It must be understood by all those who read these charters that this ...

THE SAXON LAND CHARTERS OF WILTSHIRE. I ~J\
that it is a copyist's error, where he has by mistake repeated
the landmark of 9. If Pend.es Clif was that part of the slope
quite near the NW. corner of the parish—and, for the general
reason given above, that may be the case—then the Swelgende
of 15 may be commemorated in the field-name Fountain
Hole which occurs 3 fur. WSW. of Southgrove Farm (OMi).
The existence of old quarries is not always recorded on
OM6 ; their presence on, or absence from, the map depend
on the minuteness with which the individual surveyor has
worked ; and there is no Crundel marked on the N. by.
anywhere E. of, and near, the last landmark. But an examination
of the by. might discover the site. It would
probably be at one of the numerous bends which the by.
makes in this part. The short lynch, or white lynch,
was probably on the slope of Grafton Down (OMi), near
the NE. bend of the by.
18. Thanon east to thara Threora Aeeera and Heafdon :
' Then east to the (Corner) Headland of the Three Strips
of Ploughland.'
Than est to the Thre Akerys and have hem thre.
Tunc versus orientem ad illas tres acras quas habeas.
I have inserted the ME. and Lat. forms because they
throw further light on the copyists of them : (1) that they
were not recording an original survey of their own time,
but translating the AS. survey ; (2) that they were imperfect
in their knowledge of Anglo-Saxon.
The orientation of this landmark shows that the survey
is still traversing the N. by., i.e. is going E. Where the headland
was cannot be said ; but it was probably near the NE.
corner of the parish.
19. Thanon to than Wylle on Collengaburnan : ' Then
to the Spring at the Bourne of the Collings.'
This brings the survey to 1.
It is quite evident that all landmarks on the E. and the
E. part of the S. by. have been either intentionally or
accidentally omitted.
A similar phenomenon is noticeable in the survey of
the Broad Chalke charter, B.917. It is doubtless the case
that these parts of the Collingbourne by. abutted on the
Forest of Chute ; and in post-Conquest times that forest
would have set boundaries. But it is not likely that it had
such bounds before the Conquest. It is just possible that