i Detection of Smoke and Dust Aerosols Using Multi-sensor Satellite ...

4.2 Methodology ...........................................................................................................................52
4.2.1 Threshold and accuracy analysis..................................................................................52
4.2.2 Flowchart......................................................................................................................53
4.3 Results.....................................................................................................................................56
4.4 Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................58
5. DUST DETECTION BY COMBINING CALIPSO AND MODIS
MEASUREMENTS ......................................................................................................60
5.1 CALIPSO Instrument and Measurements...............................................................................61
5.1.1 CALIPSO instruement .................................................................................................61
5.1.2 CALIPSO measurements and VFM product................................................................63
5.2 Detecting Aerosol by Combining CALIPSO and MODIS Measurements..............................66
5.2.1 Methodology ................................................................................................................66
5.2.2 Results..........................................................................................................................67
5.3 Chapeter Summary..................................................................................................................72
6. VALIDATION OF SMOKE AND DUST AEROSOLS DETECTION WITH
MULTI-SENSOR MEASUREMENTS ........................................................................74
6.1 Validation of Aerosol Detection with OMI .............................................................................74
6.1.1 OMI sensor...................................................................................................................75
6.1.2 OMI UVAI....................................................................................................................76
6.1.3 Validation of smoke detection with OMI UVAI...........................................................76
6.1.2 Validation of dust monitoring with OMI UVAI............................................................80
6.2 Validating Dust Detection with CALIPSO..............................................................................82
6.3 Undeted Smoke Plume............................................................................................................86
6.4 Chapter Summary....................................................................................................................88
7. IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF MODIS SPATIAL CHARACTERIZATION ON
DETECTION RESULTS ...........................................................................................................89
7.1 MODIS Spatial Calibration and Characterization...................................................................89
7.1.1 Mis-registration ............................................................................................................90
7.1.2 Spatial characterization with SRCA.............................................................................92
7.1.3 MODIS spatial characterization using ground target approach....................................95
7.1.3.1 Site for spatial characterization using ground target approach............................96
7.1.3.2 Date source..........................................................................................................96
7.1.3.3 Alogrithm ............................................................................................................98
7.1.3.4 Results .................................................................................................................99
7.2 Impact Assessment of MODIS Spatial Characterization....................................................... 102
7.2.1 Impact on the L1B measurements ..............................................................................102
7.2.1.1 Uncertainty from SZA correction......................................................................102
7.2.1.2 Real impact on L1B Measurements ..................................................................106
7.2.2 Impact analysis of mis-registration on science data products ....................................106
7.2.2.1 Theoretical impact analysis of science data product by mis-registration ..........108
7.2.2.2 Impact on detection of dust storm .....................................................................109
7.3 Chapter Summary.................................................................................................................. 113
8. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTION.........................................................114
8.1 Conclusions........................................................................................................................... 114
8.2 Limitations ............................................................................................................................ 116
8.3 Future Directions................................................................................................................... 117
9. REFERENCE...............................................................................................................119
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