Experiments with Supersonic Beams as a Source of Cold Atoms

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[151] S. Hofferberth, B. Fischer, T. Schumm, J. Schmiedmayer, and I. Lesanovsky. Ultracold atoms in radio-frequency dressed potentials beyond the rotating-wave approximation. Phys. Rev. A, 76:013401, Jul 2007. [152] Edvardas Narevicius, S Travis Bannerman, and Mark G Raizen. Single-photon molecular cooling. New Journal of Physics, 11(5):055046, 2009. [153] David E. Pritchard. Cooling neutral atoms in a magnetic trap for precision spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett., 51:1336–1339, Oct 1983. [154] Dmitry Budker, Derek F. Kimball, and David P. DeMille. Atomic Physics. Oxford University Press, New York, 2008. [155] John N. Bahcall. Theory of bound-state beta decay. Phys. Rev., 124(2):495– 499, Oct 1961. [156] S. Cohen, D. Murnick, and R. Raghavan. Bound-state beta-decay and kine- matic search for neutrino mass. Hyperfine Interactions, 33:1–8, 1987. 10.1007/BF02394096. [157] M Jerkins, J R Klein, J H Majors, F Robicheaux, and M G Raizen. Using cold atoms to measure neutrino mass. New Journal of Physics, 12(4):043022, 2010. [158] Willian C. Stwalley and L. H. Nosanow. Possible ”new” quantum systems. Phys. Rev. Lett., 36:910–913, Apr 1976. [159] D. Blume, B. D. Esry, Chris H. Greene, N. N. Klausen, and G. J. Hanna. Formation of atomic tritium clusters and bose-einstein condensates. Phys. Rev. Lett., 89:163402, Sep 2002. [160] Aurel Bulgac. Dilute quantum droplets. Phys. Rev. Lett., 89:050402, Jul 2002. 187
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Copyright by Adam Alexander Libson
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General Methods of Controlling Atom
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Acknowledgments First and foremost,
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to problems, and I frequently went
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General Methods of Controlling Atom
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Table of Contents Acknowledgments v
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Chapter 5. Towards Trapping and Coo
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List of Figures 2.1 Comparison of e
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5.12 Faraday Rotation Signal During
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producing a cold sample. Alternativ
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place inside a dilution refrigerato
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atoms or molecules are slowed using
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2.1 Thermodynamics of Ideal Gases F
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Since there will be no heat exchang
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Using equation 2.17 to modify equat
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Normalized Effusive Beam Flux Norma
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general method for producing cold a
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The gas throughput of the nozzle ca
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Chapter 3 Slowing Supersonic Beams
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3.1 Using Helium for Atom Optics Ex
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Figure 3.1: Calculated elastic scat
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that they can be prepared ex-situ a
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successful. Any water that remains
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Skimmer 300 l/s Turbo Pump Even-Lav
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Figure 3.5: A CAD image of the dete
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from tubular aluminum welded togeth
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Figure 3.7: A CAD image of the roto
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Figure 3.10: A CAD image of large c
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Figure 3.11: This plot shows the am
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approximations are made in this cal
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3.3.3 Detection An SRS [61] residua
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TTL pulse to the data acquisition c
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A comparison of the time-of-flight
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eceding crystal. Each curve is the
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calculated slow beam velocity is qu
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the RGA does have an effect on the
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Chapter 4 The Atomic and Molecular
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field. In the L − S coupling regi
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3 P2 E Figure 4.2: This graph gives
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For intermediate fields, the full p
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Figure 4.4: This figure illustrates
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The same effect is also responsible
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(a) (b) (c) Time Figure 4.5: A pict
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which the particles enter). The oth
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the coil can instead be switched be
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the magnitude of the field some dis
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nozzle front surface aluminum catho
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Figure 4.9: A CAD overview of the s
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258V 1MΩ 5V 1mF DC/DC Converter TT
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Figure 4.12: An oscilloscope trace
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(a) (b) Figure 4.14: A CAD image of
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-HV PS 4 M MCP Anode 10 M 1 M Trans
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Signal [V] 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 refe
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Figure 4.20: An exploded view of th
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(a) (b) (c) (e) Figure 4.21: A pict
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258V 1MΩ TTL 2.2mF 50Ω TTL 5V 5V
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closed. With the new thyristor gate
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HeNe M2 M1 BB /2 L BB PC coil PC PD
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Table 4.1: Peak magnetic fields mea
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Figure 4.28: A cut-away CAD image o
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ameters. The coilgun chamber consis
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Table 4.2: Final velocities (vf), s
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MCP Signal [arb. units] 2.0 1.5 (1)
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viability for molecules essential.
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8 Ω LN2 Liquid Nitrogen Dewar Nozz
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Figure 4.33: Molecular oxygen slowi
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Chapter 5 Towards Trapping and Cool
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Energy meV 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.0 0.2 0
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10 mm 2.0 T 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8
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250V 1MΩ 3x 2.2mF TTL 5V feedback
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Magnetic Field (T) 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.3
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5.2.2.1 Principle of Operation of t
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Figure 5.8: Photograph of the trapp
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4.1.3. In an anti-Helmholtz trap, t
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Figure 5.11: Photograph of the hydr
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Photodiode Signal (V) Time (s) Figu
Page 153 and 154: Figure 5.13: Time of flight plot of
Page 155 and 156: 500 l/s Turbo Pump Supersonic Nozzl
Page 157 and 158: Ionizer 500 l/s Turbo Pump Ion Opti
Page 159 and 160: guided the design of the apparatus.
Page 161 and 162: Z − Velocity (m/s) 100 60 30 0
Page 163 and 164: Atom Number 60 50 40 30 20 10 0.6 0
Page 165 and 166: scattered photon to extract informa
Page 167 and 168: where k1 · pi = − k2 · pi, wh
Page 169 and 170: the electron g-factor which causes
Page 171 and 172: Figure 5.24: A schematic of the tel
Page 173 and 174: prevent the determination of the is
Page 175 and 176: (a) (b) time Figure 5.25: A 1D illu
Page 177 and 178: experiment, where a being is capabl
Page 179 and 180: potential position 2 x 243 nm Lα |
Page 181 and 182: Appendix 164
Page 183 and 184: y x V i Figure A.1: The geometry us
Page 185 and 186: Bibliography [1] H.J.MetcalfandP.va
Page 187 and 188: [17] Brian C. Sawyer, Benjamin L. L
Page 189 and 190: [34] R. Campargue. Progress in over
Page 191 and 192: [51] O. Carnal, M. Sigel, T. Sleato
Page 193 and 194: [70] Edvardas Narevicius, Adam Libs
Page 195 and 196: [87] Willis E. Lamb and Robert C. R
Page 197 and 198: [96] G.Gabrielse,N.S.Bowden,P.Oxley
Page 199 and 200: [110] N. Kolachevsky, J. Alnis, S.
Page 201 and 202: [125] Andreas Osterwalder, Samuel A
Page 203: [142] C. Cohen-Tannoudji, B. Diu, a
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Experiments with Supersonic Beams as a Source of Cold Atoms

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