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osette 630 Roux, Emile (1853–1933)
LFA-3
upon immunological cross reactivity of human and rabbit
IgG molecules. The test may show positive results in collagen
vascular diseases other than rheumatoid arthritis, but
it has still proven beneficial for diagnosis.
rosette
Cells of one type surrounding a single cell of another type.
The rosette was used as an early method to enumerate T
cells (i.e., in the formation of E rosettes, in which CD2
markers on human T lymphocytes adhere to and surround
LFA-3 molecules on sheep red cells to give a rosette
arrangement). Another example was the use of the EAC
rosette consisting of erythrocytes coated with antibody and
complement surrounding B cell-bearing Fc receptors or
complement receptors on its surface.
rotavirus
A double-stranded RNA virus that is encapsulated and belongs
to the reovirus family. It is 70 nm in diameter and causes
epidemics of gastroenteritis that are usually relatively mild but
may be severe in children below 2 years of age.
rouleaux formation
Erythrocytes arranged in the form of stacked coins.
This formation is observed when plasma fibrinogen and
globulins are increased. It is also seen when sedimentation
rate is increased due to monoclonal immunoglobulins, as
in multiple myeloma or Waldenström’s disease or when
dextran is administered. Rouleaux formation may also
accompany cryoglobulinemia, sarcoidosis, and cirrhosis.
When rouleaux formation interferes with reading weak
antigen–antibody reactions, the effect may be diminished
by diluting the sample with physiological saline solution.
T
Rotavirus.
Human
T Cell
CD2
Sheep
RBC
E Rosette
T
Formation of rosette.
Destabilized
E Rosette
in vitro
T
round cells
Pathologists’ term for mononuclear cells, especially lymphocytes,
that infiltrate tissues.
Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)
A single-stranded RNA type C oncovirus that produces
sarcomas in chickens. It is the typical acute transforming
retrovirus. Within its genome are gag, pol, env, and v-src genes:
gag encodes a core protein, pol encodes reverse transcriptase,
and env encodes envelope glycoprotein. V-scr is an oncogene
associated with the oncogenic capacity of the virus.
Emile Roux.
Roux, Emile (1853–1933)
A close colleague of Louis Pasteur at the Institut Pasteur in
Paris. He showed that the bacterium-free filtrate of the diphtheria
bacillus culture contained an exotoxin that produced
the disease. He later became director of the Institut Pasteur.