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pituitary hormones 574 plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay
Clemens Peter Freiherr von Pirquet.
and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) deficiency.
They may portend an unfavorable consequence of pituitary
microsurgery for Cushing’s disease. Forty-eight percent
of children with cryptorchidism may develop autoantibodies
against follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-secreting
and luteinizing hormone (LH)-secreting pituitary cells.
Autoantibodies against pituitary hormones have been discovered
in 45% of patients with pituitary tumors or empty
sella syndrome but not in normal individuals; 100% develop
ACTH autoantibodies, and 20% form thyroid-stimulating
hormone (TSH) and growth hormone (GH) autoantibodies.
Empty sella syndrome may be induced by hypophysitis secondary
to pituitary autoantibodies in adults. Autoantibodies
against prolactin develop in 16% of patients with idiopathic
hyperprolactinemia. Patients with these autoantibodies do
not usually have clinical symptoms of hyperprolactinemia.
pituitary hormones
Immunoperoxidase staining of pituitary adenomas with
antibodies to adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH),
growth hormone (GH), prolactin, follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) facilitates
definition of their clinical phenotype.
P1 kinase
A serine/threonine kinase activated by interferons α and β.
It prevents translation by phosphorylating eIF2, the eukaryotic
protein synthesis initiation factor. This facilitates inhibition
of viral replication.
PK reaction
Refer to Prausnitz–Küstner reaction.
PK test
Abbreviation for Prausnitz–Küstner reaction.
plague vaccine
Yersinia pestis microorganisms killed by heat or formalin
are injected intramuscularly to induce immunity against
plague. It is administered in three doses 4 weeks or more
apart. The duration of the immunity is approximately
6 months. A live attenuated vaccine, used mainly in Java, has
also been found to induce protective immunity. An immunizing
preparation is prepared from a crude fraction of killed
Yersinia pestis plague microorganisms or synthetically from
recombinant proteins. It is rarely used except in a laboratory
or for field workers in regions where plague is endemic.
plantibodies
Antibodies derived from plants such as tobacco that may be
used in research. They may prove less immunogenic than
murine antibodies. Antibody-like substances synthesized by
transgenic plants.
Plant immunity.
plant immunity
Immunity in higher plants consists of an immune state of
systemic acquired resistance (SAR) that follows a local
infection by pathogenic microorganisms that leads to
lesions with death of host cells. SAR encompasses a broad
spectrum of bacterial, viral, and fungal agents, as well as
the infective pathogen. Various SAR genes encode numerous
microbicidal proteins induced by endogenous chemicals
that include salicylic acid, which combines with a catalase
to increase H 2O 2, which may facilitate defense.
Top view of
petri dish
Hemolytic plaque
Plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay.
Plaque-
forming
cell
plaque-forming assay
Refer to hemolytic plaque assay.
plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay
Technique for demonstrating and enumerating cells forming
antibodies against a specific antigen. Mice are immunized
with sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). After a specified period,
a suspension of splenic cells from the immunized mouse
is mixed with antigen (SRBC) and spread on a suitable
semisolid gel medium. After or during incubation at 37°C,
complement is added. The erythrocytes that have anti-SRBC