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THE SAXON LAND CHARTERS OF WILTSHIRE. I ~J\ even be a contemporary record of the survey made at the time of the grant. Survey. 1. Aerest of thare Anlipigan Aee to Maetelmesburg weste iveardan : ' First from the Oak which stands alone to the west side of Maethel's Camp.' 1 Certain landmarks in this survey serve as keys to the elucidation of the whole of it, so much so that the positions of the less recognizable landmarks may be satisfactorily determined. The camp here mentioned is the great camp on Martinsell Hill in the NE. part of the parish (OMi). As surveys generally begin at a cardinal angle in a by. it is probable that the lonely oaktree stood at the extreme NE. corner of the parish at the middle of the W. side of Clench Common (OMi). 2. Thonon adune to Ealheardesleage westeweardre: ' Then down to the westerly side of Ealheard's Lea.' 3. Thonon on Maerdenum : ' Then to the Boundary Deans (valleys).' I suspect the plural form of denu here is a mistake. The dean is pretty well marked as that on the E. by. f m. NW. of Broomsgrove Farm (OMi). The lea of 2 was probably at the foot of the hillslope about 1 fur. W. of the N. end of Broomsgrove Wood (OMi) 4. Of, etc. on Maerwylle : ' From Boundary Dean(s) to the Spring on the Boundary.' This was probably just N. of the Avon at Milkhouse Water (OMi). 5. Thonon forth to Η eafodstoeeum 2 : 'Then on to the Headland Stakes.' 6. Of, etc. to Hundesgeate : ' From the Headstocks to Dog's Gate.' 7. Of, etc. to Maerthorne : ' From Dog's Gate to the Thorntree on the Boundary.' 8. Of, etc. to thaere Hylle the is suth on thaere Hyrnan : 1 1 think that there is no doubt that, as is sometimes the case in surveys, the copyist has written weste for este. There is the possibility thit the orientation term in -an implied that the landmark stood W. of the by. and not the by. W. of the landmark. But. though I have tried by induction from assured instances to find out whether there was any difference in the meanings of terms of orientation ending in -e, -an, and -ne, and, if so, what was the difference, I have not been able to arrive at any conclusion—probably because copyists were careless in transcribing these endings. 2 See p. 178.
THE SAXON LAND CHARTERS OF WILTSHIRE. I ~J\ ' From Boundary Thorntree to the Hill which is south (of ?) the Recess (or Corner).' 9. Thonne west thonon to Wroht Thome : ' Then west on to the Thorntree of (Strife ? Crime P).' 1 10. Of, etc. on Ceolbrihtes Seath : ' From . . . Thorntree to Ceolbriht's Pit.' This is undoubtedly an old pit which is marked in OM6 on the by. 3-J fur.' SSE. of Down Farm (OMi) in the S. part of the parish. In a perambulation of Everley dating from 1591 it is called Carrell Pit. The Wroht Thorn must have been where, at the SE. corner of the parish, the by. begins to turn SW. and W. described loosely as west in 9. The hill of 8 is Pewsey Hill (OMi) which the E. by. crosses f m. SW. of the Giant's Grave (OMi) ; and the Hyrne of 8 is doubtless the small valley which runs up into the hill £ m. W. of the Giant's Grave (OMi). The landmarks 5, 6, and 7 are obviously not of a determinable character ; but they must have been on the E. by. between Milkhouse Water (OMi) and the N. foot of Pewsey Hill (OMi). 11. Of, etc. to Twig Beorgas : ' From the Pit to Two Barrows.' These barrows are now known as Everley Barrows (OM6). They are on the S. by. of the parish. In the 1591 perambulation of Everley above-mentioned they are called Two Burrows. iz. Of, etc. on Lusebeorg·. 'From Two Barrows to Louse Barrow.' This barrow is mentioned in a Manningford charter. A comparison of the two surveys shows that it stood at the extreme S. angle of the parish 5 fur. SW. of Down Farm. No remains of it are marked on OM6 ; but examination •on the spot might possibly reveal traces of it. 13. Of, etc. up on Smethandune: ' From Louse Barrow up to Smooth Down.' This is the hill on the SW. by. now called Abbot's Down (OMi). 1 One would be inclined to reject this word Wroht as a copyist's error did it not occur in a charter of Wootton, Berks. (K.i283.) as an attribute of hangra, ' hanging wood.' It is evidently an attribute applicable to trees; and I am inclined to think that popular fancy may have deduced the idea of something twisted or gnarled from its original meaning.
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