Untitled - D Ank Unlimited

islet cell transplantation 420 isoelectric focusing (IEF)
Islet cell autoantibodies
islet cell transplantation
An experimental method aimed at treatment of type I
diabetes mellitus. The technique has been successful in
rats, but less so in humans. It requires sufficient functioning
islets (from a minimum of two cadaveric donors) that have
been purified, cultured, and shown to produce insulin. The
islet cells are administered into the portal vein. The liver
serves as the host organ in the recipient, who is treated with
FK506 or other immunosuppressant drugs.
islets of Langerhans
Groups of endocrine cells within the exocrine pancreas that
consist of α cells that secrete glucagon, β cells that secrete
insulin, and δ cells that secrete somatostatin.
isoagglutinin
An alloantibody present in some individuals of a species;
isoagglutinin is capable of agglutinating cells of other members
of the same species.
isoallergens
Allergenic determinants with similar size, amino acid
composition, peptide fingerprint, and other characteristics.
They are present as a group but each one can individually to
CH 4
RBC
RBC
H L
CH 3
IgM
sensitize a susceptible subject. They are molecular variants
of the same allergen.
isoallotypic determinant (nonmarker)
An antigenic determinant present as an allelic variant on
one immunoglobulin class or subclass heavy chain that
occurs on every molecule of a different immunoglobulin
class or subclass heavy chain.
isoantibody
An antibody specific for an antigen present in other members
of the species in which it occurs; thus, it is an antibody
against an isoantigen. Also called alloantibody.
isoantigen
An antigen found in a member of a species that induces an
immune response if injected into a genetically dissimilar
member of the same species. These antigens carry identical
determinants in a given individual. Isoantigens of two
individuals may or may not have identical determinants.
In the latter case, they are allogeneic with respect to each
other and are called alloantigens. Because the individual
red blood cell antigens have the same molecular structures
and are identical in different individuals, they were in the
past called isoantigens. This is a descriptive term only and
should not be used, because two individuals may be allogeneic
by virtue of the assortment of the antigens present
on their red blood cells. An isoantigen is an antigen of an
isograft.
isoelectric focusing (IEF)
An electrophoretic method to fractionate amphoteric
molecules, especially proteins, according to their distribution
in a pH gradient in an electric field created across the
gradient. Molecular distribution is according to isoelectric
pH values. The anode repels positively charged proteins and
the cathode repels negatively charged proteins. Thus, each
protein migrates in the pH gradient and bands at a position
where the gradient pH is equivalent to the isoelectric pH of
the protein. A chromatographic column is used to prepare a
pH gradient by the electrolysis of amphoteric substances.
J chain
Agglutination of human RBCs by the natural isohemagglutinins in serum (antibodies of IgM class).
CL
RBC
VL
CH 2
CH 1
VH
RBC