Creationism - National Center for Science Education
Creationism - National Center for Science Education Creationism - National Center for Science Education
importance: the mid-level activists, the local and regional leaders, the part-time promoters and lobbyists of creation-science. Toumey (1987), an anthopologist who studied creationist groups and activity in North Carolina, has convincingly emphasized the importance of these mid-level activists who do so much to promote the spread of creationism. Many of these activists have received training directly from ICR, either at the graduate school itself, or from the ICR summer courses held around the country, or various ICR seminars, workshops, lecture series, and instructional materials. Dave and Mary Jo Nutting are a husband and wife team who run the Alpha Omega Institute of Grand Junction, Colorado. Both Nuttings have masters degrees from the Institute for Creation Research: Dave in geology (1984) and Mary Jo in biology (1983). In 1984, after graduating from ICR, they set up Alpha Omega Institute and began publishing a bimonthly creation-science newsletter, Think & Believe. After temporary employment at Mesa College, the Nuttings devoted themselves to a full-time creationist ministry. They give creation-science seminars and slide presentations at churches, clubs, and at both Christian and public schools. They also run a Science Enrichment Center program consisting of field trips and “hands-on” participation in science learning and research, designed to supplement a Christian science curriculum but also aimed at attracting public school participation as well. They hope to establish a “major science center from a totally Christian perspective” in the near future. Their journal Think & Believe relies very directly on ICR arguments and material, and promotes ICR books. They advocate Bliss’s 1984 Origins; Two Models text and accompanying video for use in public schools. In “Opportunities to Reach Public Education” (1985:1), the Nuttings explain how they present creationism in public schools. They note with pride that they gave 25 creationscience presentations to public school classes in the past year (1986:4). A few years ago I met a USC doctoral candidate in education at ICR. He described his research as examination of factors influencing the attitudes of biology teachers regarding creation/evolution, such as religious background and beliefs, education, etc. After a long conversation with Bliss, he then inquired about making arrangements for ICR lecturers to come to Hawaii to present creation-science (he was stationed at an Air Force base in Hawaii; USC has a program for servicemen stationed overseas). Later there was a report in CEN (Fezer 1986) from an Arkansas archeologist about a questionnaire circulated to Arkansas science teachers by someone of that name about teaching creationism and evolution, which the archeologist noted seemed biased towards creationism. The person circulating the questionnaire did not give any affiliation, nor did he mention his own preference for creationism. The archeologist expressed concern because of the evident bias of the questions, and asked CEN for information. Thomas J. Kindell, another active creationist lecturer, teacher, debater and writer, says he received his creationscience training at Christ for the Nations Institute in Dallas and at the Institute for Creation Research. He has presented creation-science seminars for over a decade. In Oregon, he “succeeded in putting scientific creationism into the curriculum of several public school districts” (Kindell 1985:2); he also claims success in debates against evolutionists on campuses, radio and TV. Kindell was vice-president of Creation Concern in Portland, and was the creation-science specialist for Moral Majority of Oregon. Now living in Pomona, California, he is available free for lectures.
Evolution on Trial (1985), one of several creation-science booklets Kindell has written, has a laudatory Foreword by Duane Gish. Kindell’s presentations are very polished and obviously well-rehearsed (I heard him at a local Bible-science meeting; see McIver 1986c), and, especially to a lay audience, he sounds quite knowledgeable and authoritative. His style is easy-going, entertaining. Kindell’s theme is that evidence for evolution is based either on outright fraud or on biased interpretations caused by commitment to philosophies and religion (evolution being a “religion”). He said that evolutionists prefer to find only fragmentary evidence, since this affords greater reign for their speculations, and that they are extremely gullible in falling for hoaxes and deliberately falsify evidence. ICR is not the only training ground for creationist activists. Jim and Darline Robinson, affiliated with the Bible-Science Association, run the Creation Center of Colorado (not to be confused with the Nuttings’ Alpha Omega) in Arvada. The Robinsons are former editors and writers of the Christian Edition of the BSA’s Children’s Science Readers from 1977 to 1979. Their Colorado creation-science ministry has the blessing and support of Walter Lang and the BSA. The Robinsons promote biblical as well as “scientific” creationism in their Creation Center: that is, their materials are overtly religious, and are intended for use in Christian institutions rather than public schools. The publications denounce the saturation of public schools, museums, and national parks with the “pagan” philosophy of evolution. In 1985 the Robinsons began publishing a bi-monthly Children’s Creation Readers series for three grade levels (1-2, 3-5, 6-8), which include simple exercise and activity sheets. The Robinsons have also written six books, including their coloring-book format Children’s Travel Guide & Activities Book (1981), which presents “the creation view of the Bible as various national parks, monuments, and special places are featured.” Many other creationist proselytizers rely exclusively on materials and arguments from ICR, BSA, and/or CRS. An example is Searching Science and Scripture (n.d.), by W.E. Wright, a missionary in Nigeria. His booklet, aimed at Africans, is very directly, “Based upon writings of H.M. Morris” (in particular, Morris 1971). Wright describes his booklet as Morris’s creation-science “blended with” his own writing. For several years I have attended meetings of two local creation-science groups: the San Fernando Chapter of the Bible-Science Association, and the South Bay Creation- Science Association (also affiliated with BSA). These monthly meetings are open to the public, and generally draw several dozen attendees. Each meeting features a different lecturer. The San Fernando Valley BSA chapter is led by David F. Coppedge, the son of James F. Coppedge, author of Evolution: Possible or Impossible? (1973), a book about “Molecular Biology and the Laws of Chance in Nontechnical Language.” James Coppedge extends the standard creationist probability arguments against chance formation of life, using lots of exceedingly big numbers, and many scientific footnotes. He also cites some personal correspondence with Yale biochemist and biophysicist Harold Morowitz, 34 and acknowledges the assistance of other non-creationist scientists such as Sidney Fox, Linus Pauling, and John Ostrom, plus creationists. Coppedge, who 34 Morowitz testified against creation-science in the Arkansas trial, but describes himself as a “mystic scientist” and a “pantheist,” and an admirer of Teilhard. In a 1987 book he used the anthropic principle to argue that the universe shows evident Design
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importance: the mid-level activists, the local and regional leaders, the part-time<br />
promoters and lobbyists of creation-science. Toumey (1987), an anthopologist who<br />
studied creationist groups and activity in North Carolina, has convincingly emphasized<br />
the importance of these mid-level activists who do so much to promote the spread of<br />
creationism.<br />
Many of these activists have received training directly from ICR, either at the<br />
graduate school itself, or from the ICR summer courses held around the country, or<br />
various ICR seminars, workshops, lecture series, and instructional materials. Dave and<br />
Mary Jo Nutting are a husband and wife team who run the Alpha Omega Institute of<br />
Grand Junction, Colorado. Both Nuttings have masters degrees from the Institute <strong>for</strong><br />
Creation Research: Dave in geology (1984) and Mary Jo in biology (1983). In 1984,<br />
after graduating from ICR, they set up Alpha Omega Institute and began publishing a bimonthly<br />
creation-science newsletter, Think & Believe. After temporary employment at<br />
Mesa College, the Nuttings devoted themselves to a full-time creationist ministry. They<br />
give creation-science seminars and slide presentations at churches, clubs, and at both<br />
Christian and public schools. They also run a <strong>Science</strong> Enrichment <strong>Center</strong> program<br />
consisting of field trips and “hands-on” participation in science learning and research,<br />
designed to supplement a Christian science curriculum but also aimed at attracting public<br />
school participation as well. They hope to establish a “major science center from a<br />
totally Christian perspective” in the near future. Their journal Think & Believe relies<br />
very directly on ICR arguments and material, and promotes ICR books. They advocate<br />
Bliss’s 1984 Origins; Two Models text and accompanying video <strong>for</strong> use in public<br />
schools. In “Opportunities to Reach Public <strong>Education</strong>” (1985:1), the Nuttings explain<br />
how they present creationism in public schools. They note with pride that they gave 25<br />
creationscience presentations to public school classes in the past year (1986:4).<br />
A few years ago I met a USC doctoral candidate in education at ICR. He<br />
described his research as examination of factors influencing the attitudes of biology<br />
teachers regarding creation/evolution, such as religious background and beliefs,<br />
education, etc. After a long conversation with Bliss, he then inquired about making<br />
arrangements <strong>for</strong> ICR lecturers to come to Hawaii to present creation-science (he was<br />
stationed at an Air Force base in Hawaii; USC has a program <strong>for</strong> servicemen stationed<br />
overseas). Later there was a report in CEN (Fezer 1986) from an Arkansas archeologist<br />
about a questionnaire circulated to Arkansas science teachers by someone of that name<br />
about teaching creationism and evolution, which the archeologist noted seemed biased<br />
towards creationism. The person circulating the questionnaire did not give any<br />
affiliation, nor did he mention his own preference <strong>for</strong> creationism. The archeologist<br />
expressed concern because of the evident bias of the questions, and asked CEN <strong>for</strong><br />
in<strong>for</strong>mation.<br />
Thomas J. Kindell, another active creationist lecturer, teacher, debater and writer,<br />
says he received his creationscience training at Christ <strong>for</strong> the Nations Institute in Dallas<br />
and at the Institute <strong>for</strong> Creation Research. He has presented creation-science seminars <strong>for</strong><br />
over a decade. In Oregon, he “succeeded in putting scientific creationism into the<br />
curriculum of several public school districts” (Kindell 1985:2); he also claims success in<br />
debates against evolutionists on campuses, radio and TV. Kindell was vice-president of<br />
Creation Concern in Portland, and was the creation-science specialist <strong>for</strong> Moral Majority<br />
of Oregon. Now living in Pomona, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia, he is available free <strong>for</strong> lectures.