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antibody unit 48 anti-CD5 monoclonal antibody
Antibody structure.
titer determinations are required to reflect an individual’s
exposure to an infectious agent.
antibody unit
Refer to titer.
anti-broad spectrum cytokeratin antibody
A mouse monoclonal antibody that may be used to identify
cells of normal and abnormal epithelial lineage and as an
aid in the diagnosis of anaplastic tumors. The cytokeratins
comprise a group of intermediate filament proteins that occur
in normal and neoplastic cells of epithelial origin. The 19
known human cytokeratins are divided into acidic and basic
subfamilies, and they occur in pairs in epithelial tissues, with
the composition of pairs varying according to the epithelial
cell type, stage differentiation, cellular growth, environment,
and disease state. The pankeratin cocktail recognizes most of
the acidic and all of the basic cytokeratins, making it a useful
general stain for nearly all epithelial tissues and their tumors.
This antibody binds specifically to antigens located in the
cytoplasmic regions of normal simple and complex epithelial
cells. The antibody is used to qualitatively stain cytokeratins
in sections of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. Antipankeratin
primary antibody contains a mouse monoclonal
antibody raised against an epitope found on human epidermal
keratins. It reacts with 56.5-, 50-, 48-, and 40-kDa
cytokeratins of the acidic subfamily and 67- to 65-, 64-, 59-,
58-, 56-, and 52-kDa cytokeratins of the basic subfamily. In
anaplastic tumors, the percentage of tumor cells showing
cytokeratin reactivity may be small (under 5%). Unexpected
antigen expression or loss of expression may occur, especially
in neoplasms. Occasionally, stromal elements surrounding
heavily stained tissue and/or cells will show immunoreactivity.
The clinical interpretation of any staining or its absence
must be complemented by morphological studies and evaluation
of proper controls.
anti-BRST-2 (GCDFP-15) monoclonal antibody
An antibody specific for BRST-2 antigen expressed by
apocrine sweat glands, eccrine glands (variable), minor
salivary glands, bronchial glands, metaplastic epithelium of
the breast, benign sweat gland tumors of the skin, and the
serous cells of the submandibular gland. Breast carcinomas
(primary and metastatic lesions) with apocrine features
express the BRST-2 antigen. BRST-2 is positive in extramammary
Paget’s disease. Other tumors are negative.
anti-BRST-3 (B72.3) monoclonal antibody
A monoclonal antibody that recognizes TAG-72, a tumorassociated
oncofetal antigen expressed by a wide variety of
Tag 72⎯carcinoma of the breast.
human adenocarcinomas. This antigen is expressed by 84%
of invasive ductal breast carcinoma and 85 to 90% of colon,
pancreatic, gastric, esophageal, lung (non-small cell), ovarian,
and endometrial adenocarcinomas. It is not expressed by
leukemias, lymphomas, sarcomas, mesotheliomas, melanomas,
or benign tumors. TAG-72 is also expressed on normal
secretory endometrium but not on other normal tissues.
anticardiolipin antibody syndrome
Circulating lupus anticoagulant syndrome (CLAS). A clinical
situation in which circulating anticardiolipin antibodies
may occur in patients with lupus erythematosus in conjunction
with thromboembolic events linked to repeated
abortions caused by placenta vasculothrombosis, repeated
myocardial infarction, pulmonary hypertension, and possibly
renal and cerebral infarction. There is neurologic
dysfunction, including a variety of manifestations such as
myelopathy, transient ischemic attacks, chorea, epilepsy,
etc. There may be hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia,
and Coombs’ positive reactivity. Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
anticardiolipin antibodies manifest 80% specificity for the
anticardiolipin antibody syndrome. Anticardiolipin antibodies
and DNA show crossreactivity.
anti-CD1a antibody
A murine monoclonal antibody that reacts with CD1a, a
nonpolymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
class-I-related cell surface glycoprotein expressed in
association with β 2 microglobulin. In normal tissues, the
antibody reacts with cortical thymocytes, Langerhans’
cells, and interdigitating reticulum cells. It also reacts with
thymomas, Langerhans’ histiocytosis cells (histiocytosis
X), some T cell lymphomas, and leukemias. The staining is
localized on the membrane.
anti-CD5 monoclonal antibody
This antibody detects CD5 antigen expressed in 95% of
thymocytes and 72% of peripheral blood lymphocytes. In
lymph nodes, the main reactivity is observed in T cells.
CD5 antigen is expressed by many T cell leukemias,
lymphomas, and activated T cells. It is also expressed on a
subset of B cells. CD5 is recommended for the identification
of mantle cell lymphomas. Antibodies to CD5 may prove of
particular use in the detection of T cell acute lymphocytic
leukemias (T-ALLs), some B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias
(B-CLLs), and B and T cell lymphomas. CD5 does
not react with granulocytes or monocytes.