etadd_46(4) - Division on Autism and Developmental Disabilities
etadd_46(4) - Division on Autism and Developmental Disabilities
etadd_46(4) - Division on Autism and Developmental Disabilities
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Educati<strong>on</strong> <strong>and</strong> Training in <strong>Autism</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Developmental</strong> <strong>Disabilities</strong>, 2011, <str<strong>on</strong>g>46</str<strong>on</strong>g>(4), 607-618<br />
© <str<strong>on</strong>g>Divisi<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>Autism</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Developmental</strong> <strong>Disabilities</strong><br />
Effects of Presessi<strong>on</strong> Satiati<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> Challenging Behavior <strong>and</strong><br />
Academic Engagement for Children with <strong>Autism</strong> during<br />
Classroom Instructi<strong>on</strong><br />
M<strong>and</strong>y J. Rispoli<br />
Texas A&MUniversity<br />
Jeff Sigafoos<br />
Victoria University of Wellingt<strong>on</strong><br />
Soye<strong>on</strong> Kang<br />
University of Texas at Austin<br />
Richard Parker<br />
Texas A&MUniversity<br />
Mark F. O’Reilly<br />
University of Texas at Austin<br />
Russell Lang<br />
Texas State University<br />
Giulio Lanci<strong>on</strong>i<br />
University of Bari<br />
Abstract: We evaluated the effects of presessi<strong>on</strong> satiati<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> challenging behavior <strong>and</strong> academic engagement<br />
during subsequent classroom activities for three 5–6 year-old children with autism. The percentage of 10-s<br />
intervals with challenging behavior <strong>and</strong> academic engagement during 20-min classroom activity sessi<strong>on</strong>s was<br />
observed under two c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s. One c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong> involved presessi<strong>on</strong> satiati<strong>on</strong>, in which participants were given<br />
unrestricted access to tangible items that maintained their challenging behavior prior to the classroom sessi<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
This presessi<strong>on</strong> satiati<strong>on</strong> c<strong>on</strong>tinued until the children rejected the tangible item three times. The sec<strong>on</strong>d c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong><br />
did not entail presessi<strong>on</strong> satiati<strong>on</strong> prior to the beginning of classroom sessi<strong>on</strong>s. Effects of the two c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s <strong>on</strong><br />
challenging behavior <strong>and</strong> academic engagement were evaluated using individual participant alternating<br />
treatments designs. Results dem<strong>on</strong>strated that the presessi<strong>on</strong> satiati<strong>on</strong> c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong> was associated with c<strong>on</strong>sistently<br />
lower percentages of intervals with challenging behavior <strong>and</strong> c<strong>on</strong>sistently higher percentages of intervals with<br />
academic engagement.<br />
Children with autism spectrum disorder<br />
(ASD) often engage in challenging behaviors,<br />
which can lead to social isolati<strong>on</strong> <strong>and</strong> decreased<br />
time spent in instructi<strong>on</strong> (Horner,<br />
Albin, Sprague, & Todd, 2000). Antecedent<br />
interventi<strong>on</strong>s have been successfully used to<br />
decrease challenging behavior (Kern,<br />
Choutka, & Sokol, 2002). Antecedent interventi<strong>on</strong>s<br />
involve altering the envir<strong>on</strong>ment to<br />
eliminate variables that set the occasi<strong>on</strong> for<br />
challenging behavior (Luiselli, 2006). Recently,<br />
a subcategory of antecedent interventi<strong>on</strong>s<br />
for challenging behavior has gained at-<br />
Corresp<strong>on</strong>dence c<strong>on</strong>cerning this article should<br />
be addressed to M<strong>and</strong>y J. Rispoli, Texas A & M<br />
University, 4225 TAMU, College Stati<strong>on</strong>, TX 77843.<br />
Email: mrispoli@tamu.edu<br />
tenti<strong>on</strong>. This category focuses <strong>on</strong> addressing<br />
an individual’s motivati<strong>on</strong> to engage in a specific<br />
behavior <strong>and</strong> is referred to as the manipulati<strong>on</strong><br />
of motivating operati<strong>on</strong>s (MO) (Laraway,<br />
Snycerski, Michael, & Poling, 2003). An<br />
MO is an event that alters the value of reinforcement<br />
<strong>and</strong> the frequency of behavior previously<br />
correlated with such reinforcement<br />
(Laraway, et al. 2003).<br />
In some cases, biological events, such as<br />
hunger, lack of sleep, or illness can functi<strong>on</strong><br />
as MOs by altering an individual’s motivati<strong>on</strong><br />
to engage in a specific behavior (e.g. Carr &<br />
Smith, 1995; O’Reilly, 1995; O’Reilly, 1997).<br />
For example, Kennedy <strong>and</strong> Meyer (1996) c<strong>on</strong>ducted<br />
a functi<strong>on</strong>al analysis of three individual’s<br />
challenging behavior across several weeks.<br />
They found that when the participants had<br />
less sleep (two participants) or were experi-<br />
Effects of Presessi<strong>on</strong> Satiati<strong>on</strong> / 607