Training Guide in Surface Weather Observations - Multiple Choices

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Obscurations that stand alone, i.e., do not have a qualifier (descriptor) attached, are reported only when the visibility is less than 7 miles or deemed operationally significant by the observer. Volcanic ash (VA) is always reported when observed regardless of the visibility. Patches of Fog: Indicates that patches of fog Partial Fog: Indicates that a substantial part of the randomly cover the station. station is covered by fog while the remainder is clear of fog. 10SM BCFG 4-6 10SM PRFG
If any type of fog, including mist, is observed, the following flow chart can be used as an aid in determining and reporting the various types of fog. Within 10 Miles? YES Within 5 Miles? YES 6 Feet Deep or More? YES Fairly Uniform in All Directions? YES NO If “FOG” is Visible Report in Remarks, e.g., FG BNK DSNT E-S NO VCFG 1 NO MIFG 1 NO Visibility Less Than 7 Miles? YES NO Is in a Continuous Mass? Visibility Less Than 5/8 Mile? NO NO BCFG 1 YES PRFG 1 YES 4-7 Temperature Below Freezing? (0.1°C or less) NO No Report BR FG 1 - Should be further described in Remarks, e.g., VCFG W-N, MIFG NW-E, BCFG S AND W, PRFG OVR RWY 18. MIFG, PRFG, and BCFG may be reported if the prevailing visibility is 7 statute miles or greater. 4.2 Coding of Present Weather Group(s) YES FZFG No more than three weather groups shall be used to report weather phenomena at or near the station. If more than one significant weather phenomenon is observed, separate weather phenomenon groups shall be included in the report. Precipitation is always reported before obscurations. If more than one form of precipitation is observed, the appropriate abbreviations are combined in a single group with the dominant type of precipitation reported first. In such a single group, the intensity refers to the first precipitation type. The precipitation that follows will be of equal or lesser intensity. Example: RASN FG HZ The same is true if there is more than one type of obscuration. They are entered in the order of dominance. An obscuration that is coded with another present weather group(s) is separated from it by a space. Examples: 3/4SM TSRA BR 1/4SM TS VCSH FG 3SM FU HZ
Page 1 and 2: Training Guide in Surface Weather O
Page 3: PREFACE METAR/SPECI is the internat
Page 6 and 7: CHAPTER 7 - PRESSURE ..............
Page 8 and 9: 1.2 Content and Format of the Manua
Page 10 and 11: 1.6 Report Modifier - COR An observ
Page 12 and 13: 1-6
Page 14 and 15: 12. A METAR observation contains se
Page 16 and 17: 25. At no time shall an observation
Page 18 and 19: 2.1.4 Estimated Winds Though winds
Page 20 and 21: 2-4
Page 22 and 23: Code the following wind situations
Page 24 and 25: 19. Which of the following wind par
Page 26 and 27: 3.1 Visibility 1 CHAPTER 3 VISIBILI
Page 28 and 29: 3.2.3 Surface and Tower Visibility
Page 30 and 31: SUR- FACE VISIBILITY PRESENT WEATHE
Page 32 and 33: 3.3 Visibility Chart As an aid for
Page 34 and 35: OUTLINE DETERMINING VISIBILITY From
Page 36 and 37: REVIEW QUESTIONS Select the best an
Page 38 and 39: 11. 12. At the time of observation,
Page 40 and 41: 23. Weather conditions being equal,
Page 42 and 43: 38. Visibility of 2 3/8 miles is re
Page 44 and 45: When more than one type of present
Page 46 and 47: 4.1.2 Descriptors Descriptors are q
Page 50 and 51: Question: What does an observer do
Page 52 and 53: Footnotes for Weather Phenomena Mat
Page 54 and 55: 9. +FZRA a. Severe freezing rain b.
Page 56 and 57: 23. Volcanic ash is reported: a. wh
Page 58 and 59: 37. Match the following present wea
Page 60 and 61: 46. Which of the following precipit
Page 62 and 63: 59. Steady rain is observed 4 miles
Page 64 and 65: 72. Rain showers of an unknown inte
Page 66 and 67: 5.2 Sky Cover Figure 5-2. Weather O
Page 68 and 69: Example 5-2. One Layer with Single
Page 70 and 71: Figure 5-4. Advancing Layer (sky co
Page 72 and 73: 5-8
Page 74 and 75: Figure 5-10. Surface-base Layer Sur
Page 76 and 77: Example 5-5. Four Layers. The follo
Page 78 and 79: Example 5-8. One Layer. Example 5-9
Page 80 and 81: 1 CU - Cumulus 1 Example 5-12. Mult
Page 82 and 83: layer aloft will be considered as m
Page 84 and 85: 5. When a balloon is used for deter
Page 86 and 87: OUTLINE DETERMINING SKY COVER AMOUN
Page 88 and 89: Select the correct answer. REVIEW Q
Page 90 and 91: 20. If a layer aloft has less than
Page 92 and 93: 40. Match the following reportable
Page 94 and 95: 6.1 Temperature and Dew Point - T
Page 96 and 97: 6. Obtain the difference between th
Page 98 and 99:
Other examples of determining wet-b
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The conversion from ice to water ca
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a. Read right end of index in minim
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Figure 6-8. Reading a Thermometer t
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TIME G LST G UTC (2) TEMP. (°C) DE
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Method II: Centrifugal Force A shor
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INSTRUCTIONS: Select the best answe
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16. Under what conditions is the de
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6-21 +130 129 128 127 126 +125 124
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6-23
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The altimeter setting shall be repo
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7-4
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7. Sea-level pressure is an adjustm
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2. Additive Data [NA SAWRS] 3- and
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8.2.2.2 24-Hour Precipitation Amoun
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When finished, put the emptied meas
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8.3.3.1 Depth of New Snow (Snowfall
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8-10
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10. A thunderstorm is overhead, mov
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26. A 6-hourly maximum temperature
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CHAPTER 9 REVIEW EXERCISES OBSERVIN
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Exercise #3 Lower layer has ____/8t
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Exercise #5 Surface based layer has
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Exercise #7 Total sky coverage is _
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Exercise #9 Lower layer has ____/8t
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Exercise #11 Total sky coverage is
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QUALITY CONTROL EXERCISE Each of th
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21. METAR KKKK 282045Z E29006KT 7SM
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42. METAR KFFF 302250Z 03008KT 40SM
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16. a. METAR 17. b. second 18. d. f
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11. - a change in wind direction of
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...unfocused lights of moderate int
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22. b precipitation occurring not a
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52. b. decreasing dominance. 53. b.
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24. 8 VV 25. 8 OVC 26. 7 BKN 27. as
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A-14
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A-16
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A-18
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18. 1200 UTC or other time modified
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9. Lower layer has 1 /8ths coverage
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16. METAR KFFF 312148Z 36005KT 1 1/
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43. METAR KGGG 052145Z 05009KT 4SM
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WET BULB TEMPERATURES 31 32 33 34 3
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WS Form B-11 (12-96) Pres. by WSOH
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C-3
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. If an altimeter setting indicator
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Training Guide in Surface Weather Observations - Multiple Choices

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