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HCC-1 313 heavy chain diseases
In transgenic mouse-induced hepatomas, it may promote
development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
HCC-1
A β chemokine (CC family) isolated from the hemofiltrates
of chronic renal failure patients. HCC-1 has 46% sequence
identity with MIP-1α and MIP-1β, and 29 to 37% with the
remaining human β chemokines. In contrast to other β
chemokines, HCC-1 is expressed constitutively in normal
spleen, liver, skeletal and heart muscle, gut, and bone marrow.
It reaches significant concentrations (1 to 80 nM) in plasma. It
is expressed by monocytes and hematopoietic progenitor cells.
hCG (human choriogonadotrophic hormone)
A glycoprotein comprised of lactose and hexosamine that
is synthesized by syncytiotrophoblast, fetal kidney, and
liver-selected tumors. It may be measured by radioimmunoassay
or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
It is elevated in patients with various types of tumors, such
as carcinoma of the liver, stomach, breast, pancreas, lungs,
kidneys, and renal cortex, and conditions such as lymphoma,
leukemia, melanoma, and seminoma.
HCT
Abbreviation for hematopoietic cell transplant.
HD 50
An uncommon designation for CH 50, the hemolytic complement
activity of a serum sample.
HDN
Hemolytic disease of the newborn.
heaf test
A type of tuberculin test in which an automatic multiple
puncture device with six needles is used to administer the
test material by intradermal inoculation. The multiple needles
advance 2 to 3 mm into the skin. Also called Tine test.
heart–lung transplantation
A procedure that has proven effective for the treatment
of primary respiratory disease with dysfunction of gas
exchange and alveolar mechanics, together with a secondary
elevation in pulmonary vascular resistance, and in
primary high-resistance circulatory disorder associated
with pulmonary vascular disease.
heat-aggregated protein antigen
Partial denaturation of a protein antigen by mild heating.
This diminishes the protein’s solubility, but causes it to
express new epitopes. An example is the greater reactivity
of rheumatoid factor (e.g., IgM anti-IgG autoantibody) with
heat-aggregated γ globulin than with unheated γ globulin.
heat inactivation
Loss of biological activity through heating. Heating a serum
sample at 56°C in a water bath for 30 minutes destroys complement
activity through inactivation of C1, C2, and factor B. By
diminishing the heat to 52°C for 30 minutes, only factor B is
destroyed, whereas C1 and C2 remain intact. This inactivates
the alternative complement pathway but not the classical
pathway. Immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA are resistant
to incubation in a 56°C water bath for 30 minutes, whereas IgE
antibodies are destroyed by this temperature.
heat-labile antibody
An antigen-specific immunoglobulin that loses its ability to
interact with antigen following exposure to heating at 56°C
for 30 minutes.
heat shock protein antibodies
Antibodies of the immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA
classes specific for a 73-kDa chaperonin that belongs to the
hsp70 family present in the sera of approximately 40% of
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and in 10 to
20% of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. Antibodies
specific for the 65-kDa heat shock protein derived from
mycobacteria show specificity for rheumatoid synovium.
RA synovial fluid T cells specific for a 65-kDa mycobacterial
heat shock protein have been reported to be inversely
proportional to the disease duration.
heat shock proteins (HSPs)
A restricted number of highly conserved cellular proteins
that increase during metabolic stress such as exposure to
heat, inflammation, or tumor transformation. Inside cells,
HSPs escort peptides from the proteasome to TAP in the
course of endogenous antigen processing. Stressed cells
may release HSPs as “danger signals” linking Toll-like
receptors. They may facilitate exogenous antigen processing
and cross presentation. Heat shock proteins affect
assembly into protein complexes, proper protein folding,
protein uptake into cellular organelles, and protein sorting.
The main group of HSPs are 70-kDa proteins. Heat
shock (stress) proteins are expressed by many pathogens
and are classified into four families based on molecular
size: HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, and small HSP (