Exergy evolution of the mineral capital on earth - circe

Exergy evolution of the mineral capital on earth - circe Exergy evolution of the mineral capital on earth - circe

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28 THE GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE EARTH. KNOWN FACTS Table 2.6: Predicted Mean Oceanic Concentrations. Adapted from [273]. Element Species Concentration Hydrogen H 2 Helium 1,9 nmol/kg Lithium 178 µg/kg Beryllium 0,2 ng/kg Boron Inorganic Boron 4,4 mg/kg Carbon ΣCO 2 2200 µg/kg Nitrogen N 2 590 µg/kg NO 3 30 µg/kg Oxygen Dissolved O 2 150 µg/kg Fluorine 1,3 mg/kg Neon 8 nmol/kg Sodium 10,781 g/kg Magnesium 1,28 g/kg Aluminum 1 µg/kg Silicon Silicate 110 µmole/kg Phosphorous Reactive Phosphate 2 µmole/kg Sulfur Sulfate 2,712 g/kg Chlorine Chloride 19,353 g/kg Argon 15,6 µmole/kg Potassium 399 mg/kg Calcium 415 mg/kg 412 mg/kg Scandium < 1 ng/kg Titanium < 1 ng/kg Vanadium < 1 µg/kg Chromium C r (tot) 330 ng/kg 330 ng/kg 250 ng/kg Manganese Dissolved M n 10 ng/kg Iron 40 ng/kg Cobalt 2 ng/kg Nickel 480 ng/kg Copper 120 ng/kg Zinc 390 ng/kg Gallium 10 20 ng/kg Germanium < 5 ng/kg Arsenic As (V) 2 µg/kg Dimethylarsenate Selenium Se (tot) 170 ng/kg Se (IV) < Se (VI) Bromine Bromide 67 mg/kg Krypton 3,7 nmol/kg Rubidium 124 mug/kg Strontium 7,8 mg/kg 7,7 mg/kg Yttrium 13 ng/kg Zirconium 1 µg/kg Niobium < 1 ng/kg Molybdenum 11 µg/kg Continued on next page . . .

The hydrosphere 29 Table 2.6: Predicted Mean Oceanic Concentrations. Adapted from [273]. – continued from previous page. Element Species Concentration Ruong>theong>nium 0,5 ng/kg Rhodium Palladium Silver 3 ng/kg Cadmium 70 ng/kg Indium 0,5 ng/kg Tin 0,5 ng/kg Antimony 0,2 µg/kg Tellurium Iodine 59 µg/kg 60 µg/kg Xenon 0,5 nmol/kg Cesium 0,3 ng/kg Barium 11,7 µg/kg Lanthanum 4 ng/kg Cerium 4 ng/kg Praeseodymium 0,6 ng/kg Neodymium 4 ng/kg Promethium Samarium 0,6 ng/kg Europeum 0,1 ng/kg Gadolinium 0,8 ng/kg Terbium 0,1 ng/kg Dysprosium 1 ng/kg Holmium 0,2 ng/kg Erbium 0,9 ng/kg Thulium 0,2 ng/kg Ytterbium 0,9 ng/kg Lutetium 0,2 ng/kg Hafnium ≪ 8 ng/kg Tantalum ≪ 2,5 ng/kg Tungsten ≪ 1 ng/kg Rhenium 4 ng/kg Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold 11 ng/kg Mercury 6 ng/kg Thallium 12 ng/kg Lead 1 ng/kg Bismuth 10 ng/kg Polonium Radon Radium Actinium Thorium ≪ 0,7 ng/kg Proactinium Uranium 3,2 µg/kg End ong>ofong> ong>theong> table

28 THE GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE EARTH. KNOWN FACTS<br />

Table 2.6: Predicted Mean Oceanic C<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong>s. Adapted from [273].<br />

Element Species C<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong><br />

Hydrogen H 2<br />

Helium 1,9 nmol/kg<br />

Lithium 178 µg/kg<br />

Beryllium 0,2 ng/kg<br />

Bor<strong>on</strong> Inorganic Bor<strong>on</strong> 4,4 mg/kg<br />

Carb<strong>on</strong> ΣCO 2 2200 µg/kg<br />

Nitrogen N 2 590 µg/kg<br />

NO 3 30 µg/kg<br />

Oxygen Dissolved O 2 150 µg/kg<br />

Fluorine 1,3 mg/kg<br />

Ne<strong>on</strong> 8 nmol/kg<br />

Sodium 10,781 g/kg<br />

Magnesium 1,28 g/kg<br />

Aluminum 1 µg/kg<br />

Silic<strong>on</strong> Silicate 110 µmole/kg<br />

Phosphorous Reactive Phosphate 2 µmole/kg<br />

Sulfur Sulfate 2,712 g/kg<br />

Chlorine Chloride 19,353 g/kg<br />

Arg<strong>on</strong> 15,6 µmole/kg<br />

Potassium 399 mg/kg<br />

Calcium 415 mg/kg<br />

412 mg/kg<br />

Scandium < 1 ng/kg<br />

Titanium < 1 ng/kg<br />

Vanadium < 1 µg/kg<br />

Chromium C r (tot) 330 ng/kg<br />

330 ng/kg<br />

250 ng/kg<br />

Manganese Dissolved M n 10 ng/kg<br />

Ir<strong>on</strong> 40 ng/kg<br />

Cobalt 2 ng/kg<br />

Nickel 480 ng/kg<br />

Copper 120 ng/kg<br />

Zinc 390 ng/kg<br />

Gallium 10 20 ng/kg<br />

Germanium < 5 ng/kg<br />

Arsenic As (V) 2 µg/kg<br />

Dimethylarsenate<br />

Selenium Se (tot) 170 ng/kg<br />

Se (IV) <<br />

Se (VI)<br />

Bromine Bromide 67 mg/kg<br />

Krypt<strong>on</strong> 3,7 nmol/kg<br />

Rubidium 124 mug/kg<br />

Str<strong>on</strong>tium 7,8 mg/kg<br />

7,7 mg/kg<br />

Yttrium 13 ng/kg<br />

Zirc<strong>on</strong>ium 1 µg/kg<br />

Niobium < 1 ng/kg<br />

Molybdenum 11 µg/kg<br />

C<strong>on</strong>tinued <strong>on</strong> next page . . .

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