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Ovary, Zoltan 546 Owen, Ray David (1915–)
Ovary autoantibodies.
steroid cell autoantibodies. These autoantibodies occur
in 78% of patients with premature ovarian failure and
Addison’s disease.
Zoltan Ovary.
Ovary, Zoltan
Investigator at New York University who perfected passive
cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). The PCA test will always be
associated with his name.
Sheep.
ovine immune system
Sheep are valuable for investigation of the physiology of the
immune system. A technique termed lymphatic cannulation
of single lymph nodes in sheep offers a powerful tool to
analyze immune cell populations within various immunological
microenvironments. The cannulated lymph node
maintains intact vascular and neurological connections.
Cannulation of the efferent lymphatic permits monitoring
of immunological events in a single lymph node. Numerous
studies have been conducted on ovine cellular and molecular
markers of lymphocyte populations, their subsets, and
receptors. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class
I and class II genes and proteins, immunoglobulins, and
cytokines have been described. The ileal Peyer’s patches
in the intestine serve as primary lymphoid organs for B
cell lymphopoiesis. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) is
higher in sheep than in humans. The three principal T cell
subsets in sheep include the majority of CD4 + or CD8 +
T cells that express the αβ T cell receptor together with
adhesion molecules. The double negative CD4 – /CD8 – T cell
subset contains the γδ T cell subset, which is a measured
subpopulation in ruminants. Both MHC class I and class II
molecules are products of the MHC region in sheep. The
afferent lymph of sheep is a physiological source of antigenpresenting
dendritic cells.
Ray D. Owen.
Owen, Ray David (1915–)
American geneticist who described erythrocyte mosaicism
in dizygotic cattle twins. His discovery of reciprocal
erythrocyte tolerance contributed to the concept of
immunologic tolerance. The observation that cattle twins
that shared a common fetal circulation were chimeras and
could not reject transplants of each other’s tissues later in
life. Provided the groundwork for Burnett’s ideas about
tolerance and Medawar’s work in transplantation.