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combination vaccine 185 common lymphoid progenitors
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
viruses that are resistant to one of the drugs in the therapeutic
mixture.
combination vaccine
Immunizing preparation that contains immunogens (antigens)
from more than one pathogenic microorganism. These
vaccines induce protection against more than one disease.
combinatorial diversity
The numerous combinations of variable, diverse, and joining
segments that are possible as a consequence of somatic
recombination of DNA in the immunoglobulin and TCR loci
during B cell or T cell development. It serves as a mechanism
for generating large numbers of different antigen receptor
genes from a limited number of DNA gene segments.
combinatorial joining
A mechanism for one exon to unite alternatively with several
other gene regions, increasing the diversity of products
encoded by the gene.
combined immunodeficiency
A genetically determined or primary immunodeficiency
that may affect T cell-mediated immunity and B cell
(humoral antibody)-mediated immunity. The term is usually
reserved for immunodeficiencies that are less profound than
severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Combined
immunodeficiency may occur in both children and adults.
combined prophylactic
Refer to mixed vaccine.
combining site
Refer to antigen-binding site.
commensal mice
Mice that associate closely with humans.
common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen
(CALLA/CD10) antibody
A useful marker for the characterization of childhood leukemia
and B cell lymphomas. This antibody reacts with antigen
of lymphoblastic, Burkitt’s, and follicular lymphomas and
chronic myelocytic leukemias. Also, anti-CD10 detects the
antigen of glomerular epithelial cells and the brush border
of the proximal tubules; this characteristic may be helpful
in interpreting renal ontogenesis in conjunction with other
markers. Other nonlymphoid cells that are reactive with
anti-CD10 are breast myoepithelial cells, bile canaliculi, neutrophils,
and small populations of bone marrow cells, fetal
small intestine epithelium, and normal fibroblasts.
common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen (CALLA)
A 100-kDa surface membrane glycoprotein present on
human leukemia cells and, to a lesser degree, on other cells,
including granulocytes and kidney cells. It is a zinc metalloproteinase
and is classified as CD10/neutral endopeptidase
24.11. Four fifths of non-T cell leukemias express CALLA.
Under physiologic conditions, 1% of cells in the bone marrow
express CALLA. Its presence is revealed by monoclonal
antibodies and flow cytometry using bone marrow or other
cells. Bone marrow to be used for autologous transplants may
be purged of CALLA-positive lymphocytic leukemia cells by
using anti-CALLA monoclonal antibodies and complement.
It is a pre-B lymphoblast marker that is the most frequent
type of cell in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).
The presence of Ia antigen with CALLA portends a favorable
prognosis. CALLA may also be positive in Burkitt’s
lymphomas, B cell lymphomas, and 40% of T cell lymphoblastic
lymphomas. All blasts are usually positive, not only
for CALLA and the Ia antigen, but also for TdT.
Common γ chain.
common chain (c chain)
An ITAM-containing signal transduction protein that acts as
a subunit in IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21 receptors.
common leukocyte antigen (LCA) (CD45)
An antigen shared in common by both T and B lymphocytes
and expressed to a lesser degree by histiocytes and plasma
cells. By immunoperoxidase staining, it can be demonstrated
in sections of paraffin-embedded tissues containing these cell
types. Thus, it is a valuable marker to distinguish lymphoreticular
neoplasms from carcinomas and sarcomas.
common lymphoid progenitors
Hematopoietic stem cells from which all lymphocytes are
derived. Pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells give rise to
these progenitors.
C