Baltic Garden - November 2012, VOL IV - VIPs Portal

First Edition
Baltic Garden - November (Vol. IV): Flowering November
Copyright © 2012 Gitte Ahrenkiel
Photos & Illustrations by Gitte Ahrenkiel
www.gahrgalleri.dk
All rights reserved
Cover photo:
Sunday 18th November. Daytime high temperatures: +10 degrees C. Night temperatures have also
remained in plus degrees - with a few exceptions.
Still in the process of closing-down for the winter, Baltic Garden brings out its typical Sleepy Novemberappearance.
Grey, wet and tired. But this year with a remarkable finesse: Full bloom in most Flowerbeds.
Happy and bright colors. Thanks to the continuation of late summer temperatures. And last - but not
least - thanks to our supermarkets.
Potted Mums, a half-price purchase for decoration in living rooms - were late last year planted in the
garden. Coverphoto shows such Chrysanthemum. Before a small case in a blue flowerpot. Now a large (1
meter tall) perennial. Photo from fourth November shows in measuring scale another Potted Mum on its
way to free growth.

Introduction:
Buy flowers ... in your supermarket.
Years ago the selection of flowers was very small. In general, seasonal and randomly positioned.
Hyacinths cut tulips, daffodils and up to Christmas the ever-red poinsettia (mostly destroyed by frost in
the warehouse or during transportation).
Today, a visit to the supermarket is like a walk through a flower garden. Starting outside the store, on
the parking area or expanded sidewalk, you are faced with rows of exhibited potted plants to brighten up
your patio, balconies, terraces and gardens. Rhododendrons, apple trees, gooseberry, blackcurrant ...
Christmas trees, etc.
And inside, you are met by the sight and perfumed scent of a true botanic garden. Lilies, Roses,
Cyclamen, Orchid, Chrysanthemum ... You name it - we have it!

"Flowers bouquet is now on the shopping list along with milk, potatoes and soap. A number of
supermarkets in Denmark have floral departments about the size of an independent flower shop, and
several have hired skilled personnel. Some even takes over the remnant from a flower shop that has
closed down. Coop Chain has seen an increase in sales over the past three years at 25 percent. Also
Super Best chain is experiencing a growing interest among their stores to create a floral department.
And in Dansk Supermarked the sales of cut flowers have increased by three percent per year from
2007 to 2010."
(Source: Dansk Handelsblad)
The expanding range of flowers and garden plants in the supermarkets has made it possible to
purchase e.g. Rhododendrons at cheap prices and of good quality.
In the old days, not long ago, it was plant-nurseries who primarily had the offer and to different high
prices. At that time Rhododendron was an exclusive growth, reserved for parks and wealthy people
... Today, thanks to supermarkets and of course improved breeding and cultivation by suppliers -
Rhododendron has become a common sight. It is seen in pots on terraces. As shielding planting
between apartment buildings. And as an ornamental plants in most gardens.
As mentioned, several supermarkets have hired professionals to manage, maintain the floral
department and most important to guide customers. For example: "How can I make sure, that the
roses keep their heads up?" I asked a professional in the Supermarket. "Dip the tip of the stems in
boiling water", the former florist advised.
Despite basic knowledge of cut and potted flowers, most of us are completely lost when it comes to
the overwhelming number of new varieties. The Plant Labels, tied to the potted flower or stuck into
the soil, convey some information on what's in the pot. Unfortunately it often ends up with yet
another example of "buy and throw away."
All it took was Rigmor - to make me a better user of resources. She arrived one early summer day,
carrying a large white potted chrysanthemum. "Put it in a clay jar here on the terrace. When winter
comes, move it into one of the flower beds." "Can it survive?" "Of course. It's a Chrysanthemum!"
she replied with a laugh. And yes, indeed, it did. This autumn, this November, it stands with delicate
white flowers.
Photo shows, the white beauty of Rigmor's Chrysanthemum. And next to it a purple one. Also
purchased in a supermarket and planted last year. Both have survived a frosty February, a droughty
summer - and in October-November a few mornings of freezing Fog. The marigold, see photo below
the Mums, however suffered frost damage. A sad proof of temperatures of minus degrees.
Rigmor's advice has led to several chapters of "Indoor Houseplants in Baltic Garden".

Around the world, researchers are testing methods for effective eradication of Japanese knotweed.
Among these, cultivation of native competing plant species, especially in riparian areas.
In the Baltic Garden, the native Blackberry has clasped its stems around the Japanese knotweed and
limited its ability to spread. The Blackberries even send vigorous stems up in the center of the
Japanese knotweed. See Photo from the 10th December.

CONTENTS:
Indoor Houseplants in Baltic Garden: Flowering November
Pot Mums - (Chrysanthemum Hybrid)
Pot Roses - (Rosa Hybrid)
Pot Hydrangeas - (Hydrangea macrophylla)
Pot Primrose - (Primula vulgaris)
Flowering November, continuation
Jerusalem artichoke - (Helianthus tuberosus)
Stedmoder - (Viola wittrockiana)
Kornblomst - (Centaurea cyanus)
Vinterforberedelser
Vinterdæk med Grøngødning
Spredning af muldvarpeskud
Sikring af hegn mod snefygning
Opfølgning
Død over Japansk Pileurt - (Fallopia japonica)
Tempeltræ - (Ginkgo Biloba)
Kildehenvisninger

Pot Mums (Chrysanthemum Hybrid)
Perennial
Belongs to Asteraceae family.
Height/length: Generally, up to 85 cm. Today, worldwide more than 1000 varieties of this popular
garden and potted plant.
Flowering: In garden - September-October/November, subject to frost. In stores - throughout the year.
Habitat: Cultivated as a flowering herb in China from 1600-century. Introduced to Europe in 1862.
Symbolism: In Asia symbol of happiness and long life. At the same time Japan's national symbol.
(Source: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysanthemen)
It was Rigmor, who with her remark "Of course it can survive the winter. This is a Chrysanthemum!" -
accumulated logical thinking. In any case, down memory lane a connection was made, to the gardenplant
Chrysanthemum.
"Yes, of course," I replied, but was still a bit skeptical when Rigmor's white chrysanthemum and others

purchased in the autumn was moved into the flower beds. After all, we were dealing with indoor
houseplants - sold as indoor houseplants - and most certainly bred solely for this purpose.
It was only when the transplanted Chrysanthemums in spring pushed the soil aside and let one leaf
shoots follow after another, that I really began to take an interest in the project.
Still, it surprised me how different the indoor Houseplants behaved when planted outdoors. Some
reached during the summer an approximate 1 meters altitude, others stuck to a lower growth - see photo
from 4th November. And what also amazed were the flowers as they unfolded - some already in august
(I did not get photos of these), others in September-October and others here in November - they were so
much different from what I seem to remember was their former appearance as houseplants. Especially
the flowers on the photo from 22 November stand out. Perhaps an intermediate stage back to the
original. Next year will show. At least I have a photo for comparison.
Short-day plant
According to various botanical books and websites, it is when summer fades and the nights are getting
longer, Chrysanthemum gets its naturally flowering. The fact that you can purchase Pot-Mums
throughout the year is all due to new methods of cultivation.
”Automatic curtains have replaced scampering student gardeners. Ingenious software now controls the
night-breaks and day-extensions.
Almost all of the millions of potted chrysanthemum produced are treated with one or more growthretarding
agents. These are similar to hormones or affect hormone balance, so the plants grow shorter
and bushier, but otherwise look perfectly normal.”
(Source: www.haveABC.dk)

Pot Roses - (Rosa Hybrid)
Perennial.
Belongs to Rosaceae family.
Height/Length: 20-50 cm.
Flowering: In garden: June-October. Pot-roses are cultivated for all year sales. Need watering regularly
during the growing and blooming season.
Habitat: Light, preferably in direct sunlight. Origin: Hybrids.
(Source: www.husetoghaven.dk)
I can't resist the temptation. All those breathtakingly beautiful roses. Strategic exhibited in
supermarkets, so you pretty much can't avoid confrontation with their amazing grace. The result is a
foregone conclusion. I return home with yet another Pot Rose.
Fact remains. Not once have I managed to keep a single Pot Rose alive. After a few weeks they lose their
leaves. The buds wither. Just as the photo so sadly confirms. I have heard that you should consider them
in line with Cut Roses. An outright Buy And Throw Away case.
My apologies to complete the purchase - is that Pot Roses actually thrives as soon as they are planted
out into the garden.

20th November. Pot Rose lies in bed, wrapped in a blanket of dry leaves. Pruning takes place later. Most
roses in the Baltic Garden have their origin in the Grocery department for indoor houseplants.
Denmark and the Netherlands are at the forefront of potted rose production. A Danish nursery
produced around 12 million potted roses in 2006. Netherlands 35 million potted roses in 2008.
(Source: www.hortipendium.de)

Pot Hydrangeas - (Hydrangea macrophylla)
Perennial.
Belongs to Hydrangeaceae family.
Height/Length: Indoor plants in different sizes. As a garden plant up to one meter in height.
Flowering: Indoor: April to June. Outdoor: June to August.
Habitat: Not in direct sunlight, risk of drying out. Regular watering during the growing and blooming
season. As a houseplant put it in a bucket of water every other day for approx. 10 minutes, more often if
leaves are hanging.
(Source: www.haveABC.dk)
I've placed a potted Hydrangea in the grass. Her winter quarters wait nearby. But first, she must be
photographed. Hugo the dog is already there. Willing to pose.
He tends to act as a "yardstick comparison". At first reluctant. But apparently he has become accustomed
to the task. Maybe he even enjoys it. In this context the "yardstick comparison" is not really called for.
But I have not the heart to disappoint him.
The plant in the pot was purchased to brighten up the terrace. As it turned out, an all summer long
fulfillment and lasting success. Now she is a bit tired, dropping her leaves. It is time for sleep. Around
other Hydrangeas have long since gone to bed.

According to the photo from the 20th November - our Pot Hydrangea has over the summer developed a
large root system. Actually its roots have "eaten" most of the soil in the pot. So a transplant from pot to
ground is indeed required.
Here she is paddling in rainwater (from a full-to-brim rain collector) before covered with earth and a
carpet of dry leaves.
Most Hydrangeas survive the winter. But there is a significant difference in their abilities to flourish and
grow during the summer season. I ascribed it to coastal weather conditions (e.g. freezing sea fog) - and
saw it as an isolated problem, not a general.
But as I later found out during my research, many gardeners fight the very same problems.
“In 2002, Gunnar Christensen's Nursery, The Danish Horticultural Society and the Danish Institute of
Agricultural Sciences - made a decision to solve the problem of the lack of hydrangea blooms in the
Danish climate.
A nationwide collection led to the selection of 50 quite robust Hydrangeas. Of these, 15 were suitable for
processing.”
(Source: www.havenyt.dk)
Hardy varieties
According www.havenyt.dk the testing of the 15 varieties - resulted in six new named varieties "so robust
that they flower abundantly in the Danish climate. Even on exposed areas with frost and strong winds,
the damage is minimal."
"Alma" and "Bella" - named and marketed from 2006.
"Clara" and "Dorthea" - from 2007.
"Elisa" and "Frida" - from 2012.

25th November. Strong winds and heavy rain. Not weather for a dog. At least not for a Hugo Dog. He
prefers the heat from the stove and keeps his eyes closed, when I armed with my camera open the
door to the garden. The aim is a photo of a specific Hydrangea, which actually has managed to
flourish and also seems to have the ambition to grow big. Right now she measures approx. half a
meter that is at chest height with Hugo (in absentia).
Hydrangeas are deciduous. But this one lasts long on its leaves.

Pot Primroses - (Primula vulgaris)
Perennial.
Belongs to Primulaceae family.
Flowering: Indoor: December-May. Outdoor: April-May.
Habitat: Moist soil.
(Source: www.haveABC.dk)
Several flower plants in the Baltic Garden clearly have Spring Fever this Autumn.
The Pot Primroses - also called "Primula vulgaris hybrids" - perform their second flowering. Just like last
year. Nevertheless, they bloomed cheerfully in April. Hopefully with the same cheerful repetition next
spring.
Seed dispersal by ants
Primroses belong to the Myrmekochoren plants that use ants to spread their seeds.
As bait for ants all seeds have elaiosomes attached (a fleshy appendage rich in proteins and sugars). The
seeds are carried into the nest, where the ant feed the elaiosomes to their larvae. The left-over in form of
the still intact seeds, are deposited outside the nest. Here the soil is rich in nutrients from uneaten food,
feces and dead ants. In other words, good conditions for the seeds to begin growth.
Other plants that have seeds with elaiosomes: Snowdrop, Pansy ..
(Source: da.wikipedia.org)

Jerusalem artichoke - (Helianthus tuberosus)
Perennial..
Belongs to Asteraceae family.
Height: 2-3 meter.
Flowering: August-November. Short Day plant.
Habitat: The tubers can tolerate temperatures down to -30 degrees C, whereas the aboveground plant
only withstands -5 degrees C. Tubers left in the growing bed produce new plants following year. Crop
rotation is recommended at least every 5 year.
"Jerusalem artichoke is cultivated on professional basis as perennial crops and can remain for decades in
the same field, assuming optimal supply of nutrients, such as calcium." Source: Dipl.-Ing (FH) Georg
Lindl, Die Topinambur Manufaktur, mail 14/12/2012. http://www.lindls.com/ueber-topinambur/item/28
Names: Germany: Topinambur, Jerusalem-Artichoke, Borbel, Erdartischocke, Erdschocke,
Erdsonnenblume, Erdtrüffel, Ewigkeitskartoffel, Indianerknolle, Kleine Sonnenblume,
Knollensonnenblume, Rosskartoffel, Schnapskartoffel, Süßkartoffel og Zuckerkartoffel. UK: Jerusalem
artichoke, Sunroot, Sunchoke, Earth apple og Topinambour. France: Artichaut de Jérusalem, Truffe du
Canada, Poire de terre og Soleil vivace. Sweden: Jordärtskocka. Norway: Jordskokk. (Source:
de.wikipedia.org)
Years ago I came home from the supermarket with some organic Jerusalem artichokes and put them in
the ground. My sister is a great fan of Jerusalem Artichoke Soup. So it was primarily to make her happy.
But also because I wanted to test if cultivation at all was possible in the windswept Baltic Garden.
Sister was indeed very happy, when she went home with the first bags of newly excavated Jerusalem
artichoke tubers. As with so much else, fresh ingredients are indicator of good taste. And - similar to the
newly excavated potatoes - fresh tubers are easier to clean and cook than purchased tubers, which can
be difficult to peel.

All though I enjoyed cultivating the Jerusalem artichokes, I never had the time (nor interest) to use them
as food ingredients in my own kitchen.
So when the nearby area was to be cleared of half withered elder and levelled out for lawn construction,
there was no longer room for growing Jerusalem artichokes. Stems and roots were dug up and thrown on
the compost heap. My sister had long since started her own cultivation of Jerusalem artichokes. Besides,
a bog pig or some other root-eating creature had cheated us from a promising crop of tubers. All eaten,
none left.
In April, the small but efficient vegetable garden had an extra layer of compost soil. A few weeks later, in
an area intended for beans, leafy shoots began to look up from the ground. Unnoticed tubers had
accompanied the compost soil - and even though grow site was inappropriate, the Jerusalem artichokes
were allowed to continue.
Photo of 23 October displays in stark yellow colors, Jerusalem artichoke's gorgeous flower. So highly
located that, for a low life like me, it is difficult to observe, let alone enjoy. Only when strong winds 17th
October laid a few stalks down, the unreachable came within reach.
A dear child has many names ... This also applies Jerusalem artichoke. In particular, France and Germany
are generous with names. Perhaps because these countries have historical tradition of root vegetables in
cooking.
The Jerusalem artichoke was titled 'best soup vegetable' in the 2002 Nice Festival For The Heritage Of
The French Cuisine. France accounts for the largest professional production and use of Jerusalem
artichoke.
In Germany, Jerusalem artichoke has an old-time reputation as "Armeleute-Essen" (Poor Man's Food).
More popular is a schnapps extraction, marketed as "Rossler" in Baden-Württemberg from the late 19th
century. Usually served as a Digestif after the meal to stimulate digestion.
Other uses
There seems almost no end to what the small tuber can be used.
Sugar Manufacturing (Fructose), Biomass production (biogas and bioethanol), Shelter-Planting to protect
other crops from damaging winds, Feed for livestock (pigs, horses) and wildlife management - "one of
the most valuable feed and hide plants for deer, wild boar, hares etc."

(Source: www.wildseeds.eu)
Eat a lot and still lose weight
People on a diet can benefit from eating large amounts of Jerusalem artichokes, without gaining weight.
Fact is the tubers help you eat away your fat stores.
It is the amount of carbohydrate inulin (76%), which makes Jerusalem artichokes a healthy choice for
people on diet and as well diabetics. Inulin acts as blood sugar stabilizer.
Plants that contain high concentrations of inulin include: Onions (2-4%), garlic (9-16%), asparagus (10-
15%), and chicory (13-20%).
Danish Gourmet Roots - Consumer Information
www.havenyt.dk provides detailed information on 17 different varieties, collected and examined by the
Danish Department of Horticulture, according to their suitability as food and their suitability for ecofriendly
cultivation.
Projektet "Gourmet Roots", som er støttet af Fødevareministeriet, har til formål at skaffe viden, som
detailhandel og producenter kan videreformidle til forbrugerne. Konkret ved at sætte navn på sorten,
oplyse dens smags- og aromaegenskaber suppleret med evt. forslag til tilberedning.
1. "Draga" har for eksempel aroma og smag af hasselnød og ærter. Og så bliver den meget melet,
når den koges. Det gør den særligt god til supper og puréer.
2. "Mari" har knapt så kraftig nøddesmag. Den bliver ikke særligt melet, men er til gengæld meget
sprød i rå tilstand, hvilket gør den velegnet til salater.
(Kilde: videnskab.dk)
Projektet Gourmet Roots startede 1. januar 2009 og afsluttes i år 31. december. (Kilde:
djfextranet.agrsci.dk)
Et spadestik med et samtidig ryk i stænglen, og en herlighed af jordskokker kommer til syne. Et
spadestik dybere og flere kommer frem. Hvilken sort, det drejer sig om, har jeg for nuværende opgivet at
finde ud af. Der er ikke stempelmærke i bunden af havens jordskokker.
Så der er ikke andet for end at afvente producenternes og supermarkedernes varedeklarationer - og ad
den vej sammenligne sig frem til en sortsbetegnelse. En anden mulighed er at prøve sig frem i køkkenet.

Der er rigeligt grundlag for eksperimenter.
Forholdsvis frivilligt stiller Nadja og Ida op til prøvesmagning af Saltede Jordskokke-Chips i
kombination med tørrede æblesnitter. Skokker og æble bliver skrællet, skiveskåret og jordskokkeskiverne
vendt i groft salt. Herefter fordelt på en rist i bradepande og sat til tørring natten over på stuens
brændeovn. Næste formiddag prøvesmagning, og ja forbløffende nok, omstændighederne taget i
betragtning, er pigernes dom positiv. Den salte, tørrede jordskok går fint i spænd med sødmen i de
tørrede æble-chips (i øvrigt Belle de Boskoop).
Hyld mod skokke-spisende mosegrise
Jeg har hørt det før, og har også forsøgsvis boret et par grene ned i et specielt generende gangsystem,
som muldvarp eller mosegris havde anlagt i køkkenhaven. Der har imidlertid ikke været konsekvens i mit
brug af hyld. Det bliver der til gengæld til foråret, når hyldegrene stikkes i jorden og får rodfæste som
kantbeplantning i køkkenhaven. Jf oplysningerne i nedenstående citat.
”Bekæmpelse af mosegrise kan være en svær opgave, alt efter hvor stort området er, og hvor stor
bestanden af dem er. Er der et vandløb eller en sø i nærheden, kan man lave et naturligt "hegn", ved at
plante Almindelig Hyld på den side, hvor man vil beskytte imod deres indtrængning i haven. Rødderne
indeholder bitterstoffer, som smager grimt. Blade og bark indeholder stoffer, der er effektive bræk- og
afføringsmidler for pattedyr.”
(Kilde: http://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosegris )

Stedmoder - (Viola wittrockiana)
Toårig. Hybrid af Almindelig Stedmoderblomst.
Tilhører Viol-familien (Violaceae) .
Blomstring: April-Oktober.
Symbolisme: Stedmoderblomsten anvendes internationalt ofte som symbol for Fritænkning. Specifikt
om den filosofiske retning, der opstod i miljøet omkring skaberne af den amerikanske forfatning og
oplysningstiden i Frankrig og Tyskland. Stedmoderblomstens franske navn "Libre-pensée" (fri tanke) er
videreført i det anglo-amerikanske "Pansy" samt i det svenske "Penséer".
(Kilde: en.wikipedia.org)
Stedmoder hører til supermarkedernes faste sortiment af forårsplanter. De tåler frost, og specielt sorten
vi indkøbte i maj i år har sommeren igennem været leveringsdygtig i store, flotte blomster. Og leverer
stadig i stor stil, her i november.
På foto fra 26. November står et lille afkom fra tidligere års udplantning. I selskab med violerne ses
slægtskabet tydeligt.

Kornblomst (Centaurea cyanus)
Etårig.
Tilhører Kurvblomst-familien (Asteraceae).
Højde/længde: 20-100 cm.
Blomstring: Juni-September. De lyseblå, rørformede blomster i yderkanten af kurven er sterile attraper,
der lokker bier, humlebier og sommerfugle til. Mens de midterste mørkere blå byder på nektar til
gengæld for bestøvning.
Voksesteder: Oprindelsesland er Kina. Udbredt i Nordeuropa, hvor den en overgang voksede vildt i
kornmarker (heraf navnet), siden som kulturplante i havebrug. Har endvidere udbredelse i Nordamerika
og Australien.
Anvendelse: Til the-blandinger (fx the Lady Grey blend of Twinings). Til farvning (tekstiler,
akvarelmaling etc.). Medicinsk/kosmetisk: Sårhelende cremer, øjenbadning (rødsprængte, irriterede
øjne).
Navne/Synonymer: Tyskland: Kornblume, Zyane. England: Cornflower, Bachelors button, Bluebottle,
Boutonniere flower, Hurtsickle, Cyani flower. Frankrig: Le Bleuet, Audifoin, Barbeau, Blavelle, Bleuet des
champs, Casse-lunettes, Centaurée bluet, Fleur de Zacharie. Sverige: Duvestol (Blekinge, Skåne),
Blågubbe (Värmland), Blålilja (Halland). Norge: Kornblomst.
Symbolisme: Fra 1968 nationalblomst for Estland. Fra 1871 nationalblomst for det forenede Tyskland.
Partisymbol for det estniske parti Rahvalit. Partisymbol for Samlingspartiet i Finland. Partisymbol for
Folkpartiet liberalerna i Sverige. Landskapsblomst for Östergötland i Sverige. Håbets symbol for ALS
Society of Canada. Kornblomsten er også symbol for Amyotrofisk lateral sklerose (ALS).
(Kilde: engelsk, svensk, dansk, tysk samt fransk wikipedia-beskrivelser af kornblomst. Her link til det
tyske wikipedia, hvorfra der i venstre spalte kan linkes videre til de andre sprog-versioner.
de.wikipedia.org)

November blomstrer - var udgangspunktet for foto af Kornblomster og Morgenfrue. Bemærk frøkapsler
og i det hele taget efterårspræget af visne blade og stængler. Intet bliver fjernet, luget væk. Der gøres
heller ikke forsøg på at rive bedet, så det kan præsentere sig pænt. Næste års blomster ligger i det
tykke, viltre tæppe, der samtidig beskytter mod frost, gøder jorden (primært Morgenfruen) og udgør et
sandt spisekammer for insekter og for bedets regnorme.
Et dejligt eksempel på, at dovenskab kan være en dyd.

Vinterdæk med grøngødning
Før tanken om produktion af Baltisk Have-serien overhovedet havde strejfet, var jeg hver sommer
forbløffet over hvor storartet blomsterne havde det med vækst i staudebedet. UDEN at der vel at mærke
var tilført gødning.
Til sammenligning havde jeg køkkenhaven, som fik supplement af kompost og som alligevel havde brug
for op til flere tilskud af gødning. Hvorfor denne forskel? Ja, det kunne jeg simpelt hen ikke greje.
Men med Baltisk Have-serien fik jeg pludselig indsigt i planternes og insekternes historie. Deres
betydning for trivslen i haven. Og hvad de medbringer af egenskaber, som det er op til os at drage fordel
af. Respektere og værne om.
Alt sammen nyttig viden, som bliver indsamlet fra kyndige folk på Internettet.
Almindelig Hjulkrone - en heldig fejltagelse
I det tidlige forår kan man i havecentre, byggemarkeder og supermarkeder købe blomsterfrø. For næsten
ingen penge, og i et så stort udvalg at det i reglen ender med, at man kommer hjem med mere end der
reelt er plads til i havens bede - og ofte planter, der er helt fremmede for een.
Sådan var det med Agurkeurt. På den lille frøpose var der foto af en smuk, stjerneformet og for mig
ukendt meget blå blomst. Men det var oplysningen på posens bagside, at blomsterne havde en svag duft
og smag af agurk, samt at den kunne bruges i salater - der afgjorde valget.
Pudsigt nok, havnede den i staudebedet - og ikke i køkkenhaven. En heldig fejltagelse - skulle det vise
sig. For i staudebedet fik Agurkeurten lejlighed til at formere sig - år efter år. Og - er jeg blevet klar over
nu - har den år efter år, sammen med Morgenfruen, gødet jorden til fælles benefice for samtlige blomster
i staudebedet.
I køkkenhaven var den efter en enkelt sæson gået til grunde.
Næring til jorden og dyne til rosen
Agurkeurt - også kaldet Almindelig Hjulkrone - fortjener langt mere omtale, og får det, når planten igen
viser sig i staudebedet til foråret.
Her og nu skal den hædres for sit bidrag til en blomstrende November. Utroligt, at den formår at
blomstre - desuagtet at den er bidt og flænset i af nattefrosten.

Yngre planter med lav vækst har fortsat intakte blade - og det er disse saftspændte blade, der i et
vinterdæk skal beskytte havens roser. Jf. foto - hvor jorden omkring en af havens gamle roser er pakket
ind i agurkeurtens friske blade, herefter i rigelige mængder dækket yderligere til med visne blade fra
havens buske og træer.
For således opnås en dobbelt effekt: Næring til jorden og dyne til rosen.

Spredning af muldvarpeskud
Har man en gang banket foden ind i et stivfrossent muldvarpeskud. Eller snublet over et tilsvarende i en
snedrive. Ja, så står oplevelsen knivskarpt i ens erindring. Derfor er der sund fornuft i at sprede de
efterhånden talrige muldvarpeskud, mens jorden endnu er blød og kan flyttes. I sommerhalvåret arbejder
muldvarpen primært i den bageste del af haven, mellem frugttræerne. Så når den inden for de sidste
døgn har indledt det helt store tunnelbyggeri, kan det kun betyde, at vinterkulde er i anmarch.
Muldvarpen har travlt med at opbygge forråd og etablere vinterreder – i hele haven.

Sikring af hegn mod snefygning
Vinteren 2009/10 blev et lærestykke i form og styrke. Store mængder sne, meterhøje driver og kraftig
snefygning fra skiftende vindretninger fik på relativ kort tid demonstreret, hvad der er dårlig konstruktion
og omvendt hvad der er bæredygtig fremtid. Kramper (2,5 x 25 mm) blev flået ud af hegnspælene, og
dyrehegnet efterfølgende krøllet sammen under vægten af snedriverne. Hegnspælene, der ganske vist er
hjemmeavlet ubehandlet gran, altså ikke trykimprægnerede indkøbte - knækkede som var de
tændstikker.
Derimod var dyrehegnet intakt de steder, hvor det var bundet op på levende træer. Jf foto fra 22.
november hvor hegnet, en stolpe samt stammen af en hvidtjørn holdes sammen med snor.

Oprydningen efter vinteren i 2009/10 var så besværlig og tog så lang tid, at da det krøllede dyrehegn
omsider var glattet ud til genbrug, blev det IKKE hæftet med kramper. Nej, det blev bundet fast med
snor. En proces, der stadig foregår. På den del af hegnet, forrest i haven, hvor bygningerne dengang i
2009/10 gav læ og hvor stolperne ikke knækkede.
Da det i forvejen har været hensigten at plante flere frugttræer i haven, var det selvfølgelig oplagt at
sætte et blommetræ i skellet med det samtidige formål, at når blommetræet er tilstrækkeligt højt og
robust, også skal fungere som stolpe for dyrehegnet. Et æbletræ er ligeledes plantet med samme formål.
Og når konjunkturerne tillader det, vil også en valnød indgå.
I modsatte ende af haven fik raftehegnet beskyttelse af en tjørnhæk i vinteren 2009/10. Siden har det
været nødvendigt at afstive med ekstra stolper, udskifte knækkede rafter og som det ses af foto, er der
plantet kirsebær. Visionen er at disse kirsebærtræer vokser op til en blomstrende allé og samtidige
stolper for et dyrehegn. Fordelen ved dyrehegn er, at det på afstand ikke kan ses. Udgifterne ved køb er
få og små. Opsætningen er nem. Endvidere er dyrehegn almindeligvis langtidsholdbar.
Det skal lige nævnes, at dyrehegnet ikke har til formål at holde vildtet ude. Men snarere hunden inde. I
øvrigt kan hare og rådyr let springe over hegnet, og gør det.

The fight against Japanese knotweed
- (Fallopia japonica)
Around the world, researchers are testing methods for effective eradication of Japanese knotweed.
Among these, cultivation of native competing plant species, especially in riparian areas.
Biological control, using Virginia wildrye and prairie cordgrass
" One year of spraying and mowing was not sufficient to adequately suppress Japanese knotweed. By 37
months after sowing, only the multi-species riparian buffer mixture (RBM) had plant cover >20%,
whereas cover for all other mixtures was 80% at 25 months after sowing and ≥50% after 37 months. Two
years of Japanese knotweed suppression was necessary before native species mixtures could successfully
compete against invasive recolonization."
(Source: er.uwpress.org/content/30/3/192.abstract

10.3368/er.30.3.192 Ecological Rest. September 1, 2012 vol. 30 no. 3 192-199.
"Planting Native Species to Control Site Reinfestation by Japanese Knotweed (Fallopia
japonica)"
- by R. Howard Skinner, Martin van der Grinten and Art E. Gover. )
Biological control, practiced by native Blackberries
In the Baltic Garden, the native Blackberry has clasped its stems around the Japanese knotweed and
limited its ability to spread. The Blackberries even send vigorous stems up in the center of the Japanese
knotweed. See photos from the 9th December.
In contrast to Japanese knotweed, Blackberry retains its green leaves throughout the winter - and
therefore constitutes an important source of food for wildlife. The upper withered parts of Japanese
knotweed normally provide support for new shoots in the spring. BUT not this time. The plan is to remove
all stalks and cover the area with black plastic. Then roll out a thick layer of soil, with the possibility that
Blackberries can take root in it.
An alternative solution is to let the grass spread, so the area instead becomes an extension of the
garden-lawn.
As photo from 18th September shows, the Blackberries on their own are doing the arm wrestling with the
Japanese knotweed. There are no other plants to be seen in the frigid darkness, which the Japanese
knotweed creates during its summer growth.
The fact that Japanese knotweed shadows most other plants to death - has placed it on the list of 100
of the World's Worst Invasive Alien Species (the Global Invasive Species Database list -
www.issg.org/database/species/search.asp?st=100ss )

It displaces native plants, affecting wildlife negatively. It alters hydrological processes and causes
erosion. Further it is undermining bridges, houses and dikes. Especially England are heavily afflicted, here
the authorities in desperation have imported a Japanese Leaf flea – a natural enemy of Japanese
knotweed in their native range, Japan.
Biological control, activating aggressive Rust Fungus
British and Japanese scientists believe they have isolated a particularly aggressive candidate to increase
the efficiency of Rust fungus as a biological control agent against Japanese knotweed.
For more information, check this link:
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22749165
Fungal Biol. 2012 Jul;116(7):78591. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2012.04.011. Epub 2012 Apr 28
"Endophytic fungi associated with Fallopia japonica (Polygonaceae) in Japan and their
interactions with Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var. tovariae, a candidate for classical biological
control."
- by Kurose D, Furuya N, Tsuchiya K, Tsushima S, Evans HC.
Natural Resources Inventory Center, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3
Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604.

Tempeltræ - (Ginkgo Biloba)
Tempeltræet sætter et værdigt punktum for blomstrende November. Bemærk i øvrigt, de majestætiske
Gærde Kartebolle. Visne i toppen, men stabile i rodfæstet.

Kildehenvisninger
Forord
www.dhblad.dk
Dansk Handelsblad
- "Supermarkedets salg af blomster stiger støt."
Af Helle-Karin Helstrand
URL: http://www.dhblad.dk/nyheder/2011/4/4/ supermarkedets-salg-af-blomster
-stiger-stoet?alttemplate=printnyhed
- November, 2012.
Potte-Chrysanthemum - (Chrysanthemum Hybrid)
de.wikipedia.org
Die freie Enzyklopädie
- "Chrysanthemen."
URL: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysanthemen
- November, 2012.
www.haveABC.dk
- "Chrysanthemum morifolium."
URL: http://www.haveabc.dk/frontpage.aspx?
id=14&type=26&dbid=51ad0f6e-e91f-4675-a79d-a0b61b619c3b
- November, 2012.
Potte-Rose - (Rosa)
www.husetoghaven.dk
- "Potterose."
URL: http://www.husetoghaven.dk/kunder/cyberia/artikler.nsf/start?Readform&
ContentFrame=http%3A//www.husetoghaven.dk/kunder/cyberia/artikler.nsf/0/
06CAC77286BE34B7C1256A160046B317! OpenDocument&HeaderFrame=javascript%3Asetlink
AndMenuItem%28%22Huset%22%2C%20%22ID0%22%29%3Btop.setbanner%28%22/
C12568D90040DD6B/
WebAdShow%3FOpenAgent%26Section%3DHUSETPLANTELEKSIKON%26Region%3D%22%29%
3B
- November, 2012.
www.hagepraten.no
Hageselskapet Hagepraten
Det norske hageselskaps offisielle diskusjonsforum for alle hageinteresserte
i alle aldre og på alle kunnskapsnivå.
- "Stusselig Potterose."
URL: http://www.hagepraten.no/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=25509
- November, 2012.
www.planteforskning.dk
- Vejen til Viden om Planter.
Links:
Poulsen Roser A/S udvikler nye sorter af roser til dyrkning i potte eller på friland.
Mere end to-tredjedele af verdensproduktionen af potteroser stammer fra forædlingsprogrammet
hos Poulsen Roser A/S.
URL: http://www.planteforskning.dk/links
- November, 2012.
Potte-Hortensia - (Hydrangea macrophylla)
www.haveABC.dk
- "Hortensia - Hydrangea macrophylla - pasning."
URL: http://www.haveabc.dk/frontpage.aspx?id=14&
type=26&dbid=aaca6516-0e0a-4cb8-9a21-fb48ccf5ce0a
- November, 2012.
www.havenyt.dk
Den levende have på nettet.

- "Nye hårdføre hortensiaer."
Af Karna Maj, redaktør af Havenyt.dk, Landsforeningen Praktisk Økologi
URL: http://www.havenyt.dk/artikler/prydhaven/traeer_og_buske/715.html
- November, 2012.
Potte-Aurikler - (Primula vulgaris)
www.haveABC.dk
- "Forårsaurikel - Primula vulgaris (syn. acaulis)."
URL: http://www.haveabc.dk/frontpage.aspx?id=14&
type=26&dbid=d14244a0-8ddc-411b-9c83-a391ddcd4f4f
- November, 2012.
da.wikipedia.org
Den frie encyklopædi.
- "Myrelegeme."
URL: http://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myrelegeme
- November, 2012.
Jordskokker - (Helianthus tuberosus)
de.wikipedia.org
Die freie Enzyklopädie
- "Topinambur."
URL: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topinambur
- November, 2012.
www.wildseeds.eu
Fasangaarden.
- "Topinambur jordskokker (Helianthus tuberosus)."
URL: http://www.wildseeds.eu/
topinambur-jordskokker-helianthus-tuberosus.html
- November, 2012.
ROBERFROID, M., 1999:
Concepts in Functional Foods: The case of Inulin and Oligfructose.
Journal of Nutrition 129, 1398-1401. - November, 2012.
www.havenyt.dk
Den levende have på nettet.
- "17 sorter af jordskokker."
Af Karna Maj, redaktør af Havenyt.dk, Landsforeningen Praktisk Økologi
URL: http://www.havenyt.dk/artikler/koekkenhaven/
groensager/rodfrugter/786.html
- November, 2012.
www.videnskab.dk
- "Jordskokker er ikke bare jordskokker."
Af: Nikolaj Stengade Schultz, journalist
5. januar 2011
URL: http://videnskab.dk/kultur-samfund/
jordskokker-er-ikke-bare-jordskokker
- November, 2012.
djfextranet.agrsci.dk
Gourmet roots.
- "Rodfrugters smag og gastronomiske egnethed - roden til fornyelse i det danske køkken."
Forskningsprojekt bevilliget af FødevareErhverv (nr. 3304-FVFP-08-K-04-01)
med start 1. januar 2009 og afslutning 31. december 2012.
URL: https://djfextranet.agrsci.dk/sites/rodfrugter/
offentligt/Sider/front.aspx
- November, 2012.
da.wikipedia.org
Den frie encyklopædi.
- "Mosegris."
URL: http://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosegris
- November, 2012.

Stedmoder - (Viola wittrockiana)
en.wikipedia.org
The Free Encyclopedia
- "Freethought."
URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freethought
- November, 2012.
Kornblomst (Centaurea cyanus)
de.wikipedia.org
Die freie Enzyklopädie
- "Kornblume."
URL: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kornblume
- November, 2012.
Død over Japansk Pileurt - (Fallopia japonica)
er.uwpress.org
Ecological Restoration
- "Planting Native Species to Control Site Reinfestation by Japanese Knotweed (Fallopia
japonica)."
doi: 10.3368/er.30.3.192 Ecological Rest. September 1, 2012 vol. 30 no. 3 192-199
Authors:
R. Howard Skinner (corresponding author), USDA-ARS, Pasture Systems and Watershed
Management Research Unit,
Building 3702 Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802, howard.skinner@ars.usda.gov
Martin van der Grinten, USDA-NRCS, Big Flats Plant Material Center, 3266-A State Route 352,
Corning, NY 14830
Art E. Gover
URL: http://er.uwpress.org/content/30/3/192.abstract
- November, 2012.
www.issg.org/database
Global Invasive Species Database
- "100 of the World's Worst Invasive Alien Species."
URL: http://www.issg.org/database/species/search.asp?st=100ss
- November, 2012.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
NCBI PubMed.gov
US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
- " Endophytic fungi associated with Fallopia japonica (Polygonaceae) in Japan
and their interactions with Puccinia polygoni-amphibii var. tovariae,
a candidate for classical biological control."
Fungal Biol. 2012 Jul;116(7):785-91. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2012.04.011. Epub 2012 Apr 28.
Authors:
Kurose D, Furuya N, Tsuchiya K, Tsushima S, Evans HC.
Natural Resources Inventory Center, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences,
3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604,
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22749165
- November, 2012.