FROM CHINAMWALI TO CHILANGIZO:

FROM CHINAMWALI TO CHILANGIZO: FROM CHINAMWALI TO CHILANGIZO:

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ground. While crawling, each one pushes the stone with her head to the fireplace. They stand up after they are given some gift ofmoney. After making the fire, all the anamkungwi carry the clay pot on to the fire, using not their whole hand, but one finger from both hands. The leading namkungwi then pours water into it using a cup. She follows the same brewing process with the rest of the beer. This beer is called mowa wa njobvu (the elephant's beer). Only the chiefs and the nyau leaders drink this beer. In the afternoon the atmosphere was quiet. Only women were seen busy around the fires. Some were pushing the firewood into the fire; some were putting flour into the drums while others were stirring; still others were seated and chatting. At our house my informant and her mother were also busy with their cooking. When the water was hot enough, the mother took maize flour and poured it into the drum while my informant was stirring with a long wooden spoon. We sat and chatted while the porridge was boiling. As we sat we heard some noise and saw some children running towards us from the chiefs house shouting 'zirombo! zirombo!' ('animals! animals! '). When we looked, we saw four masked young men each carrying a stick and a small axe, moving up and down to where people were. When people ran away into their houses, the zirombo would also go away, and so on. This went on for a while since the children would run away and return inviting the zirombo, saying, 'come! come!' I saw some giving the zirombo money, which I learnt later was in small denominations of 10 or 20 Tambala coins. A few people would give them a note offive Kwacha. The pots ofporridge were then taken offthe fires and poured into other drums/pots to cool down. After having our supper, my informant and I went to sleep in a smaller house (her brother's).) My informant explained the day's activities, especially what we had missed and what we were not going to see during the night. She did not know yet how many initiates there were, but indicated that the girls would sleep in one of the houses near the chiefs house with other girls. The zirombo, nkhandwe (wild dogs) would be performing that night. They made all sorts of noise - knocking on doors from house to house around the village to be given money. The young men accompanying the zirombo were singing and clapping hands for the zirombo. After 165

going round the village they would go to make noise at the girls' house, where they would throw some leaves and/or ashes into the house at the girls. They would try to force open the door while the girls would scream and hold the door from inside. The zirombo would also make fire by the door and blow the smoke into the house; or they may burn tobacco leaves, or hot chillies in order to choke the girls. When the aphungu see that it is too much for the girls, they redeem them by giving the zirombo some money. Then the zirombo stop harassing the girls but continue to dance. I was told that many times the young nyau dancers (zirombo) get drunk before performing; therefore they can be quite rough and cruel. Ifany woman is found outside, the young men 'capture' her and send her to the men's initiation place (dambwe) where she is initiated into the men's rite. Many informants said that if a woman is initiated at the men's rite, she undergoes untold sexual ordeals. The informant then indicated that the day's activities ended with anamkungwi preparing food for the zirombo late at night. DAY TWO: TSIKU LOPHIKITSA MOWA (THE BEER RE-BOILING DAY) Early in the morning I heard women singing after they had cleaned the rubbish left by the zirombo: Bwera, bwera, udzamuone Popi Ali m 'bwalomu! Come, come and see the Puppy He is in the ground! In the meantime, my informant told me that the women would be drawing water very early in the morning because the zirombo would be staying at the water place, hence no one could draw water. I could see women carrying water containers on their heads and pouring into larger containers, while others were relighting the fires for boiling the beer. While the beer was being reboiled as it was approaching noon, I heard remarks such as 'It means things are not well! The structures have not yet been completed!' This meant that the water place remained open for the zirombo did not go to the water place. They were still weaving the structures at the dambwe. 166

ground. While crawling, each one pushes the stone with her head to the fireplace.<br />

They stand up after they are given some gift ofmoney. After making the fire, all the<br />

anamkungwi carry the clay pot on to the fire, using not their whole hand, but one<br />

finger from both hands. The leading namkungwi then pours water into it using a cup.<br />

She follows the same brewing process with the rest of the beer. This beer is called<br />

mowa wa njobvu (the elephant's beer). Only the chiefs and the nyau leaders drink this<br />

beer.<br />

In the afternoon the atmosphere was quiet. Only women were seen busy around the<br />

fires. Some were pushing the firewood into the fire; some were putting flour into the<br />

drums while others were stirring; still others were seated and chatting. At our house<br />

my informant and her mother were also busy with their cooking. When the water was<br />

hot enough, the mother took maize flour and poured it into the drum while my<br />

informant was stirring with a long wooden spoon. We sat and chatted while the<br />

porridge was boiling.<br />

As we sat we heard some noise and saw some children running towards us from the<br />

chiefs house shouting 'zirombo! zirombo!' ('animals! animals! '). When we looked,<br />

we saw four masked young men each carrying a stick and a small axe, moving up and<br />

down to where people were. When people ran away into their houses, the zirombo<br />

would also go away, and so on. This went on for a while since the children would run<br />

away and return inviting the zirombo, saying, 'come! come!' I saw some giving the<br />

zirombo money, which I learnt later was in small denominations of 10 or 20 Tambala<br />

coins. A few people would give them a note offive Kwacha.<br />

The pots ofporridge were then taken offthe fires and poured into other drums/pots to<br />

cool down. After having our supper, my informant and I went to sleep in a smaller<br />

house (her brother's).) My informant explained the day's activities, especially what<br />

we had missed and what we were not going to see during the night. She did not know<br />

yet how many initiates there were, but indicated that the girls would sleep in one of<br />

the houses near the chiefs house with other girls. The zirombo, nkhandwe (wild<br />

dogs) would be performing that night. They made all sorts of noise - knocking on<br />

doors from house to house around the village to be given money. The young men<br />

accompanying the zirombo were singing and clapping hands for the zirombo. After<br />

165

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