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erythroblastosis fetalis 255 estrogen/progesterone receptor protein
Erythema multiforme. Immunocytes in dermis.
Neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes infiltrate the
subcutaneous fat.
erythroblastosis fetalis
A human fetal disease induced by immunoglobulin G (IgG)
antibodies passed across the placenta from mother to fetus
that are specific for fetal red blood cells, leading to their
destruction. Although not often a serious problem until
the third pregnancy, the escape of fetal red blood cells into
the maternal circulation, especially at the time of parturition,
produces a booster response in the mother of the IgG
antibody that produces an even more severe reaction in
the second and third fetus. The basis for this reaction is an
isoantigen such as RhD antigen not present in the mother
but present in the fetal red cells and inherited from the
father. Clinical consequences of this maternal–fetal blood
group incompatibility include anemia, jaundice, kernicterus,
hydrops fetalis, and even stillbirth. Preventive therapy
now includes administration of anti-D antiserum (RhIG)
within 72 hours following parturition. This antibody combines
with the fetal red cells dumped into the mother’s circulation
at parturition and dampens production of a booster
response. This is an antibody-mediated type II hypersensitivity
reaction. May also be called Rh disease.
erythrocyte
Red blood cell.
erythrocyte agglutination test
Refer to hemagglutination test.
erythrocyte autoantibodies
Autoantibodies against erythrocytes. They are of significance
in the autoimmune form of hemolytic anemia and
are usually classified into cold and warm varieties by the
thermal range of their activity.
erythroid progenitor
An immature cell that leads to the production of erythrocytes
and megakaryocytes, but no other blood cell types.
erythropoiesis
The formation of erythrocytes or red blood cells.
erythropoietin
A 46-kDa glycoprotein produced by the kidney, more
specifically by cells adjacent to the proximal renal tubules,
based on the presence of oxygen-sensitive substances such
as heme in the kidneys. It stimulates red blood cell production
by combining with erythroid precursor receptors to
promote mature red cell development. Erythropoietin formation
is increased by hypoxia. It is useful in the treatment
of various types of anemia.
Escherichia coli immunity
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies are formed
against O, H, and K antigens of E. coli of the diarrhea-producing
strains in infants. Secretory IgA specific for E. coli
diminishes the adherence of diarrhea-producing E. coli
in the intestines of infants. Secretory IgA in breast milk
also offers significant protection of infants through passive
immunity. Secretory IgA may be specific for LT enterotoxins
and for colonization factor antigens.
essential mixed cryoglobulinemia
A condition that is identified by purpura (skin hemorrhages),
joint pains, impaired circulation in the extremities
on exposure to cold (Raynaud’s phenomenon), and glomerulonephritis.
Renal failure may result. Polyclonal immunoglobulin
G (IgG), IgM, and complement are detectable as
granular deposits in the glomerular basement membranes.
The cryoprecipitates containing IgG and IgM may also
contain hepatitis B antigen, as this condition is frequently a
sequela of hepatitis B.
estradiol
In diagnostic immunology, a marker identifiable in
breast carcinoma tissue by monoclonal antibody and the
immunoperoxidase technique that correlates, to a limited
degree, with estrogen receptor activity in cytosols from the
same preparation.
Estrogen receptor⎯carcinoma of the breast.
estrogen/progesterone receptor protein
Monoclonal antibodies against estrogen receptor protein
and progesterone receptor protein permit identification of
tumor cells by their preferential immunoperoxidase staining
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