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Ghon complex 294 globulin
Richard K. Gershon.
formation by B cells or downregulate the ability of
T lymphocytes to mount a cellular immune response. The
inability to confirm the presence of receptor molecules on
their surfaces has cast a cloud over the suppressor cell, but
functional suppressor cell effects are indisputable.
Ghon complex
The combination of a pleural surface-healed granuloma
or scar on the middle lobe of the lung, together with hilar
lymph node granulomas. The Ghon complex signifies
healed primary tuberculosis.
giant cell arteritis
Inflammation of the temporal artery in middle-aged
subjects; it may become systemic arteritis in 10 to 15%
of affected subjects. Blindness may occur eventually in
some of them. Nodular swelling of the entire artery wall
is present. Neutrophils, mononuclear cells, and eosinophils
may infiltrate the wall with production of giant cell
granulomas.
glatiramer acetate (injection)
An immunosuppressive agent, whose mechanism of action
in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is not fully understood. It
is believed to act by modifying immune processes responsible
for the pathogenesis of MS. This belief is based on
studies of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE),
frequently used as an experimental animal model of MS.
Studies suggest that the agent induces glatiramer acetatespecific
suppressor T cells and activates them in the periphery.
Its ability to also alter naturally occurring immune
responses remains undetermined.
gld gene
Murine mutant gene on chromosome 1. When homozygous,
the gld gene produces progressive lymphadenopathy and
lupus-like immunopathology.
gld mouse
A natural mouse mutant expressing the FasL mutation
develops an autoimmune disease that resembles human SLE
and ALPS.
Gleevec
Imatinib mesylate, a drug that inhibits the activity of
selected kinases that include the chimeric Bcr-Abl kinase in
chronic myelogenous leukemia.
gliadin autoantibodies
Autoantibodies used to screen persons at risk for developing
celiac disease (CD) and other gluten-sensitive
enteropathies including dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and
to monitor patient adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD).
Gliadins constitute a type of protein present in the glutens
of wheat and rye grains. In genetically susceptible subjects,
α-gliadins activate CD, a gastrointestinal disorder
in which jejunal mucosa is flattened. Immunoglobulin G
(IgG) antigliadin antibodies (AGAs) are more sensitive
(~100%) than IgA AGA (~50%), and IgA AGAs are more
specific (~95%) than IgG AGAs (~60%). Both isotypes of
the autoantibodies increase significantly during a challenge
with gluten. Perhaps even months prior to clinical relapse,
CD is 10 times more frequent in subjects with selective IgA
deficiency. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is the method of
choice to detect AGAs in CD.
Glial fibrillary acidic protein⎯brain.
glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)
An intermediate filament protein constituent of astrocytes
that is also abundant in glial cell tumors. The immunoperoxidase
technique employing monoclonal antibodies against
the GFAP is used in surgical pathologic diagnosis to identify
tumors based on their histogenetic origin.
Glick, Bruce
Demonstrated the role of the bursa of Fabricius in the production
of antibodies and the division of labor in lymphocyte
populations.
globulin
Serum proteins composed of α, β, and γ globulins and
classified on the basis of their electrophoretic mobility. All
three globulin fractions demonstrate less anodic mobility
than albumin. α Globulins have the greatest negative
charge, whereas γ globulins have the least. Originally,
globulins were characterized based on their insolubility
in water (i.e., euglobulins) or sparing solubility in water