Untitled - D Ank Unlimited

leukocyte culture 448 leukocytoclastic vasculitis
ICAM-1 D1 D2
ICAM-2
LFA-3
LFA-3
CD2
Key:
LFA-1 LFA-1
N-glycosylation site
Cysteine
ICAM-1
T cell
Adhesion to artificial membranes.
LFA-1 LFA-1
D3 D4 D5
D1 D2
D1 D2
D1 D2
D12 D2
Immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion receptors.
leukocyte culture
In the past, mononuclear blood cells have been cultured in
vitro in a medium containing serum to support growth; however,
culture of cells to be used for patient reinfusion must be
grown in a medium that is free of serum, endotoxin, and antibiotics.
Tissue culture vessels for the large-scale expansion of
leukocytes include polystyrene flasks that can be stacked on
top of one another in an incubator; gas-permeable cell-culture
bags (30 of which contain 1500 mL of cell culture each)
that may be placed in an incubator; tissue-culture bioreactors
that include the hollow-fiber cell culture bioreactors; and the
rotary cell culture system, both of which provide a threedimensional
growth environment. Clinical applications of
leukocyte culture include (1) generation of lymphokine-activated
killer (LAK) cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
(TILs) for adoptive immunotherapy; (2) CD34 + cell culture
and in vitro generation of hematopoietic precursors for bone
marrow reconstitution; and (3) culture of dendritic cells for
use in active immunization.
leukocyte-function-associated antigens (LFAs)
Cell adhesion molecules that include LFA-1, a β 2 integrin;
LFA-2, an immunoglobulin superfamily member; and
LFA-3, an immunoglobulin superfamily member now
designated CD58. LFA-1 facilitates T cell adhesion to
endothelial cells and antigen-presenting cells.
leukocyte groups
Leukocytes may be grouped according to their surface antigens
such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class
I and class II histocompatibility antigens. These surface
antigens may be detected by several techniques including
the microlymphotoxicity assay and DNA typing.
leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF)
A lymphokine that prevents polymorphonuclear leukocyte
migration. T lymphocytes activated in vitro may produce
this lymphokine, which can interfere with the migration
of polymorphonuclear neutrophils from a capillary tube,
as observed in a special chamber devised for a laboratory
demonstration. Serine esterase inhibitors inhibit LIF activity,
although they do not have this effect on macrophage
migration inhibitory factor (MIF). This inhibitor is released
by normal lymphocytes stimulated with the concanavalin
A lectin or by sensitized lymphocytes challenged with the
specific antigen. LIF is a 65- to 70-kDa protein.
leukocyte integrins
Refer to leukocyte-function-associated antigens.
leukocyte migration inhibitory factor
Refer to leukocyte inhibitory factor.
leukocyte sialoglycoprotein
Refer to LGSP.
leukocyte transfer
Refer to adoptive transfer.
leukocytoclastic vasculitis
A type of vasculitis with karyorrhexis of inflammatory
cell nuclei. Fragments of neutrophil nuclei and immune
complexes are deposited in vessels. Direct immunofluorescence
reveals IgM, C3, and fibrin in vessel walls. Nuclear
dust, necrotic debris, and fibrin staining of the postcapillary
venules are present. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis represents
a type of allergic cutaneous arteriolitis or necrotizing angiitis.
It is seen in a variety of diseases, including Henoch–
Schönlein purpura, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarteritis
nodosa, and Wegener’s granulomatosis, and other diseases.