Untitled - D Ank Unlimited

EIA 244 Elek plate
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Ehrlich’s side chain theory of antibody formation.
EIA
(1) Acronym for exercise-induced anaphylaxis. (2) Acronym
for enzyme immunoassay.
eicosanoid
An arachidonic acid-derived 20-carbon cyclic fatty acid produced
from membrane phospholipids. Eicosanoids and other
arachidonic acid metabolites are elevated during shock and
following injury and are site specific. They produce various
effects including bronchodilation, bronchoconstriction, vasoconstriction,
and vasodilation. Eicosanoids include leukotrienes,
prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and prostacyclin.
Eisen, Herman Nathaniel (1918–)
American physician whose research contributions range
from equilibrium dialysis (with Karush) to the mechanism
of contact dermatitis.
ELAM-1 (endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1)
A glycoprotein of the endothelium that facilitates adhesion of
neutrophils. Structurally, it has an epidermal growth factorlike
domain, a lectin-like domain, amino acid sequence
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Schematic diagram of eicosanoids.
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homology with complement-regulating proteins, and six
tandem-repeated motifs. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF),
interleukin-1 (IL1), and substance P induce its synthesis. Its
immunoregulatory activities include attraction of neutrophils
to inflammatory sites and mediating cell adhesion by sialyl–
Lewis X, a carbohydrate ligand. It acts as an adhesion molecule
or addressin for T lymphocytes that home to the skin.
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Antigen
Electroimmunodiffusion.
Antibody
electroimmunodiffusion
A double-diffusion in-gel method in which antigen and
antibody are forced toward one another in an electrical
field. Precipitation occurs at the site of their interaction.
Refer to Laurell rocket test and rocket immunoelectrophoresis.
Also called counter immunoelectrophoresis.
electrophoresis
A method for separating a mixture of proteins based on
their different rates of migration in an electrical field. Zone
electrophoresis represents a technical improvement in which a
stabilizing medium such as cellulose acetate serves as a matrix
for buffer and as a structure to which proteins can remain
attached following fixation. By this technique, plasma proteins
are resolved into five or six major peaks. Zone electrophoresis
permits a gross evaluation of the levels of immunoglobulins
and other proteins in the serum. In cases of increased levels,
electrophoresis indicates whether this involves a general
proliferation and hypersecretion by lymphocytes derived from
multiple individual cells (polyclonal origin, proteins are heterogeneous)
or proliferation and hypersecretion by lymphoid cells
derived from a limited number of individual cells (monoclonal
origin, proteins are homogeneous).
electrophoretic mobility
The electrophoretic velocity, v, of a charged particle
expressed per unit field strength; hence, u = v/E, where E is
the field strength. The value of u is positive if the particle
moves toward the pole of lower potential and negative in the
opposite case. The electrophoretic mobility depends only on
molecular parameters.
electroporation
A technique to insert molecules into cells through use
of brief high-voltage electric pulses. It can be used to
insert DNA into animal cells. The electrical discharge
produces tiny (nanometers in diameter) pores in the
plasma membrane. These pores admit supercoiled or
linear DNA.
electrostatic bond
A union attributable to the attraction between charged
residues manifesting opposite polarities.
Elek plate
A method to show toxin production by Corynebacterium diphtheriae
colonies growing on an agar plate. Diphtheria antitoxin
impregnated into a strip of filter paper is placed at a right angle
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