضرغل روهشلاب انرسأ كرتب<br />
اينطو مدقلا ةرك تايرابم يف بعللاو<br />
.ايلودو<br />
لوتح يتلا قئاوعلا ربكأ نم ةدحاو<br />
نأ لامتحا وه ينبعلالا حانج نود<br />
ىرخأ ةرم بعللا ىلع ًارداق نوكي لا<br />
بعللما يف ثدتح يتلا تاباصلإا ببسب<br />
ةباصلإ تضرعت ،يضالما ماعلا يفف<br />
ةيلمعب مايقلل تررطضاو يتبكر يف<br />
بابسلأا ضعب نم نإف يبد يف ةيدنلأا<br />
تاجردلاو رقفلا ةرهاظلا هذهل ةيسيئرلا<br />
بعلم نإف يلاتلابو ،ةسردلما يف ةئيسلا<br />
عتمتلل ديحولا مهقيرط وه مدقلا ةرك<br />
مايقلا كيلع ام لك ،ةلهسلا ةايلحاب<br />
لثم حبصتل اراهنو لايل بردتلا وه هب<br />
،ينايلطلا ناندع روهشلما ةركلا بعلا<br />
ةركلا خيرات يف ينبعلالا لضفأ دحأ<br />
لهأتلا فده لجس يذلاو ةيتاراملإا<br />
.١٩٩٠ ةنس ايلاطيإ يف ملاعلا سأكل<br />
تاراملإا ةلود يف مدقلا ةرك ماظن<br />
كلت نع ًاماتم فلتخي ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا<br />
كانه نوبعلالا .برغلا يف ةمظنلأا<br />
عون يأ ىلإ مامضنلاا مهنكيم لا<br />
تناك اذإ ةسردلما يف ةضايرلا نم<br />
يف اولشف اذإ وأ ةئيس مهتاجرد<br />
ريمس لاق ،ةيمازللإا داولما نم يأ<br />
جرالخا يف سرد يذلا بلاطلا ،ينسح<br />
بلطلا :هتايح نم تاونس عبس ةدلم<br />
احجان بلاطلا نكي ملام ايئاقلت ضفري<br />
ماظن ذيفنت :ريمس فاضأ ،اييمداكأ<br />
ىلع يننمدلماو مدقلا ةرك يبعلال لثامم<br />
ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود يف ةضايرلا<br />
.ًايباجيإ ًاريثأت ثدحي فوس ةدحتلما<br />
اهنإ :يتارامإ لثمم ،يبويلأا رمع لوقي<br />
ىلع لوصحلل عيملجا اهانمتي ةنهم<br />
فوفحم اهقيرط نكلو ،رقتسم لخد<br />
ةرك بعلا باصي امدنعف ،رطاخلماب<br />
ىتح هلامهإ متي ةارابم للاخ مدقلا<br />
اذإف ديدج نم هتوقو هتيفاع درتسي<br />
ىلع ثحبلا هيلعف ،هتباصإ أربت مل<br />
هنكلو ديج يرهش لخدب ىرخأ هفيظو<br />
ةجردلا نود اهيلع روثعلا عطتسي نل<br />
اذإ :رمع فيضيو ،ةمزلالا ةيميلعتلا<br />
،هتسارد يف لاشاف صخشلا ناك<br />
ةرك يدانب قحتليسف ةيندتم هتاجردو<br />
رداق هنأب هرعشي فده ليجستل مدق<br />
.حاجنلا ىلع<br />
بعلا ،ًاماع ٢٦ بحاص رطم رساي<br />
يدان يف ًايلاح بعلي حومط مدق ةرك<br />
ةداهش ىلع لصاح ،يتاراملإا ةريزلجا<br />
راسم ذختا رساي .ةماعلا ةيوناثلا<br />
ذنم ريبكلا هفغشل هتدارإب مدقلا ةرك
؟ضماغ لبقتسم مأ كابشلا يف فده<br />
ىلإ نوؤجلي ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا<br />
ينفرتحملل مدقلا ةرك يداونل مامضنلاا<br />
ةورثلا ىلإ لوصولل رصتخم قيرطك<br />
لبقتسلماو يلاعلا ميلعتلا مهءارو ينكرات<br />
يف . مللحا فده ليجستل نومضلما<br />
نوثلاثو ةثلاث ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود<br />
عنصل سفانتت اهلكو مدقلا ةركل ايدان<br />
رايتخلاا اذهف ،ةلودلل يورُكلا خيراتلا<br />
تارايخ يأ مدقلا ةرك يبعلا يطعيلا<br />
عيمج نع مهراصبأ سمطتف ،ىرخأ<br />
نوكت دقو مهرظتنت يتلا ةحاتلما صرفلا<br />
ىلإ نوفرصنيو ،ىندأ وأ ينسوق باق<br />
.لالماو فارتحلاا رايخ<br />
نوكرتي ينيتاراملإا بابشلا نم ريثك<br />
ةرك ةيدنأ دحأ ىلإ مامضنلال مهتسارد<br />
مدقلا ةرك بردلم اقفوو ،دلابلا يف مدقلا<br />
دحأ يف راغصلا ةيبصلا بردي يذلا<br />
بابشلا نم ديدعلا نم دحاو وه فيس<br />
رارقلا اذه اوذختا نيذلا ينعفايلا<br />
ةقيرط لهسأ ىلع لوصحلل عيرسلا<br />
ىلإ يعسلا نم لادب ريفولا لالما بسكل<br />
ىلع لوصلحاو ةيميلعتلا تاجردلا ىلعأ<br />
،تاراملإا ةلود يف .ةيعماج هداهش<br />
نم ريثكلا ىلع مدقلا ةرك وبعلا لصحي<br />
يزاوي يرهش لخد ىلإ ًلاوصو دئاوفلا<br />
فرتلا ةايح نوشيعيو ،ءارزولا بتار<br />
. تآفاكلما نم ديدعلا عم ةيهافرلاو<br />
نإف ةديغرلا ةايلحا هذه نم مغرلاب<br />
ىلع ةرداق ريغو ًةليقث ودبت مهمادقأ<br />
،رضخلأا عبرلما يف فادهلأا ديدست<br />
عيمجب ملالحا مهريكفت لاغشنلا<br />
مهريكفت لغشت يتلا ةيتايلحا شماوهلا<br />
.بعللما يف<br />
ةلود يف عمتجم يف دارفلأا ةيبلغأ<br />
)يكتسبلا رمع ريوصت( .مدقلا ةرك ةبعل نونهتيم نويتاراملإا بابشلا<br />
فيرشلا ةزوم<br />
ًادلو فيس ناك ،1978 ماع يف<br />
ىلعأ نم هتاجرد تناكو ،ةياغلل ًاحومط<br />
عيضاولما لك يف هئلامز ينب تاجردلا<br />
ام عيمج هدلاو رسخ نأ ىلإ ،ابيرقت<br />
ينب ًارئاح فيس فقو ،لاومأ نم كليم<br />
دلولا ناك هنلأ ؛هترسأ ةلاعإو هميلعت<br />
مدق ةرك بعلا فيس ناك .ديحولا<br />
همدقي ناك ام هل ردقي عيملجاو ،ابوهوم<br />
ةرك قيرف ىلإ همامضنا دعب بعللما يف<br />
ظحلا ،مايلأا دحأ يف .ةسردلما مدقلا<br />
هنم برتقاو هتبهوم يدانلا ءلاكو دحأ<br />
دحأ ىلإ همامضنا ةصرف هيلع ضرعي<br />
فيس نلأو ،ةروهشلما مدقلا ةرك يداون<br />
عطتسي مل ًايدام هتلئاع معد ديرُي ناك<br />
ىلختف ،يرغلما ضرعلا اذه ةمواقُم<br />
يميلعتلا هلبقتسم رسخو هتسارد نع<br />
يدالما لخدلا ىلع لوصلحا لجأ نم<br />
.عيرسلا<br />
75
76<br />
امدنع داوج لوأ يتدلاو يل ترتشا<br />
ثيح ،رمعلا نم تاونس عبرأ تغلب<br />
تنك ىننلأ هبوكر ىلع ينعجشت تناك<br />
يدل تنم دقف اذهلو ،تاناويلحا بحأ<br />
يه يتلا يتدلاو للاخ نم ةبغرلا هذه<br />
طنم ناك يتلاو ،يكيرمأ لصأ نم<br />
يضتقي اهدلب يف قباسلا اهتايح<br />
دايلجا نم ريبك ددعو لبطصا دوجو<br />
ناصلحا رهظ نع تعقو يننأب ركذتأ<br />
نم ةسداسلا يف تنك امدنع ةرم لوأ<br />
ضوهنلا ىلع يتدلاو ينتدعاس ،رمعلا<br />
ةرم داولجا رهظ ىلع بكرلأ ينتداعإو<br />
يملعت ءانثأ يف ينبقارت تناك ،ةيناث<br />
ةبرجتلا هذه ينتملع دقل ،ليلخا بوكر<br />
.اقلاطإ ليلخا بوكر ىشخأ لا نأب<br />
دقف دلحا اذه دنع رملأا فقي ملو<br />
فيرشلا ةراس تعقوو ةثدالحا ترركت<br />
نع فقوتلا اهتقو تررق و ،تارم ةدع<br />
تغلب امدنع ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم<br />
ةباصلإا ببسب رمعلا نم ًاماع 12<br />
دعبو هنأ لاإ ،اهرهظ يف ةديدشلا<br />
ىلع اهتدلاو اهتعجش ينتنس رورم<br />
اهتياوه ةسراممو ليلخا بوكر ةدواعم<br />
نم ًاماع 15 تغلب امدنعو ،ةلضفلما<br />
امدنع ليلخا قابس يف تكراش رمعلا<br />
بلطو دمحم نب نادمح خيشلا اهدهاش<br />
صالخا يدانلا ىلإ مامضنلاا اهنم<br />
ةراس تمضنا ةنس رورم دعبو .هومسب<br />
لازتامو ةيسورفلل عازف يدان ىلإ<br />
.مويلا ىتح هيف اوضعو ةسراف<br />
تعمس الماطل :ةلئاق هراس فدرتو<br />
راذعأك ،ديلاقتلاب نججحتي تايتفلا<br />
ةيسورفلا ةضاير نهتسرامم مدعل<br />
انأف ،ًاماتم ئطاخ موهفلما اذه نأ لاإ<br />
عونلا نم انأو ،ةلجرتسم ةأرما تسل<br />
لاو ، هتثونأ ىلع ظفاحيو متهي يذلا<br />
يتثونأ ىلع ترثأ دق يتياوه نأب دقتعأ<br />
نأب دقتعأ لا يننإف ،كلذك ،ًاقلاطإ<br />
نأ نكيم ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم<br />
.ةلجرتسم ةاتفلا لعتج<br />
نب دمحم تنب ةفيطل ةخيشلا ،موتكم<br />
نم تايرخأ تاوضع ىلإ ةفاضإ ،دشار<br />
لمعت ،كلذ ىلع ةولاع .موتكم لآ ةلئاع<br />
ةجوز ،كرابم تنب ةمطاف ةخيشلا ومس<br />
ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود مكاح موحرلما<br />
دياز خيشلا دلاولا هل روفغلما ةدحتلما<br />
قوقح معد ىلع ،نايهن لآ ناطلس نب<br />
داتحلاا( اهتسسؤم للاخ نم ةأرلما<br />
لبق هسيسأت تم يذلا )ماعلا يئاسنلا<br />
يئاسنلا داتحلاا لمعي امك ،ةنس 34<br />
شروو تاقباسلما ةماقإ ىلع ماعلا<br />
،ةأرلما ةيضق زيزعتل تايلاعفلاو لمعلا<br />
ةيلاعف ، رصلحا لا لاثلما ليبس ىلعو<br />
ةصالخا كرابم تنب ةمطاف ةخيشلا<br />
ثحبت يتلاو ،ءاسنلل ةيلودلا ةلوطبلاب<br />
يف ةكراشملل ةاوهلا ءاسنلا عجشتو<br />
.ةيبرعلا ةيسورفلا تاقابس<br />
نم ةيسورفلا ةضاير<br />
ةرطلخا تاضايرلا<br />
ًاصوصخ ،ًادج<br />
نهنلأ ،ثانلإل ةبسنلاب<br />
نع نطقسي ابمر<br />
ببستيو داولجا رهظ<br />
تاباصإب نهل كلذ<br />
هذه نأ امك ،ةريطخ<br />
ةبسانم ريغ ةضايرلا<br />
فعض ببسب ءاسنلل<br />
ةضرع نهف نهماسجأ<br />
روسكلاب ةباصلإل<br />
نم رثكأ ماظعلا يف<br />
.لاجرلا<br />
ًاماع 21 فيرشلا هراس يورت ،كلذك<br />
ةيسورفلا ةضاير اهتلوازم لوح اهتصق<br />
:تاونس عبرأ اهرمع ناك نأ ذنم<br />
يعنم ببس ناك دقو ،روكذلا يتوخأ<br />
نأ وه ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم نم<br />
ةاتفلا نأب أطخ عابطنا اهيدل يتلئاع<br />
هذه ببسب اهتيرذع دقفت نأ نكيم<br />
.ةضايرلا<br />
لوقي )انايبرع( يقئاثولا مليفلا يف<br />
يئاصخلأا ،رومس لئاو روتكدلا<br />
لا :ةيئاسنلا ضارملأاو ةدلاولا تايلمعب<br />
ىلع رثؤت نأ ةيسورفلا ةضايرل نكيم<br />
مسج حيرشت بسحو .ةاتفلا ةيرذع<br />
لاصتا كانه دجويلا هنأ دنج ،ىثنلأا<br />
يف ةساسلحا ءاضعلأا ينب رشابم<br />
ءيش يأ وأ ،ليلخا جرس ينبو ةأرلما<br />
ةضاير ةيأ يف ليلخا جرس لثايم<br />
.ىرخأ<br />
بردلما ،يداملحا فسوي لوقي امنيب<br />
يذلا ةيسورفلل يلودلا يبد يدان يف<br />
دمحم خيشلا ومسلا بحاص هكليم<br />
يف تلمع دقل :موتكم لآ دشار نب<br />
تس ةدلم ةيسورفلل يلودلا يبد يدان<br />
ةديس 15 بيردتب تمق ثيح ،تاونس<br />
ةيناكمإ نم ًاقلاطإ نهتيشخ نيدبي مل<br />
بحاص نأ امك ،نهتيرذع نادقف<br />
ةلود ءاسن عجشي دمحم خيشلا ومسلا<br />
ةضايرلا هذه ةسرامم ىلع تاراملإا<br />
ةيسورفلا تاقباسم روضح قيرط نع<br />
كلذك ،قابسلا ةياهن ىتح اهعيجشتو<br />
ةثلاث انروزي ومسلا بحاص ناك دقف<br />
يتلا تقولا يف عوبسلأا يف مايأ<br />
بوكر نسرايم تاسرافلا هيف تناك<br />
خيشلا ةيؤر نأ امك .يدانلا يف ليلخا<br />
يف لوخدلا ىلع ءاسنلا عجشت دمحم<br />
ةيؤرلا هذه تللكت ثيح ،ناديلما اذه<br />
تلصو امدنع 2004 ماع يف حاجنلاب<br />
ةضاير نسرايم يتاوللا ثانلإا ةبسن<br />
.40% ىلإ تاراملإا ةلود نم ةيسورفلا<br />
ةبسن تلصو 2012 يلالحا ماعلا يفو<br />
.80% ىلإ نهتكراشم<br />
دمحم خيشلا ومسلا بحاص بناج ىلإ<br />
دارفأ نم رخآ ددع كانه ،دشار نب<br />
نوعجشيو نومعدي ةمكالحا ةرسلأا<br />
ةيسورفلا ةضايرل ءاسنلا ةسرامم<br />
تنب ايه ةريملأا :لاثلما ليبس ىلعو<br />
لآ رشح تنب ةيدم ةخيشلا ،ينسلحا
هيلع قلطأ يقئاثو مليف يريهلما نانح<br />
ءاسنلا ىلع هيف تزكر و )انايبرع( مسا<br />
ةيسورفلا ةضاير نسرايم يتاوللا<br />
ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود يف<br />
هذه لوح يبلسلا سانلا ريكفت ىلعو<br />
.ةضايرلا<br />
ةسسؤم ،يريهلما نانح يورت و<br />
اهسيسأت تم يتلا ،انايبرع ةعومجم<br />
ءاسن تس لبق نم 2007 ماع يف<br />
:لاجلما اذه يف اهتبرتج تايتارامإ<br />
اههجاوأ تنك يتلا تايدحتلا ىدحإ<br />
يف نكي مل ذإ ،يدلاو ددرت تناك<br />
ةضاير يتسراملم ًاحاترم ةيادبلا<br />
ديرأو حومطلاب ةمعفم تنك .ةيسورفلا<br />
نكي مل يدلاو نأ لاإ ،ءيش يأ ملعت<br />
ةكراشلما نأب دقتعي ناك هنلأ ينعجشي<br />
يباهذ ىلإ ةفاضإ ةفلتخلما ةطشنلأا يف<br />
.يتسارد ىلع رثؤت نأ نكيم ةيلكلا ىلإ<br />
،نانح دلاو عم اهؤارجإ تم ةلباقم يف<br />
ةيسورفلا ةضاير :هرظن ةهجو حرش<br />
ًاصوصخ ،ًادج ةرطلخا تاضايرلا نم<br />
نع نطقسي ابمر نهنلأ ،ثانلإل ةبسنلاب<br />
تاباصإب نهل كلذ ببستيو داولجا رهظ<br />
ريغ ةضايرلا هذه نأ امك ،ةريطخ<br />
نهماسجأ فعض ببسب ءاسنلل ةبسانم<br />
يف روسكلاب ةباصلإل ةضرع نهف<br />
.لاجرلا نم رثكأ ماظعلا<br />
ةبغرل نانح دلاو لثتما ،رملأا ةياهن يف<br />
ةسرامبم ةفوغش اهدجو امدنع هتنبا<br />
.ةيسورفلا ةضاير<br />
تلائاعلا ضعب كانه ،رخآ ديعص ىلع<br />
اهتانبل ةمراص دعاوق عضت يتلا<br />
ةضاير ةسرامبم نهل حامسلا مدعب<br />
نأب ئطالخا داقتعلاا ببسب ةيسورفلا<br />
ءانثأ يف اهتيرذع دقفت نأ نكيم ةاتفلا<br />
.ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم<br />
23 رمعلا نم ةغلابلا يلع ءايلع لوقت و<br />
ةيسورفلا يدان ىلإ تبهذ دقل :ًاماع<br />
يتلئاع ةقفاوم نود يتياوه ةسراملم<br />
مغرلا ىلع ةركفلا هذه ضراعت اهنلأ<br />
ريبك ددعو ةريبك ةعرزلم اهكلاتما نم<br />
لبق نم طقف مدختست يتلا دايلجا نم<br />
نم ةدمتسلما ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم<br />
.اهيلع ةدمتعلماو ديلاقتلا<br />
ةضاير ةسرامم :ىدن تفاضأ امك<br />
ًارظن ةثونأ رثكأ ةأرلما لعتج ةيسورفلا<br />
داولجا بكار ملعت ةضايرلا هذه نلأ<br />
عم ًافطاعتمو بلقلا ينل نوكي نأب<br />
ىلع ةولاع ،هضيورت لجأ نم داولجا<br />
ةيصخش ززعت ةضايرلا هذه نإف :كلذ<br />
ةقثو ةوق رثكأ نوكت يكل ىثنلأا<br />
.اهسفنب<br />
ءاسنلا نم ًامومع عقوتي هنلأ ًارظنو<br />
نرهظي يكل ةيوثنأ تاحسم نرهظي نأ<br />
نم عون يأ نإف ،ةقانأو ةيبذاج رثكأ<br />
ةأرلما ةثونأ نم للقي نأ نكيم ةضايرلا<br />
نولءاستي سانلا لعجي نأ هنأش نم<br />
ةفاقثلاو ديلاقتلا دعت<br />
بابسلأا يه ةثراوتلما<br />
لعتج يتلا ةيسيئرلا<br />
ةيتاراملإا تلائاعلا<br />
ةسرامم نم اهتانب عنتم<br />
ةيسورفلا ةضاير<br />
،ةيسنلجا اهلويمو ةأرلما ةثونأ لوح<br />
ًاقفو ًامومع نوؤشني لافطلأا نإف كلذك<br />
روظنم نم ةيجولويبلا مهسنج ةعيبطل<br />
دلاولأا يلاهأ نأ ثيح ،يعامتجا<br />
ةطشنلأا ضعب نورصقي ام ًابلاغ<br />
رخلآا نود ينعم سنج ىلع ةيضايرلا<br />
نم ةنيعم عاونأ تفنص ببسلا اذهل<br />
بوكرو ةحابسلا لثم ةيدايلحاب ةضايرلا<br />
ربكأ بذتتج يتلاو ،ةيئاوهلا تاجاردلا<br />
.ينسنلجا لاك نم ينكراشلما نم ةبسن<br />
ةضايرلا نم اعاونأ كانه نأ امك<br />
ىلع ربكأ لكشب اهل جيورتلا تم<br />
ءاسنلا لاإ اهسراتم لاو ةيروكذ اهنأ<br />
.تلاجرتسلما<br />
ةيتاراملإا تجرخأ 2006 ماع يف<br />
.هنزاوت ىلع<br />
ضفر وأ لوبق ينب رئادلا لدلجا يفو<br />
تلائاعلا نإف ،ءاسنلل ةيسورفلا<br />
تاعومجم ثلاث ىلإ مسقنت ةيتاراملإا<br />
اهتانبل ىلولأا ةعومجلما حمست ثيح<br />
ةيأ نود ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامبم<br />
اهتانبل ةيناثلا ةعومجلما حمستو ،دويق<br />
نمض نكلو ،ةضايرلا هذه ةسرامبم<br />
نود ةيصوصلخاب فصتت نكامأ<br />
ديؤتلا امنيب ،تاقباسلما يف ةكراشلما<br />
لاكشأ نم لكش يأ ةثلاثلا ةعومجلما<br />
لبق نم ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم<br />
.ءاسنلا<br />
روصنلما ينسح ىدن ةيتاراملإا دعتو<br />
نايعأ يدانل ةيذيفنتلا ةريدلماو ةكلالما<br />
ىلولأا ةيتراملإا ،"ةيسورفلل يبد<br />
ةيسورفلل دان لوأ حاتتفاب تماق يتلا<br />
ةدلم يدانلا لبقتسي ثيح ،تاديسلل<br />
ةنسلا يف رهشأ ةسمخ نع لقت لا<br />
يف بنغري يتاوللا ءاسنلا ًايرصح<br />
ترهظأ دقو ،ةيسورفلا ةضاير ةسرامم<br />
يف تابردتلما ءاسنلا ددع نأب تانايبلا<br />
لولحب ةأرما 300 ىلإ لصي يدانلا<br />
حوارتت ،ماع لك نم سرام رهش<br />
نهبلغأو ،ةنس 50-14 ينب نهرامعأ<br />
روصنلما تأدب امدنع .تاقهارلما نم<br />
اهنكلو ،طقف ناداوج اهيدل ناك اهلمع<br />
،تاكراشلما ددع ةدايز ءوض ىلعو ،نلآا<br />
صالخا لبطصلاا يف ًاداوج 32 كلتتم<br />
مادختسلال ةدعم دايج ةينامث ،اهب<br />
.طقف صالخا<br />
روصنلما ىدن عم تيرجأ ةلباقم يفو<br />
يه ةثراوتلما ةفاقثلاو ديلاقتلا دعت :تلاق<br />
تلائاعلا لعتج يتلا ةيسيئرلا بابسلأا<br />
ةسرامم نم اهتانب عنتم ةيتاراملإا<br />
يناثلا ببسلا امأو ،ةيسورفلا ةضاير<br />
عاونأ ةسرامم نأب داقتعلاا يف نمكيف<br />
ىلع رثؤت نأ نكيم ةضايرلا نم ةنيعم<br />
ءاسنلا نأب ملعن اننأ لاإ ،ةاتفلا ةيرذع<br />
لقن ةليسوك لويلخا بنكر تايبرعلا<br />
بورلحا ءانثأ يف كلذكو ،يضالما يف<br />
نم ليلجا اذه ءاسن عنتم اذاملف<br />
63<br />
77
78<br />
)تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/لاعلما ءايلم ريوصت( .ليلخا بوكرل ةضورفلما قئاوعلاو ةأرلما<br />
؟ناسنلإا عنص نم قئاوع :ليلخا بوكرو ةأرلما<br />
نع فقوتلا تررق اهدنعو ،ةءابعلاو<br />
رعشأ تنك يننلأ ةضايرلا هذه ةسرامم<br />
ةضاير ةسرامم يناكمإب دعي مل هنأب<br />
تحنس نأ ىلإ ،لاجرلا مامأ ةيسورفلا<br />
تممضنا امدنع ًاثيدح ةصرفلا يل<br />
يكل ءاسنلاب صاخ ةيسورف يدان ىلإ<br />
.يملح قيقتح نم نكتمأ<br />
رثلأا يف ةيسورفلا ةضاير دئاوف ىلجتت<br />
ةيسفنلاو ةنيدبلا ةحصلا ىلع يباجيلإا<br />
دعاست ةضايرلا هذه نلأ ًارظن ،درفلل<br />
لمعت ،كلذك ،مسلجا لقصو ةيمنت ىلع<br />
يطتمم هابتنا ةدايز ىلع ةضايرلا هذه<br />
ةيومدلا ةرودلا زيفتح للاخ نم داولجا<br />
ةردقلا ينستح ىلإ ةفاضلإاب ،سفنتلاو<br />
ةظفالمحاو مسلجا تاكرحب مكحتلا ىلع<br />
يهو .م .ل انربخت ،صوصلخا اذه يف<br />
سراتمو اهرمع نم نيرشعلا يف ةاتف<br />
نم ةسداسلا اهغولب ذنم ةيسورفلا<br />
ةلئاع نم انأ :لوقت اهتربخ نع ،رمعلا<br />
تناك ،ةدحاو ةاتفو نيدلو نم ةنوكم<br />
ةسرامم ىلع ًامئاد انعجشت انتدلاو<br />
لوقل ًلااثتما ةضايرلا عاونأ ةفاك<br />
اوملع :باطلخا نب رمع يننمؤلما ريمأ<br />
بوكرو ةيامرلاو ةحابسلا مكدلاوأ<br />
يطتمأ تنك امدنع ةرم تاذو .ليلخا<br />
للها دمحأو ،هرهظ نع تعقو داولجا<br />
مل كلذك ،ةطيسب تناك يتاباصإ نأ<br />
قيقتح نم ينعنيم ءيش يأ كانه نكي<br />
ينتهجاو ةبقع ربكأ نأ لاإ .يتاحومط<br />
،ًاماع رشع ةسمالخا تغلب امدنع تناك<br />
باجلحا ءادترا يلع ينعتي ناك ثيح<br />
لاعلما ءايلم<br />
تايتاراملإا ءاسنلا ىلع رظحي اذالم<br />
لهو ؟ةضايرلا نم ةنيعم عاونأ ةسرامم<br />
ةضايرلا نم ًاعاونأ كانه نأ حيحص<br />
ىلع ركح اهنأ اهفنصن نأ نكيم<br />
؟لاجرلا<br />
عاونأ ىدحإ يه ةيسورفلا ةضاير<br />
ينسنلجا لاك اهسرايم يتلا ةضايرلا<br />
ءاضعأ ةفاكل ةديفم اهتسرامم نأ ثيح<br />
،ةيلسم ةياوه دعت اهنأ امك ،مسلجا<br />
ةضايرلا هذهل نإف ،كلذ ىلع ةولاع<br />
كلذو ؛ةيعامتجلااو ةيسفنلا اهدئاوف<br />
يفضتو ةقثلا صخشلا حنتم اهنلأ<br />
ضعب نأ لاإ ،ةيللاقتسلااب ًاروعش هيلع<br />
دئاوفلا هذه نم تامورحم ءاسنلا<br />
.ثراوتلما يفاقثلا ريثأتلا ببسب
مهئاقدصأ ةفرعمو مهدوجو نكامأ<br />
.مهتاقوأ ءاضق ةيفيكو<br />
تافاقثلا عونتو ءابلآا فارشإ بايغ نإ<br />
ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود يف ةيبنجلأا<br />
راشتنا يف مظعلأا رثلأا هل ناك ةدحتلما<br />
يذلا رملأا ،بابشلا ينب ينكاكسلا<br />
ينملعلما ريثأتو ذوفن عجارتب ًاءوس دادزا<br />
يعو عجارت ىلإ ىدأ امم ،سرادلماو<br />
ذوفن عستاو فنعلا رطاخبم ةبلطلا<br />
فنعلا سركي يذلاو هجولما ريغ ملاعلإا<br />
ملافلأا اهنم ةريثك تاقيبطت للاخ نم<br />
.ةينورتكللاا باعللأاو<br />
اهذحشب نوموقيو اهنورتشي بابشلا<br />
ماقتنا وأ ةيامح ةحلسأك اهومدختسيل<br />
فيضي امك ،بعللاو ةاهابملل وأ<br />
ىدحإ ىلإ مضنيل هتوعد تتم هنأب<br />
ئبتخت نأب داتعت تناك يتلا تاباصعلا<br />
نم ديدعلا اهتزوح يفو ةميخ يف<br />
متي نأ لبق ةدالحا ينكاكسلاو فويسلا<br />
.ًاقحلا ةطرشلا لبق نم اهيلع ضبقلا<br />
ةحلسلأا عمج نأب ينغلابلا ضعب ىريو<br />
ضعب نأ امك .ةعتمم ةياوه ءاضيبلا<br />
نم ينبرستلما ًاصوصخو ينقهارلما<br />
ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأاب نورجاتي ،سرادلما<br />
.لالما ىلع لوصحلل مهئلامز ينب<br />
ىدحإ يف يعامتجا يئاصخأ لوقي<br />
ترظن ول :ةقراشلاب ةيوناثلا سرادلما<br />
لهس وه مك ىرت نأ عيطتست ،كلوح<br />
خبطملل بهذا ،حلاس ىلع لوصلحا<br />
صخش نع ثحبا مث ينكس نع ثحباو<br />
ءابلآا ضعب ةقيرط نع لءاستيو .هيذؤت<br />
لمتح مهميلعتو مهئانبأ ةيبرت يف<br />
هنأ ثيح ،روكذلا اصوصخ ةيلوؤسلما<br />
نورجاتي نيذلا بلاطلا ةبسن نأ دجو<br />
ةيعامتجا ةقبط ىلإ نومتنيو حلاسلاب<br />
تلائاعلاف.ربكلأا يه ةديج ةيداصتقاو<br />
مهنأ ثيحب اهءانبأ للدت ةينغلا<br />
مهل ولحيام عيمتجو ءارش نوعيطتسي<br />
ينكاكسلاو ةديرفلا ةريغصلا رجانلخاك<br />
نم نيرخآ ينقهارم نودحتيو ةليملجا<br />
ىلع لوصحلل ،ىرخأ ةينغ تلائاع<br />
دقو ،اذكهو لضفأ ءاضيب ةحلسأ<br />
لصيل ينمصخ ينب هركلاو ءادعلا روطتي<br />
.لتقلا دح<br />
ةيضق ةرهاظلا هذه ززعي:فيضيو<br />
ةعباتلم ينقهارلما بح يهو انه ىرخأ<br />
يف رثؤت يتلاو نشكلأاو ةراثلإا ملافأ<br />
بيرتج ىلع مهعجشتو ،ةلوهسب مهلوقع<br />
نوعضخي ام ببسب كلذو ،ةديدج رومأ<br />
اذه يف ةيدسجو ةيسفن تارييغت نم هل<br />
.نسلا<br />
ةقيرطب مكتانبو مكئانبأ ةيبرت :لوقي امك<br />
ءابلآا ىلع بجيو ،حاتفلما يه ةيباجيإ<br />
لك يف ةيلوؤسلما لماك اولمحتي نأ<br />
ةعباتبم عراشلا يف مهدلاوأ هلعفي ام<br />
م2009 ماع يف .ةحلسأك اهمادختسا<br />
عجارتو ،انيكس 351 ةرداصم تتم<br />
ىلإ لصيل م2010 يف 326 ىلإ مقرلا<br />
يوهقلما حرص ثيح م2011 يف 233<br />
دوهج نأ رهظُت دادعلأا هذه نأب<br />
نم نيرفاسلما ريذتح يف يبد كرامج<br />
لمعت ءاضيب ةحلسأ مهتزوحبو رفسلا<br />
.دجب<br />
نم صخشلا عيطتسيو<br />
ءارش ةينوناقلا ةيحانلا<br />
نم ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا<br />
تلاحمك ،ةديدع نكامأ<br />
ثيح ،كمسلا ديص<br />
يف ةعابلما تاودلأا نأ<br />
ةصخرم تلالمحا هذه<br />
ةيمنتلا ةرئاد لبق نم<br />
ةئف تتح ةيداصتقلاا<br />
لا يتلاو تادعلما ةراتج<br />
ةقفاوم ةصخر جاتتح<br />
.يراشتسلاا نملأا نم<br />
مادختسا ةرهاظ راشتنا دش دقو<br />
ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأل نيرصاقلاو بابشلا<br />
.تضم تاونس عبس ذنم ملاعلإا هابتنا<br />
ةحلسلأا نم عونلا اذه لمح نأ ثيح<br />
تاباصعلا دارفأو )عّيصلا( ينب رشتنم<br />
عباطلا تاذ ملافلأا نودلقي نيذلا<br />
يشيمو ،ةصالخا مهئايحأ يف فينعلا<br />
ينعقوتم ينكاكسو ًافويس ًلاماح ضعبلا<br />
يهتنت ةيصخش تازرابمو تايدتح<br />
انايحأ يهتنت دقو ،ةريطخ حورجب ابلاغ<br />
.ةافولاب<br />
:قباس يطرش قيتع بيرغ لوقيو<br />
ةدالحا ريغ ةحلسلأا ضعب رفوتت<br />
ضعب نكلو ،قاوسلأا يف ةلتاقلا ريغو<br />
79
80<br />
.مهرد 1800 – 600 ينب ام حوارتي<br />
ةيحانلا نم صخشلا عيطتسيو<br />
ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا ءارش ةينوناقلا<br />
ديص تلاحمك ،ةديدع نكامأ نم<br />
يف ةعابلما تاودلأا نأ ثيح ،كمسلا<br />
ةرئاد لبق نم ةصخرم تلالمحا هذه<br />
ةراتج ةئف تتح ةيداصتقلاا ةيمنتلا<br />
ةقفاوم ةصخر جاتتح لا يتلاو تادعلما<br />
تم هنأ ثيح .يراشتسلاا نملأا نم<br />
.ةرشابم ةرادلإا لبق نم مهل حيرصتلا<br />
تادعم عابت اذالم ضعبلا برغتسيو<br />
يف ديصلا عنم نم مغرلاب ديصلا<br />
ىلإ ةجاحب وهو ( ؟تاراملإا ةلود<br />
طقف ةدحاو ةنس ةرتفل دتيم حيرصت<br />
ةددحم قطانم دجوت لاو )ةقفاولما دعب<br />
نم فدهلا وه امف ؟يبد يف ديصلل<br />
تاودأو ؟كمسلا ديص تادعبم ةرجاتلما<br />
كلاتما نأ امك ؟ىرخلأا ديصلا<br />
ينعي لا فويسلا وأ رجانلخا صخشلا<br />
ينح يف ،ةيمرج يف هطروت ةرورضلاب<br />
.ًامرج اهل ءيسلا مادختسلاا دعي<br />
نأب يبد يف تايئاصحلإا رهظُتو<br />
900 براقي ام بيرهت تلاواحم كانه<br />
ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود ىلإ ضيبأ حلاس<br />
طروت ينتنس لبقو .ًارخؤم ةدحتلما<br />
14 ينب ام رامعأب ينقهارم ةعومجم<br />
مادختساب ةيمرج 15 يف ةنس 19 –<br />
.ةميلخا سأر يف ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا<br />
ام ةرداصم ىرخأ ةيئاصحإ ره ُظت امك<br />
بناجأ نم ضيبأ حلاس 915 براقي<br />
يلودلا يبد راطلم مهلوخد ءانثأ يف<br />
.ةيضالما ةثلاثلا تاونسلا للاخ<br />
ةرادإ ريدم يوهقلما يلع هبن دقو<br />
نأب يبد كرامج يف تاراطلما تايلمع<br />
فلتخم نم نيرفاسلما نم ديدعلا كانه<br />
مهيلع ضبقلا متي تايسنلجاو رامعلأا<br />
يف أبخم ضيبأ حلاس مهتزوحبو<br />
.ةيصخشلا مهتاقلعتمو مهتعتمأ<br />
تماق يبد كرامج نأ ىلإ ًاضيأ راشأو<br />
تاضبقو ،ينكاكسو ،فويس ةرداصبم<br />
ريماسبم ةيديدح يصع و ةداح دي<br />
نكيم مجلحا ةريغص ةداح تاودأو<br />
اهتفاضإ دكأ ثيح ،نوناقلا يف ةرغث<br />
متتل ،نوناقلل ةريخلأا ةدوسلما يف<br />
.قحلا تقو يف اهتشقانم<br />
مئارلجا ةدايزو تقولا رورم عم نكلو<br />
تم دقف ،ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأاب ةذفنلما<br />
اذه كلاتما ةيقحأ لاخدإ لمش بلط<br />
نوناقلا تتح ةحلسلأا نم عونلا<br />
ةحلسلأا ةريخذ لمشي يذلا يداتحلاا<br />
ديعت تاطلسلا لعج امم ،تارجفتلماو<br />
ينبو اهنيب قيسنتلا ةيلضفأ يف رظنلا<br />
تارادإو ،تايدلبلاو ،ةيلخادلا ةرازو<br />
ثيح ،نأشلا اذه يف ةفلتخم ةيداصتقا<br />
عنم قيرط نع ةلكشلما لح نكيم لا هنأ<br />
ريثك دوجول كلذو ؛ضيبلأا حلاسلا<br />
تاودأ مدختست يتلا تاعانصلا نم<br />
ةحلسأ اهنأ ىلع ًايلمع اهفينصت نكيم<br />
.ءاضيب<br />
يف تايئاصحلإا رهظُت<br />
تلاواحم كانه نأب يبد<br />
900 براقي ام بيرهت<br />
ىلإ ضيبأ حلاس<br />
ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود<br />
.ارخؤم ةدحتلما<br />
مئارلجا دادزتو فنعلا دادزي امنيبو<br />
يتلاو ،ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأاب ةبكترلما<br />
بابشلا ينب ةرشتنم ةرهاظ تحبصأ<br />
ةيفيك يشورطلما شقاني ،يتاراملإا<br />
ةعباتمو ةرهاظلا هذه نم دلحا<br />
هتيمست نكيم ابم ةطبترلما تاعانصلا<br />
ةرورض ىلع ديكأتلاو ءاضيب ةحلسأ<br />
لبق ينمزلالا ةياملحاو نملأا عضو<br />
.ةيراجتلا حلاصلما<br />
ةعئاش ةحلسلأا هذه لعجي اممو<br />
ةصيخر راعسأب اهرفوت وه ،فسلأل<br />
نأ ثيح ،عيملجا لوانتم يفو ًايبسن<br />
750 – 250 ينب حوارتي فيسلا رعس<br />
ةيئاوهلا ديصلا ةيقدنب رعسو .امهرد<br />
ةيللمحا فحصلا نيوانع ردصتت تراص<br />
داقتعا ىلإ ىدأ امم ،رخآ ىلإ تقو نم<br />
ةيبنجلأا تايلالجاو يللمحا عمتجلما<br />
.ةديدج ةرهاظ اهنأب<br />
لصوم نم برقلاب امهاندجو دقل<br />
يقيدصو انأ انجرخأ ،ءابرهكلا<br />
انمق مث نمو مجلحا ةطسوتم ينكاكس<br />
تسسحأ ينأ ةجردل ةوقب امهنعطب<br />
.امهئاشحأ يف سرغني ينكسلاب<br />
مث ،ةمحرلا نابلطيو ناخرصي اناك<br />
تقلأ مايأ ةدع دعبو ،عقولما نم انبره<br />
نجسلا يف انأو ،انيلع ضبقلا ةطرشلا<br />
26 أ .غ يوري اذكه ينلحا كلذ ذنم<br />
نم ديدعلا كانه .هتيمرج ةصق اماع<br />
رملأاو ،ةصقلا هذهل ةهباشلما تلاالحا<br />
ءلازن ضعب نأ وه ةمدصلل وعدي يذلا<br />
حلاسلا اياضقب ينفوقولما نوجسلا<br />
ةسداسلا مهرامعأ زواجتت لا ،ضيبلأا<br />
.ةنس ةرشع<br />
فويسلاك ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا تناك<br />
ةيداع تاودأ دعت رجانلخاو ينكاكسلاو<br />
هذهب ظفتحي ثيح .اقباس لزانلما يف<br />
بابش نكلو ،روكيدلل ةيديلقتلا ةحلسلأا<br />
تلالمحا نم اهئارشب نوموقي مايلأا هذه<br />
تامادختسلا ءادوسلا قوسلا نم وأ<br />
.ىرخأ<br />
نم يسماشلا ىسيع ديقعلا حرصي<br />
ةحلسلأا هذه :نأب ةيلخادلا ةرازو<br />
اهمجح بسح ىلع نوناقلل ًاقفو فنصت<br />
حمسي لا هنأ ثيح ،اهتروطخ ةجردو<br />
دلبلل لوخدلاب ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا ضعبل<br />
حمسي امنيب ،اهتروطخ ةدشل كلذو<br />
تلااح يف ةحلسلأا ضعبب راتجلااب<br />
مرحيو عنيم نوناقلا نكلو ،ةصاخ<br />
تلالمحاك ةماعلا نكاملأا يف اهتراتج<br />
.ةيضايرلا بعلالماو<br />
سلجلما يف ةيلخادلا ةنلج سيئر حرصو<br />
يشورطلما دجام يلع يداتحلاا ينطولا<br />
نوناقلا عورشم نأب م2008 ماع يف<br />
ةموكلحا نم ةنجللا هتملست يذلا<br />
عونلا اذه ىلإ ةراشلإا نمضتيلا<br />
ةحئلا نمض اهجردي لاو ةحلسلأا نم<br />
دعي امم ،تارجفتلماو ةحلسلأا ةريخذ
امك .ةساردلاو ميلعتلا نع ينفوقولما<br />
علادنا لوح روحمتت اياضقلا مظعم نأ<br />
ةلواحمو ءايحلأا يف تاباصعلا بورح<br />
ضعب رشتنتو .عراوشلا ىلع ةرطيسلا<br />
هذه مدختست يتلا ةيلبقلا اياضقلا<br />
"ةقلخا" وأ ماقتنلاا مئارلج ةحلسلأا<br />
ركذلاب ريدلجا .ةيبلسلا ةدايسلاو ربكتلا<br />
ىلع ةديدج تسيل ةرهاظلا هذه نأ<br />
رثك ثيح ،اماتم يتاراملإا عراشلا<br />
ةيضالما تاونسلا يف اهنع ثيدلحا<br />
طيلستو ،يناكسلا دادعتلا ةدايز عمو<br />
اياضقلا نم عاونلأا هذه ىلع ءوضلا<br />
بذتج ةحلسلأا نم عونلا اذه اهيف<br />
تاراملإا ةلود يف ملاعلإا مامتها<br />
ًاريثم رملأا حبصأ دقل .ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا<br />
ىلع لهسلا نم هنأ ثيح ،نزلحاو قلقلل<br />
اذه ىلع لوصلحا ينقهارلماو ينغلابلا<br />
.ةحلسلأا نم عونلا<br />
ةزوحب ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا نوكت ام ًابلاغ<br />
ًاصوصخ ،ينقهارلماو ينغلابلا ضعب<br />
قطانلماو ةلودلا نم ةيئانلا قطانلما يف<br />
.ةضفخنلما ةيناكسلا ةفاثكلا تاذ<br />
ءلاؤه مظعم نأ ركذلاب ريدلجاو<br />
وأ لمعلا نع ينلطاعلا بابشلا نم<br />
(تابلاطلل يبد ةيلك/يلهأ دمحم ميمصت) .يمهولا يباسح<br />
)تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/سالما ملاس ةمطاف ريوصت(.بابشلا ينب ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا مادختسا<br />
ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا<br />
سالما ملاس ديعس<br />
رجانلخاو ،ينكاكسلا مدختست<br />
اهيلإ راشي امك وأ فويسلاو<br />
يف مدقلا ذنم "ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا"ب<br />
ةيوديلا فرلحاو ،ديصلاك ،ةديدع رومأ<br />
رود اهل ناك امك ،تاضايرلا ضعبو<br />
.بورلحا يف يساسأ<br />
ترشتنا ةريخلأا ةنولآا يفو ،ارخؤُم<br />
ينقهارلماو لب ينغلابلا ينب ةبيرغ ةرهاظ<br />
ةحلسلأا مادختسا ةرهاظ يهو<br />
ىلإ تدأ ةيصخش ةادأك ءاضيبلا<br />
تلاالحا نم ريثك يف ةتيمم بقاوع<br />
مدختسُي يتلا مئارلجا تحبصأ ثيح<br />
81
82<br />
اهسفنب اهتقث دقفت فوس اهنإ<br />
ةبلاط تناك اذإو ءاوطنلاا ىلإ ليتمو<br />
روهدتي فوس يساردلا اهاوتسم نإف<br />
تتشت اضيأ كلذ نع جتنيسو ،ديكأتلاب<br />
امم عمتجلما ككفت و ةيرسلأا تاقلاعلا<br />
.ماعلا داسفلا ىلإ يدؤي<br />
يلع ناك :ةلئاق اهثيدح ةنمآ تهنأو<br />
كلتب يتباصإ ببسب يلمع كرتأ نأ<br />
باهذلا نم نكتمأ ملف ةغيلبلا حورلجا<br />
ببسو ،اذكه جورلخاوأ لمعلا ىلإ<br />
كلتف ،لكاشلما نم ديدعلا كلذ يل<br />
نوكي نأ لمآ ،يتايح ترمد تاباصلإا<br />
الحاص لاجر نوكي نأو افلتخم يجوز<br />
اهرمغت ةرسأ نّوكأ نأ عيطتسأ نأو<br />
ةطلسلاو فنعلل ناكم لا ثيح ةبلمحا<br />
هذهل قوتأ يننإ ،معن .قلاطلإا ىلع<br />
لملأا دقفأ نلو حابص لك يف لاملآا<br />
وأ لضفلأل يخأ ريغتي نأ ىنتمأ .ادبأ<br />
ىأر املك بنذلاب رعشي نأ لقلأا ىلع<br />
يهجو ىلع اهراثآ تكرت يتلا بودنلا<br />
.يبلقو<br />
نلعفي مل نهنأ يدسلجا فنعلا اياحض<br />
ةهج نم ،باقعلا كلذ قحتسي ائيش<br />
ةئلماب ينثلاثو دحاو براقيام ،ىرخأ<br />
نملظي مل نهنأ ندقتعي اياحضلا نم<br />
.باقعلاب<br />
راكفلأا سرغب ءابلآا ضعب ماق ابمر<br />
مهلعج امم ،مهئانبأ لوقع يف ةئطالخا<br />
برضلا نوقحتسي مهنأ نودقتعي<br />
أطخ باكترا درجلم يندبلا ءادتعلااو<br />
هذه عم قفتت لا نسح ةمينغ .أ .ام<br />
نأ دكؤت و ةدشب اهضراعت لب ،ةركفلا<br />
تناك ولو ىتح ًادبأ لاح سيل فنعلا<br />
رثأتت دق ًأطخ تبكترا دق ةيحضلا<br />
لماعتلا :تفاضأو ،هب ةلئاعلا ةعمس<br />
لاإ بلجي نل ةيبلس ةلكشم عم يبلسلا<br />
.ةيبلس جئاتن<br />
ءوس نم اهنع غلبلما تلاالحا ددع<br />
ضفخنم لزانلما يف ةيدسلجا ةلماعلما<br />
،لمجلماب تلاالحا عم ةنراقلماب ادج<br />
مل ٢٠٠٨ ماع ذنمو هنأ ةمينغ .أ ترقأ<br />
يدسلجا فنعلا نم ينتلاح ىوس قلتت<br />
ةلالحا هذه نع نغلبأ اياحضلا نأ و<br />
،يلاتلابو .اماوعأ تماد ةاناعم دعب<br />
اياحض نعقي يتاوللا ءاسنلا ىلع بجي<br />
ينعسي نأ خلأا لبق نم يندبلا فنعلل<br />
نيذلا ينينهلما نم ةدعاسلما بلط ىلإ<br />
ينسحتل ةيفارتحاب عضولا عم نولماعتي<br />
نكيم ،لاثلما ليبس ىلع ،عضولا<br />
ءادتعلاا ةثداح نع ريرقتلا ةيحضلل<br />
كلذ رمتسا اذإو ،ةطرشلا ىدل يندبلا<br />
،دهعت ىلع عيقوتلل ءيسلما ىعدتسي<br />
جلاعلا تاسلج ميظنت متي كلذك و<br />
لاح يفو .ةيضقلا لح لجأ نم ةمزلالا<br />
ةلأسلما لوتح نأ نكيم ،عضولا رمتسا<br />
تاطلسلا لبق نم اهللح ةمكلمحا ىلإ<br />
كانه نإف ،كلذ ىلع ةولاعو ،ايلعلا<br />
معدلا مدقت يتلا تاسسؤلما نم ديدعلا<br />
يبد ةسسؤم لثم تلاالحا هذه لثلم<br />
زكارم يف ةنيعم ماسقأو لفطلاو ةأرملل<br />
.ةطرشلا<br />
لا يتلا لكاشلما نإ :ةمينغ .أ تفاضأ<br />
لصاوت اذإ ةيحضلا ىلع رثؤت اهل ةياهن<br />
لب ،اهيلع يدسلجا وأ يظفللا ءادتعلاا<br />
ةدلاو تثدتح ،عوبسأ نوضغ يف<br />
اهدي بلطتل س.ل ةدلاو ىلإ يلع<br />
ةرايزل ٍ دعوم ديدحتب تماقو ،جاوزلل<br />
تريغت عوبسلأا اذه للاخ ،ةيلئاع<br />
مل فقوم ثودح ببسب .س.ل ةايح<br />
ينعمس :س.ل تلاق ،نابسلحا يف نكي<br />
،لايل فتاهلا يف يلع عم ثدتحأ يخأ<br />
اهنأ عم ،هسفن ىلع ةرطيسلا دقفف<br />
ءيسي ام اهيف سيل ةطيسب ةثداحم<br />
دقف ،رارمتساب و فنعب ينبرضي ذخأ<br />
ىطغو يعارذو يهجو ىلع ينمكل<br />
هنأ كلذ نم ىسقلأاو ،تامدكلاب يدسج<br />
لاصتلااب يل حمسي مل هنلأ ،يبلق رسك<br />
هذه ذنم يلع نع يش يأ ةفرعبم وأ<br />
،يتبطلخ مدقت دق ناك هنأ عم ةثدالحا<br />
فلاخي لكشب فرصتن مل اننأ عمو<br />
ىلع س.ل تلازام ".ادبأ لوصلأا<br />
مهترايز ىلع قافتلال يلع عم لاصتا<br />
ام يلعو ،ةميلس ةقيرطب اهل مدقتلا و<br />
.رظتني لازي<br />
نولييم ةوخلأا ضعب نإ :ةمينغ تفاضأ<br />
و مهفطاوع ىلع ةرطيسلا نادقف ىلإ<br />
ببسب ؛فينعلا كولسلا ىلإ هجوتلا<br />
هذه يف مهتاوخأ ةعمس ىلع مهفوخ<br />
فرصتلا اذهف ،فسلأل نكلو ،ةظحللا<br />
ةيأ عم لماعتلل ابولسأ لاو لاح سيل<br />
.ةلكشم<br />
تخلأا ةبحم باستكا خلأا ىلع بجي<br />
ىعست لا ىتح ؛اهتقث ىلع لوصلحا و<br />
ةقثلا هذهو بلحا اذه نع ثحبلا ىلإ<br />
روتكدلا هدكأ ام اذه "،بيرغ لجر ىدل<br />
تيرجأ يتلا ةساردلل اقفو ،يداملحا<br />
ثانلإا نم ةئلماب ينعبس و دحاو ىلع<br />
ةئلماب نوتس يلاوح ،يبرعلا عمتجلما يف<br />
دحاوو ،نهناوخإ عم ةزاتمم ةقلاع ىلع<br />
عم ةديج ةقلاع ىلع ةئلماب نوثلاثو<br />
ىلع ةئلماب ةعست براقي امو ،نهناوخإ<br />
نهناوخإ عم ادج ةئيس ةقلاع<br />
ةلماعلما ءوسل نهضرعت ندكأ دقو<br />
نهناوخإ لبق نم ايدسج و ايظفل<br />
ةيضتم نهب لالحا لوصو ةجردل<br />
ىلإ ةفاضلإاب .ىفشتسلماب ةدع لايل<br />
نم ةئلماب نوّتسو ةعست دقتعت ،كلذ
ىلولأا ةسملخا تاونسلا نإ:تفاضأ و<br />
ىلع ريبك لكشب رثؤت لفطلا ةايح نم<br />
لفطلا اذه ضرعت نإو ،هلبقتسم<br />
ىلع بلأا ءادتعا ىلإ ةثلاثلا رمع يف<br />
حجرلأا ىلع هنإف ،ايظفل وأ ايندب ملأا<br />
اهتاذ تاوطلخا عابتا ىلإ هب يدؤيس<br />
ةرود اهنإ :ةمينغ تدكأو .ربكي امدنع<br />
هيدل نأ لجرلا ظحلا اذإ لاإ ،ةرمتسم<br />
راشتسمك هدعاسي نمع ثحبف ،ةلكشم<br />
.يسفن<br />
لاجرلا يعّدي ،تلاالحا ضعب يف<br />
بلحا عفادب فنعلا ىلإ نوؤجلي مهنأ<br />
اهتبرض دقل :ابلاغ رذعلاف ؛مامتهلااو<br />
.س.م رربي امك ،اهيلع قلق يننلأ<br />
ةصقلا يف هتخأ هاتجا ةفينعلا هتافرصت<br />
.ةيلاتلا<br />
ةموكلحا ىدل ايلاح لمعي باش .س.م<br />
ةدلم هتدلاو ةلماعم ءيسي ناك هدلاو<br />
ةمئاد هتدلاو تناك ،اًماع رشع ةسمخ<br />
ثلاث هيدل ،هدلاو نم ىوكشلاو رمذتلا<br />
لزنلما يف ديحولا لجرلا وهو تاوخأ<br />
.س.ل هتخأ .هتدلاو نم هدلاو قلاط دعب<br />
لبقتت لا ،لامعلأا ةرادإ لاجم يف ةبلاط<br />
.اهتبقاعم يف قلحا اهيخلأ نأ ةركف<br />
ىتأ ىتح ،ةديج اهيخأب اهتقلاع تناك<br />
بلطل مرتحم باش هيف مدقت يذلا مويلا<br />
عقوتأ تنك :نزحب تلاق ،اهنم جاوزلا<br />
س.ل تناك ،ةداعسلا يل ىنمتي نأ<br />
عقوم للاخ نم يلع ىلع تفرعت دق<br />
تنرتنلأا ةكبش ىلع يعمتجم<br />
هنأ ينبت ىتح ،هعم لصاوتلاب تأدبو<br />
اياون ةيأ اهيدل نكت مل و ،اهبراقأ نم<br />
تناك ،قئلا ريغ كولسب مايقلل ةئيس<br />
تناكو ،قارو مرتحم لكشب هثداتح<br />
ظفاتح ،اهتسارد يف تازيمتلما نم<br />
تناكو ،اهديلاقت و اهتاداعو اهنيد ىلع<br />
س.ل تفاضأ ،اهب ةداشلإا ةمئاد اهمأ<br />
يتدلاو تربخأ يلع يل مدقت امدنع<br />
ملاعإب اهرودب يه تماق و ،ةرشابم<br />
،بضغو جاهف ؛عوضولما نع يخأ<br />
يننأب كش هرواسو ةيبصعلا هتكلتمو<br />
مدقتلما عم ةيمارغ ةقلاع ىلع تنك<br />
.يتبطلخ<br />
يبلط اوضفر مهنكل ،شيلجاو ةطرشلا<br />
نأ نم مهفوخ تناك مهضفر بابسأو<br />
نولوقي امك ثداح يف يتايحب رطاخأ<br />
عيطتست لا نلآا اهنأ .ف.أ تفاضأ<br />
زكرم ىلإ اهتاقيدص عم جورلخا<br />
طرش اهعم اهتخأ دوجوب لاإ يراتج<br />
.ًءاسم ةنماثلا ةعاسلا زواتج مدع<br />
فنعب ينبرضي ذخأ<br />
ينمكل دقف ،رارمتسابو<br />
يعارذو يهجو ىلع<br />
تامدكلاب يدسج ىطغو<br />
رسك هنأ كلذ نم ىسقلأاو<br />
.يبلق<br />
سيئر ،يداملحا زيزعلا دبع روتكدلا<br />
يبد مكاحم يف ةيرسلأا اياضقلا مسق<br />
ةوخلأا فرصت يف ببسلا نأ حضوي<br />
مهنأ وه ةيوطلسو ةمراص ةقيرطب<br />
مهرود ةعيبطو ةقيقحب ملع ىلعاوسيل<br />
ةسام ةجاح يف مهنإ:فاضأو ،ةوخإك<br />
مدعو حيحص لكشب مهرود مهف ىلإ<br />
ءوس و طابضنلاا ربع ةيبرتلا ينب طللخا<br />
ىلع مهضعب نأ اضيأ ركذو ،ةلماعلما<br />
فسلأل نكلو ،عوضولما اذهب ديج ملع<br />
ببسب تنعتلما مهكولس ىلع نورصي<br />
،ةطولغلما تاسراملماو تاداعلل مهئلاو<br />
.ةيسفن لكاشم نم مهتاناعم ببسب وأ<br />
تامدخ ةراشتسم ،نسح ةمينغ .أ<br />
ةياعرل يبد ةسسؤم يف سفنلا ملع<br />
بابشلا نأ تحضوأ لافطلأا و ءاسنلا<br />
امدنع يوطلسلا فرصتلا ىلإ نولييم<br />
ىلإ دوعي اذهو ،دوجوم ريغ بلأا نوكي<br />
راكفلأا هذه سرغت اهنأ ثيح ،ملأا<br />
يفو ،اهئانبأ لوقع يف تادقتعلماو<br />
ىلإ تاهملأا رقتفت تلاالحا نم ريثك<br />
امم ؛يفاكلا يعامتجلاا يعولاو ميلعتلا<br />
تارارق يف قوثولا ىلإ نهب يدؤي دق<br />
.ءانبلأا<br />
اهطابترا نم رثكأ ةيبرعلا ةفاقثلاب<br />
ةفاقثلا لوقن امدنعو ،ةيبرغلا ةفاقثلاب<br />
ةفاقثلا كلذب دصقن اننإف ،ةيبرعلا<br />
قرشلا لودو ،صاخ لكشب ةيجيللخا<br />
ينطسلف و ندرلأاو نميلا لثم طسولأا<br />
كرتشت لودلا هذهف ؛ماع لكشب<br />
بعلت يتلا ةيوقلا ديلاقتلاو تاداعلاب<br />
ةيوه ىلع ريثأتلا يف اريبك ارود<br />
.هتايح طنمو صخشلا<br />
هذه نأ ىلإ ةراشلإا يغبني ،كلذ عمو<br />
اريثك تصلقت ةفينعلا تاسراملما<br />
ةلقرع بابسأ نم اببس اهرابتعاب<br />
ىلع ةراضلا اهراثآ للاخ نمو ،ةيمنتلا<br />
تيبلا مكحي لجر دوجو نإ .عمتجلما<br />
دح لصت ةمارصب يحاونلا عيمج نم<br />
ريكفتلا بساور نم بسار وه طلستلا<br />
لجرلا يف ىري يذلا طولغلما داقتعلااو<br />
و ،ةمكح رثكلأاو ،ينسنلجا ينب ىوقلأا<br />
ةياعر هبجاو نمف ديلاقتلا ضرتفت امك<br />
اهتجايتحا نع لوؤسلما وهو ةأرلما<br />
.اهرارقل كلالما وهف يلاتلابو<br />
ءاوس دوجوم ريغ بلأا نوكي امدنع<br />
نيدلاولا قلاط وأ ةافولا ببسلا ناك<br />
ايئاقلت لقتنت ةيلوؤسلما نإف ،ضرلما وأ<br />
لقنت تلاالحا مظعم يف و ،ملأا ىلإ<br />
ىلوتيل ربكلأا خلأا ىلإ ةيلوؤسلما ملأا<br />
كلذ عمو ،تيبلا لجر هتفصب ةيلوؤسلما<br />
ىنعم نومهفي لا ةوخلأا ضعب نإف<br />
لوحتتف ،حيحص لكشب ةيلوؤسلما هذه<br />
ةايح ىلع ةرطيس ىلإ لزنلما ةيلوؤسم<br />
.ءاسنلا اميس لاو هيف شيعي درف لك<br />
،ةوخإ ةثلاث اهيدل ،ةرباثم ةبلاط .ف.أ<br />
اهتايح يف لخدتلا مهدحلأ قبسي مل<br />
.ةايلحا ديق ىلع اهدلاو ناك امدنع<br />
امدنع ريبك لكشب يتايح تريغت :تلاق<br />
سراتم تناك اهنأ تدكأو ،يبأ لحر<br />
مل اهنأو يعيبط لكشب ةيمويلا اهتطشنأ<br />
ةماعلا اهقوقح نادقف نأشب ةقلق نكت<br />
جورلخا قحك ،مهدحأ طلست ببسب<br />
ىلع لوصلحا قح وأ اهتاقيدص عم<br />
لصحأ نأ اقح تدرأ .ةدايقلا ةصخر<br />
لقتسأ نأ لجأ نم ةدايقلا ةصخر ىلع<br />
يف نولمعي يتوخإ مظعم ،يتاذب<br />
83
84<br />
،ارخأتم ناك تقولا نأ يه يب كلذ<br />
!ام ائطخ ينبكترت كنأ تدقتعا :فاضأو<br />
يهو صصقلا نم ريثك نم ةصق ةذه<br />
ةملكل يقيقلحا ىنعلما نادقف ىلع لاثم<br />
للاغتساب خلأا موقي امدنعف .)خلأا(<br />
امدختسم ةلئاعلا يف يعامتجلاا هعقوم<br />
،هتاوخأ دض يدسلجاو يظفللا فنعلا<br />
ةلئاع نم مكف .نهعم لصاوتلل ةليسو<br />
يف "طلستلما خلأا" ةلكشم نم يناعت<br />
؟انعمتجم<br />
طبترت ةيضق طلستلما خلأا ةيضق<br />
(تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/نلامشلا ءايلع ريوصت) .نهناوخإ طلست ببسب تايتفلا رايهنا<br />
هنكل ،يباحطصلا فتاهلا ىلع رغصلأا<br />
قئاسلا ىلإ تثدحتف ،مودقلا عطتسي مل<br />
حاتفلماب يل يتأي نأ هنم تبلط و<br />
تناك قئاسلا لصو امدنعو .يفاضلإا<br />
ىلإ تهجوت ،ًءاسم ١١:٣٠ ةعاسلا<br />
بناجب فقي ربكلأا يخأب اذإو يترايس<br />
ينرجي ذخأ ،هكلمتي بضغلاو ةرايسلا<br />
تامكلب يلع مجهتلاب ماقو هترايس ىلإ<br />
تطغ ،يكف رسك ىتح ةمحر نود ةيوق<br />
يانيع تمروتو يهجو ءادوسلا تامدكلا<br />
رذتعا .عيباسأ ةثلاث ةدلم ياتفشو<br />
لعفل هتعد يتلا بابسلأا نإ لاقو اقحلا<br />
طلستلما خلأا<br />
نلامشلا ءايلع<br />
لماعتلا نع ةزجاع ةقلقو ةفئاخ تناك<br />
قئاسلاب اهلاصتا ناك ،اهتلكشم عم<br />
نكلو ةلكشلما هذهل ديحولا للحا وه<br />
مل ؛لشفلاب تءاب ةديدعلا اهتلاواحم<br />
نأ تيشخو ،فتاهلا ىلع قئاسلا بجي<br />
،ىرخأب وأ ةقيرطب رملأاب اهوخأ فرعي<br />
ريغ ام صخش لخدت بلطتت ةلأسلما<br />
،ةسئاي اهسفن تدجو ،ريبكلا اهيخأ<br />
.حيتافملل اهنادقف ببسب اهتاذ بنؤت<br />
ةليل تناك :ةلئاق اهثيدح ةنمآ تأدب<br />
،لمعلا يف تنك ،يلماعلا يبد سأك<br />
يخأ تفتاه .يترايس حيتافم تدقفو
نم ريبك ددع ،رخلآا بنالجا يفو<br />
سبلالما ءادترا نأ نودقتعي ينملسلما<br />
يف اريبك ارود بعلي ةنيعم ةقيرطب<br />
.ينيدلا صلاخلإا نع ريبعتلا<br />
نم امئاد قلطنت ةريثك تاجاجتحا ةمث<br />
مهلأا لاؤسلا نكلو رايتخلاا ةيرح أدبم<br />
نكيم درفلا ةيصخش ءافخإ له ،ىقبي<br />
؟ةيرح دعي نأ<br />
لعجي لدلجا اذه نإف رملأا ةقيقح يف<br />
ًأطخ فينصتلا ىلع ةيصع ةركفلا<br />
ينب ،رظلحاو حامسلا ينب ،ًاباوص وأ<br />
ينب ،ماعلا عمتجلما قحو رايتخلاا ةيرح<br />
ينيدلا صلاخلإا رهوجب ةرهاظلا طبر<br />
لكلو ،ينبناج اذ لادج ىقبيو ،اهدييتحو<br />
.ةعنقلما هججح بناج<br />
فلخ اهتيلح تفخأ هتبيطخ نأب يعدي<br />
ةيسنلجا يبرع ريفس ةصق ،باقنلا<br />
ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةلود يف<br />
ةيلح هفاشتكا ببسب هجاوز ىغلأ<br />
اههجو تبجح دق تناك يتلا هتجوزل<br />
.اهاري نأ هل نستي ملف ،باقنلا ءارو<br />
ريزو بقل لمحي يذلاو يبرعلا لجرلا<br />
يعرشلا يضاقلا ىدل ىعدا ،ضوفم<br />
سورعلا ةلئاع نأ يبد يف ةمكلمحا يف<br />
ةقيقشل اروص هتدلاو ىلع تضرع<br />
!سورعلل سيلو سورعلا<br />
سمالخا يف رشن رخآ لاقم يفو<br />
ةديرج يف 2010 ربوتكأ نم رشع<br />
لوخد لواح لجر ةثداح ترشن نطولا<br />
ههجو ايفخم ينوناق ريغ لكشب ةلودلا<br />
ةيسنلجا يلاغنب لجرلا ناك ،باقنلاب<br />
بناج يماملأا دعقلما يف اسلاج<br />
يذلاو نامع ةلود نم ه.ك .قئاسلا<br />
ةءابعلا يف لجرلا نأب ةطرشلا ربخأ<br />
ةطرشلا نم ةطباض ىطعأو ،هتجوز<br />
ةيطرشلا ترصأف ،هتجوز رفس زاوج<br />
.باقنلا علخي نأب رفاسلما ىلع<br />
ءادترا اهببسي يتلا تاكابرلإل ارظن<br />
نأب تاموكلحا ضعب دقتعت ،باقنلا<br />
يف بعلاتلل مدختسي دق باقنلا<br />
ترظح لودلا نم ريثكلاف ،ةمظنلأا<br />
.تاحئاسلاو تابلاطلا ىلع باقنلا<br />
ضعب يف ةأرلما لازت ام رخآ بناج نم<br />
يف يشلما يف اهقح نع عفادت لودلا<br />
امازتلا هجولا ةاطغم ةماعلا قطانلما<br />
برغلا يف باقنلا ناك نإ !نكلو .اهنيدب<br />
ةقشلماو يرورضلا ريغ هابتنلاا بلجي<br />
رارصلإا بلاغي نأ يقطنلما نم لهف<br />
فدهلا ةيضقلا هذه يف تنعتلاو<br />
عضاوتلا سيركت يف باقنلا نم طيسبلا<br />
؟هابتنلاا تفل مدعو<br />
لكشب زكري نيد ملاسلإا نأ ابم<br />
يحاونلاو ةيحورلا بناولجا ىلع يسيئر<br />
صاخشلأا نم اريثك نإف ،ةيكولسلا<br />
ءافخإ نأ ةركف لبقتب ةبوعص نودجي<br />
اقيبطت و ،انيدت رثكأ اهلعجي ةأرلما هجو<br />
.للها نم ابرق وأ ملاسلإل<br />
تركذ ،يبد يف ةحصلا ةئيه يف<br />
تابجاو ءادلأ اهترايز للاخ يفو هنأب<br />
ةنجللا دارفأ دحأ ماق ،ةكم يف جلحا<br />
اهرهظم ىلع فنعب قيلعتلاب ةينيدلا<br />
اهلوان و ".هأرما اي كهجو يفخا" لائاق<br />
نضرعي يتلالا ءاسنلا :ناونعب ابيتك<br />
تدكأ نايمإ ةروتكدلا .تابنذم نههوجو<br />
لب ،ةمدصلل اريثم هكولس تدجو اهنأب<br />
.طيلمحا نم ةبهرلاب تسحأو<br />
ةلود يف باقنلل ءاسنلا ءادترا ةرهاظ<br />
يف رشتنت ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا<br />
هيلع داتعا رظنم وهف ،ةماعلا نكاملأا<br />
ىلعو ،ةلودلا يف حايسلاو نوميقلما<br />
باقنلا رظح ينناوق نس نم مغرلا<br />
تانيعستلا رخاوأ يف لمعلا ناكم يف<br />
تافظومو تاسردلما ضعب نأ لاإ<br />
نلزام تابيبطلا ضعبو لب ،لابقتسلاا<br />
.ىطغم هجوب نلمعي<br />
يبد ىفشتسم يف تابيبطلا ىدحإ<br />
اوبلط ىضرلما نم اددع نأب تدافأ<br />
مل ىضرلما نأب تدكأ امك ،اهتيؤر<br />
تلاماعلا ىدحإ ضفرب ءادعس اونوكي<br />
بابسلأ اههجو فشك ىفشلما يف<br />
.ةينيد<br />
نانسلأا ةبيبط عم رخآ ءاقل يف و<br />
ينامث ةدلم باقنلا تدترا يتلا ةمطاف<br />
ررقت يه اهو ،اهتايح نم تاونس<br />
قئاوعلا ببسب باقنلا سبل نع فقوتلا<br />
نوكأ نأ تببحأ :لوقت ،اهتفداص يتلا<br />
ينهلما يبجاو نأ تكردأ ينكل و ،ةبقنم<br />
ءادترا نم ىلوأ ياضرم عم لصاوتلاو<br />
مهدوزي يهجو فشك ناك اذإ ،باقنلا<br />
.كلذل ةدعتسم انأف ةنينأمطلاب<br />
هميق نم مغرلا ىلعو ،كلذ ىلع ةولاع<br />
نم ريثكلا نإف ،ةيملاسلإاو ةيديلقتلا<br />
بعلاتلل ةادأك هنومدختسي صاخشلاا<br />
مدختسا ثداوح نع غيلبتلا تم ثيح<br />
مايقلل باقنلا ءاسنلا و لاجرلا اهيف<br />
ىلع وطسلا لثم ةينوناق ريغ تاطاشنب<br />
.ةيصخشلا لاحتناو كونبلا<br />
ةلاقم يف 2010 رياربف نم رشاعلا يف<br />
لجر" ناونعب جيللخا ةديرج يف ترشن<br />
85
86<br />
لاكشلأا نم لكش يأب دابعتسلاا وأ<br />
باقنلا نسبل يتلالا ءاسنلا مظعم نلأ<br />
نم طغضب سيلو نهتدارإب هنسبل<br />
ةيضقلا هذه نإف ،لاح لك ىلع "دحأ<br />
ملاعلا لود مظعم يف شاقن راثم تسيل<br />
شيدلاجنبو ناتسناغفأ لثم ثلاثلا<br />
لاجرلل تاعبات نربتعي ءاسنلا نأ ثيح<br />
عقوتلما نم هنإف اذه ىلعو ،ةرورضلاب<br />
نئش انه قرف لا ،نهتيوه ءافخإ نهنم<br />
.ينبأ مأ<br />
ةيناغفلأا ةيعمالجا ةبلاطلا ةديملح اقفوو<br />
نهتفرع يتلالا ءاسنلا مظعم :يبد يف<br />
فيخلما فنعلا نم ينناع ناتسناغفأ نم<br />
روكذلا نهبراقأو نهجاوزأ دي ىلع<br />
ةنيعم ةقيرطب رتستلا نضفر نهنلأ<br />
كولسلا اذهب نهنإف عمتجلما ىري امكف<br />
.ةلئاعلا فرش ىلع نظفاحي مل<br />
ءاسنلا ءادترلا تباث ريسفت دجوي لا<br />
لك يف ريسافت ةدع كانه نكلو ،باقنلا<br />
.لامعتسلاا راشتنا ةعس رربت ةفاقث<br />
ماظنلا تتحو ،لاثلما ليبس ىلعف<br />
نسل ءاسنلا نإف ،يلالحا يناغفلأا<br />
ةيطغت ىلع يمسر لكشب تاربجم<br />
رارقتسلاا مدعل ارظن نكلو ،نههوجو<br />
مظعم نإف ،ةقطنلما يف يسايسلا<br />
نسبلي نلز ام ناتسناغفأ يف ءاسنلا<br />
ةيصخشلا ةملاسلا ىلع ظافحلل باقنلا<br />
ناتسكاب يف ةيفيرلا قطانلما يف كلذك<br />
نم ءزجك ءاسنلا لبق نم باقنلا سبلي<br />
ابم ،نيدلا ىلع دمتعت لا يتلا ديلاقتلا<br />
ةيسودنهلاو ةيحيسلما تايلقلأا كلذ يف<br />
ةنيدلماو ةكم لثم ىربكلا ندلما يف امنيب<br />
دعي هنإف ،ةيدوعسلا ةيبرعلا ةكلملماو<br />
نسبلي لا يتلالا ءاسنلاو ،ايرابجإ<br />
.ةيرخسلل نضرعتي باقنلا<br />
نايمإ ةروتكدلا عم ةلباقم يف<br />
يلئاعلا بطلا يف ًاثيدح ةصصختم<br />
نمض ءاسنلا داعبتسا ةلاح سركيل<br />
؟راطلإا كلذ<br />
اينيد ازمر سيل باقنلا<br />
دابعتسلال زمر وه انمإ<br />
كلذ ينعأ انأ .ءاردزلااو<br />
ةرهاظ سيل باقنلاف<br />
ىلع ةبوغرم وأ ةلوبقم<br />
ةيروهملجا ضرأ<br />
يزوكراس .ةيسنرفلا<br />
عوضولما اذه لوح تاشاقنلا تددعت<br />
ينب تاعمتجلما يف تاسراملما تفلتخاو<br />
ءادترلا عنم نم ةيبنجلأاو ةيبرعلا لودلا<br />
ملاعلا لوح لودلا نم ريثكلا يف باقنلا<br />
ىلإ ،دابعتسلال ةديدج ةملاع هرابتعاب<br />
ىلإ ،لودلا ضعب ىدل هئادترلا دييأت<br />
شيوشتلا ببست ةكبرم ةلاح هرابتعا<br />
.دلابلل ةيعامتجلاا ةينبلا ددهتو<br />
نوبضاغ مويلا ينملسلما نم ريثكلا<br />
نوري مهنلأ ؛باقنلا ةرهاظ راشتنا نم<br />
مكحتلل لاجرلا اهمدختسي ةليسو اهنأب<br />
.ءاسنلاب<br />
ةيرابخلإا ةاتفلا ىلع شاقن للاخ نم<br />
ةفلؤلما هتصن ام ىلإ ريشأ CNN<br />
:اهتنودم ىلع دمحأ ةبه ةبتاكلاو<br />
muslimmatters.org"<br />
يريسفتب لبقي لا صخش دوجو<br />
ينعي لا ،ايصخش هبجعي لا وأ ملاسلإل<br />
كاهتنلا ينناوق مدختسن نأ نكيم اننأب<br />
نيدلا ةيرحو ،ريبعتلل صاخشلاا ةيرح<br />
ملظلا لثيملا باقنلا نأب تعدا ًاضيأو<br />
باقنلل ىرخلأا هجولأا<br />
باجنب يمر<br />
زمر وه انمإ ،اينيد ازمر سيل باقنلا<br />
؛كلذ ينعأ انأ .ءاردزلااو دابعتسلال<br />
ةبوغرم وأ ةلوبقم ةرهاظ سيل باقنلاف<br />
لا .ةيسنرفلا ةيروهملجا ضرأ ىلع<br />
ءاسن اندلاب يف لبقتن نأ عيطتسن<br />
نم تامورحم ،عانق ءارو تانوجسم<br />
ببسب ةيعامتجلاا لئاسولا عيمج<br />
ةيروهملجا سيئر ،يزوكراس .نهئامتنا<br />
ةيسنرفلا<br />
هجولل ءاطغ هنأب باقنلا فرعي<br />
تفل بنجتل تاملسلما ءاسنلا همدختست<br />
.رخلآا سنلجا نم راظنلأاو هابتنلاا<br />
طبترا باقنلا موهفم نأ نم مغرلا ىلعو<br />
ةينيدلا هديلاقتو ،يملاسلإا ركفلاب<br />
باقنلا لوصأ نأ ءاملعلا ركذ دقف<br />
ترهظ ةيعامتجا تاسرامم ىلإ دوعت<br />
يواطنط دمحم خيشلا .ملاسلإا لبق<br />
ءاملع ربكأ دحأو رهزلأا ةعماج ديمع<br />
درجم باقنلا نأب ركذ رصم يف نيدلا<br />
يف روذج هل سيلو ،ضعبلا دنع ةداع<br />
سرادلما ىدحلإ هترايز دنع .ملاسلإا<br />
ةاتفل لاق ،رهزلأا ةعماجب ةطبترلما<br />
ملاسلإا لوصأب فرعأ :باقنلا يدترت<br />
كل لوقأ انأو ؛كادلاو فرعي امم رثكأ<br />
.هيعلخت نأ<br />
لبق الم ةيفللأا ىلإ باقنلا لوصأ دوعت<br />
ةيروطاربملاا يف رهظ دقف ،ملاسلإا<br />
ةدع ىلإ اهدعب لقتناو ،ةينامورلا<br />
يمدقلا نفلا مدقي ثيح ،ىرخأ تافاقث<br />
برعلا نم ءاسنل اروص ةيمدقلا راثلآاو<br />
ناك اذإف ؛باقنلا تايدترم سرفلا و<br />
اذاملف ،ايملاسإ لاصأ سيل باقنلا<br />
ءاسنلا ينب ةرثكب هئادترا ةرهاظ رشتنت<br />
ةيدوعسلا ةيبرعلا ةكلملما و رصم يف<br />
نأ نكملما نم له ،ىرخأ ةيبرع لود و<br />
مهف يف اكابتراو اطلاتخا ببسلا نوكي<br />
دمعتي نم كانه له ،بجاولاو ضورفلما<br />
؟ملاسلإا مساب ةرهاظلا هذه طبر
:باقنلا سبل<br />
؟! يصخش رايخ<br />
(تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/باجنب يمر :ميمصت) .باقنلاب هجولا ءافخإ<br />
87
باقنلل ىرخلأا هجولأا<br />
طلستلما خلأا<br />
ءاضيبلا ةحلسلأا<br />
نم قئاوع :ليلخا بوكرو ةأرلما<br />
؟ناسنلإا عنص<br />
مويلا بابشو تاطشنلما<br />
جامدنلاا ةبهرو ةبغر ينب .يبد ءاسفيسف<br />
ملاعلإا يف ينطوتلا<br />
87<br />
84<br />
81<br />
78<br />
؟ضماغ لبقتسم مأ كابشلا يف فده 75<br />
72<br />
69<br />
66<br />
اهتايعادتو اهيعاود فيظوتلا ضراعم 64<br />
87<br />
تايوتلمحا<br />
باقنلا سبل<br />
؟؟!! يصخش رايخ<br />
رجف ةلجم بحرت .ينيمسرلا اهيلثمم نم يأ وأ يبد يف ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك وأ ملاعلإا مسق وأ ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم ءارآ ةرورضلاب لثتم لا ددعلا اذه يف ةحورطلما ءارلآا<br />
.يبد-ةينقتلا تايلك-ملاعلإا مسق نع ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم ردصت .ريرحتلاو رشنلا قحب ظافتحلاا عم ،تايلكلا تابلاطو ةبلط عيمج نم ةيفحصلا تاباتكلاب ءارحصلا
رشانلا<br />
دير دراوه .د<br />
ريرحتلا<br />
باجنب يمر و نلامشلا ايلع<br />
ميمصتلا<br />
يرلما دمحم و لاعلما ايلم<br />
باتكلا<br />
ةبيشلا للها دبع<br />
يداملحا للها دبع<br />
نلامشلا ايلع<br />
رطم ءارفع<br />
ديبع ءامسأ<br />
يسلافلا ةنمآ<br />
يلع لآ نايمإ<br />
زانكلف هصح<br />
دمحم دولخ<br />
لاعلما ايلم<br />
دادلحا ءاثيم<br />
نادمح ءاثيم<br />
يميعنلا يمرم<br />
يمشاهلا يمرم<br />
يلع نب يمرم<br />
فيرشلا ةزوم<br />
يلهأ دمحم<br />
اضرلا دمحم<br />
يرلما دمحم<br />
باجنب يمر<br />
يديوسلا باحر<br />
يدعسلا ىملس<br />
سودنلما ةيماس<br />
بيطلخا رحس<br />
سالمأ ملاس ديعس<br />
فلاغلا<br />
يداملحا للها دبع<br />
ميمصتلاو ريرحتلا ويراشتسا<br />
بريح نانح .د<br />
ملاعلإا مسق ةريدم<br />
ةيبرعلا ةغللا ةررحم<br />
بانكم ارول<br />
ةيزيلنجلاا ةغللا<br />
ليمات وجرام<br />
ميمصتلا<br />
ربج وبأ ءاجر<br />
ةفاحصلا<br />
تابلاطلا ةيلك-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك<br />
+97142672929 :نوفيلت<br />
16062 :ديرب قودنص<br />
www.dwc.hct.ac.ae<br />
ناموين ينك .د عم لصاوتلا ءاجرلا ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم لوح ءارلآل<br />
+97142089455 مقر فتاه ىلع<br />
ىلع ينورتكلا ديرب لاسرإ وأ<br />
desert.dawn@hct.ac.ae<br />
ةنسلا تابلاط و بلاط ميمصت و ةباتك ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم<br />
يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك يف ملاعلإا مسق يف ةعبارلا<br />
ققحتي مل فدهلا اذه نأ نم مغرلا<br />
دعب ةبولطلما ةءافكلابو لماك لكشب<br />
نم ديدعلا تمدق ةبرجتلا هذه نأ لاإ<br />
بلاطلل ةديدلجا ةيميلعتلا تاربلخا<br />
عورشلما اذه يف ينكراشلما تابلاطلاو<br />
ةرادإ نع ديزلما ملعت لثم ،يفحصلا<br />
لمع نالج ليكشتو ،تاعوبطلما عيبو<br />
ةكراشبم ةيللمحا لدلجا اياضق ةشقانلم<br />
لمعلا كلذك يللمحا عمتجلما نم ءاكرش<br />
ينورتكللاا ةلجلما روضح ريوطت ىلع<br />
روكذلا ءارقلا نم ديزلما باطقتساو<br />
ةءارقلا عيراشم نم ديزلما ميمصتو<br />
نكيمو تابلاطلاو ةبلطلا ىلع اهحرطو<br />
نم ديزلما مضتل لوطت نأ ةمئاقلل<br />
تاربلخا نكلو ةيميلعتلا تاربلخا<br />
لمعلل ةيفاك افادهأ دعت افنآ ةروكذلما<br />
اهسيركتل رضالحا تقولا يف اهيلع<br />
.اديج<br />
تاروطتلا ةبكاومو ثيدحتلا راطإ يفو<br />
يف ايلعلا ةينقتلا يتيلك جمد ًاثيدح تم<br />
ةرادإ تتح )تابلاطلاو بلاطلا( يبد<br />
ىلع لمعنس اننأ ينعي امم ؛ةدحاو<br />
ةباتك ىلع روكذلا بلاطلا عيجشت<br />
رجف ةلجم ةءارقو ةيفحصلا تاقيقحتلا<br />
لوح تاشاقن يف ةكراشلماو ءارحصلا<br />
.ةلجلما اهحرطت يتلا اياضقلا<br />
تايلكل ةمداقلا ةلحرلما عم ًانمازتو<br />
ةلجلما مدقتت ،يبد يف ايلعلا ةينقتلا<br />
ةئيبلا عيجشت يف لاعاف ارود بعلت يكل<br />
ةيعوتلا اياضق حرط ىلع ةيميلعتلا<br />
يف ةيفاقثلاو ةيداصتقلااو ةيعامتجلاا<br />
.يميلعتلا اهاوتحم<br />
دير دراوه .د رشانلا<br />
+97142089202"<br />
howard.reed@hct.ac.ae"<br />
رشانلا ةملك<br />
ريوصت( يبد -ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك ريدم .دير دراوه .د<br />
)تابلاطلا ةيلك-يبد-ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك/ يلهأ دمحم<br />
ةقباسلا دادعلأا يف امك ددعلا اذه يف<br />
تردص يتلا ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم نم<br />
تابلاطلاو بلاطلا قيرف حرطي ارخؤم<br />
يتلاو ةمهلما تاعوضولما نم ديدعلا<br />
ةيللمحا ةفاحصلا يف ةداع حرطت لا<br />
ةفاقثلاوأ تانبلا ناتخ :عوضوم لثم<br />
اعد امم ؛مرالمحا انزوأ ةيسنلجا<br />
ايلعلا ةينقتلا تايلك ءاكرش نم ضعبلا<br />
ليكشت حارتقاب مدقتلل يبد عمتجم يف<br />
ةداج ططخ عضول ةكرتشم لمع نالج<br />
عيضاولما عم ةءانب ةقيرطب لماعتلل<br />
ءارحصلا رجف ةلجم اهحرطت يتلا<br />
ةيعون ةلقن ةردابلما هذه مدقتو<br />
ةلجلما هيلإ وبصت تناك ام ققتح<br />
مدخي يعامتجا لعافت ءانب نم<br />
ىوتلمحا فدهي .يللمحا عمتجلما<br />
ةدايز ىلإ ةلجلما هحرطت يذلا<br />
ةيعامتجلاا اياضقلاب ءارقلا ةيعوت<br />
ىلعو ،ةفداهو ةءانب شاقن ةصنم ربع
ةمزلالا ةقاطلاب كّدُيم يحابصلا راطفلإا<br />
.هلمكأب مويلل<br />
راطفلإا ةبجو نولمهي نيذلا صاخشلأا<br />
يف ملأ وأ عادص مهبيصي دق يحابصلا<br />
مهتيويح نودقفي ام ًابلاغو ةدعلما<br />
اوحبصي نأ نكملما نمو ،مهزيكرتو<br />
.ةيملاك تانحاشم يف اولخديو ينيجازم<br />
كموي أدبا...قح كيلع كندبل<br />
يحابصلا راطفلإاب