LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS CALIFORNIA AND OREGON

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description of specie0 223 The composite character of "Htlicaricyltig aequicaatoiu*" Gabb has already been shown. Nevertheless the name Helicancylua may bo applied to tbe coiled form involved in his attempted delineation. Merriam supposed that tbe holotype of Heli- •ancylua was among the materials left at the University of California by tbe old State Geological Survey. In a list of "type specimens" at the University, prepared by Merriam in. 1895, is the name "Helicancylus aequitosiatua" Gabb. In the Museum of Paleontology there is a small ammonoid bearing this label, hfit it has no further notation. The label was apparently attached to the specimen by Gabb himself and probably is the specimen referred to by Merriam as the "type," It has a quite symmetrical coil and two types of ribs, and ia an example of the young stage of .4UJ- Iraliaras argua nov., described in this memoir. Incidentally, this Is tbe fourth species that was included by Gabb under the name "Helicancylua aeguicostaiua." The holotype of Helicancylu* jjabbi nov.—the genotype of Helieaneyha, as here emended—is in the muBeum of the Academy of Natural Sciences at Philadelphia, as already stated. As to ita locality and horizon, little can be said at present; it is thought to have been found on the Cottonwood Creek near Ona, Shasta County, and to represent an Aptian, or possibly a Barremian, horizon. BELEMNOIDEA In tho upper Mesozoic, namely, the Knoxville and the Shasta series in California and Oregon, fossil remains of no less than 35 species of cephalopoda of the order Belcmnoidca are recognisable at present, and there are indications that others will won be added to tho list. Of this number 19 or more ore found in the Knoxville series, and at least 1G are confined to the Shasta series. In the Knoxville the great majority of the known spcciea arc referable to either Cylindroleuthis Bayle and Zeiler, Bclemnopsia Bayle, or to Pachyteuthis Bayle, of which few, if any, survived into Cretaceous time. As far as known, there is little or no relationship between any in the Knoxville assemblage and those in the Shasta series. Nor is their stratigraphic occurrence continuoua. Most of the forms constituting the Knoxville assemblage appear to be confined to the upper (Tithonian) part of the aeries, and at its close they quickly and completely disappear, leaving no recognisable descendants. The earliest faunae referable to the Cretaceous sequence contain no distinct traces of the Knoxville types, whereas the belemnoids of the Shasta series belong to distinct genera, for the moat part, such aa characterize tbe early Cretaccous of other regions (England, western Europe, and Russia). In the Cretaceous assemblage the following genera, recognised by Stollcy, are fairly well represented, although not equally: AcroUulhia Stolley, 10 species Beltrnnoituihit Pierce, 2 spcciea Aulacotcuihia Stolicy, 2 apecioa Beltmnapsii Bayle, 2 spcciea Hibolilet Montfort, 1 spcciea From the generic character of this assemblage, as contrasted with tbat of the Knoxville series, it is believed that they entered the California province as immigrant races, following some profound changes in sea and land conditions in western America and in the Pacific basin, which opened new connections or avenues of migration. Although their stratigraphical order is not yet fully known, some of the Cretaceous assemblage seem to be confined to restricted rones. It is perhaps too early in their study to give the vertical range of many of them, although wc may note the zones in which they have been found up to the present. The earliest representatives of the order appear in almost the lowest Cretaceous
224 lower cbetaceoub depobits in california. and oregon strata, as in tho basal conglomerates of the Paskenta group, with wbich are associated various evidences of disturbance and of unconformity, They increase in numbers and variety through the lower part of the Horsetown group. At its top, or in bedB that may represent its latest epoch, the last of the belemnoids in the California province appears in a single species of Neohibolitea, although it is rather widely separated etr&tigrapbic&My from any earlier known form. By far the greater number of species aqd individuals occur in the lower and middle parts of tbe Shasta series (mid-Valanglnian to mid-Aptian). The earliest forms seem referable to the genus AeroUuthia Stolley, and mo.pt of the succeeding forms belong to this group, although they show considerable variety, among which at least 10 species are recognisable, Although present knowledge of the assemblage and of the vertical range of its various species is incomplete, the following tentative table shows their known distribution: a. 3 £ U s TABLE 3.—YeriicaZ dujrikuttVm of Belemnoidea t'n Shasta tenet 1 < 1 a. < 1 n> c £ l M & a & 'E u 3 £ 1 i e .3 e 3 •a S i f N* a M ^ l l K « g jVeoJuWi'/f* fontxnaiia nov, Ph'io/eulJu'j folialua Gabb Belemnoteuihis sp. nov. AcroUulhia aboriginalia nov. A. oorrana nov. Ht6cJi'(« dgarroidet nov. Aeroleuthii mitchelli nov. 1 Acroleulhxs impressa (Gabb) A. aJiajfeiwrs ncv. Hibolilea diventroidet nov. Acraleu/Ais kernensis nov. A. omensis nov. 'A. thoslensi* nov. A. impreasa (Gabb) A. vrilctixi nov. Bckmncteuiftta pacifica nov. Acroieulhia mleoxi nov. A. fcernenjit nov. A. cf. .sAattensi* nov. A. unnafouienst*
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GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA SPECI
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CONTENTS Page ITFTHONCCTXOK AJFD AC
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CONTENTS Vli Page PAHT II. PAUBOKTO
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X XLLTTSTBATIONS Plate Faolng page
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2 LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS INT CAL
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10 LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS INT CA
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IS LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS INT CA
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32 LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN CAM
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e s• cj T3 1 2 s tf 5!* p ' a Pas
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42 LOWER CBETACEOOfl DEPOSITS IN CA
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SO LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS INT CA
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52 LOWEB CRETACEOt?fi DEPOSITS EJ C
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56 3WJWEH CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN CA
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60 LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN CAL
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62 LOWEB CBETACEODB DEPOSITS IN CAL
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4 LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN CALI
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68 LOWER CRETACEQTJ9 DEPOBITfl IN C
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0 LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN CALI
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98 LOWER CHETACEOUS DBPOfllTa IK CA
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100 3WJWEH CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN C
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102 LOWEB CBETACEQUS DEPOSITS IN CA
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104 LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN CA
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108 LOWSB CEETACEOUB DEPOSITS IN CA
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114 LOWER CHETACEOTJS DEF08JTS IN C
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118 loweb cbetaceodb deposits in ca
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120 loweb cbetaceodb DEPOSITS in ca
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122 loweb cbetaceodb depOSitS in ca
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124 lower chetaceous deposits ijf c
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Turbo vrilburerutii STANTOK, U. 8.
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138 lower cretaceous deposits in ca
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140 lower cretaceous deposits of ca
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166 lower crstacequ9 defobit3 in ca
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170 LOWER ChETACEOUS DEPOSITS Ijf C
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Page 237 and 238: 230 LiOWEH CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN C
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Page 255 and 256: EXPLANATION OF PLATES 347 PLATE 2.
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Page 261 and 262: 250 LOITER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN C
Page 263 and 264: EXPLANATION OF PLATES 251 PLATE FL.
Page 267 and 268: EXPLANATION OF PLATES 253 PLATE 8
Page 271: EXPLANATION OF SPATES 255 PLATE 10.
Page 274 and 275: ANDERSON PLATE 30 CRETACEOUS FOSSIL
Page 276: ANDERSON PLATE 30 CRETACEOUS FOSSIL
Page 279 and 280: EXPLANATION OF PLATES PLATE 14,-—
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281 LOWER CBETACEOtrS DEPOSITS IN C
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EXPLAKATIOiT Ot PLATES 261 PLATE 10
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EXPLANATION OF PLATES 263 PLATE 18,
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PLATE 20.—CUBTACEOCS FOSSILS FROM
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ANDERSON PLATE M CRETACEOUS FOSSILS
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ANDEBSON PLATE 33 CRETACEOUS FOSSIL
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ANDEBSON CRETACEOUS FOSSILS FROM CA
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ANDERSON CRETACEOUS FOSSILS FROM CA
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ANDERSON CRETACEOUS FOSSILS FROM OR
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ANDERSON PLATE 82 CRETACEOUS FOSSIL
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ANDERSON PLATE 4ft
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ANDKRSON PLATI S3
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CRETACEOUS FOSSILS FROM CALIFORNIA
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explanation op plates 281' PLATE 56
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2 loweb. chetaceous deposits in cal
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284 loweb. chetaceous deposits in c
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2 loweb. chetaceous deposits in cal
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290 loweb. chetaceous deposits In c
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explanation op plates 281' PLOATE 4
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392 loweb. chetaceous deposits IN c
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explanation' of plates 293 PLATE 48
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294 LOWEb. ChETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN C
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explanation op plates 281' PLATE SO
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296 LOWEb. ChETACEOUS DEPOSITS IN C
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explanation of plates 297 PLATE 52.
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explanation op plates PLATE 54.—-
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explanation op plates 281' PLATE S6
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explanation op plates PLATE 63.—C
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explanation op plates FLATS M.—CH
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312 lower cbxtace008 deposits in ca
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explanation op plates PLATE 70.—-
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324 lower cretaceous deposits itf c
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EXPLANATION OP PLATES 281' PLATE 72
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ANDERSON FUT1 TS CRETACEOUS FOSSILS
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ANDERSON CRETACEOUS FOSSIL FROM CAL
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ANDERSON PLATE 78 I CRETACEOUS FOSS
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ANDERSON PLATE Tt
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330 Area flmwrwa, 9B (Mwrnfort) tuf
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332 index Dwcriptbni ol epociM, 90
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334 INDEX "JEotttmc/k" 191, IM uctD
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HTOBX AmAspftlu—tontinuti xliatfl
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338 Sawn. 173 Siakijrou, 31 Smith,
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LOWER CRETACEOUS DEPOSITS CALIFORNIA AND OREGON

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