Medicaid Managed Care - U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

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B-266320 428 began the 1990s with short waiting lists for services and a goal of closing all large institutions of 16 or more beds. Providing waiver program services to many of its former residents, the state closed the Ladd Center, its last large institution, in 1994 to become one of only two states along with the District of Columbia to close all its large institutions. 6 Rhode Island also substantially reduced the number of recipients of services in smaller icessmR by converting the icFSWt to the waiver program. As a result, a substantial number of persons who had been supported through the state's icwrms program are now supported by its waiver program. The number of developmentally disabled persons served through the waiver and icFmR programs in Rhode Island, however, did not expand significantly. In contrast, Florida's strategy for the waiver program was to expand services to a much broader population rather than using the waiver program to close imsmis settings. Florida began the 1990s with substantial waiting lists for services and fewer iCFiMR beds than most of the country relative to the size of the population with developmental disabilities. Florida chose to greatly expand the number of persons with developmental disabilities served to include people who had not been served or who needed more services. The overwhelming source of growth has been from the large increase in waiver program recipients, although Florida has also experienced modest growth in the number of iCFsMR recipients. The state's increase in waiver program recipients includes persons who were receiving services from state-only programs and persons who were not previously served. Michigan used the waiver program in the 1990s to continue pursuing its goals of closing large institutions, offering placements for persons leaving small ICFWmR, and expanding services to those with unmet needs. Michigan, like Florida, began the 1990s with many persons who needed but had not received services. Michigan, however, had more icmru capacity than Florida. Most of Michigan's ICFr/M capacity was in smaller settings, many of which had been developed to help the state close some of its large institutions. As a result, Michigan has closed all but about 400 beds in large institutions and significantly increased the number of persons served. State officials told us that by 1995, Michigan was serving more individuals in the waiver program than in its IcF/MR program. vennont s asetherostsateatolosesnilt'siv~sta orts6orenorbeds Neweanmpshree4 the onle other stae to close ill os liege stae orstasthlons, but it stall t.o onle large potolo asalotioo it Opreatain. Y~g. 10 PaAeisStia9s-120 W ltr Peow for roe-elapse.taly Disabled
aBe_ 429 Are Changing Their In the continuing evolution of services for persons with developmental Waiver Programs to Serve disabilities, some states, such as Flonda, Michigan, and Rhode Island, are More Individuals at Home changing the focus of waiver program services from group home care to more tailored services to meet individuals' unique needs and preferences at home. These states and most others began their waiver programs by providing services primarily in group homes. Recently, siate officials have come to believe that for many persons, services are best provided on a more individualized basis in a recipient's home-his or her family's home or own home or an adult foster care home-rather than in group home settings. The three states we visited became convinced that this was possible even for persons with severe disabilities, in part, because of their success in using this approach in the recently conciuded Community Supported lUving Arrangements (-s) program. 7 Slightly more than one-half ofall waiver program recipients nationally are estimated to have been living in settings other than group homes in 1936.8 In each of the three states we visited, many 1915(c) waiver recipients now live in their farnily's home or their own home. In Florida, more than one-half of all waiver recipients live in settings other than group homes, including nearly 50 percent who live in their familys home. The majority of Michigan's waiver program recipients live in small settings other than licensed group homes. Just under one-half of Rhode Island's recipients live in settings other than group homes. Each state expects the percentage of waiver program recipients living in nongroup home settings to increase. Officials in the states we visited and other experts told us that serving individuals with developmental disabilities who live in their own or their fanily's home and receive less than 24-hour support often requires changes in the service delivery modeL For example, these settings may need environmental changes and supports to make them suitable for persons with developmental disabilities. Such changes could include the instaliation of ramps for persons with physical disabilities or emergency commusication technology and other equipment for persons with communication or cognitive impairments or a history of sewizures who may need quick assistance. Paid assistance may also be needed to provide a '781ang, 19S91, thheC-. d. d CSLA pn- fror .sy- penad lhe e71 s ied W Pto. H i posese usIA a> A d 0r i. no diffe W.. to . hP.l op wi l d l ... the - ty, deo fe-eed to .t h. MPet esdeL T1e P.-h .IN&E CSEA wdWa-e wer Zrli- 1A.IM Vobm ity, ad l 1. Q-ah 1k, A., Sawl eend foe P1. With tbvd _______ so ______ -nd _ __H_ h M Un'i-gle of MtyRedn lhohnl Certl-r An z~mlcr1- aConk l bgsUAPcoil at or .ld He11- ~ et 1&{9, p. 102. P.& 11 GM003811846-120 W., PbyVo foe D.. re ops.Sy v ri
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S. HRG. 105-262 MEDICAID MANAGED CA
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CONTENTS PEOPLE WITH SPECIAL NEEDS,
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V Bazelon Center for Mental Health
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2 also apparent that structuring a
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4 through the doors when somebody o
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6 delay the onset of secondary disa
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8 BRIEFING FOR CONGRESSIONAL STAFF
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10 obstetric and gynecological serv
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JlSAes CRi. E CalD5Vilb J~iiiLi uls
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14 people with disabilities and spe
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16 and prospective enrollees the pl
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18 by the disorder. In fact, schizo
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20 r_ 06/23/1997 16: 03 7836845968
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22 Kathy. STATEMENT OF KATHLEEN H.
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24 even lead to an improvement-but
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26 MANAGED CARE AND LONG TERM T h e
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Consortium for C. 20249&Oid Citizen
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30 11 Managed care
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Strong Oualitv Assurance Measures 3
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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 34 DEVELOPMENT
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36 Mrs. M.'s care plan is quite com
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38 nurses and social workers be ava
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40 EXPENDITURES FOR NURSING HOMES S
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REQUIRES THE SKILL OF A HIGHLY TRAI
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44 ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED
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46 WITHOUT ADEQUATE RESPITE CARE, I
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48 PROBLEM FOR PEOPLE SUFFERING FRO
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50 Ms. CHRISTENSEN. Thank you. Don.
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52 it will eradicate the virus. Man
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I 54 Today I participate in a state
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56 Ms. CHRISTENSEN. Thank you. [Ina
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58 rather than to community-based s
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60 now has to start looking at thin
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62 plan for that matter, can measur
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64 ual is getting state-of-the-art
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66 a larger population of people wi
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68 of recovery or rehabilitation th
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70 are entitled to renew their pres
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72 point and say that Patsy comes f
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74 .The WASHNTND MEDICAL CENTER CEN
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76 exceptions - have largely based
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78 Plans have not shown a willingne
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eligible people and for the program
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Table l.b Selected Provisions Relat
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VariiaIioils in rownlr-c1t language
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Variations in cbonIlrlcl Is1sgu;age
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Executive Summary 1. Setting the Co
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age, which pays for those M
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This consensus building exercise is
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95 Ms. CHRISTENSEN. I'm going to in
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97 abled population will all need s
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5601 Smetua- Drive PO. r,. 9310 Mmn
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101 Our experience with the AFDC po
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103 I have tried to list both the o
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105 BACKGROUND INFORMATION PATRICIA
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164 Communicating the Quality Messa
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119 Dr. SCANLON. In this series of
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121 lation in managed care in Minne
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123 thing, because you will have va
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125 If we develop them now around e
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127 I think those are the things yo
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130 to use, and they will be collec
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134 unlikely though that these futu
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136 While we are in the midst of th
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138 Center for Health Program Devel
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140 ('enter for Hearlth Proeram Dev
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146 If More is Better, Cost Contain
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148 ANALYSIS OF OUTCOMES SF-36 phys
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150 4-Year Physical Health Outcomes
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152 MAJOR FINDINGS -1 PHYSICAL DECL
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154 INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS * Equ
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156 Additional Information is on th
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order) were followed. Samplingpatie
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AP Ag. 0065(0 og. qP e8 y. d-ftd 04
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162 Tlbb. 5-Plso91 A& MerohJ H89t0
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and chest pain sufficient to requir
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166 Quality Special</strong
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THE STATE OF THE STATES TUESDAY, JU
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171 a little bit about some of the
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173 gatekeeper, and we also wondere
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175 Maryland ought to submit that w
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177 fined by us in our regulations,
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179 To get to that kind of situatio
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181 Outline of Presentation for Dep
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183 B. Approaches to Ensure Quality
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185 * Holds MCOs accountable for qu
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187 HealthChoice and People with <s
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189 HealthChoice and People with <s
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191 Take these three steps to choos
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193 Call 1-800-888-1965 if you are
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IF YOU HAVE HIV/AIDS 195 MCO staff
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197 * Refer you to a medical specia
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*pV 199 SERVICES FOR CHILDREN IN ST
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201 Ms. CHRISTENSEN. Thank you. Go
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203 We implement these QI goals thr
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205 Medicaid recip
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207 My name is Peggy Bartels. I am
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209 At the forefront of Wisconsin's
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211 Finally, we believe that high q
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213 WISCONSIN DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
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2 SELECTED INDICATORS Access to <st
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Mental Health 217 * HMOs reported f
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'Nisconsin Medicaid</strong
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Program for Program Chareolorletice
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Primary Program AFDC/H8 Provlqar Ch
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225 Children Come First of Dane Cou
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227 Wraparound Milwaukee saving dol
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229 Another positive outcome of the
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231 AltDoughl Nkvie' iniCil costs i
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233 CCE's staff consist of a variet
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235 Al the cturent time, there is n
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237 PACE/Partnership programs guide
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239 necessarily relevant to the AFD
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241 about including these specialty
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EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Ct-u B.1r- M.mb
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Considerations: 245 Enrolling <stro
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247 Medicaid <stro
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a. some counties 249 b. mandatory e
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251 counties as well-of managed car
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253 In other States devolution is m
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255 /-LCenter for Health Ca
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257 Forums on Managed</stro
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259 Medicaid Carve
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261 So I view Medicaid</str
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264 Medicaid: Spen
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266 a 50 percent match. 2 Since 198
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268 If enrollment of eligible indiv
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270 drugs, ICF services, and optome
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272 Table 20-1. Medicaid</s
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274 The slowdown in spending after
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276 Section 1115 Demonstration Waiv
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278 primary care case management ar
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280 Table 20-2. Enrollment in <stro
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282 / Figure 20-6. Enrollment Growt
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284 Marnaged-care growth at the sta
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286 Figure 20-9. Enrollment in Risk
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288 The extent of problems in repor
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290 plans (PPRC 1996). In other are
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292 There appears to be a clear tre
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Enrollment and Disenrollment Polici
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296 individually with plans over ra
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298 Health Care Fi
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Medicaid M
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Support & Services Office 120 W. Tw
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INTRODUCTION 304 Presently, nearly
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306 more mandatory services. Full-r
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308 the ability of beneficiaries to
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310 managed care also requires the
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312 condition period. Such requirem
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314 If a state contracts with or in
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Appendix A State Activity* 316 Many
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GA { I ~United States (3 Mu General
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Results in Brief E.. - 320
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Significant Efforts Needed to Ensur
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Recommendations Agency Comments E-d
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cow 326 Chapter 4 Traditional Rate-
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Chapter I Background 328 Me
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ovapt I 330 the option of extending
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Federal Requirements Govern State U
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Table 1.2: Comparison of Ma
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Objectives, Scope, and Methodology
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338 Chapter 2 States Are Moving Tow
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Table 21 nEnollmen of Disabled Bene
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342 chona Se. As To~ed Id C"fn, Dai
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Table a& Eabent to Which 17 State I
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346 So A- hbydf TSo -d Cam fo DIbbi
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Table 2.5: Extent to Which 17 State
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350 8t" Age Bowi T-Mar 11 Cue fRa D
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352 C".Pt a Q...itA- Efl~t. . - C f
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Addressing Concerns Through Enrollm
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Assignment Active Management of a D
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358 fo.V D Axd B ref .Ak,.d - CC-e
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Targeted Quality-of-Care</s
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Encounter Data Analysis Shows Poten
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364 Chapter 4 Risk-Adjusted Rates a
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366 Cu.pd 4 Rk-A4tAjLd Row Ad RIASW
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States Could Experience Adverse Sel
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370 Ckspt. 4 JUek-Mtod Rate Wd HIa
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372 Ch.piWr 4 JU-i.k.d Row md RJAk-
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374 Coob,, 4 RkikAdjned Rtr -d Rub-
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376 rued R.I. . 2".shBd c- provider
Page 380 and 381: 378 c-5 Obh- .. I, Co.eWda, ad CHe
Page 382 and 383: 380 Ob-e-eU-o, Co-ded, end C-ost pr
Page 384 and 385: 382 United States General Accountin
Page 386 and 387: Results in Brief B-Z70335 384 manag
Page 388 and 389: B-2Kn0 386 assess service utilizati
Page 390 and 391: Table 1: Characteristics of <strong
Page 392 and 393: B-27035 390 numbers of patients. In
Page 394 and 395: B-270335 392 number of primary care
Page 396 and 397: B-Z7Oa33 394 developed on the premi
Page 398 and 399: States Challenged to Develop Effect
Page 400 and 401: B-270335 398 that beneficiary use o
Page 402 and 403: B.270335 400 of the care provided a
Page 404 and 405: States Could Learn More From Improv
Page 406 and 407: Targeted Analyses of Grievance Data
Page 408 and 409: Observations Agency Comments and Ou
Page 410 and 411: B-270335 408 Finally, the experts w
Page 412 and 413: 410 Appendix I Scope and Methodolog
Page 414 and 415: - I 412 App-edU I Sw Wd Methodology
Page 416 and 417: 414 AppeAdt U Fedo.I aod Stt. Ove0s
Page 418 and 419: 416 Appendix III Major Contributors
Page 420 and 421: GAO July 1996 GAO/HEHS-96-120 418 U
Page 422 and 423: B-26632 420 family home, rather tha
Page 424 and 425: Background 1-206320 422 traditional
Page 426 and 427: States Use Waivers to Expand and Ch
Page 428 and 429: 84=20 426 Figure 1: Staftes Use of
Page 432 and 433: B26320 430 variety of other service
Page 434 and 435: Enrollment Caps and Management Prac
Page 436 and 437: Change in Federal Rule Could Result
Page 438 and 439: States Are Introducing Innovations
Page 440 and 441: B-nato 438 offered and the means fo
Page 442 and 443: 440 We are sending copies of this r
Page 444 and 445: C-m 442 Table 2: Changes in Number
Page 446 and 447: 444 App-ar I So-p and Mraodsogo ent
Page 448 and 449: 446 Appendix H Medicaid</st
Page 450 and 451: 448 App-di. f M~I Wd., _. So 4 Of0
Page 452 and 453: 450 App-.i. il _-.1 - Desd s UCFVA'
Page 454 and 455: 452 Apeadls mn Stadad Seee - Defind
Page 456 and 457: 454 Appedi. M St.d.ed Se&ee s Dneoe
Page 458 and 459: Chore 456 Am..& IV LAO n.Gd .Mt. ,
Page 460 and 461: Occupational Therapy and Assessment
Page 462 and 463: Psychological Services Provider Typ
Page 464 and 465: 462 AWppdi IV U-e, Cotfi-, E d Othe
Page 466 and 467: Licensure/Registration Other Standa
Page 468 and 469: 466 United States General Accountin
Page 470 and 471: Results in Brief B-276078 468 care
Page 472 and 473: B-270078 470 Medi-Cal was implement
Page 474 and 475: _.27_7 Tab 1: Mad-C Eiglbli and Enr
Page 476 and 477: ~~- - o~~BZ760?S 474 I J I the enro
Page 478 and 479: B.276078 476 delaying the contracti
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State's Education Process Has Not R
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B.276078 480 and thereby supplement
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Weaknesses in State Management of t
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B-276078 484 standards can provide
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Insufficient Communication and Invo
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Some Safety-Net Providers Are Encou
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Conclusions B-276D78 490 Safety-net
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B-270078 492 current enrollment bro
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Contents Letter 494 Appendix 30 Sco
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(1115) oPP. -.M.taoy 496 oversight
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498 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Volume of
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500 Is Lock-in to a Managed
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502 Plan and Provider Issues ......
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504 Chapter 1 Program Design Issues
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506 Other studies attest to improve
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508 Will the Program Be Voluntary o
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510 additional option for people wi
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512 contractor collect spenddown pa
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514 Option A is still quite rare. P
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516 experience with special populat
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518 particularly on a full risk bas
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520 Dual eligibility raises a disti
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522 special populations, and states
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524 Chapter 2 Care
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526 settings. Finally, plans that s
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5281 needs. For example, women who
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530 Oregon's rules require that pla
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532 beneficiaries on July 1, 1997.
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534 facility's delivery, dosage, an
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536 * Strategies for measuring netw
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538. arrangements with traditional
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540 community based or well elders.
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542 Finally, coordination for vulne
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544 Care Coordinat
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546 home health agency developed a
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548 develop a case management syste
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550 Coordinating services is compli
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Highlights 552 Effective care coord
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554 beneficiaries that belong to th
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556 services when needed. This is t
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558 federal government and not at s
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560 cannot enroll a person in a Med
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562 Medicare members are not typica
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564 Regence HMO Oregon staff noted
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566 community based organizations t
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568 Although technical advice for c
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570 Risk pools are usually used to
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572 Internal Quality Program Standa
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574 enrollee utilization patterns,
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576 that the overall prevalence of
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578 HMOs with risk contracts must h
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580 Summary As Medicaid</st
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582 Chapter 3 Medicaid</str
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584 carve-out approach: - improves
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586 Coordinating Medical and Non-Me
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588 Oregon,8 program planners origi
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590 Medicaid syste
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592 Oversight/Monitoring Quality De
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594 with family and friends, contac
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596 * The type(s) of data necessary
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598 * Specificity of desired result
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600 Initiatives under way may prove
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602 a estring the services authoriz
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604 Development of appropriate plan
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606 OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL The
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Establishing core developmental tea
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610 taken into account considerable
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PURPOSE 612 INTRODUCTION Our purpos
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614 MANAGED CARE PENETRATION The de
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616 CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES Our re
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618 > In building up and maintainin
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620 * For the most part, the agenci
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622 beginning to look for associate
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624 challenge will be to ensure tha
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626 RETOOLING AS AN ISSUE Retooling
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628 finding effective ways of deali
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630 COMMENTS ON THE DRAFT REPORT We
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Defining Managed <
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DATE: JU 27 1997 TO: June Gibbs Bro
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636 protocols will be enhanced thro
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638 Broad and explicit state health
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640 APPENDIX C ENDNOTES 1. See, for
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642 The First Biannual Report of th
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644 30. In Massachusetts, for examp
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646 CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL HEALTH CA
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Prface 648 The U.S. Maternal and Ch
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650 L DEFINING AND IDENTIFYING CHIL
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2. Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ)
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654 Limits * This approach identifi
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656 To what extent does the definit
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658 II. FAMILY PARTICIPATION IN MAN
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660 Description This is an integrat
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12. American Academy of Pediatries
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664 knowledge of a child's conditio
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666 though only the NACHRI approach
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668 Sources Ash A, Porell F, Gruenb
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C. Recommended Adivities 670 With t
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672 B. Examples of Current Research
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674 The Practice Parameters Project
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076 -Administrative Survey: Enrollm
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678 Description This guide provides
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680 APPENDIX 1: PARTICIPANT LIST MA
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682 MANAGED CARE EXPERT WORK GROUP
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684 APPENDIX H: BIBLIOGRAPHY MANAGE
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686 MANAGED CARE EXPERT WORK GROUP
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688 MAKING MEDICAID MANAGED CARE PR
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690 On Saturday, July 13, 1996 and
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INTRODUCTION Medicaid</stro
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694 INTRODUCTION People living with
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696 |CONSENSUS FOR ATO of many of o
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- 698 There is a huge need to educa
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700 People fiving with HIV, and the
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702 The HIV epidemic disproportiona
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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF PEOPLE WITH
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706 People living with HIV must be
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708 CONSENSUS FOR ACTION service Fo
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710 E . | CONSENSUS FORACTION Peopl
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712 CONSENSUS FOR ACTION _ Under Cr
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714 PNDX Aj MedIcaId -A health care
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Resources 716 NAPWAserves as the vo
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Medicaid Working G
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Background 720 FAMILY"7OICES A nati
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722 was included. A telephone numbe
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724 provider to ask questions. fami
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726 * Families were twice as likely
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728 carefully to explain why they a
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Table I Family Voices Survey on <st
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Table 2 (continued) Family Voices S
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Table 4 Family Voices Survey on <st
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736 Table 7 Family Voices Survey on
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738 Table 8 Family Voices Survey on
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740 Table 10 Family Voices Survey o
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al 742 Table II Family Voices Surve
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744 Tn Uvman 1usoUU - Ya..e. PeMh i
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746 Tihe b d. - Yc'.n-e-aPcopb bith
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748 UT1, W L= 1. - Y g o. ith ,Pb M
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750 o As with the rest of the <stro
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752 Mlbe 1 Mediaid Benefici7 ibtas
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754 9: Office of the Assistant Secr
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The research for this paper Was sup
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Definitions of "Medically Necessary
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Who Should Define What Is Necessary
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762 contract. In that situation, th
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764 sannes and for certain conditio
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Defining Elements of a Definition o
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768 (6J identify and evaluate a men
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770 This paper highlights children'
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772 din resulut in inadequate or in
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774 dividual under public-sector ma
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BAZELON CENTER RESOURCES ON MANAGED
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ivn58ffR1eL_ 778 THF VARIAI LITY OF
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_4 What are the essential benefits
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WHAT PUBLIC PURCHASERS CAN DO - Oen
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ASSESSMENT OF STANDARDS - Quality M
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Accessibility, Availability, Referr
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- Credentialing and Recredtentialin
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Standards for Members' Rights and R
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Preventive Behavioral Health Servic
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9b4 etfJovrk9imut July 16, 1997 794
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hel,4Neipaork SEmi July 16, 1997 79
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798 Principles for Accountable <str
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800 The Coalition for Accountable <
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802 Principles for Accountable <str
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Im. Community 804 Health plans shou
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806 4. participating in community p
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808 5. give patients opportunities
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810 aRve New Children With Disabili
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Table of Contents 812 Executive Sum
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814 combination of HealthPartners d
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Introduction 816 F amilies whose ch
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818 Of the 24 families asked, 13 pa
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820 Shriner's Hospital, or claims s
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822 Major Child and Family Concerns
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Services and Funding Sources 824 Nu
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Physician Survey 826 M ost physicia
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828 Discussion and Recommendations
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830 * Claims and billing informatio
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832 El Advocate for a safety net of
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834 :i:PTNG F'AITH SYMThMr -"r W, M
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836 We recognize that managed care
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due to a host of complex demographi
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affect many different facets of an
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state agencies, must be held accoun
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In selecting managed care entities
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Z, W 0 V==4 . k PQ- 0 V-- 9 Q) bo =
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plans were virtually identical in b
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to chronically i persons has been t
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Managed Risk Medic
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the lead. Large purchasers might wo
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ISBN 0-16-055952-9 9 [ 10111111 155
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Medicaid Managed Care - U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

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