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THE SAXON LAND CHARTERS OF WILTSHIRE. I ~J\ Charter of lands at (1) Little Hinton, 5 m. ESE. of Swindon ; (2) Wanborough, 4 m. ESE. of Swindon. B.477-8-9; K.1053. RD. (of grant, and of the survey of Little Hinton) A.D. 854 ; (of the survey of Wanborough) A.D. 1043ι°53· Granted by Athulf, king of the West Saxons, to the church (cathedral) of SS. Peter and Paul, Winchester. Hides. 20 (which probably include both parcels of land). Names, (a) in the body of B.477, Wenbeorgen ; (b) in the survey attached to B.477, Wenbeorgan ; (c) in an endorsement of B.477, Wenbeorgen, Hynyton ; (d) in the body of B.478, Waenbeorgon ; (e) in a 13th cent, endorsement of B.478, Wenbergh, Hyneton, Waenbeorgan ; and in a 14th cent, endorsement, Hynetune ; (J) in the survey of B.479, Wenbeorgan. Ident. Κ. ? B. Hinton Ampner, Hants. B.477 records the grant in Latin, to which is appended a survey of Little Hinton. B.478 records the grant in Anglo-Saxon, but has no survey attached to it. B.479 is a survey of the lands of Wanborough dating from two centuries later than the reputed date of the grant. The surveys are both of them without doubt founded on originals of the AS. age. Survey of Little Hinton. B.477. 1. Of Smitan on thone Stan : ' From Smita to the Stone.' Smita is mentioned in the Wanborough survey of B.479, and it is quite clear that it is the old name of the river Cole. The survey seems to begin at the NE. corner of Little Hinton parish, i m. NNW. of Acorn Wood (OMi). The stone must have been on the E. by. just S. of this point. 2. Of, etc. on thone Ealdan An (sic) 1 As the nature of the landmark is not shown in the text, all that can be said is that it stood towards the N. end of the E. by. of Little Hinton. 1 An is possibly the termination of an oblique case of some word which the copyist has failed to insert. It has no meaning in the context. But it is more probable that the copyist has by mistake repeated the -an of Ealdan, and omitted Eadenne, which appears as the terminus a quo of the next landmark, his eye having passed over the first to the second Eadenne in the text.
THE SAXON LAND CHARTERS OF WILTSHIRE. I ~J\ 3. Of than Eadenne innan 1 Lentan : ' From the Water Dean to Lenta.' Lenta 2 was the old name of the stream which comes down in a NNW. direction past Hinton Marsh Farm (OMi) to join the Smita stream above mentioned. For some distance before joining the Smita the stream is at the present day in two branches, of which the western one, which forms the by. of Hinton, is obviously artificial. Judging from the landmarks given above, this artificial branch was either not in existence in AS. times, or, if it was, did not extend the whole way to the Smita. The water dean is no doiibt the depression through which the Lenta flows. 4. Of, etc. on gean thone stream on thone Greatan Thome stent bae Lentan Stathe : ' From Lenta up stream to the Great Thorntree which stands by the Bank of Lenta.' This thorn, as is shown by the wording, must have been on the by. before it in its passage S. leaves the line of the Lenta. The tree stood probably where the by. leaves the Lenta £ m. S. of Hinton Marsh Farm (OMi). The upper part of the Lenta is in Bishopstone parish, its source being certain springs in the N. part of that village. 5. Of, etc. on tha Weter Furh innan Smalan Broe : ' From the Thorntree to the Water Furrow to the Narrow Brook.' Narrow Brook is that tributary of the Lenta which comes down from Little Hinton village, joining the main stream at Botswicky Copse (OM6), 2£ fur. S. of Lower Farm (OMi) in Bishopstone. Between the thorntree of 4 and the place where the by. impinges on Narrow Brook is an artificial watercourse about ^ m. long which the by. follows. This is no doubt the water furrow of the charter. 6. Of, etc. on than Stenihte Hline : ' From the Narrow brook to the Stony Lynch.' The lie of the ground makes it necessary that the lynch 1 In this survey innan is used where the word on is used in most surveys. I have no doubt that in the case of this survey the composer meant it to mean simply ' to.' But in many other surveys it is evidently used in a more special sense. What that is, I am very uncertain. There is a correspon- dent term utan, which is much more rare in the charters. I am inclined to think that innan in its special use meant that the by. passed or touched the landmark cited on the inside, while utan meant that it touched it on the outside. But I am by no means certain that this explanation is correct. 8 Ekwall (PL N. Lanes.) says that this is no doubt a Celtic name, to be compared with Welsh Lliant,' a stream.'
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