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THE SAXON LAND CHARTERS OF WILTSHIRE. I ~J\ mentioned. I have therefore taken it to mean that the by. comes back on itself in some way. That is what the old by. of Alton Priors did. Where the present by. meets the ridgeway just N. of the point where that track cuts through the Wansdyke, the old by., instead of following the road in a NE. direction, went just E. of S., leaving to the E. that part of the modern parish of Alton Priors which formerly belonged to Alton Barnes. This was transferred to Alton Priors in quite recent times, at a date later than the making of the Tithe Award in the earlier half of the nineteenth cen tury. The old by. ran southwards, and passed about 250 yds. E. of the house called New Town (OMi). Thus, when it met the ridgeway, the old by. doubled back on itself as it were, and passed through the gap which the ridgeway had cut in the Wansdyke, a gap called in the modern map (OM6) Red Shore, where ' shore ' (from the AS. sceoran, to ' cut ') means a gap cut in something. 1 This is the red gate of the charter. 6. Thonon on anne Micelne Stan aer thaer Hlinca East Heafdum : ' Then to a Great Stone before (reaching) the East Headlands of the Lynches (Shelfs of Ploughland).' The old by. now descended into a valley, and the lynches must have been on the N. slope of the valley. Perhaps the micel stan still remains in situ—the boulder marked (OM6) on the road about 80 yds. S. of the Red Shore (OM6). This is about 3 fur. N. of the house at New Town (OMi). 7. Thonon on otherne Micelne Stan on tham Wege middan on thaere Daene Bytnan the ligeth ut on Woddes (Wodnes ?) Geat : ' Then to the other Great Stone to the Track in the middle of the bottom of the Dean which runs to Woden's Gate.' This track is now represented by the road which runs NE. past New Town (OMi). It follows the bottom of the valley. The track runs SW. direct on Woden's Barrow (Adam's Grave of OMi) ; and Woden's Gate must have been on the track near the barrow. It is not, of course, one of the landmarks of the survey. 8. Thonon on aenne Crundol on than Suthlithe niotheweardum : ' Then to a Quarry or Stonepit on the South Slope (low down on it ?).' 1 A kindred word is found in the Hants dialect, where a ' shard gate ' means a gap cut in a hedge to afford a passage through.
THE SAXON LAND CHARTERS OF WILTSHIRE. I ~J\ 9. Thonon upp ofer tha Dune on aenne Thorn stent inne on thaere Die be eastan Cieeling Wege : ' Then up over the Down to a Thorntree standing on the near side of the Dyke to the east of Ciceling Way.' 10. Thonon and lang thaes Hlinces : ' Then along the Lynch.' 11. Of Moxes Dune on thane Ealdan Walzveg : ' From Mox's Down to the Old . . . way.' 12. To Weaseing Wege niothe zveardun : ' To the Way to the Sheepwashing-place downward.' 13. On thone Die : ' To the Dyke.' 14. Thonon on Wic Leage : ' Then to the Lea of the Dairy Farm.' Wics were near streams, because they had to be near the mead. Also the mention of the sheepwashing-place in 12 suggests that the by. is arriving near a stream. 15. Thonon on anaes Hlinces Heafod : 'Then to the Headland of a Lynch.' 16. On Beorhtnothes Ge maero: 'To Beorhtnoth's Balk.' 17. Thonon on ge hrihta to Ruwan Hlincae : 'Then straight to Rough Lynch.' 18. Thonon and langes thaes Hlinces to Heathbrihtinge Leage niothozueardne : ' Then along the Lynch to the Lea of the Heathbrihts (at its lower end ?).' 19. Thonon on anne Ealdne Holne Weg and lang thaes Slades to Aepelforda : ' Then to an old Hollow Way along the Slade to the Ford of the Appletree.' 20. Thonon andlang thaes Broces be tham Ealden Eadenne aeft to thaem Aewylle : ' Then along the Brook by the Old River Dean once more to the Great Spring.' This is the end of the first section of the survey. But there is a landmark mentioned in the second part of the survey, viz. Taesan Maed, the name of which survives at the present day in that of Tawsmead Farm (OMi) which stands due E. of the N. end of the village. This makes it pretty clear that the old by. of the first section of the survey did not pass E. of this farm ; and what is probable is that it continued from the point to which it has been traced, namely 7, due S. till it met the present S. by. of the parish about 80 yds. W. of the SW. corner of Tawsmead Copse (OMi).
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