Political Parties in Africa: Challenges for Sustained Multiparty
Political Parties in Africa: Challenges for Sustained Multiparty
Political Parties in Africa: Challenges for Sustained Multiparty
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Acronyms and Abbreviations<br />
ACE Adm<strong>in</strong>istration and Cost of Elections (project)<br />
AEC <strong>Africa</strong>n Economic Community<br />
ANC <strong>Africa</strong>n National Congress (South <strong>Africa</strong>)<br />
AU <strong>Africa</strong>n Union<br />
DP Democratic Party (Kenya)<br />
DUA/ADG Democrat Union of <strong>Africa</strong>/<strong>Africa</strong>n Dialogue Group<br />
EAC East <strong>Africa</strong>n Community<br />
EALA East <strong>Africa</strong>n Legislative Assembly<br />
ECOWAS Economic Community of West <strong>Africa</strong>n States<br />
ECOWAS-PC Economic Community of West <strong>Africa</strong>n States Community<br />
Parliament<br />
EISA Electoral Institute <strong>for</strong> Southern <strong>Africa</strong> (<strong>for</strong>mer)<br />
EMB Electoral management body<br />
EPLF Eritrean People’s Liberation Front<br />
EPRDF Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Forces<br />
EU European Union<br />
FPTP First Past The Post<br />
Frelimo Frente de Libertação de Moçambique<br />
(Front <strong>for</strong> the Liberation of Mozambique)<br />
GDI Gender-related Human Development Index<br />
GEM Gender Empowerment Measure<br />
HIV/AIDS Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired<br />
immunodeficiency syndrome<br />
IDEA (International) Institute <strong>for</strong> Democracy and Electoral Assistance<br />
IDU International Democrat Union<br />
IFI International f<strong>in</strong>ancial <strong>in</strong>stitution<br />
IMF International Monetary Fund<br />
KANU Kenya <strong>Africa</strong>n National Union<br />
MCP Malawi Congress Party<br />
MMP Mixed Member Proportional (electoral system)<br />
MNSD National Movement <strong>for</strong> Society and Development (Niger)<br />
MP Member of parliament<br />
MPLA Movimento Popular de Liberaço de Angola<br />
(Popular Movement <strong>for</strong> the Liberation of Angola)<br />
MSM Militant Socialist Movement (Mauritius)<br />
NARC National Ra<strong>in</strong>bow Coalition (Kenya)<br />
NDC National Democratic Congress (Ghana)<br />
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