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interleukin-6 (IL6) 404 interleukin-6 (IL6)
Cys
50
Cys
73 Cys
83
Cys
44
COOH
α
COOH
Interleukin-5 receptor complex.
D
B
COOH A
Interleukin-6.
γ
NH 2
C
Interleukin-6 crystal structure.
Schematic representation of the IL-6 receptor.
media smooth muscle cells. It is a significant mediator of
fever and of the acute phase response. It leads to elevation
of body temperature. Pathogen-associated molecular
patterns (PAMPs) activate IL6 secretion by macrophages.
PAMPs interact with Toll-like receptors of the innate
immune system. This leads to intracellular signaling that
results in inflammatory cytokine synthesis. It is secreted in
response to IL1 or tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Its main
actions are on hepatocytes and B cells. Although it acts on
many types of cells, a significant function is its ability to
cause B lymphocytes to differentiate into cells that synthesize
antibodies. IL6 induces hepatocytes to form acute
phase proteins that include fibrinogen. It is the main growth
factor for activated B lymphocytes late in B cell differentiation.
IL6 is a growth factor for plasmacytoma cells that