Consultant's Report - Minnesota State Legislature
Consultant's Report - Minnesota State Legislature Consultant's Report - Minnesota State Legislature
MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Feasibility Study to Limit the Spread of Zebra Mussels from Ossawinnamakee Lake such activities as identifying at-risk sites; routinely monitoring certain areas (LTRMP-Long Term Resource MonitOling Program may need to be supplemented with additional monitoring sites); prevention and containment efforts; surveillance, detection and reporting activities including data collection and management; the collection, identification and storage of voucher specimens; and training volunteers and professionals in detection, identification and removal techniques. Rapid Response Alternatives In order to carry out the rapid response process, a compilation of management options that can be utilized in response to a zebra mussel invasion is necessary. In addition to mechanical/physical, biological and chemical responses, the process should provide direction on how to obtain pre-approval and permitting for control measures, quarantine establishment and enforcement, and an assessment of specific control measures and management tools for high priority species. Several of the most common control measures that are applicable to zebra mussels should be pre-approved for specific situations. Management tools should be assessed based on the species, location and extent of the infestation. Some of the tools for response include control methods discussed earlier in Section V. Implementation efforts need to be highly coordinated to limit redundancy and to ensure that the appropriate $takeholders are involved and informed of actions. It is particularly important that this coordination and planning is incorporated into the state and federal ANS management plans. Because authority and leadership roles are critical to the implementation of a rapid response, the communication and organizational structure described above should be well developed on a state and federal level. Implementation of a response to zebra mussels would most likely be conducted by the agency with the authority to respond or the agency with jurisdictional responsibility/rights over the infested area. Securing and appropriating adequate funding for the implementation ofa rapid response may be the largest potential obstacle to overcome. An adaptive management scheme is crucially important to the implementation of a rapid response. Ideally, adaptive management will include an evaluation of plan effectiveness, mitigation and/or restoration oftreatment areas, an assessment ofre-introduction risks, and postprocedure monitoring. Additionally, education and outreach efforts should continue during the adaptive management phase of the rapid response plan. The evaluation of the chosen management option should determine ifthe desired outcomes have occurred and whether or not the goals and objectives set during the initial phases of plan implementation were met. If the preferred management option is not producing the desired outcomes and meeting goals, there needs to be a mechanism in place to make the decision quickly to move to another option. The adaptive Model Rapid Response Plan for Great Lakes Aquatic Invasions (Draft: July 17, 2003) management phase ofthe plan allows for the assessment ofwhat strategies worked and those that did not. V-18 Review ofPotential Control Methods
MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Feasibility Study to Limit the Spread of Zebra Mussels from Ossawinnamakee Lake Tolerance of Aquatic Nuisance Species There is a wide range ofsystems that may become infested with zebra mussels and some systems can temporarily tolerate macrofouling, while others cannot. A management plan must address the extent of control necessary to provide an adequate tolerance level. In other words, the goal of the control method must be categorized as prevention or elimination of zebra mussels. Ifthe infested system can tolerate minor zebra mussel populations, or if the goal is to prevent the spread ofzebra mussels into a certain area, control methods that do not result in mortality can be implemented. Many of the control methods target particular life stages of zebra mussels. Once the tolerated zebra mussel population has been established, particular life stages can be targeted depending on the focus ofthe control method (i.e., prevention or elimination). Implementation of Control Methods Technological, physiological, and biological control methods have been discussed previously. These methods can be utilized to control zebra mussel populations via limitation or eradication, but should be evaluated closely in order to detennine a control method that will cause the least hann and environmental impact. V-19 Review ofPotential Control Methods
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MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES<br />
Feasibility Study to Limit the Spread of Zebra Mussels from Ossawinnamakee Lake<br />
Tolerance of Aquatic Nuisance Species<br />
There is a wide range ofsystems that may become infested with zebra mussels and some systems<br />
can temporarily tolerate macrofouling, while others cannot. A management plan must address<br />
the extent of control necessary to provide an adequate tolerance level. In other words, the goal<br />
of the control method must be categorized as prevention or elimination of zebra mussels. Ifthe<br />
infested system can tolerate minor zebra mussel populations, or if the goal is to prevent the<br />
spread ofzebra mussels into a certain area, control methods that do not result in mortality can be<br />
implemented. Many of the control methods target particular life stages of zebra mussels. Once<br />
the tolerated zebra mussel population has been established, particular life stages can be targeted<br />
depending on the focus ofthe control method (i.e., prevention or elimination).<br />
Implementation of Control Methods<br />
Technological, physiological, and biological control methods have been discussed previously.<br />
These methods can be utilized to control zebra mussel populations via limitation or eradication,<br />
but should be evaluated closely in order to detennine a control method that will cause the least<br />
hann and environmental impact.<br />
V-19<br />
Review ofPotential Control Methods
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