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FasL/Fas cytotoxicity 266 Fc fragment (fragment crystallizable)
Fas Is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily
and contains a cytoplasmic death domain (DD) required for Induction
of apoptosis. Fas ligand (FasL)-Induced receptor trimerization aggregates
the DD of Fas and recruites the adaptor protein FADD and procaspase 8.
Following activation of caspase 8, the DD-Induced complex can trigger
subsequent events of apoptosis.
FasL/Fas cytotoxicity
A cytotoxic sequence that commences with crosslinking of
target cell Fas by FasL on the effector cell. This does not
require macromolecular synthesis or extracellular calcium.
FasL crosslinks Fas triggering signals that lead to a target
cell apoptotic response. Fas crosslinking leads to activation
of intracellular caspases.
FasL/Fas toxicity
Cytotoxic sequence that commences with crosslinking of
target cell Fas by FasL on the effector cell. This does not
require macromolecular synthesis or extracellular calcium.
FasL crosslinks Fas triggering signals that lead to a target
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Subtilisin
digestion
Formation of Fb fragments by digestion of IgG molecules with subtilisin.
cell apoptotic response. Fas crosslinking leads to activation
of intracellular caspases.
fatty acids and immunity
Dietary lipids exert significant effects on antigen-specific
and -nonspecific immunity. These effects are related to
total and fat-derived energy intake, synthesis of multiple
eicosanoids, and alterations in cell membrane content.
Eicosanoids are biologic mediators with multiple effects on
immune cells. Their oversynthesis contributes to the development
of chronic and acute inflammatory, autoimmune,
atherosclerotic, and neoplastic diseases. Feeding a fish oil
(n3 PUFA) diet leads to recovery of splenic T cell blastogenesis,
diminished secretion of PGE 2 by splenic cells, and
diminished splenic suppressor activity. PUFA–immune
system interactions are guided by the rate at which they
are converted to eicosanoids. Dietary n3 PUFAs diminish
autoimmune, inflammatory, and atherosclerotic disease
severity by diminishing the synthesis of n6 PUFA-derived
eicosanoids and cytokines. The increased eicosanoids found
in shock and trauma can induce immunosuppression in
humans. Supplementation of the diet with n3 PUFA may
protect from immunosuppression following trauma. Dietary
fish oil supplements also improve joint tenderness in rheumatoid
arthritis patients. Dietary supplements of n3 PUFAs
such as linoleic acid or fish oil significantly inhibit the
mixed lymphocyte reaction, which reflects graft survival.
Linoleic acid is the only fatty acid needed to facilitate proliferation
maturation of immunoglobulin-secreting cells. n3
PUFAs may suppress B cell function by displacing linoleic
acid and arachidonic acid. Cell membrane lipids play a critical
role in both primary and secondary immune responses
against an immunogenic challenge or to an infection.
Fb fragment
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) fragment that is the product of
subtilisin digestion. It is composed of the C H1 and C L (constant)
domains of the Fab fragment.
FcR
The two FcαR molecules are designated FcαR (CD89) and
FcαRb. FcαR represents the high affinity receptor for IgA
and is comprised of an α chain that binds IgA and FcRγ
chain dimer. It is expressed in five splice variants found
on eosinophils, monocytes, and alveolar macrophages.
Neutrophils employ the FcαR molecule in ADCC. FcαRb
possesses sequences that aid secretion but do not possess the
transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains found in FcαR.
Fc fragment (fragment crystallizable)
A product of papain digestion of an immunoglobulin G
(IgG) molecule. Also called Fc region or Fc piece. It is
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Fb
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Fb