Experiments with Supersonic Beams as a Source of Cold Atoms
Experiments with Supersonic Beams as a Source of Cold Atoms
Experiments with Supersonic Beams as a Source of Cold Atoms
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coilgun is only able to slow a portion <strong>of</strong> initial ph<strong>as</strong>e space volume. Part <strong>of</strong> this is<br />
due to the ph<strong>as</strong>e space acceptance <strong>of</strong> the coilgun <strong>as</strong> defined by its volume <strong>of</strong> ph<strong>as</strong>e<br />
stability. It is also partially due to the fact that not all <strong>of</strong> the oxygen molecules in the<br />
initial beam are in the correct angular momentum state to be slowed by the coilgun.<br />
Comparison <strong>with</strong> simulation indicates that the oxygen coilgun h<strong>as</strong> an efficiency which<br />
ranges from around a percent for the le<strong>as</strong>t slowing, to about a tenth <strong>of</strong> a percent for<br />
maximal slowing.<br />
Slowing <strong>of</strong> a molecule using the coilgun method demonstrates the broad ap-<br />
plicability <strong>of</strong> pulsed magnetic slowing <strong>of</strong> supersonic beams. The supersonic source is<br />
a general method <strong>of</strong> producing cold but f<strong>as</strong>t samples and, <strong>as</strong> demonstrated here, the<br />
coilgun is a general method <strong>of</strong> reducing the velocity <strong>of</strong> these cold samples to trap-<br />
pable velocities. These techniques combine to provide a general method <strong>of</strong> controlling<br />
atomic motion.<br />
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