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Auer rods 82 autoantibodies, virus infection-associated
pANAC. Antibodies against the 50-kDa protein reveal a
nuclear rim-like fluorescence on myeloid cells observed
by immunofluorescence microscopy. Thus, the atypical
pANCAs in UC, PSC, or AIH recognize a 50-kDa myeloidspecific
nuclear envelope protein.
Auer rods
Finely granular flat structures found in myeloid lineage
leukemic cell cytoplasm.
Auer’s colitis
An Arthus reaction in the intestine produced by the inoculation
of albumin serving as an antigen into the colons of
rabbits that have developed antialbumin antibodies. An
inflammatory lesion is produced in the colon and is marked
by hemorrhage and necrosis.
Australia antigen (AA)
Hepatitis B viral antigen. The name is derived from detection
in an Australian aborigine. Australia antigen is demonstrable
in the cytoplasm of an infected hepatocyte. In early
hepatitis B, there is sublobular cell involvement, but later
in the disease only some hepatocytes are antigen-positive.
There is a positive correlation between the presence of
hepatitis B antigen in the livers of a group of people and the
group’s incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma.
autoagglutination
The spontaneous aggregation of erythrocytes, microorganisms,
or other particulate antigens in a saline suspension,
thereby confusing interpretation of bacterial agglutination
assays. The term also refers to the aggregation of an individual’s
cells by his own antibody.
autoallergy
Tissue injury or disease induced by immune reactivity
against self antigens.
Self antigen
Drug hapten
OR
Bacteria
OR
Virus
OR
Genetic mutation
Autoantibody
Processed,
presented
to T cell
Immunocompetent
to self Ag
autoantibodies
An antibody that recognizes and interacts with an antigen
present as a natural component of the individual synthesizing
the autoantibody. The ability of these autoantibodies to
crossreact with corresponding antigens from other members
of the same species provides a method for in vitro detection
of such autoantibodies. Autoantibodies are specific for self
antigen and can lead to cell and tissue injury.
autoantibodies against lamin
Autoantibodies against lamin, a nuclear antigen, are present
in the sera of chronic autoimmune disease patients
manifesting hepatitis, leukocytoclastic angiitis or brain
T
Autoantibody formation.
B
Antiactin autoantibody.
Antikeratin autoantibody.
vasculitis, cytopenia, and circulating anticoagulant or
cardiolipin antibodies. They form a rim-type antinuclear
staining pattern in immunofluorescence assays. A minority
of systemic lupus erythematosus patients develop antibodies
to lamin. The autoantibodies are found in selected
patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
IFA is the method of choice for their detection. Lamin
autoantibodies occur in selected patients with chronic
autoimmune disease marked by hepatitis, cytopenia with
circulating anticoagulants or cardiolipin antibodies,
cutaneous leukocytoclastic angitis, and possibly brain
vasculitis. They may occur naturally, be crossreacting,
or may form in response to antigen. They have no known
clinical significance.
autoantibodies against pepsinogen
Autoantibodies that develop in autoimmune atrophic gastritis
patients with pernicious anemia. Three fourths of peptic
ulcer patients have pepsinogen antibodies.
autoantibodies to gastric parietal cells
Autoantibodies specific for both the catalytic 100-kDa (α)
and the 60- to 90-kDa glycoprotein (β) subunits of gastric
H + /K + ATPase, the enzyme that acidifies gastric juice.
Detection is by immunofluorescence.
autoantibodies, virus infection-associated
Viral infections may stimulate the production of autoantibodies
in three ways: (1) by complexing with cell
surface histocompatibility antigens to form new immunogenic
units; (2) by nonspecifically stimulating the
proliferation of lymphocytes (e.g., after infection with