Experiments with Supersonic Beams as a Source of Cold Atoms

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(c) (a) (e) Figure 4.27: Photographs of the 64 stage aluminum coil support structure. The structure with half the coils is shown in (a), and with all coils in (b). A closeup of the coil mounting is shown in (c), and a similar closeup in the chamber illustrating the PEEK wire bundling is shown in (d). Images (e) and (f) show the translation stage mounting of the MCP and valve side of the coilgun respectively. 101 (d) (f) (b)
Figure 4.28: A cut-away CAD image of the 64 stage coilgun and vacuum chamber. The red arrow indicates the supersonic beam trajectory. The first 49 of 64 coils are shown, and only the first 32 of these are shown as clamped in place. The 89.77 cm long water cooled aluminum support is held in place by an x-y translation stage at either end of the vacuum chamber. The MCP used to detect the beam is shown at the end of the slower, and is mounted on copper rods so that the MCP is closer to the end of the slower that it would be if mounted directly to the translation stage mounted feedthrough flange. of scratching their insulation. Since the coils and the aluminum structure they are mounted to are heavy, the support has a stiffening fin along its bottom to ensure that the total deviation of the coils from a straight line is less than 100 μm. In addition, the coil support is water cooled via a 1/4 inch square copper tube that is clamped in place running down either side of the support. This provides a source of cooling for the coils. Pictures of the aluminum coil support can be seen in figure 4.27. The aluminum support structure is held in the vacuum chamber by two stages which each allow the support to be moved in x and y. The stages are placed at 102
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Copyright by Adam Alexander Libson
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General Methods of Controlling Atom
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Acknowledgments First and foremost,
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to problems, and I frequently went
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General Methods of Controlling Atom
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Table of Contents Acknowledgments v
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Chapter 5. Towards Trapping and Coo
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List of Figures 2.1 Comparison of e
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5.12 Faraday Rotation Signal During
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producing a cold sample. Alternativ
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place inside a dilution refrigerato
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atoms or molecules are slowed using
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2.1 Thermodynamics of Ideal Gases F
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Since there will be no heat exchang
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Using equation 2.17 to modify equat
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Normalized Effusive Beam Flux Norma
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general method for producing cold a
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The gas throughput of the nozzle ca
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Chapter 3 Slowing Supersonic Beams
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3.1 Using Helium for Atom Optics Ex
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Figure 3.1: Calculated elastic scat
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that they can be prepared ex-situ a
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successful. Any water that remains
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Skimmer 300 l/s Turbo Pump Even-Lav
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Figure 3.5: A CAD image of the dete
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from tubular aluminum welded togeth
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Figure 3.7: A CAD image of the roto
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Figure 3.10: A CAD image of large c
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Figure 3.11: This plot shows the am
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approximations are made in this cal
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3.3.3 Detection An SRS [61] residua
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TTL pulse to the data acquisition c
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A comparison of the time-of-flight
Page 67 and 68: eceding crystal. Each curve is the
Page 69 and 70: calculated slow beam velocity is qu
Page 71 and 72: the RGA does have an effect on the
Page 73 and 74: Chapter 4 The Atomic and Molecular
Page 75 and 76: field. In the L − S coupling regi
Page 77 and 78: 3 P2 E Figure 4.2: This graph gives
Page 79 and 80: For intermediate fields, the full p
Page 81 and 82: Figure 4.4: This figure illustrates
Page 83 and 84: The same effect is also responsible
Page 85 and 86: (a) (b) (c) Time Figure 4.5: A pict
Page 87 and 88: which the particles enter). The oth
Page 89 and 90: the coil can instead be switched be
Page 91 and 92: the magnitude of the field some dis
Page 93 and 94: nozzle front surface aluminum catho
Page 95 and 96: Figure 4.9: A CAD overview of the s
Page 97 and 98: 258V 1MΩ 5V 1mF DC/DC Converter TT
Page 99 and 100: Figure 4.12: An oscilloscope trace
Page 101 and 102: (a) (b) Figure 4.14: A CAD image of
Page 103 and 104: -HV PS 4 M MCP Anode 10 M 1 M Trans
Page 105 and 106: Signal [V] 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 refe
Page 107 and 108: Figure 4.20: An exploded view of th
Page 109 and 110: (a) (b) (c) (e) Figure 4.21: A pict
Page 111 and 112: 258V 1MΩ TTL 2.2mF 50Ω TTL 5V 5V
Page 113 and 114: closed. With the new thyristor gate
Page 115 and 116: HeNe M2 M1 BB /2 L BB PC coil PC PD
Page 117: Table 4.1: Peak magnetic fields mea
Page 121 and 122: ameters. The coilgun chamber consis
Page 123 and 124: Table 4.2: Final velocities (vf), s
Page 125 and 126: MCP Signal [arb. units] 2.0 1.5 (1)
Page 127 and 128: viability for molecules essential.
Page 129 and 130: 8 Ω LN2 Liquid Nitrogen Dewar Nozz
Page 131 and 132: Figure 4.33: Molecular oxygen slowi
Page 133 and 134: Chapter 5 Towards Trapping and Cool
Page 135 and 136: Energy meV 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.0 0.2 0
Page 137 and 138: 10 mm 2.0 T 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8
Page 139 and 140: 250V 1MΩ 3x 2.2mF TTL 5V feedback
Page 141 and 142: Magnetic Field (T) 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.3
Page 143 and 144: 5.2.2.1 Principle of Operation of t
Page 145 and 146: Figure 5.8: Photograph of the trapp
Page 147 and 148: 4.1.3. In an anti-Helmholtz trap, t
Page 149 and 150: Figure 5.11: Photograph of the hydr
Page 151 and 152: Photodiode Signal (V) Time (s) Figu
Page 153 and 154: Figure 5.13: Time of flight plot of
Page 155 and 156: 500 l/s Turbo Pump Supersonic Nozzl
Page 157 and 158: Ionizer 500 l/s Turbo Pump Ion Opti
Page 159 and 160: guided the design of the apparatus.
Page 161 and 162: Z − Velocity (m/s) 100 60 30 0
Page 163 and 164: Atom Number 60 50 40 30 20 10 0.6 0
Page 165 and 166: scattered photon to extract informa
Page 167 and 168: where k1 · pi = − k2 · pi, wh
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the electron g-factor which causes
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Figure 5.24: A schematic of the tel
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prevent the determination of the is
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(a) (b) time Figure 5.25: A 1D illu
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experiment, where a being is capabl
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potential position 2 x 243 nm Lα |
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Appendix 164
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y x V i Figure A.1: The geometry us
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Bibliography [1] H.J.MetcalfandP.va
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[17] Brian C. Sawyer, Benjamin L. L
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[34] R. Campargue. Progress in over
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[51] O. Carnal, M. Sigel, T. Sleato
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[70] Edvardas Narevicius, Adam Libs
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[87] Willis E. Lamb and Robert C. R
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[96] G.Gabrielse,N.S.Bowden,P.Oxley
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[110] N. Kolachevsky, J. Alnis, S.
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[125] Andreas Osterwalder, Samuel A
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[142] C. Cohen-Tannoudji, B. Diu, a
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[161] Paulo F. Bedaque, Aurel Bulga
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Experiments with Supersonic Beams as a Source of Cold Atoms

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