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etadd_46(4) - Division on Autism and Developmental Disabilities

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TABLE 1—(C<strong>on</strong>tinued)<br />

Summary of Demographic <strong>and</strong> Procedural Variables<br />

Independent Variable<br />

(C<strong>on</strong>trolling Prompt) Error Rates<br />

Participants (Target<br />

Participants) Setting Pupil: Teacher Ratio Dependent Variable<br />

Authors<br />

Instructi<strong>on</strong> 0% Probes<br />

14–19%<br />

Model with verbal<br />

descripti<strong>on</strong><br />

11 - 15 step task analysis<br />

for purchasing<br />

Community settings<br />

(grocery store, pastry<br />

shop, <strong>and</strong> dry cleaning<br />

store)<br />

Instructi<strong>on</strong> 0.3%<br />

Probes 7.5%<br />

Verbal Model of correct<br />

resp<strong>on</strong>se<br />

Tekin-Iftar (2008) 3 with <strong>Autism</strong>, 1 with<br />

MoID; 7–12 years old;<br />

Parent-delivered<br />

instructi<strong>on</strong><br />

Tekin-Iftar, Kurt, & Acar (2008) 2 with mental retardati<strong>on</strong>;<br />

7-8 years old<br />

Instructi<strong>on</strong> not reported<br />

Probes not reported<br />

Verbal model of correct<br />

resp<strong>on</strong>se<br />

3 students with MoID;<br />

9–11 years old<br />

Waugh, Fredrick, & Alberto<br />

(2009)<br />

Not reported<br />

Verbal Model of correct<br />

resp<strong>on</strong>se<br />

5 with MoID (IQ 40–<br />

<str<strong>on</strong>g>46</str<strong>on</strong>g>); 12-15 years old<br />

Alberto, Waugh, & Fredrick<br />

(2010)<br />

Instructi<strong>on</strong> 2.14%<br />

Probes 6.57%<br />

Verbal prompt paired with a<br />

model<br />

3 with MID, 2 with<br />

MoID; 11–14 years<br />

Gursel, Tekin-Iftar, & Bozkurt<br />

(2006)<br />

Verbal prompt paired with a Not reported<br />

model<br />

Verbal of correct resp<strong>on</strong>se Instructi<strong>on</strong> 8.6%– 17.6%<br />

Probes 15.2%–26.4%<br />

University Unit (1:1) Tool identificati<strong>on</strong> with<br />

instructive feedback;<br />

intermittent probe<br />

C<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s<br />

Self-c<strong>on</strong>tained classroom Correct reading of sight-<br />

in public school (1:1) words, letter-sound<br />

corresp<strong>on</strong>dences, <strong>and</strong><br />

blending skills<br />

Middle School<br />

Self-c<strong>on</strong>tained classroom Verbal reading <strong>and</strong><br />

in public school (2:1 motoric dem<strong>on</strong>strati<strong>on</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> 3:1)<br />

of comprehensi<strong>on</strong> of<br />

individual sight words<br />

<strong>and</strong> c<strong>on</strong>nected text<br />

Classroom (2:1);<br />

Discrete skills -<br />

heterogeneous dyadic identificati<strong>on</strong> of<br />

grouping<br />

provinces, rivers, <strong>and</strong><br />

border countries <strong>on</strong><br />

Turkish map <strong>and</strong><br />

expressive identificati<strong>on</strong><br />

of math symbols<br />

Self-c<strong>on</strong>tained classroom 12-step task analysis for<br />

(1:1)<br />

subtracti<strong>on</strong> with decimals<br />

Classroom (1:1) Recall of multiplicati<strong>on</strong><br />

Facts<br />

Not reported<br />

CTD vs Simultaneous<br />

Prompting<br />

Different discrete tasks -<br />

(1) expressively read<br />

words from general<br />

educati<strong>on</strong> vocabulary<br />

lists (2) Verbally define<br />

key vocabulary words<br />

Acquisiti<strong>on</strong> of community<br />

signs with instructive<br />

feedback<br />

Special educati<strong>on</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />

general educati<strong>on</strong><br />

classrooms (large<br />

group)<br />

Rao & Kane (2009) 2 with Educable Mental<br />

Impairement<br />

Rao & Mallow (2009) 2 with cognitive<br />

impairments (IQ <br />

49 & 62)<br />

Riesen et al. (2003) 1 with autism, 2 with<br />

multiple disabilities<br />

(IQ 50–55), 1 with<br />

MID (IQ 58–70); 2<br />

paraprofessi<strong>on</strong>als<br />

Instructi<strong>on</strong> 1.1%<br />

Probes 2.21%<br />

Verbal Model of correct<br />

resp<strong>on</strong>se<br />

Counselor’s Office in a<br />

public school (tutor<br />

dyads)<br />

Tekin-Iftar (2003) 4 typical peers, 4 with<br />

developmental<br />

disabilities; 10-13<br />

years old<br />

Instructi<strong>on</strong> 0%<br />

Probes 29%<br />

Verbal Model of correct<br />

resp<strong>on</strong>se<br />

Expressive identificati<strong>on</strong> of<br />

first aid materials <strong>and</strong><br />

instructive feedback<br />

Classroom in a public<br />

school (1:1)<br />

Tekin-Iftar, Acar, & Kurt (2003) 3 with MID; 13–14 years<br />

old<br />

Simultaneous Prompting / 531

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