A Study of Shelters for Street Children from an Organizational ...
A Study of Shelters for Street Children from an Organizational ... A Study of Shelters for Street Children from an Organizational ...
programs to communities and families at risk. It could be argued that, in designing shelter intervention and re-integration strategies, there is a need to bring in children's perceptions and feelings together with those of the parents. Re-designed re-integration programs would include families and communities involvement and participation to address issues of poverty, diseases and human interpersonal relationships which impacts negatively on many families and communities from where majority of children come. 5.7 Views and Experiences of Managers, Staff and children The focus of this study was on the shelters as organizations designed to intervene in the lives of children living and/or working on the streets, the experiences of managers, staff the service providers and children the service recipients. The following discussion is on those views and experiences. 5.7.1 Managers The views and experiences of managers were the same with regard to the overall objectives of shelter's interventions and service delivery. Their views and experiences varied slightly depending on individual personality, working environment, staff, and the residents of shelters. They faced common problems of attending and reporting in regular meetings, lack of adequate finances, staff complaints, management and administrative problems and resident's complaints against staff and children etc. Their major concerns were the implementation of shelters programs and delivery of services. The manager of the first phase shelter due to several factors derived from the numbers of residents who constantly changed, more staff, had additional problems because as first phase shelter, was the sorting out place of children, their needs and multiple problems before they were channelled to other second phase shelters. Managerial personalities changed several times in the course of the study due to the challenges they faced in the shelter. However, managers shared a view that despite managerial/administrative difficulties, intervention programs were necessary because children were living and/or working on the streets and they were not supposed to therefore shelters acted to: • remove children from the streets and address their plight by • meeting their basic needs • reducing harm that might have been caused physically, mentally and emotionally 99
• enrolling them to institutions of learning and skills training • advocacy in order that children get their official necessary documents • reintegrating them with their families or communities where possible and • Shelters were to implement the programs of interventionslreintegration through networking, collaboration and coordination. 5.7.2 Staff Staff experiences can be categorized in two divergent points derived from their concerns and perceptions with regard to shelters, low pay, non-participation in decision-making, and the problems of children's discipline. 1) Staffs were selflessly dedicated to their service to shelters and children. They saw shelters as purposeful and functional institutions in society. Shelters were providing necessary basic services to children in need and welfare of children and as a result shelter services were essential to society at large. In this respect staff valued shelters and their services, more than their self-interests. Consequently they reasonably saw no need to raise the issues of salary increases with managements. This was in line with their desire to go along with the perceived and defined role of shelters in society. Consequently, they worked with vigour and determination because they viewed it their mission to help children. Even when they were not involved in decision-making processes, they felt that it was immaterial or of no consequence because the purpose of shelters was to address the plight of children. Staff repeatedly stated that children living and/or working on the streets needed help because of the difficult circumstances they experienced on the streets. The streets, in the views of staff, exposed children to crime, alcohol, substance and sexual abused, and risk behaviours, consequently, intervention and reintegration programs were necessary. 2) Nicholson (2001 :48-49) noted that there was a high rate of un-employment and cognizant of this factor, staff did everything possible to hold on to their jobs. In this regard, low pay and difficult working conditions was inconsequential. They individually had capacity and tendency to reinvest themselves within the broad framework of governance, thereby suppressing any reason to question how things were run in the shelters. In this regard, it is possible that individuals become 'self-actualized', which Foucault referred to as self-governmentality (Dean, 1994: 197-199). Self-actualization by staff hinged on their desire to work and to remain employed which, as they 100
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- Page 128 and 129: REFERENCES Acker, A. (1986). Childr
- Page 130 and 131: Brown, D. C. (1996). 'Why ask why:
- Page 132 and 133: Gronbjen, K. A. (1992). Nonprofit H
- Page 134 and 135: Mills C. W. (1971). The Sociologica
- Page 136 and 137: Swart, J. (1987). 'Street Children:
- Page 138 and 139: Street children in http://allafrica
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programs to communities <strong>an</strong>d families at risk. It could be argued that, in designing<br />
shelter intervention <strong>an</strong>d re-integration strategies, there is a need to bring in children's<br />
perceptions <strong>an</strong>d feelings together with those <strong>of</strong> the parents. Re-designed re-integration<br />
programs would include families <strong>an</strong>d communities involvement <strong>an</strong>d participation to<br />
address issues <strong>of</strong> poverty, diseases <strong>an</strong>d hum<strong>an</strong> interpersonal relationships which<br />
impacts negatively on m<strong>an</strong>y families <strong>an</strong>d communities <strong>from</strong> where majority <strong>of</strong> children<br />
come.<br />
5.7 Views <strong>an</strong>d Experiences <strong>of</strong> M<strong>an</strong>agers, Staff <strong>an</strong>d children<br />
The focus <strong>of</strong> this study was on the shelters as org<strong>an</strong>izations designed to intervene in<br />
the lives <strong>of</strong> children living <strong>an</strong>d/or working on the streets, the experiences <strong>of</strong> m<strong>an</strong>agers,<br />
staff the service providers <strong>an</strong>d children the service recipients. The following discussion<br />
is on those views <strong>an</strong>d experiences.<br />
5.7.1 M<strong>an</strong>agers<br />
The views <strong>an</strong>d experiences <strong>of</strong> m<strong>an</strong>agers were the same with regard to the overall<br />
objectives <strong>of</strong> shelter's interventions <strong>an</strong>d service delivery. Their views <strong>an</strong>d experiences<br />
varied slightly depending on individual personality, working environment, staff, <strong>an</strong>d the<br />
residents <strong>of</strong> shelters. They faced common problems <strong>of</strong> attending <strong>an</strong>d reporting in<br />
regular meetings, lack <strong>of</strong> adequate fin<strong>an</strong>ces, staff complaints, m<strong>an</strong>agement <strong>an</strong>d<br />
administrative problems <strong>an</strong>d resident's complaints against staff <strong>an</strong>d children etc. Their<br />
major concerns were the implementation <strong>of</strong> shelters programs <strong>an</strong>d delivery <strong>of</strong> services.<br />
The m<strong>an</strong>ager <strong>of</strong> the first phase shelter due to several factors derived <strong>from</strong> the numbers<br />
<strong>of</strong> residents who const<strong>an</strong>tly ch<strong>an</strong>ged, more staff, had additional problems because as<br />
first phase shelter, was the sorting out place <strong>of</strong> children, their needs <strong>an</strong>d multiple<br />
problems be<strong>for</strong>e they were ch<strong>an</strong>nelled to other second phase shelters. M<strong>an</strong>agerial<br />
personalities ch<strong>an</strong>ged several times in the course <strong>of</strong> the study due to the challenges<br />
they faced in the shelter. However, m<strong>an</strong>agers shared a view that despite<br />
m<strong>an</strong>agerial/administrative difficulties, intervention programs were necessary because<br />
children were living <strong>an</strong>d/or working on the streets <strong>an</strong>d they were not supposed to<br />
there<strong>for</strong>e shelters acted to:<br />
• remove children <strong>from</strong> the streets <strong>an</strong>d address their plight by<br />
• meeting their basic needs<br />
• reducing harm that might have been caused physically, mentally <strong>an</strong>d<br />
emotionally<br />
99