Political Parties in Africa: Challenges for Sustained Multiparty

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0 Chapter 4 African Party and Electoral Systems
Chapter 4 4. African Party and Electoral Systems 4.1 Introduction African political parties originated in the non-democratic setting of colonial rule which was neither democratic nor legitimate. The post-Second World War colonial state could best be described as a reformed state that sought to include Africans in the administration of the colonies. Knowing that Africans’ agitation for independence was inevitable, the colonial powers developed this understanding into an opportunity to introduce Africans to Western political institutions, including allowing Africans under strict political surveillance to establish political parties to oversee the development of a legislature. In the urge to leave behind political institutions similar to their own, the departing colonial governments decided ‘to export to Africa their peculiar version of parliamentary government, with several parties and recognised opposition’ (Mohamed Salih 2006: 141). In some countries, it took the political elite less than a decade to move from establishing political parties to contesting elections and assuming the role of governing their countries. In practice, due to the speed of political development, numerous ethnically-based parties emerged in opposition to other ethnic parties. Once these political parties were established, they began to assume the structures and functions of Westernstyle political parties. After the attainment of independence and the waning of the ‘decolonization nationalism’, the political elite abandoned the goal of national unity, the very goal that gave birth to their political ambitions, and fell back on subnationalist politics. In some countries (Sudan, Nigeria, Congo, Angola, Mozambique and Uganda, among others), sub-nationalism flared up in civil wars and second liberation movements—for liberation from what some marginalized and minority ethnicity political elite conceived as a form of internal colonialism imposed by the ‘ruling ethnicity’.
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6.1 New parties—old theories? 0 P
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6.3.1 The proscription model 0 Poli
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12 13 6.3.5 The prescription model
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No. Country Year of introduction 1
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Country Enforcement authority Benin
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Chapter 7 Conclusions and Recommend
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Acronyms and Abbreviations ACE Admi
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References and Select Bibliography
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Kadima, Denis, (ed.), The Politics
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—‘Building Political Parties: R
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About the Authors Per Nordlund is a
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Political Parties in Africa: Challenges for Sustained Multiparty

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