Identification of important interactions between subchondral bone ...

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Suzi Høgh Madsen, PhD thesis 4
Contents Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Sammendrag på dansk (abstract in Danish) ............................................................................................. 9 CHAPTER 1 Objectives .................................................................................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER 2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 13 2.1 Epidemiology and etiology of osteoarthritis ................................................................................ 13 2.2 Biology of the joint .......................................................................................................................... 15 2.2.1 Development of bone from a cartilage template ................................................................. 15 2.2.2 Adult bone - macroscopic and microscopic organization .................................................. 17 2.2.3 The cells of bone and their communications ....................................................................... 19 2.2.4 Articular cartilage ...................................................................................................................... 22 2.3 The pathology of Osteoarthritis .................................................................................................... 25 2.3.1 A chondrocyte is not just a chondrocyte .............................................................................. 26 2.3.2 The extracellular matrix of cartilage in OA .......................................................................... 28 2.3.3 The subchondral bone in OA ................................................................................................. 29 2.3.4 Diagnostics - biochemical markers as a tool ........................................................................ 30 2.4 The effect of Glucocorticoids ........................................................................................................ 33 2.5 References for CHAPTER 2 ......................................................................................................... 35 CHAPTER 3 Overview of OA models ........................................................................................................................... 43 3.1 Pre-clinical models ........................................................................................................................... 43 3.2 Advantages/disadvantages of pre-clinical models ...................................................................... 44 3.2.1 In vitro .......................................................................................................................................... 44 3.2.2 Ex vivo......................................................................................................................................... 44 3.2.3 In vivo........................................................................................................................................... 46 3.3 Ex vivo controls ................................................................................................................................ 47 3.4 References for CHAPTER 3 ......................................................................................................... 48 5
Page 1 and 2: F A C U L T Y O F S C I E N C E U N
Page 3 and 4: Supervisors University of Copenhage
Page 5: Preface Preface The work presented
Page 9 and 10: Abstract Abstract Osteoarthritis (O
Page 11 and 12: Sammendrag på dansk Sammendrag på
Page 13 and 14: CHAPTER 1 Objectives CHAPTER 1: Obj
Page 15 and 16: CHAPTER 2 Introduction CHAPTER 2: I
Page 17 and 18: 2.2 Biology of the joint CHAPTER 2:
Page 19 and 20: CHAPTER 2: Introduction Also osteob
Page 21 and 22: CHAPTER 2: Introduction follows nor
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER 2: Introduction When the jo
Page 25 and 26: CHAPTER 2: Introduction Cartilage i
Page 27 and 28: 2.3 The pathology of Osteoarthritis
Page 29 and 30: CHAPTER 2: Introduction number of a
Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER 2: Introduction Cysteine pr
Page 33 and 34: CHAPTER 2: Introduction include car
Page 35 and 36: 2.4 The effect of Glucocorticoids C
Page 37 and 38: 2.5 References for CHAPTER 2 1 WebM
Page 39 and 40: 51 Lorenz H. and Richter W. Osteoar
Page 41 and 42: 97 Nakamura H., Tanaka M., Masuko-H
Page 43 and 44: 139 Garnero P., Ayral X., Rousseau
Page 45 and 46: CHAPTER 3 Overview of OA models CHA
Page 47 and 48: CHAPTER 3: Overview of OA models of
Page 49 and 50: 3.3 Ex vivo controls CHAPTER 3: Ove
Page 51 and 52: 19 Brandt K.D. Animal models of ost
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 4: PAPER I PAPER
Page 55 and 56: 266 Cartilage 2(3) therapy for oste
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268 Cartilage 2(3) Figure 1. Charac
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270 Cartilage 2(3) Figure 4. The ca
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272 Cartilage 2(3) Figure 5. Cytoki
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274 Cartilage 2(3) Figure 6. The an
Page 65 and 66:
276 Cartilage 2(3) supports the inc
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278 Cartilage 2(3) release and rece
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CHAPTER 5 CHAPTER 5: PAPER II PAPER
Page 71 and 72:
leading to fragility fractures [12]
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after 1 week (Fig. 2F). The additio
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use a range of assays ranging from
Page 77 and 78:
still some controversy regarding th
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CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER 6: PAPER III PAPE
Page 81 and 82:
Biomarkers Downloaded from informah
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Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
CHAPTER 7 CHAPTER 7: PAPER IV PAPER
Page 93 and 94:
Introduction CHAPTER 7: PAPER IV Ca
Page 95 and 96:
Bovine articular cartilage experime
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CHAPTER 7: PAPER IV Detection of ke
Page 99 and 100:
CHAPTER 7: PAPER IV The MMP inhibit
Page 101 and 102:
CHAPTER 7: PAPER IV The pre-stimula
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CHAPTER 8 CHAPTER 8: General discus
Page 105 and 106:
Future perspectives CHAPTER 8: Futu
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Appendix I Co-author declarations f
Page 109 and 110:
Appendix I 107
Page 111 and 112:
Appendix I 109
Page 113 and 114:
Appendix I 111
Page 115:
Biochemical Markers of Joint Tissue
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