Training Guide in Surface Weather Observations - Multiple Choices

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3.3 Visibility Chart As an aid for determining visibility around the station, all stations are required to have a visibility chart. And to be most useful, this chart should be posted near the point from which you observe visibility. This chart should list or otherwise indicate the location of all visibility markers, their distance from the station, and whether they are daytime or nighttime markers. It is also very important that this visibility chart be kept current. An example of the type of visibility chart used is shown in Exhibit 3-1. Although it is not required, it is useful to have a set of pictures of the visibility markers handy for ready reference. Pictures can be helpful to new observers. 3-7
3.4 Runway Visual Range - RDRD R/VRVRVRVRFT R - Indicates that a runway number follows. DRD R- Runway number; if the airport comprises parallel runways, the runway number may be appended by “L” (left), “R” (right), or “C” (center). VRVRVRV R - Constant reportable value in feet. It is reported in increments of 100 feet up to 1,000 feet, increments of 200 feet from 1,000 feet to 3,000 feet, and increments of 500 feet above 3,000 feet to 6,000 feet. FT - Indicates the unit of measurement is in feet. When reported, runway visual range will be entered in the body of the report between the visibility and present weather groups. The runway visual range is the maximum distance at which the runway, or the specified lights or markers delineating it, can be seen from a position above a specified point on its center line. This value is normally determined by visibility sensors located alongside and higher than the center line of the runway. RVR is reported whenever the prevailing visibility is 1 statute mile or less and/or the RVR for the designated instrument runway is 6,000 feet or less. Example: R12L/1200FT If the RVR value is less than its lowest reportable value, the lowest reportable value is encoded preceded by "M" (minus). If the RVR value is more than its greatest reportable value, the greatest reportable value is encoded preceded by "P" (plus). Example: R12L/M0600FT R12L/P6000FT If RVR equipment is out of service or data are not available, but criteria for reporting RVR exists, the element is omitted from the body of the report and RVRNO is entered in remarks. 3.4.1 Variable Runway Visual Range - DRD R/VnVnVnVnVVxVxVxVxFT In the case of variable RVR, VnVnVnVnVVxVxVxV x, is the minimum and maximum RVR over the 10minute period preceding the time of observation. THE RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE RESULTS FROM AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENTS; THEREFORE, THIS GROUP IS INCLUDED ONLY IF THE INSTRUMENTS THAT TAKE THESE AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENTS ARE AT YOUR STATION. 3-8
Page 1 and 2: Training Guide in Surface Weather O
Page 3: PREFACE METAR/SPECI is the internat
Page 6 and 7: CHAPTER 7 - PRESSURE ..............
Page 8 and 9: 1.2 Content and Format of the Manua
Page 10 and 11: 1.6 Report Modifier - COR An observ
Page 12 and 13: 1-6
Page 14 and 15: 12. A METAR observation contains se
Page 16 and 17: 25. At no time shall an observation
Page 18 and 19: 2.1.4 Estimated Winds Though winds
Page 20 and 21: 2-4
Page 22 and 23: Code the following wind situations
Page 24 and 25: 19. Which of the following wind par
Page 26 and 27: 3.1 Visibility 1 CHAPTER 3 VISIBILI
Page 28 and 29: 3.2.3 Surface and Tower Visibility
Page 30 and 31: SUR- FACE VISIBILITY PRESENT WEATHE
Page 34 and 35: OUTLINE DETERMINING VISIBILITY From
Page 36 and 37: REVIEW QUESTIONS Select the best an
Page 38 and 39: 11. 12. At the time of observation,
Page 40 and 41: 23. Weather conditions being equal,
Page 42 and 43: 38. Visibility of 2 3/8 miles is re
Page 44 and 45: When more than one type of present
Page 46 and 47: 4.1.2 Descriptors Descriptors are q
Page 48 and 49: Obscurations that stand alone, i.e.
Page 50 and 51: Question: What does an observer do
Page 52 and 53: Footnotes for Weather Phenomena Mat
Page 54 and 55: 9. +FZRA a. Severe freezing rain b.
Page 56 and 57: 23. Volcanic ash is reported: a. wh
Page 58 and 59: 37. Match the following present wea
Page 60 and 61: 46. Which of the following precipit
Page 62 and 63: 59. Steady rain is observed 4 miles
Page 64 and 65: 72. Rain showers of an unknown inte
Page 66 and 67: 5.2 Sky Cover Figure 5-2. Weather O
Page 68 and 69: Example 5-2. One Layer with Single
Page 70 and 71: Figure 5-4. Advancing Layer (sky co
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Page 74 and 75: Figure 5-10. Surface-base Layer Sur
Page 76 and 77: Example 5-5. Four Layers. The follo
Page 78 and 79: Example 5-8. One Layer. Example 5-9
Page 80 and 81: 1 CU - Cumulus 1 Example 5-12. Mult
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layer aloft will be considered as m
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5. When a balloon is used for deter
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OUTLINE DETERMINING SKY COVER AMOUN
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Select the correct answer. REVIEW Q
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20. If a layer aloft has less than
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40. Match the following reportable
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6.1 Temperature and Dew Point - T
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6. Obtain the difference between th
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Other examples of determining wet-b
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The conversion from ice to water ca
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a. Read right end of index in minim
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Figure 6-8. Reading a Thermometer t
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TIME G LST G UTC (2) TEMP. (°C) DE
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Method II: Centrifugal Force A shor
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INSTRUCTIONS: Select the best answe
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16. Under what conditions is the de
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6-21 +130 129 128 127 126 +125 124
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6-23
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The altimeter setting shall be repo
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7-4
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7. Sea-level pressure is an adjustm
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2. Additive Data [NA SAWRS] 3- and
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8.2.2.2 24-Hour Precipitation Amoun
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When finished, put the emptied meas
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8.3.3.1 Depth of New Snow (Snowfall
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8-10
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10. A thunderstorm is overhead, mov
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26. A 6-hourly maximum temperature
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CHAPTER 9 REVIEW EXERCISES OBSERVIN
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Exercise #3 Lower layer has ____/8t
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Exercise #5 Surface based layer has
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Exercise #7 Total sky coverage is _
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Exercise #9 Lower layer has ____/8t
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Exercise #11 Total sky coverage is
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QUALITY CONTROL EXERCISE Each of th
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21. METAR KKKK 282045Z E29006KT 7SM
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42. METAR KFFF 302250Z 03008KT 40SM
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16. a. METAR 17. b. second 18. d. f
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11. - a change in wind direction of
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...unfocused lights of moderate int
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22. b precipitation occurring not a
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52. b. decreasing dominance. 53. b.
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24. 8 VV 25. 8 OVC 26. 7 BKN 27. as
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A-14
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A-16
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A-18
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18. 1200 UTC or other time modified
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9. Lower layer has 1 /8ths coverage
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16. METAR KFFF 312148Z 36005KT 1 1/
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43. METAR KGGG 052145Z 05009KT 4SM
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WET BULB TEMPERATURES 31 32 33 34 3
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WS Form B-11 (12-96) Pres. by WSOH
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C-3
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. If an altimeter setting indicator
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Training Guide in Surface Weather Observations - Multiple Choices

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