physicochemical and functional properties of crawfish chitosan as ...

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Varum K.M, Ottoy M.H, Smidsrod O. Acid hydrolysis of chitosans. Carbohydr. Polym. 2001. 46(1):89-98. Wang G. H. Inhibition and Inactivation of Five Species of Foodborne Pathogens by Chitosan. Journal of Food protection. 1992. 55(11):916-919. Weiner, M. L., 1992. An overview of the regulatory status and of the safety of chitin and chitosan as food and pharmaceutical ingredients. In: Brine, C.J., Sandford, P.A., Zikakis, J.P. (Eds.)., Advances in chitin and chitosan. Elsevier, London, p.663-670. Whistler, R.S. and BeMiller, J.N. 1962. Chitin. J. Org. Chem. 27. p.1161. Wu, A.C.M. and Bough, W.A. 1978. A study of variables in the chitosan manufacturing process in relation to molecular-weight distribution, chemical characteristics and waste treatment effectiveness. In Proceedings of the First International Conference on Chitin/Chitosan; R.A.A. Muzzarelli and E.R. Pariser (Ed.) p.88. MIT Sea Grant Program, Cambridge, MA. Yalpani, M., Johnson, F. and Robinson, L.E. Antimicrobial activity of some chitosan derivatives. In "Advances in Chitin and Chitosan", Proceedings from the 5th International Conference on Chitin and Chitosan, Brine, C.J., Sandford, P.A. and Zikakis, J.P.(Eds.), 1992. p. 543-548. Elsevier Applied Science, NY. 76
APPENDIX A. DATA OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS (TABLE OR FIGURE) Yield (%) APPENDIX 1. Crawfish Chitosan Production Yield 19 18.5 18 17.5 17 16.5 16 15.5 DCMPA DMCPA DMPCA DMPAC DPMCA DCMPA=decolorized, demineralized, deproteinized, deacetylated; DMCPA= demineralized, decolorized, deproteinized, deacetylated; DMPCA= demineralized, deproteinized, decolorized, deacetylated; DMPAC= demineralized, deproteinized, deacetylated, decolorized; and DPMCA= deproteinized, demineralized, decolorized, deacetylated. APPENDIX 2. Moisture Content Measurement of Crawfish and Commercial Chitosans M o istu re co n ten t (% ) 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 c c c 77 c DCMPA DMCPA DMPCA DMPAC DPMCA Vanson75 Sigma 91 DCMPA=decolorized, demineralized, deproteinized, deacetylated; DMCPA= demineralized, decolorized, deproteinized, deacetylated; DMPCA= demineralized, deproteinized, decolorized, deacetylated; DMPAC= demineralized, deproteinized, deacetylated, decolorized; and DPMCA= deproteinized, demineralized, decolorized, deacetylated. Commercial crab chitosans (Vanson75 and Sigma91). c a b
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PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROP
Page 3 and 4:
TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Page 5 and 6:
LIST OF TABLES 1. Applications of C
Page 7 and 8:
ABSTRACT Chitosan is made from chit
Page 9 and 10:
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Chitosan is
Page 11 and 12:
Crawfish shell as well as crustacea
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5. Investigate the effect of deacet
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With regards to their chemical stru
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acetic acid. The second advantage i
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lower viscosity chitosan obtained f
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not deacetylated sufficiently to be
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2.2.8 Emulsification Even though ch
Page 25 and 26:
2.2.10 Formation of Film Chitosan h
Page 27 and 28:
Fortunately, the sequence of demine
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of the demineralization process. El
Page 31 and 32:
2.4 Factors Affecting Production of
Page 33 and 34: (0.841-0.177 mm) had no effect on t
Page 35 and 36: methods are those of Hackman (1954)
Page 37 and 38: degree of deacetylation, and molecu
Page 39 and 40: 2.6.3 In Medical In the study condu
Page 41 and 42: 2) DM (Demineralization) Depending
Page 43 and 44: analyze. The encapsulated sample wa
Page 45 and 46: and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 1
Page 47 and 48: with 0.03% Oil-Red-O biological sta
Page 49 and 50: CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Re
Page 51 and 52: The shell was almost impossible to
Page 53 and 54: ut the values were slightly higher
Page 55 and 56: %DD values. Thus, accurate determin
Page 57 and 58: degradation of the chitosan structu
Page 59 and 60: treatment for deproteinization. In
Page 61 and 62: chitosan samples, we arbitrarily de
Page 63 and 64: Amongst the five types of oil used,
Page 65 and 66: - 0.5% chitosan solution only. Even
Page 67 and 68: showed 271 ml/g. All modified chito
Page 69 and 70: At 0.1% concentration of chitosan,
Page 71 and 72: CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS T
Page 73 and 74: REFERENCES Alimuniar and Zainuddin.
Page 75 and 76: pigment concentration in oil extrac
Page 77 and 78: Jeon, Y.J., Shahidi, F., and Kim, S
Page 79 and 80: Utilization of Louisiana Crawfish P
Page 81 and 82: Ogawa, S., Decker, E., McClememts D
Page 83: Smith, J.P. Simpson, B.K. and Morri
Page 87 and 88: APPENDIX 5. Degree of Deacetylation
Page 89 and 90: Bulk density (g/ml) APPENDIX 9. Bul
Page 91 and 92: WBC (%) 1200.0 1000.0 800.0 600.0 4
Page 93 and 94: APPENDIX 13. Emulsion Capacity Meas
Page 95 and 96: APPENDIX 15. Emulsion Viscosity Mea
Page 97 and 98: APPENDIX 18. DMPCA y = 33.471x + 9.
Page 99 and 100: APPENDIX 21. Vanson 75 y = 21.926x
Page 101 and 102: APPENDIX C. DATA OF DEGREE OF DEACE
Page 103 and 104: APPENDIX 27. DPMCA(control) A1655 =
Page 105 and 106: APPENDIX D. DATA OF AMOUNTS OF OIL
Page 107: VITA The author was born in Taegu,
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