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myogenin (F5D, mouse) 521 myositis-specific autoantibodies
adrenoreceptor protein, and heat-shock protein (HSP)-60.
The autoantigen in Dressler syndrome has not yet been
identified.
myogenin (F5D, mouse)
Anti-myogenin monoclonal antibody labels the nuclei of
myoblasts in developing muscle tissue, and is expressed in
tumor cell nuclei of rhabdomyosarcoma. Positive nuclear
staining may occur in Wilm’s tumor and some myopathies.
myoglobin
Oxygen-storing muscle protein that serves as a marker of
muscle neoplasms, demonstrable by immunoperoxidase
staining for surgical pathologic diagnosis.
myoglobin antibody
A reagent that stains normal striated muscle and striated
muscle containing tumor. Using immunohistochemical procedures
on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, this
antibody stains human skeletal and cardiac muscle.
myoid cell
A cell present in the neonatal thymus of humans and other
species. It contains skeletal myofibrils.
myositis-associated autoantibodies
Antibodies to the nucleolar antigen PM-Scl are found in
patients with features of scleroderma and polymyositis/
dermatomyositis. This antibody is specific for a complex of
nucleolar proteins. The principal antigen having a molecular
mass of 100 kDa is found mainly in Caucasians with
overlap syndrome. Antibodies against the Ku antigen are
found in a few Japanese patients with overlap syndrome.
The Ku antibody is specific for 70- and 80-kDa DNAbinding
proteins. Anti-Ku autoantibodies are also found in
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), dermatomyositis, scleroderma,
thyroid disease, and Sjögren’s syndrome. Other
autoantibodies found in inflammatory myopathies include
anti-U 1 RNP, which helps define mixed connective tissue
disease (MCTD); high titers of anti-RNP may also be found
in inflammatory muscle disease. Autoantibodies against
SSA (Ro), antithyroid microsome antibodies, and rheumatoid
factor have also been found in myositis syndromes.
myositis-specific autoantibodies
Many patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs)
generate autoantibodies against aminoacyl-transfer (tRNA)
synthetases (myositis-specific antibodies) that represent a group
of cellular enzymes that catalyze binding of one amino acid to
their tRNA. Autoantibodies against eight of these synthetases
have been found in IIMs. Jo-1 antibodies specific for histidyltRNA
synthetase are most common (found in 20 to 30% of
IIMs). Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase autoantibodies are closely
associated with interstitial lung disease, arthritis, and Raynaud’s
phenomenon. Other myositis-specific autoantibodies include
those that react with signal recognition particles (SRPs) in acute
onset severe myalgic IIM, Mi-2 antibodies reactive with 235-
to 240-kDa nuclear antigen in 15 to 25% of dermatomyositis
patients, anti-elongation factor Iα autoantibodies, and RNAreactive
autoantibodies.
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