Creationism - National Center for Science Education
Creationism - National Center for Science Education Creationism - National Center for Science Education
law, both scientific and political. Hunt and other pre-mills, they say, are preaching that we must passively await for Armageddon and for Christ to straighten things out for us. Reconstructionist authors DeMar and Leithart have struck back at Hunt with The Reduction of Christianity: Dave Hunt’s Theology of Cultural Surrender (1987). While many pre- and post-mills openly denounce each other’s eschatologies, many other conservative and evangelical Christians mix these doctrines, or seem to ignore their implications, thus confusing the issue (and illustrating the fundamentalist capacity for tolerating certain inconsistencies and paradoxes). Jerry Falwell asserts that he is a straight pre-tribulationist premillennialist, but tolerates considerable post-mill influence (for instance, he has endorsed Reconstructionist Gary North’s Biblical Blueprint Series, and the chairman of the government department at his Liberty University is a Reconstructionist sympathizer). Pat Robertson, as Cumbey points out, is strongly influenced by the Reconstructionists also, though he too claims not to have forsaken premillennialism. Reconstructionist leaders Rushdoony and North have been frequent and prominent guests on his 700 Club. Herb Titus, dean of the Schools of Law and Public Policy at Robertson’s CBN University, though he is now a pre-millennialist, has endorsed much of the Reconstructionist program. Joseph Kickasola, a CBN professor of Public Policy, is an avowed Reconstructionist. Confusing the issue further is the paradoxical status of Pentecostalists, who are often accused by strict “Bible only” fundamentalists of succumbing to demonic powers. Jimmy Swaggart strongly endorses dispensationalist premillennialism, and he champions Dave Hunt’s (also Dave Wilkerson’s) crusade against the post-mills. But many other Pentecostalists have become “operationally” post-mill while professing to retain dispensational belief. Many charismatics (Robertson being a good example) support the Reconstructionist agenda. The significance of this with regard to creationism is that the Reconstructionists accuse pre-mills of being soft and largely ineffective opponents of evolution: a corollary of the general accusation of passivity and fatalism. In God’s Plan for Victory: The Meaning of Post-Millennialism (1980), Rousas Rushdoony, the leading figure of modern post-millennialism and chief theoretician of the Reconstructionist movement, says that pre-mills tend to succumb to accommodationist views with respect to evolution. Morris, in his view, has been a strong and effective opponent of evolution in spite of his premillennialism. Recall that it was Rushdoony who persuaded Craig’s Presbyterian and Reformed press to publish Whitcomb and Morris’s Genesis Flood in 1961, when other fundamentalist publishers considered it too radically uncompromising in its insistence on young-earth creationism and Flood Geology. Reconstructionists, with their emphasis on total reconstruction of society on a strictly biblical basis, consider creationism of utmost importance. Rushdoony’s book The Mythology of Science (1967; Craig Press) is mostly concerned with the fallacy of evolution; it contains a chapter titled “The Necessity for Creationism” (reprinted in the Creation Social Science and Humanities Quarterly [1980], as a BSA pamphlet, and elsewhere). Citing Van Til, Rushdoony writes: Men will either presuppose God, or they will presuppose themselves as the basic reality of being. If they assume themselves to be autonomous and independent from God, they will-then wage war against God at every point. There is no such thing as an area of neutrality: men will either affirm God at every point in their lives and thinking, or else they will deny Him at every point. [1967:47]
The basis of evolutionary theories is this anti-God position of apostate and fallen man. The convincing thing about evolution is not that it proves man’s origins or even gives anything resembling a possible theory but that it dispenses with God. Evolution requires chance, whereas science rests on absolutely determined factors and on causality. The doctrine of evolution is thus basically hostile to science. Again, evolution is a theory which is radically hostile to biblical religion. The Bible clearly asserts that God created heaven and earth, the whole created universe, in six days. If this statement be allegorized or interpreted away, no meaning stands in Scripture. ... Every doctrine of Scripture is undermined when strict creationism is undermined. Wherever strict creationism is set aside, the vital nerve of Christianity is cut, and the Church begins to move in terms of humanistic and political power rather than the power of God. [1967:48-49] Evolutionists seek “total control over man”: it is an “inescapable fact that evolutionary thinking requires totalitarianism. If the education of a people is dedicated to teaching evolution, it will also teach socialism or communism” (1967:52). (Actually, Rushdoony believes that all education, all government, is necessarily indoctrination and necessarily totalitarian; this the theme of Rushdoony’s 1963 The Messianic Character of American Education. The question is only whether it is to be totalitarian rule according to God’s absolute and unchanging law, which is really freedom, or—the only lternative— totalitarianism based on evolutionist indoctrination.) Evolutionists, says Rushdoony, are “parasites”: They are living off the unearned capital of Christian civilization, on the impetus, law, and order of centuries of Christianity. Like all parasites, they are destroying the host body, Christendom, and its collapse will be their death also. They are denying the eternal decree of God, His sovereign and omnipotent creative counsel and decree, and as a result they are left with a world of chaos which is destructive of science. If they were faithful to their philosophy, these scientists could have no science, because they would have to say that the world is a world of brute factuality, without meaning, purpose, causality, or law. [1967:57] The only way to prevent this devasting collapse of civilization is to return to biblical Christianity and to strict creationism. The very first issue (1974) of the Journal of Christian Reconstruction, a publication of Rushdoony’s Chalcedon Foundation in Vallecito, California, was devoted to defense of a literal recent six-day creation. 45 The Journal is “dedicated to the fulfilment of the cultural mandate of Genesis 1:28 and 9:1—to subdue the earth to the glory of God.” Charles Clough, one contributor, says in his article “Biblical Presuppositions and Historical Geology: A Case Study”: The issue is this: does Genesis present a view of early history that cannot be reconciled with the view of modern historical science, and, if it does, should Christians loyally remain with Genesis and begin the long arduous task of reconstructing historical science today? [1974:35] Clough emphatically answers his own rhetorical questions: Genesis interpreted literally does indeed conflict with modern science; attempted harmonizations inevitably 45 Not all contributors endorse Reconstructionism, however. Steven Austin, writing under the name “Stuart Nevins,” later became a geology professor at ICR, which is officially pre-millennialist. Cornelius Van Til himself, though his presuppositional apologetics is a key Reconstructionist doctrine, does not subscribe to the Reconstructionist agenda. Robbins, incidentally (he is not a contributor to this volume), though a strong presuppositionalist, dissociates himself from the Reconstructionist movement.
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The basis of evolutionary theories is this anti-God position of apostate and fallen man. The convincing<br />
thing about evolution is not that it proves man’s origins or even gives anything resembling a possible<br />
theory but that it dispenses with God.<br />
Evolution requires chance, whereas science rests on absolutely determined factors and on causality. The<br />
doctrine of evolution is thus basically hostile to science.<br />
Again, evolution is a theory which is radically hostile to biblical religion. The Bible clearly asserts that<br />
God created heaven and earth, the whole created universe, in six days. If this statement be allegorized or<br />
interpreted away, no meaning stands in Scripture. ... Every doctrine of Scripture is undermined when strict<br />
creationism is undermined. Wherever strict creationism is set aside, the vital nerve of Christianity is cut,<br />
and the Church begins to move in terms of humanistic and political power rather than the power of God.<br />
[1967:48-49]<br />
Evolutionists seek “total control over man”: it is an “inescapable fact that evolutionary<br />
thinking requires totalitarianism. If the education of a people is dedicated to teaching<br />
evolution, it will also teach socialism or communism” (1967:52). (Actually, Rushdoony<br />
believes that all education, all government, is necessarily indoctrination and necessarily<br />
totalitarian; this the theme of Rushdoony’s 1963 The Messianic Character of American<br />
<strong>Education</strong>. The question is only whether it is to be totalitarian rule according to God’s<br />
absolute and unchanging law, which is really freedom, or—the only lternative—<br />
totalitarianism based on evolutionist indoctrination.)<br />
Evolutionists, says Rushdoony, are “parasites”:<br />
They are living off the unearned capital of Christian civilization, on the impetus, law, and order of centuries<br />
of Christianity. Like all parasites, they are destroying the host body, Christendom, and its collapse will be<br />
their death also. They are denying the eternal decree of God, His sovereign and omnipotent creative<br />
counsel and decree, and as a result they are left with a world of chaos which is destructive of science. If<br />
they were faithful to their philosophy, these scientists could have no science, because they would have to<br />
say that the world is a world of brute factuality, without meaning, purpose, causality, or law. [1967:57]<br />
The only way to prevent this devasting collapse of civilization is to return to biblical<br />
Christianity and to strict creationism.<br />
The very first issue (1974) of the Journal of Christian Reconstruction, a<br />
publication of Rushdoony’s Chalcedon Foundation in Vallecito, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia, was devoted<br />
to defense of a literal recent six-day creation. 45 The Journal is “dedicated to the<br />
fulfilment of the cultural mandate of Genesis 1:28 and 9:1—to subdue the earth to the<br />
glory of God.” Charles Clough, one contributor, says in his article “Biblical<br />
Presuppositions and Historical Geology: A Case Study”:<br />
The issue is this: does Genesis present a view of early history that cannot be reconciled with the view of<br />
modern historical science, and, if it does, should Christians loyally remain with Genesis and begin the long<br />
arduous task of reconstructing historical science today? [1974:35]<br />
Clough emphatically answers his own rhetorical questions: Genesis interpreted literally<br />
does indeed conflict with modern science; attempted harmonizations inevitably<br />
45 Not all contributors endorse Reconstructionism, however. Steven Austin, writing under the name “Stuart<br />
Nevins,” later became a geology professor at ICR, which is officially pre-millennialist. Cornelius Van Til<br />
himself, though his presuppositional apologetics is a key Reconstructionist doctrine, does not subscribe to<br />
the Reconstructionist agenda. Robbins, incidentally (he is not a contributor to this volume), though a<br />
strong presuppositionalist, dissociates himself from the Reconstructionist movement.