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interdigitating dendritic cell 396 interferon γ (IFN-γ)
the intercrine α subfamily, which is composed of huPF-4,
hubetaTG, huIL-8, ch9E3, huGRO, huIP-10, and muMIP-2.
The cysteines are significant for tertiary structure and for
intercrine binding to receptors.
interdigitating dendritic cell
An antigen-presenting dendritic cell, different from the
follicular dendritic cell, that is major histocompatibility
complex (MHC) class II-positive and Fc receptor-negative
and is located in lymph node and spleen T cell regions.
interdigitating reticular cells
Refer to dendritic cells.
interfacial test
Refer to ring test.
IFNαBR
COOH
IFNα/βR
COOH
Three-dimensional crystal structure of recombinant murine interferon α.
Overall similarity of basic polypeptide chain folding exists among all the
interferon α and β molecules from various sources.
interferon (IFN-)
It includes at least 13 immunomodulatory, 189-amino acidresidue
glycoproteins synthesized by macrophages and B
cells that are able to prevent the replication of viruses, are
antiproliferative, and are pyrogenic, inducing fever. IFN-α
stimulates natural killer (NK) cells and induces expression
of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I
antigens. It also has an immunoregulatory effect through
alteration of antibody responsiveness. The 14 genes that
encode IFN-α are positioned on the short arm of chromosome
9 in humans. Polyribonucleotides, as well as RNA or
DNA viruses, may induce IFN-α secretion. Recombinant
IFN-α has been prepared and used in the treatment of hairy
cell leukemia, Kaposi’s sarcoma, chronic myeloid leukemia,
human papilloma virus (HPV)-related lesions, renal cell
carcinoma, chronic hepatitis, and selected other conditions.
Patients may experience severe flu-like symptoms as long as
the drug is administered. They also have malaise, headache,
depression, and supraventricular tachycardia and may
possibly develop congestive heart failure. Bone marrow
suppression has been reported in some patients.
interferon -2a, recombinant (injection)
An antitumor and antiviral immunomodulator whose mechanism
of action is not clearly understood but is believed to be
antiproliferative against tumor cells and inhibit virus replication.
Its biological activities are species-restricted. In vivo, it
inhibits the growth of several human tumors grown in immunocompromised
(nude) mice. Serum neutralizing activity has
been detected in 25% of all patients receiving the drug.
interferon -2b recombinant (injection)
Interferons are naturally occurring small proteins and
glycoproteins, with molecular weights of 15,000 to 27,600
daltons, synthesized and secreted by cells following a viral
infection or in response to synthetic or biological inducers.
They produce their effect on cells by binding to specific
membrane receptors on cell surfaces where they initiate
a complex sequence of intracellular events including the
induction of certain enzymes, suppression of cell proliferation,
immunomodulatory activities such as enhancement of
the phagocytic activities of macrophages and augmentation
of specific cytotoxicity of lymphocytes for target cells, and
inhibition of virus replication in virus-infected cells.
interferon -n3 (injection)
Binds to the same specific membrane cell surface receptor
as interferon α-2b. These receptors are very specific for the
binding of human but not mouse interferon, reflecting high
species specificity. The binding of interferon to membrane
cell surface receptors activates induction of protein synthesis
among other effects. This is followed by various cellular
responses, including inhibition of virus replication and suppression
of cell proliferation. Immunomodulation, including
enhanced macrophage phagocytosis, augmentation of lymphocyte
cytotoxicity, and enhancement of human leukocyte
antigen expression results from exposure to interferon.
interferon (IFN-)
An antiviral, 20-kDa protein comprised of 187-amino acid
residues. It is produced by fibroblasts and prevents replication
of viruses. It has 30% amino acid sequence homology
with interferon α. RNA or DNA viruses or polyribonucleotides
can induce its secretion. The gene encoding it is
located on chromosome 9 in humans.
interferon -1a
Interferon β-1a is a 166-amino acid glycoprotein synthesized
by mammalian cells into which the human interferon
β gene has been introduced. Its amino sequence is
identical to that of natural human interferon β. Interferon
β-1b is a purified protein that has 165 amino acids but
does not include the carbohydrate side chains present
in the natural material. Interferon β is synthesized by
fibroblasts,macrophages, and various other cell types. It
has antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunoregulatory
properties. Binding to its receptor activates a sequence
of intracellular events that leads to expression of multiple
interferon-induced gene products and markers.
interferon (IFN-)
A glycoprotein that is a 21- to 24-kDa homodimer synthesized
by activated CD4 Th1 cells, CD8 T cells, and NK
cells, causing it to be classified as a lymphokine. IFN-γ has
antiproliferative and antiviral properties. It is a powerful
activator of mononuclear phagocytes, increasing their ability
to destroy intracellular microorganisms and tumor cells. It
causes many types of cells to express major histocompatibility
complex (MHC) class II molecules and can also increase
expression of class I. It facilitates differentiation of both B
and T lymphocytes. IFN-γ is a powerful activator of NK cells
and also activates neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells.