A Study of Shelters for Street Children from an Organizational ...

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Gender Never been Lowest grade 1-5 Highest Grade 6-10 Total to school Male 2 14 6 22 Female 0 2 8 10 The summary indicates that the children's level of education varied between those who had never been to formal school about 7%, those who had just started formal school 50% made up of male approximately 43% and female 7%. Participants who were attending higher grade 10 approximately 43% and made up of males approximately 18% and females 25%. The majority of the girls (25%) were in the upper grades of education and the minority (7%) were in the lower grades. The large number of boys was attending lower grades 43% while 18% were in the upper grades and 7% had never been to school. The ratio was approximately boys 68% and girls about 32%. This could be attributed to the age at which girls come to live and/or work on the streets compared to the age of boys. Participant's age was for boys 7-18 and for girls 11-17 years. This indicates that there are younger boys rather than girls on the streets and in shelters, but it could be that researcher is not conclusive on girls who live and work on the streets (Ennew, 1994). Participants were happy that shelters had programs of developing learning skills whether formal or informal and they expressed their appreciation to the service. 4.5.5 Routine and Discipline This issue generated heated discussions among participants. They held different views and consensus was not be arrived at. On one hand there were participants who expressed strongly that shelters should not be rigid on rules and regulations. They argued that shelters' rules and regulations needed to be flexible, particularly rules governing leisure time, time to watch the television or listening to music. Their opinions are summed up in the words of one participant who said: it is very boring doing homework, we come from school and then books, not time to rest and watch television, can't shelter staff leave us alone at least (translated). Participants further felt that control and/order were some of the issues which caused their coming into the streets they felt that shelters need not be seen to be controlling every activity and program participation. They argued that a flexible approach was 81
preferable. Participants continued to make the point that visits from their boy/girl friends should be allowed. A participant summarized their views: It is very bad that our good and reliable friends cannot come to visit us for me , my boy friend was my security and made sure that I had enough money to buy the things I needed. When am in my bed, miss him and wonder what is he like and doing at that time. Another participant stated: My girl friend is there out alone and no one to take care. I feel bad, the more I stay here the more likely I might loose her to other men. You see, on the streets it is tough and one has to fight for his woman or man. Those people come with lots of money, cars, and very good cloths. Before you know it your woman or man is taken. We stand at the corner and shout no! no! and when the woman loves you, and knows you will provide when in need, they do not let us down. They come out of the car and follow us quickly to another place where it is secure from the world of power and wealth. We are simple in life but strong at heart. But need each other to survive. Why cannot we stay here with our friends? They need us more (translated). Participants expressed that shelters should employ people who would do shelters chores rather than have residents keep the place tidy all the time. One participant summarized and said: One reason that made me run from home is because I did not like to do home chores; I am here not expecting to do them either (translated). Participants stated further that shelters needed to consider the duration of stay in the shelters, and in particular whether children who are above the age of 16 years continue living in the shelters. Participants stated that when things were not changing in the shelters, they were liable to abscond. One participant summarized their views and said: Some of us abscond because we do not like the mundane regular shelter chores. Our friends cannot visit us when we or they want us, and when we need some money to keep us going while in the shelters. We stay here and get no money. It is fine in the shelters, but we also need some cash. When we are on the streets we make money and we are happy (translated). On the other hand, other participants argued that shelters were right to ask that order and discipline in the shelters. Through the words of one of the participant's they stated: It is okay that shelters have some regulations, it is not right for anyone to do and live like other people are not there, in the shelters it not like on the streets, 82
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A Study of Shelters for Street Chil
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I extend my sincer
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TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 0 NE 1 IN
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Showing the
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children's homes. In 1996 the Europ
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specifically in its policies (http:
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Hosken, (2004) in an article titled
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1.5 The Purpose and Objective of th
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names of the shelters have been ren
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1.8.2 Organizationalll1eory Shelter
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Chapter Four: Data analysis. The ch
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communities posing enormous challen
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To perceive human social reality as
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Shelter's intervention/reintegratio
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2.4 Definitions The focus of the re
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enforcement officers, outreach work
Page 40 and 41: 3.1 Introduction CHAPTER THREE RESE
Page 42 and 43: given to the demands of shelter pro
Page 44 and 45: views and perceptions over the topi
Page 46 and 47: 3.4 The Researcher in Qualitative I
Page 48 and 49: which means children there, are sta
Page 51 and 52: paid to the recording devices. The
Page 53 and 54: esearchers need to agree or disagre
Page 55 and 56: • Staff morale was high when moti
Page 57 and 58: 3.11 Ethical Considerations Babbie
Page 59 and 60: 4.1 Introduction CHAPTER FOUR OATA
Page 61 and 62: 4.2. Shelters Services and Programs
Page 63 and 64: children with their families where
Page 65 and 66: y the shelter's philosophy, goals,
Page 67 and 68: 4.2.5 Shelter Routine and Regulatio
Page 69 and 70: 4.2.6 Policy on Visitors The four s
Page 71 and 72: children played; this was done depe
Page 73 and 74: living and/or working on the street
Page 75 and 76: 4.3.1 Structure and physical locati
Page 77 and 78: Apart from management of shelters,
Page 79 and 80: Regarding transparency, accountabil
Page 81 and 82: Staff expressed that children shoul
Page 83 and 84: was immediately reassuring to child
Page 85 and 86: will to choose whether to or not li
Page 87 and 88: Sangoma (traditional doctor) and I
Page 89: Look at this shelter look at the do
Page 93 and 94: It is okay when one is going with a
Page 95 and 96: 5.1 Introduction CHAPTER FIVE DISCU
Page 100 and 101: The challenges of children living a
Page 102 and 103: differed greatly from the feelings
Page 104 and 105: een on the streets for a very long
Page 106 and 107: from the overseas. Some of the loca
Page 108 and 109: programs to communities and familie
Page 110 and 111: explained, was their priority. It i
Page 112 and 113: streets, consequently, shelters int
Page 114 and 115: perspectives, understanding, and ca
Page 116 and 117: understand such discourses. Through
Page 118 and 119: 6.1.3 Conclusions Regarding Researc
Page 120 and 121: and appreciation that the children
Page 122 and 123: Shelters could endeavour to reinfor
Page 124 and 125: The effort is to move the children
Page 126 and 127: macroeconomic factors, the local mi
Page 128 and 129: REFERENCES Acker, A. (1986). Childr
Page 130 and 131: Brown, D. C. (1996). 'Why ask why:
Page 132 and 133: Gronbjen, K. A. (1992). Nonprofit H
Page 134 and 135: Mills C. W. (1971). The Sociologica
Page 136 and 137: Swart, J. (1987). 'Street Children:
Page 138 and 139: Street children in http://allafrica
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3.1.5. Does the shelter have any re
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4. Social and Recreation 4.1. How a
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Follow-up questions What are the sh
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APPENDIX 3 FOCUS GROUPS CHILDREN Pl
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6. Shelter routine and Discipline:
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