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LPS-binding protein (LBP) 460 lupus erythematosus (LE), drug-induced
LPS-binding protein (LBP)
A substance that can bind a bacterial lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) molecule; this enables it to interact with CD14, an
LPS:LBP-binding protein, on macrophages and selected
other cells.
L r dose (historical)
The least amount of toxin that, after combination with one
unit of antitoxin, will produce a minimal skin lesion when
injected intracutaneously into a guinea pig.
L-selectin
An adhesion molecule of the selectin family found on
lymphocytes; it is responsible for the homing of lymphocytes
to lymph node high endothelial venules where it binds
to CD34 and GlyCAM-1. It induces the migration of naïve
lymphocytes into secondary lymphoid tissues. L-selectin is
also found on neutrophils, where it acts to bind the cells to
activated endothelium early in the inflammatory process.
Also called CD62L.
LSGP (leukocyte sialoglycoprotein)
A richly glycosylated protein present on thymocytes and
T lymphocytes. B lymphocytes are devoid of leukocyte
sialoglycoprotein.
LT
Abbreviation for lymphotoxin.
LT
A mediator of killing by cytolytic T cells, helper/killer T cells,
natural killer cells, and lymphokine-activated killer cells.
lung autoantibodies
Autoantibodies to lung have been described in the sera
of patients with farmer’s lung. Cytotoxic autoantibodies
against lung tissue have been reported in sarcoidosis and
extrinsic asthma but are not well defined. Antibasement
membrane antibodies specific for lung and kidney antigens
are recognized in Goodpasture’s syndrome.
lupoid hepatitis
Autoimmune hepatitis usually found in young females who
may produce antinuclear, antimitochondria, and antismooth
muscle antibodies. Fifteen percent of these patients may
show lupus erythematosus (LE) cells in the blood. This form
Oligosaccharide repeats
O side chain
EtN
KDO
KDO
HO
O
P
O
Core polysaccharide
O
O
of hepatitis has the histologic appearance of chronic active
hepatitis, which generally responds well to corticosteroids.
lupus anticoagulant (LAC)
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) or IgM antibody that develops in
lupus erythematosus (LE) patients, in certain individuals
with neoplasia or drug reactions, in some normal persons,
and in some AIDS patients who have active opportunistic
infections. These antibodies are specific for phospholipoproteins
or phospholipid constituents of coagulation factors.
In vitro, these antibodies inhibit coagulation dependent
upon phospholipids. Members of a family of acquired circulating
anticoagulants, lupus anticoagulants are immunoglobulins
that lead to prolonged coagulation screening tests
that include activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)
and prothrombin time (PT). LAC shows species specificity
for a prothrombin–anionic phospholipid neoepitope in
primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS). LAC assays
may be useful for predicting thrombosis.
lupus erythematosus (LE)
A connective tissue disease associated with the development
of autoantibodies against DNA, RNA, and nucleoproteins.
It is believed to be due to hyperactivity of the B cell limb of
the immune response. Clinical manifestations include skin
lesions (including the so-called butterfly rash on the cheeks
and across the bridge of the nose) that are light sensitive.
Patients may develop vasculitis, arthritis, and glomerulonephritis.
When the disease is confined to the skin, it is referred
to as discoid LE or cutaneous LE. Approximately 75% of
patients with lupus have renal involvement.
lupus erythematosus (LE) and pregnancy
Pregnant patients with lupus erythematosus may experience
fetal wasting caused by thromboses. Spontaneous
abortion together with anticardiolipin antibody and
anti-Rh antibodies may be linked to fertility failure and
death of the fetus.
lupus erythematosus (LE), drug-induced
Certain drugs such as procainamide, hydralazine,
d-penicillamine, phenytoin, isoniazid, and ergot
substances may produce a condition resembling lupus
in patients who receive them. Most cases develop
FA
O
CH2 O
NH
C O
CH2 FA
O
FA
O
NH
C O
CH2 P
O
O P
O
OH
HC OH
HC O FA
FA(CH 2 ) 10
CH 3
Lipid A
Lipopolysaccharide or endotoxin.
O
CH2 O
O
FA(CH 2 ) 10
CH 3
O O